JP2007097422A - System for fermentation, distillation and drying - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for fermentation, distillation and drying, with which a series of treatment process for converting an organic substance such as an organic waste, a raw material crop for alcohol, etc., into a reusable substance is efficiently carried out by using a closed type fermentation and drying tank. <P>SOLUTION: The system 1 for fermentation, distillation and drying is equipped with one closed type fermentation and drying tank 3, a suction pump 7 for sucking gas in the closed type fermentation and drying tank 3 and depressurizing the tank and an evaporator 5 which communicates with the closed type fermentation and drying tank 3 and condenses gases produced in treatment processes of water adjustment, saccharification, solid fermentation, distillation and drying of an organic substance stored in the closed type fermentation and drying tank 3 and converting the gases to a liquid. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fermentative distillation drying system for obtaining a fermented product containing an alcohol that can be reused by solid fermentation of an organic waste or an alcohol raw material crop.

  In recent years, when processing organic waste such as industrial waste and domestic waste, it is possible to reduce the amount of the resulting product compared to the amount of the original waste, Converting to a usable form is recognized as a major social mission. For this reason, conventionally, many proposals have been made as apparatuses and methods for treating waste. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a shochu treatment method in which shochu is dried with a vacuum dryer, the dried product is pulverized, burned with a combustion accelerator, and the generated heat is used for drying by the vacuum dryer. Is disclosed. This treatment method should be evaluated in terms of using dried organic waste such as shochu as an energy source for combustion. However, when performing this treatment method, many mechanical devices are used. It must be used, and it is necessary to consider a high installation cost and an operation cost, and the operation may be complicated.

Moreover, when processing the said waste, naturally, it is not permitted to discharge | emit a harmful substance. For example, Patent Document 2 includes a neutralizing means for neutralizing an alkaline substance that coexists in the waste and easily disperses when the organic waste is dried, and transforms it into a physical property that is difficult to disperse. A vacuum drying apparatus is disclosed. This vacuum drying device should be evaluated in that it does not discharge alkaline substances out of the device, but carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) as a greenhouse gas that is attracting attention today when the Kyoto Protocol entered into force is outside the device. The measures are not taken.

On the other hand, a technology for efficiently extracting an energy source from the organic waste is being developed in light of the current situation in which petroleum resources have decreased and prices have risen. For example, in Patent Document 3, a starch-containing raw material is dried in a steam dryer to adjust moisture, the obtained dried product is pelletized in a pellet forming apparatus, and the pellet is inoculated with koji mold in a koji making apparatus. In addition to the fermented product, the ethanol production method and the ethanol production system are disclosed in addition to the fermented product by solid-fermenting the saccharified pellets obtained in this manner. This ethanol production method and system should be evaluated in terms of generating ethanol as an energy source from raw materials that are supposed to be organic waste. Therefore, when the above system is planted, the equipment system becomes heavy and heavy, the raw materials must be moved between devices, high installation costs and operating costs must be considered, and There is also the possibility of complications.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-63455 JP 2003-302157 A JP 2005-65695 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a fermentation distillation drying system for carrying out a series of processing steps for converting organic wastes or organic materials such as alcohol raw material crops into reusable substances in one closed fermentation drying tank. There is to do.

  The fermentation distillation drying system according to the present invention includes a fermentation tank having a raw material inlet and a stirrer, a suction device for sucking the gas in the fermentation tank, a distillation device for distilling the gas sucked by the suction device, In a fermentation distillation drying system comprising a storage tank for storing a liquid obtained by a distiller, the fermenter includes a fermented product outlet and a temperature adjusting jacket, and is a sealed type that performs fermentation of raw materials and vacuum drying of the fermented product. Fermentation drying tank.

  The fermentation distillation drying system according to the present invention includes a crusher for crushing raw materials.

  The fermentation distillation drying system according to the present invention is characterized in that a fermentation material is added to the sealed fermentation drying tank.

  The fermentation distillation drying system according to the present invention includes a culture tank for producing a fermented material.

  According to this invention, since it is configured to perform fermentation on organic matter such as organic waste or an alcohol raw material crop, and to perform distillation and drying under reduced pressure in one sealed fermentation drying tank. Since it is not necessary to move the contents of the closed-type fermentation drying tank such as the organic matter during the process, the operation management can be facilitated, the operation cost can be reduced, and the facility is simpler. Since the space can be saved by the sealed fermentation drying tank, there is an effect that the installation cost can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, the organic matter is fermented and distilled and dried under reduced pressure in a single closed fermentation and drying tank, so that the organic matter can be reused by solid fermentation. A fermented product containing alcohol as a new substance can be obtained, and the organic material can be completely recycled. In particular, by adopting a closed-type fermentation drying tank, the pressure in the tank can be easily adjusted, and in addition to temperature adjustment, an optimum environment is created for each processing step, and the generation of alcohol vapor and water vapor is controlled. The alcohol can be recovered efficiently and stably.

