JPH10258265A - High speed vacuum drying and fermentation method for organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dry and ferment org. waste at a high speed under vacuum to obtain a fermented product in a medium aged state with moisture content of 15% or less within a short time of 30hr or less. SOLUTION: A process for adding aerobic high temp. fermentation bacteria to org. waste with moisture content of 50-60% and blowing hot air into the waste under atmospheric pressure to perform fermentation at a high speed under heating and stirring and a vacuum drying process performing drying under reduced pressure at a period when fermentation is performed properly are executed to obtain a fermented product with moisture content of 15% or less within a short time of 30hr or less. That is, a process blowing fresh hot air into a vacuum drying and fermentation machine under heating and stirring to rapidly perform fermentation by the action of added aerobic high temp. fermentation bacteria and a vacuum drying process evacuating the vacuum drying and fermentation machine at a period when fermentation is properly advanced to evaporate moisture by a vacuum drying method are continuously performed in the same apparatus.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a water content of 50-60.
% Organic sludge Livestock manure, food residue, fish residue, garbage, and other organic waste (hereinafter referred to as organic matter) is added with an aerobic high-temperature fermenter at 1 atm in a vacuum drying fermenter and heated at atmospheric pressure. After fermentation is performed at high speed while blowing and continuing heating and stirring, drying is performed under reduced pressure to evaporate water to produce fermentation products in a mature state, and to recycle organic matter as fertilizer or feed. The present invention relates to a high-speed vacuum drying fermentation method for organic waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Usually, discharged organic matter often contains 80% or more of water. However, depending on the discharge process, the water content of the organic matter is relatively low, and may be about 50 to 60%. The optimum environment for aerobic fermentation bacteria to decompose and ferment organic matter depends on the temperature and moisture content suitable for the bacteria. Generally, the compatible moisture content is 50 to 60% regardless of the bacterial species, and as in the present invention, when the moisture content of the organic matter is around 50, the fermentation proceeds if the temperature environment suitable for the bacterial species is adjusted. .

In the field of fermentation, organic wastes are decomposed and fermented by a high-speed fermentation method in which high-temperature fermenters such as soil bacteria are added to organic matter and heated to perform fermentation at high speed under aerobic conditions. It is well known that fermented feed is produced by such a method and that the cell product has a composting promoting effect and is useful as a soil conditioner. What is needed in the high-speed fermentation method is the selection of high-temperature fermentation bacteria such as soil bacteria to be used, their decomposition, and the strong fermentation power. It is devised.

[0004] As a conventional method, an organic substance having a high moisture content is dehydrated by a vacuum drying method to adjust the moisture content to a suitable ratio. A system for performing an aerobic high-temperature fermentation step by devising a fermenter is known. However, there is no knowledge about a system that uses a vacuum dryer to directly perform an aerobic high-temperature fermentation process of organic matter, and switches to vacuum drying in the same machine to obtain a dried fermentation product by dehydration. Absent.

[0005] Further, an organic waste having a moisture content suitable for fermentation is used as a raw material, aerobic high-temperature fermentation bacteria are added thereto, and warm air is blown into a vacuum drying fermenter while stirring and heated to 1 atm. Under the process of performing high-speed fermentation below, the organic material is decomposed and fermented. At the same time, the moisture in the raw material also evaporates, so that the moisture in the raw material decreases after a predetermined fermentation step. When the water content of the organic matter is reduced to 30% or less, the progress of fermentation