  According to the present invention, since the organic matter is adjusted to moisture in one closed fermentation and drying tank and is subjected to solid fermentation, a general liquid (with a very high water content, for example, 90% state) Compared with the case where fermentation is performed in (3), the closed-type fermentation / drying tank can be downsized, and a large fermentation tank can be dispensed with. In general, when alcohol is produced by liquid fermentation, a high-concentration (distillation) waste liquid that requires a separate treatment is generated. In the present invention, high-concentration (distillation) is produced by producing alcohol by solid fermentation. Since generation | occurrence | production of a waste liquid can be suppressed, there also exists an effect that the cost concerning the process of a high concentration (distillation) waste liquid can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, since the organic substance is adjusted in water in one closed fermentation and drying tank, solid fermentation is performed, and a recovery means for recovering the fermented product is provided. A fermented product rich in (alcohol) fermenting microorganisms and rich in fermenting activity can be collected from the enclosed fermentation drying tank 3 at the end of the fermentation process by the product returning means. And by returning the sorted fermented product as a fermented material in the closed fermentation drying tank in the next organic matter treatment cycle, the active fermented product of the previous cycle can be effectively used as an inoculum while maintaining its activity, In the next cycle, there is an effect that each treatment of saccharification and fermentation with respect to the organic matter can be performed quickly and efficiently. Moreover, in addition to the fermented material before drying, for example, a microbial material or enzyme material (wet material, dried material) suitable for alcohol fermentation can be used as appropriate, and stable and efficient production of solid fermentation and fermentation distillate It can be performed.

  According to the present invention, since it is configured to provide a crusher for crushing the raw material to be put into one sealed fermentation drying tank, massive organic waste and the like are also quickly crushed and subdivided, and solid fermentation is efficiently performed. In addition, it is possible to prevent unfermented massive organic waste from remaining in the closed fermentation and drying tank.

  According to this invention, since it comprised so that the culture apparatus which manufactures a fermented material might be provided in one sealed type fermentation-drying tank, the said fermented material rich in (alcohol) fermentation activity can be ensured stably, and every processing cycle There is no need to fractionate a fermented product before drying, or to prepare a microorganism for fermentation or an enzyme for fermentation, and stable and efficient solid fermentation and fermentation distillate can be produced.

  According to the present invention, since the organic matter is adjusted in water in one closed fermentation and drying tank, solid fermentation is performed, and recovery means for recovering the fermented product is provided. The effect that it is possible to recover a sufficiently reduced amount of dried fermented product remaining in the closed-type fermentation drying tank at the end of the process, and that the dried fermented product containing the microbial cells can be effectively reused as fertilizer. There is.

  According to the present invention, in addition to organic waste as a fermentation raw material, a cultivated crop containing a large amount of sugars such as starch suitable for an alcohol fermentation raw material can be used. The process can be shortened or omitted, and the process can be simplified and shortened. As a result, there is an effect that a fermented distillate (such as ethanol) can be produced more efficiently.

  According to this invention, since it comprised so that the condensation means could be provided in one closed type fermentation drying tank, it is produced | generated by solid state fermentation in a closed type fermentation drying tank by managing appropriately the distillation temperature in a condensation means. There is an effect that water and alcohol can be fractionated efficiently. Furthermore, in this invention, since it comprised so that an alcohol storage part and a distillate storage part might be provided, it becomes easy to handle water and alcohol separately, and alcohol (especially ethanol) can be efficiently collect | recovered and carried out. There is an effect. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the carbon dioxide gas generated together with water by solid fermentation can be fixed by the condensing means, it can be expected to prevent the release of carbon dioxide gas to the atmosphere, which affects the global warming. The carbon dioxide emission, which is recognized as a greenhouse effect gas, can be reliably suppressed.

  According to the present invention, since the temperature adjusting means is provided in one sealed fermentation drying tank, moisture adjustment, saccharification, solid fermentation, distillation and drying performed on the organic matter in the sealed fermentation drying tank. There is an effect that appropriate temperature management can be performed through each processing step.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a fermentation distillation drying system according to one embodiment of the present invention. The fermentative distillation drying system 1 includes one sealed fermentation drying tank 3, and moisture adjustment, saccharification, solid fermentation, and organic matter connected to the sealed fermentation drying tank 3 and housed in the sealed fermentation drying tank 3. A distiller (condensing means) 5 that condenses the gas generated in each process of distillation and drying and converts it into a liquid, and a suction pump that depressurizes the inside of the closed fermentation drying tank 3 via the distiller 5 ( Pressure reducing means) 7.

  The sealed fermentation drying tank 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape and a can body 31 arranged so that its axial direction is horizontal, and the temperature inside the can body 31 is adjusted so as to cover the outside of the can body 31. A jacket (outer means) 33, and an inlet 35 through which the raw material (organic matter) provided in the upper part of the can body 31 and used for the fermentation process is introduced into the can body 31. An outlet (fermented product outlet) 37 that is provided at the bottom of the can 31 and passes through the jacket 33 and discharges a fermented product described later to the outside of the can 31, and penetrates the jacket 33. A re-injection port 39 for re-introducing the fermented product into the can 31 is provided schematically at the top of the can 31.

  In the can 31, stirring means 40 for stirring the organic matter is provided. The stirring means 40 is provided in the can 31 so as to extend in the radial direction on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary shaft 41 and a rotary shaft 41 rotatably arranged so as to extend in the axial direction thereof. The plurality of stirring blades 42 and a drive motor 43 that rotationally drives the rotary shaft 41 are roughly configured. The can body 31 is provided with a temperature sensor 44 for constantly monitoring the space temperature in the can body 31.

  A heat medium supply means 45 is connected to the jacket 33. The heat medium supply means 45 includes a cooling device 46 for supplying cooling water to the jacket 33, a steam generating device 47 for supplying steam to the jacket 33, the steam generating device 47, and the cooling device 46. A supply path 48 that communicates with the jacket 33 is generally configured. The supply path 48 includes a cooling medium supply path 48 a from the cooling device 46, a steam supply path 48 b from the steam generation device 47, and a merged supply path 48 c extending from the location where both the supply paths merge to the jacket 33. It is roughly structured. Here, the jacket 33 and the heating medium supply means 45 are used to adjust the temperature in the closed fermentation drying tank 3 to the moisture content, saccharification, solid fermentation, and distillation described later for the organic matter supplied into the closed fermentation drying tank 3. And temperature adjusting means for adjusting to a temperature suitable for each processing step of drying.

  One end of a conveyance path 49 for sucking and conveying the organic matter charged into the sealed fermentation drying tank 3 is connected to the inlet 35. A suction valve 50 for opening and closing the transport path 49 is provided in the middle of the transport path 49, and one end of a suction hose 51 made of a flexible material or the like is provided at the other end of the transport path 49. It is connected. The other end of the suction hose 51 is put into a crushed material container 53 that receives a crushed material from a crusher 52 that crushes the organic material. The crusher 52 includes an input port 52a for inputting the organic matter, and a discharge port 52b for discharging the fermentation raw material as a crushed material input from the input port 52a and crushed.

  Between the discharge port 37 and the re-input port 39, a fermented product return path (fermented product return means) 54 for returning the fermented material as the fermented material is disposed. Among the fermented product return path 54, a three-way valve that can select communication between the sealed fermentation drying tank 3 and the fermented product return path 54 or communication between the sealed fermented drying tank 3 and the outside is provided near the discharge port 37. A certain outlet valve 55 is provided. Further, in the fermented product return path 54, a re-input port valve 56 for opening and closing the fermented product return path 54 is provided in the vicinity of the re-input port 39. At the upper part of the refill port valve 56, an inverted conical refill hopper 56a for efficiently receiving the fermented product is provided.

  Between the closed-type fermentation / drying tank 3 and the distiller 5, the gas generated in each process of moisture adjustment, saccharification, solid fermentation, distillation, and drying for the organic substances put in the closed-type fermentation / drying tank 3 is distilled. A gas guiding path 57 for guiding to the vessel 5 is provided. A pressure sensor 58 for constantly monitoring the pressure in the closed fermentation drying tank 3 is installed in the gas guiding path 57. The distiller 5 is provided with a temperature sensor 59 for monitoring the temperature in the distiller 5.

  The distiller 5 includes an alcohol storage tank 60 for storing an alcohol 60a condensed with an alcohol vapor generated in the solid fermentation process for the organic matter put into the closed fermentation drying tank 3, and moisture adjustment, distillation and drying for the organic matter. A storage tank 61 for storing water (distilled liquid) 61 a condensed with water vapor generated in each processing step is connected via a liquid guide path 62. The liquid guiding path 62 is provided with a flow path switching valve 63 that is a three-way valve for switching the guiding path 62 to the alcohol branch path 62a or the distillate branch path 62b. A cooling medium supply path 64 for supplying the cooling medium from the cooling device 46 to the still 5 is provided between the distiller 5 and the cooling device 46.

  At the bottom of the alcohol storage tank 60, a discharge valve 65 for discharging the alcohol 60a is provided. On the other hand, a discharge valve 66 for discharging the distillate 61a is provided at the bottom of the storage tank 61, and a water level for measuring the water level of the distillate stored in the storage tank 61 is provided at the top. A total of 67 is installed.

  Further, between the alcohol storage tank 60 and the storage tank 61 and the suction pump 7, there is a suction path 68 including an alcohol side suction part 68a, a distillate side suction part 68b, and a merging part 68c that joins both suction parts. It is arranged. The suction path 68 is provided with a flow path switching valve 69 that is a three-way valve for switching communication with the suction pump 7 to the alcohol storage tank 60 side or the storage tank 61 side. The flow path switching valve 69 is connected to the deodorization tower 71 via the exhaust flow path 70. Between the suction pump 7 and the deodorizing tower 71, a carbon dioxide trap (not shown) for collecting carbon dioxide is disposed so as not to discharge the carbon dioxide that has passed through the suction pump 7 to the outside. Also good. This carbon dioxide trap (not shown) fixes carbon dioxide by, for example, passing carbon dioxide through lime water to produce insoluble calcium carbonate and soluble calcium hydrogen carbonate in the lime water.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 2 to 11, an organic matter processing system using the fermentation distillation drying system 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

1. Crushing process (pretreatment)
First, a predetermined amount of raw materials (for example, household waste such as food waste, industrial waste such as food residue and brewing residue, and cultivated crops such as potato and rice) are put into the crusher 52 through its inlet 52a, This is crushed (step ST1 in FIG. 2). The crushed fermentation raw material (hereinafter referred to as crushed material) is discharged from the discharge port 52 b of the crusher 52 and received by the crushed material container 53. In addition, when the pretreatment is not required, for example, when the raw material is already fine, the raw material may be directly stored in the crushed material container 53 without being crushed by the crusher 52. The crusher 52 quickly crushes wood and bones (such as animal and fish bones, chicken eggs and crustacean shells) mixed with organic waste, and hard agricultural products (such as grains with a very low water content). -It can be subdivided, and crushing machines such as a cutting type (cutter type), a destructive type (hammer type), and a pressing type (crushing type) are preferable. In particular, when a hammer type crusher having a rotating hammer member is used, the crushed and subdivided raw material is moderately wet and fluid, and can be easily put into the closed drying tank 3.

2. Raw material charging and moisture adjustment process Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the crushed material is charged from the crushed material container 53 into the closed fermentation drying tank 3 (arrow A1 in FIG. 3). That is, the suction valve 50 is opened, the flow path switching valve 63 is switched so as to allow the distiller 5 and the storage tank 61 to communicate, and the flow path switching valve 69 is switched so as to allow the storage tank 61 and the suction pump 7 to communicate. The outlet valve 55 and the re-inlet valve 56 are closed. By starting the suction pump 7 in this state, the crushed material in the crushed material container 53 is sucked through the suction hose 51 and the conveyance path 49 (arrow A2 in FIG. 3), and the sealed fermentation drying tank 3 In. The crushed material may be introduced into the sealed fermentation drying tank 3 from the re-injection port 39 by opening the re-injection port valve 56 or may be introduced using a pressure feeding device or the like.

  Next, according to the moisture content of the crushed material put into the closed type fermentation drying tank 3, moisture adjustment is performed on the crushed material. In order to perform solid fermentation, it is preferable that the water content of the crushed material is generally in the range of 45 wt% to 80 wt%.

  If the moisture content of the crushed material is low, as shown in FIG. 4, a necessary amount of water is added to adjust the moisture (step ST21 in FIG. 2, arrow A3 in FIG. 4). In addition, in the case of fermentation raw materials (rice etc.) with a low moisture content, you may adjust a water | moisture content by adding a required amount of water previously in the said crushing process. In addition, you may use the below-mentioned distillate for moisture adjustment.

Conversely, when the moisture content of the crushed material is high, the raw material is dried by the following procedure as shown in FIG. 4 (step ST22 in FIG. 2).
First, the suction valve 50 is closed, the flow switching valve 63 is switched so that the distiller 5 and the storage tank 61 are communicated, and the flow switching valve 69 is switched so that the storage tank 61 and the suction pump 7 are communicated. The inlet valve 56 and the outlet valve 55 are closed (decompression process). Next, the steam generated by the steam generator 47 is passed through the jacket 33 to heat the inside of the can 31 (steam heating process). The cooling water produced by the cooling device 46 is passed through the distiller 5 to cool the distiller 5 (cooling process). Next, the suction pump 7 is started, and the inside of the can 31 is depressurized (suction process: arrow A2 in FIG. 4). This reduced pressure state is monitored by the pressure sensor 58, and the indicated value is preferably −70 KPa (= 240 mmHg) or less. Moreover, although the internal temperature of the can 31 is monitored by the temperature sensor 44, it is preferable that the indicated value is 65 degreeC or more, for example if it is -70KPa, and 55 degreeC or more if it is -80KPa. Next, the drive motor 43 is started and the stirring means 40 is rotated to stir the crushed material (stirring process). In addition, although each process of the said pressure reduction, steam heating, cooling, suction | inhalation, and stirring comprises the drying process as a whole, the operation | work order of each process is arbitrary.

  In the above drying process for the purpose of adjusting the moisture content of the crushed material, the inside of the can 31 is depressurized, and the water vapor generated by heating the crushed material is condensed by the distiller 5 and converted into a distillate for storage. It is collected in the tank 61. This drying process is completed when the water level of the distillate collected in the storage tank 61 is measured by the water level meter 67 and the water level reaches a predetermined value. In addition, the predetermined value of the amount of water to be recovered can be grasped in advance by calculating the amount of water to be reduced based on the moisture content of the crushed material put into the sealed fermentation drying tank 3.

  Next, when the desired moisture adjustment can be performed as described above, the suction pump 7 is stopped, and either or both of the suction valve 50 and the re-injection valve 56 are opened, so that the internal pressure of the can body 31 is kept constant. Return to pressure. The supply of steam from the steam generator 47 is stopped, and cooling water is passed through the jacket 33 as necessary, so that the inside of the can 31 can grow microorganisms and the like that are seeded into crushed materials in the seeding process described later. A suitable temperature range, for example, 15 ° C. or higher and 45 ° C. or lower is set.

  In addition, about the said water | moisture content adjustment, you may determine by measuring the weight of water (dynamic load) of the can 31 and measuring the water | moisture content evaporated by drying besides using the water level meter 67. FIG. The stirring means 40 is operated until the internal temperature of the can body 31 reaches a temperature at which fermentation material can be added (planting), and until the crushed material is adapted in the can body 31 (qualitatively and heightwise). If it is not necessary, it may be stopped.

3. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the drive motor 43 is started and the crushed material in the can body 31 is stirred by the stirring means 40, and the refill port valve 56 is opened, and the refill hopper 56 a Fermentation materials such as inoculum (microorganisms that perform saccharification and fermentation, enzymes, mixtures thereof, or fermented products before drying) are put into the can 31 (step ST3 in FIG. 2, arrow A4 in FIG. 5). Note that the fermented material disposed in the recharging hopper 56 a may be charged from the recharging port valve 56 while the inside of the can 31 is in a reduced pressure state. If the re-input port 39 is not provided, the fermented material may be input from the input port 35 or the like. In addition, you may use the some enzyme (liquid form, powder form) involved in alcoholic fermentation irrespective of microbial cell.

  Here, as the fermented material, it is efficient and very desirable to use a fermented product (fermented product before drying) taken from the can 31 before distillation drying at the stage where the saccharification and fermentation of the previous cycle is completed. This is because, if a fermented product containing a large amount of important microbial cells responsible for fermentation is exposed to high temperatures in the distillation stage, the microorganisms will be killed. The microorganisms contained in the product are actively used for saccharification and fermentation. As a result, important microorganisms responsible for saccharification and fermentation can be stably secured simply and efficiently, and reuse and effective utilization of the fermented material can be achieved.

  Examples of microorganisms that can be used for planting include gonococci. Aspergillus, Aspergillus oryzae KBN606 (for soy sauce), Aspergillus oryzae KBN615 (for soy sauce), Aspergillus sojae KBN650 (for soy sauce), Asperzills 30 ), Aspergillus oryzae KBN1015 (for sake), Aspergillus kawachii KBN2001 (for shochu), Aspergillus kawachii P10-1 (for shochu), Aspergillus awamori 12 g20 A20 However, it is not limited to these.

4). Saccharification and Fermentation Process Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the suction valve 50 is opened, the flow path switching valve 63 is switched so that the distiller 5 and the alcohol storage tank 60 communicate with each other, and the alcohol storage tank 60 and the suction pump 7 are switched. The flow path switching valve 69 is switched so as to communicate with each other, and the reinlet port valve 56 and the exhaust port valve 55 are closed. During the saccharification and fermentation time set in advance, the drive motor 43 and the suction pump 7 are started at predetermined intervals, and the saccharification process and the fermentation process are performed by periodically stirring and aspirating the crushed material in the can 31. Perform (step ST4 in FIG. 2). In addition, since internal temperature rises with the heat | fever which generate | occur | produces in a fermentation process, it is necessary to adjust to the optimal temperature for fermentation through a suitable heat medium to a jacket. In addition to water vapor, the gas generated during the fermentation process includes carbon dioxide gas or alcohol vapor, which is a fermentation product.

  In addition, during the saccharification and fermentation process, when the temperature of the contents in the can 31 becomes a low temperature at which the activity of the microorganisms decreases, a heat medium such as steam or hot water from the steam generator 47 is passed through the jacket 33. The inside of the can 31 may be heated. On the contrary, during the saccharification and fermentation process, when the temperature of the contents in the can 31 is high enough to reduce the activity of the microorganisms, a cooling medium or other heat medium such as cooling water is passed through the jacket 33 to cool the contents. May be. Moreover, when the inside of the can 31 is overheated by the steam from the steam generating device 47, it is necessary to stop the supply of steam because there is a possibility that the fermentation process is stopped by deviating from a temperature suitable for fermentation. is there.

  Further, during the saccharification and fermentation process, in order to prevent the alcohol concentration of the contents in the can 31 from being higher than the concentration that inhibits the saccharification and fermentation process, the suction valve 50 is closed and the steam from the steam generator 47 is removed. Is passed through the jacket 33 to heat the inside of the can 31, cooling water from the cooling device 46 is passed through the distiller 5 to cool the distiller 5, and the suction pump 7 is activated to depressurize the inside of the can 31. Then, the drive motor 43 is activated, the stirring means 40 is rotated, the crushed material is stirred, a part of the generated alcohol is distilled, and the alcohol concentration in the can 31 is lowered.

  In addition, when saccharides, such as starch, as an alcohol fermentation raw material are included in the crushed material, the saccharification process can be shortened or simplified, so that the saccharification process can be quickly transferred to the fermentation process.

5. Next, as shown in FIG. 7, when the reduced pressure state is maintained by the suction pump 7 after completion of the fermentation process, the suction pump 7 is stopped and the suction valve 50 or re-entered as shown in FIG. Either or both of the mouth valves 56 are opened, and the inside of the can 31 is returned to normal pressure. When the crushed material in the can 31 is being stirred by the stirring means 40, the stirring means 40 is stopped. Next, the discharge port valve 55 is opened, and the fermented product (fermented product before drying) in the can 31 is collected through the discharge port (fermented product outlet) 37. The fermented material containing a large amount of (alcohol) fermenting microorganisms and the like and rich in fermentation activity is added again into the can 31 through the fermented material return path 54 from the re-input port 39, and the next processing cycle. (Step ST5 to step ST3 in FIG. 2). In order to fractionate a predetermined amount of fermented product, the stirring means 40 may be activated for a predetermined time. Next, when a predetermined amount of fermented material is collected, the outlet valve 55 is closed.

  Note that a predetermined amount of the fermented product of the can 31 as an inoculum may be dispensed into an inoculum container (not shown) (step ST5 in FIG. 2). In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, the fermented product may be collected by providing a fermented product outlet 38 dedicated to fermented product collection separately at the bottom of the can 31 or in the vicinity thereof without using the discharge port.

6). Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the suction valve 50 is closed, the flow path switching valve 63 is switched so that the distiller 5 and the alcohol storage tank 60 are communicated, and the alcohol storage tank 60 and the suction pump 7 are communicated. Thus, the flow path switching valve 69 is switched to close the re-inlet valve 56 and the outlet valve 55. Next, steam from the steam generator 47 is passed through the jacket 33 to heat the can 31, cooling water from the cooling device 46 is passed through the still 5 to cool the still 5, and the suction pump 7 is started. Then, the inside of the can 31 is depressurized, the drive motor 43 is started, the stirring means 40 is rotated to stir the fermented product, and the alcohol 60a generated from the fermented product is distilled (step ST6 in FIG. 2).

  The pressure in the closed fermentation drying tank 3 monitored by the pressure sensor 58 is preferably −70 KPa or less, and the internal temperature of the can 31 monitored by the temperature sensor 44 is, for example, −70 KPa depending on the pressure. In this case, it is preferably in the range of approximately 40 ° C. or more and 60 ° C. or less. In such a state, alcohol vapor can be efficiently generated (for example, under a reduced pressure of −70 KPa, ethanol has a boiling point of 50 ° C. and water has a boiling point of 70 ° C.). Distilled by the distiller 5 (arrow A5 in FIG. 6), becomes liquid alcohol (for example, ethanol) 60a (arrow A6 in FIG. 6), and is collected in the alcohol storage tank 60. In addition, when the vapor | steam temperature monitored with the temperature sensor 59 provided in the inlet_port | entrance of the distiller 5 exceeds 60 degreeC, it can be set as the standard which alcohol collection was completed.

  The alcohol recovery may be completed when a predetermined distillation time is set and the time has elapsed. Or you may determine completion | finish of alcohol collection | recovery together using distillation temperature and predetermined | prescribed distillation time. Further, for alcohol recovery, in addition to using the water level meter 67, the completion may be determined by measuring the water content by measuring the weight (dynamic load) of the can 31.

7). Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the flow path switching valve 63 is switched so that the distiller 5 and the storage tank 61 communicate with each other, and the flow path switching valve 69 is connected so that the storage tank 61 communicates with the suction pump 7. Switch. Next, steam is passed through the jacket 33 so that the temperature in the can 31 monitored by the temperature sensor 44 is, for example, 65 ° C. or more, and the inside of the can 31 is heated, and the sealing is monitored by the pressure sensor 58. The suction pump 7 is operated so that the pressure in the type fermentation drying tank 3 becomes −70 KPa or less (step ST7 in FIG. 2, arrow A2 in FIG. 9).

  In this drying process, the inside of the can 31 is depressurized, and water vapor generated by heating the contents is condensed by the distiller 5 (arrow A5 in FIG. 9) and converted into the distillate 61a to be stored in the storage tank. 61 (arrow A7 in FIG. 9). This drying is completed when a predetermined amount of the distillate 61 a is collected by the water level gauge 67. When the drying is completed, the suction pump 7 is stopped, and either or both of the suction valve 50 and the recharging port valve 56 are opened to return the inside of the can 31 to the normal pressure. The supply of steam from the steam generator 47 is stopped.

  Instead of this, in addition to the water level gauge 67, the drying may be determined by measuring the weight (dynamic load) of the can 31 and measuring the amount of water.

8). Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the drive motor 43 is started and the agitation means 40 is operated so as to collect the contents in the discharge port valve 55. By opening the outlet valve 55, the dried fermented product (fermented and dried residue) is discharged (step ST8 in FIG. 2, arrow A8 in FIG. 10). Further, the alcohol 60a stored in the alcohol storage tank 60 is collected (arrow A9 in FIG. 10), and the distillate 61a stored in the storage tank 61 is discharged (arrow A10 in FIG. 10). In addition, the distillate may be reused not only for discharging but also for adjusting the moisture content of the heating medium and crushed material. The alcohol 60a and the distillate 61a are not limited to the discharging step, and may be appropriately collected (discharged) as necessary.

  In addition, in the above-mentioned seeding process, a pre-drying fermented product that is rich in fermentation activity and contains a large amount of microorganisms, enzymes, mixtures thereof (wet or dried products), or (alcohol) fermenting microorganisms that perform saccharification and fermentation as fermentation materials. However, as shown in FIG. 11, a culture apparatus 80 (such as a jar fermentator) equipped with a culture tank 81 and a stirrer 82 is provided as a raw material, and the fermentation material is used as a raw material. The culture medium may be cultivated in the apparatus 80, and this culture solution may be introduced through the re-injection port valve 56 or the input port 35 disposed in the re-injection hopper 56a, for example, via the fermentation material addition route means 83. In addition, the said water adjustment process and a seeding process can also be performed simultaneously by adding culture solution itself to a crushed material.

  According to the first embodiment, in one closed type fermentation drying tank 3, fermentation is performed on organic matter such as organic waste or alcohol raw material crops, and distillation and drying are performed under reduced pressure. Since it is not necessary to move the contents (crushed material or fermented material) of the enclosed fermentation drying tank 3 such as the above-mentioned organic matter during the treatment process, operation management (especially pressure adjustment and temperature adjustment) is easy. Since the operation cost can be reduced and the space can be saved by the sealed fermentation drying tank which is a simple facility, there is an effect that the installation cost can be reduced.

  According to the first embodiment, since the organic matter is fermented and distilled and dried under reduced pressure in one sealed fermentation and drying tank 3, the organic matter is subjected to solid fermentation. Thus, it is possible to obtain a fermented product containing alcohol as a reusable substance and to completely recycle the organic material.

  According to the first embodiment, since the organic substance is adjusted to moisture in one closed fermentation and drying tank 3 and is subjected to solid fermentation, a general liquid (having a very high water content, for example, Compared with the case of performing fermentation in a state of 90% or more), the closed fermentation drying tank can be reduced in size, and there is an effect that a large fermentation tank can be made unnecessary. In general, when alcohol is produced by liquid fermentation, a high-concentration (distillation) waste liquid that requires a separate treatment is generated. In this Embodiment 1, by producing alcohol 60a by solid fermentation, Since the generation of the concentration (distillation) waste liquid can be suppressed, there is also an effect that the cost related to the treatment of the high concentration (distillation) waste liquid can be reduced.

  According to the first embodiment, since the organic matter is adjusted in moisture in one sealed fermentation and drying tank 3, the solid fermentation is performed, and a discharge port 37 for collecting the fermented product is provided. At the end of the fermentation process, the fermented material containing a large amount of fermentation alcohol (alcohol) and rich in fermenting activity is collected from the closed fermented drying tank 3 in the closed fermentation drying tank 3, and this is separated into a closed fermented drying tank in the next organic matter treatment cycle By returning to 3, the active fermented product of the previous cycle can be effectively used as a fermented material while maintaining its activity, and each treatment of saccharification and fermentation with respect to organic matter is performed quickly and efficiently in the next cycle. There is an effect that can be. In addition to the fermented material before drying, for example, microorganisms and enzymes suitable for alcoholic fermentation (wet product, dried product) can be used as appropriate, and stable and efficient production of solid fermentation and fermented distillate is performed. be able to.

  According to the first embodiment, in one sealed fermentation drying tank 3, after adjusting the water content of the organic matter, after solid-fermenting, it is distilled and dried, and a recovery means for recovering the fermented product is provided. Since it is configured, it is possible to recover the fermented material after drying that has been sufficiently reduced remaining in the closed fermentation drying tank at the end of the drying process by this recovery means, and it is possible to effectively reuse the fermented material after drying as a fertilizer. Even if it is a case of processing and disposal, since the amount is sufficiently reduced, there is an effect that it is possible to reduce the work burden and the cost burden.

  According to this Embodiment 1, the cultivation crop which contains many saccharides, such as starch as an alcohol fermentation raw material, can also be used in one sealed fermentation drying tank 3 besides organic waste as an organic substance. Therefore, the saccharification process, which is the previous stage of solid fermentation for the organic matter, can be shortened or omitted, the treatment process can be simplified and shortened, and as a result, solid fermentation can be efficiently performed. There is.

  According to this Embodiment 1, since it comprised so that the distiller 5 might be provided in the one closed type fermentation drying tank 3, generation | occurrence | production of water vapor | steam and alcohol vapor | steam in the closed type fermentation drying tank 3 by which the pressure and temperature were adjusted. Each vapor generated in the still 5 that can be controlled and the distillation temperature is appropriately managed can be efficiently fractionated. Furthermore, in this Embodiment 1, since it comprised so that the alcohol storage tank 60 and the storage tank 61 were provided, it becomes easy to handle the distillate 61a and the alcohol 60a separately, and alcohol (for example, ethanol) is collect | recovered efficiently. There is an effect that it can be carried out. Furthermore, in this Embodiment 1, since the carbon dioxide gas produced | generated by solid fermentation can be fixed by providing a carbon dioxide gas trap, discharge | release to the atmosphere of a carbon dioxide gas can be prevented, and global warming It has the effect of reliably suppressing the emission of carbon dioxide, which is recognized as a greenhouse gas that affects the environment.

  According to this Embodiment 1, since it comprised so that the jacket 33 etc. for temperature control might be provided in the one closed type fermentation drying tank 3, the moisture adjustment performed with respect to organic substance in the closed type fermentation drying tank 3 In addition, there is an effect that appropriate temperature control can be performed through saccharification, solid fermentation, distillation and drying processes.

  According to this Embodiment 1, since it comprised so that the culture apparatus 80 which manufactures a fermented material might be provided in one sealed type fermentation drying tank 3, the fermented material rich in (alcohol) fermentation activity can be ensured stably, It is not necessary to separate the fermented product before drying for each treatment cycle, or to prepare fermentation microorganisms or fermentation enzymes, and it is possible to efficiently produce solid fermentation and fermentation distillate.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 11, in addition to the closed-type fermentation / drying tank, the condensing unit, and the depressurizing unit as essential components, many other components are included. Although the present invention is configured, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and components that can be easily selected by those skilled in the art in this technical field can be included and newly selected. Needless to say, embodiments including other components included in the scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention.

  The fermentation distillation drying system according to the present invention treats organic substances such as organic raw materials, such as alcohol raw material crops and organic wastes that are discarded only, by subjecting them to solid fermentation and distillation drying. Substances that can be reused (effectively utilized) such as dried fermented products can be produced and are very useful. Incidentally, the alcohol collected and recovered can be mixed with, for example, gasoline or the like and used as an alcohol fuel for an internal combustion engine. The discharged distillate can be effectively used to adjust the moisture content of the heating medium and crushed material in the next organic matter treatment cycle. Further, the recovered dried fermented product is sufficiently reduced in weight and easy to handle and can be used as a fertilizer. Furthermore, the carbon dioxide gas generated during solid fermentation is collected by a decompression means, and converted into insoluble calcium carbonate or the like by passing through lime water, for example, and can be used for various applications.

It is a mimetic diagram showing composition of a fermentation distillation drying system by one embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the process performed in the fermentation distillation drying system shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure concerning a raw material injection | throwing-in process among the process steps in the fermentation distillation drying system shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure concerning a moisture adjustment process among the process steps in the fermentation distillation drying system shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure concerning a fermented material input (planting) process among the processing processes in the fermentation distillation drying system shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure concerning a saccharification fermentation process among the processing processes in the fermentation distillation drying system shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure concerning the fermented material fractionation process before distillation drying among the processing processes in the fermentation distillation drying system shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure concerning a distillation process among the process steps in the fermentation distillation drying system shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure concerning a drying condensation process among the processing processes in the fermentation distillation drying system shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure concerning a collection | recovery discharge process among the process steps in the fermentation distillation drying system shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure concerning a closed type fermentation drying tank provided with the culture apparatus among the fermentation distillation drying systems of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Fermentation distillation drying system 3 Sealed fermentation drying tank 5 Distiller (condensing means)
7 Suction pump (pressure reduction means)
31 can (closed fermentation drying tank)
33 Jacket (outer means: temperature control means)
35 inlet 37 outlet (fermented product outlet)
38 Fermented product outlet 39 Re-input port 40 Agitation means 41 Rotating shaft (Agitation means)
42 Stirring blade (stirring means)
43 Drive motor (stirring means)
44 Temperature sensor 45 Heat medium supply means (temperature adjustment means)
46 Cooling device (temperature control means)
47 Steam generator (temperature control means)
48 Supply path (temperature control means)
48a Cooling medium supply path 48b Steam supply path 48c Merge supply path 49 Transport path 50 Suction valve 51 Suction hose 52 Crusher 52a Input port 52b Discharge port 53 Crushed material container 54 Fermented product return channel (fermented product return means)
55 Discharge port valve 56 Refill port valve 56a Refill hopper 57 Gas induction path 58 Pressure sensor 59 Temperature sensor 60 Alcohol storage tank 60a Alcohol 61 storage tank (distillate storage unit)
61a Distilled liquid 62 Liquid guiding path 62a Alcohol branching section 62b Distillate branching section 63 Flow path switching valve 64 Cooling medium supply path 65 Discharge valve 66 Discharge valve 67 Water level gauge 68 Suction path 68a Alcohol side suction path 68b Distillate side suction path 68c Junction part 69 Flow path switching valve 70 Exhaust flow path 71 Deodorizing tower 80 Culture device 81 Culture tank 82 Stirrer 83 Fermentation material addition path means

Claims (4)

  A fermentor having a raw material inlet and a stirrer, an aspirator for sucking the gas in the fermenter, a distiller for distilling the gas sucked by the aspirator, and a liquid obtained by the distiller are stored. In the fermentation distillation drying system comprising a storage tank, the fermenter is a closed-type fermenter / dryer equipped with a fermented product outlet and a temperature adjustment jacket and performing fermentation of raw materials and reduced-pressure drying of the fermented product. Fermentation distillation drying system.   The fermentation distillation drying system according to claim 1, further comprising a crusher for crushing the raw material.   The fermentation distillation drying system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a fermented material is added to the sealed fermentation drying tank. The fermentation distillation drying system according to claim 3, further comprising a culture device for producing a fermented material.

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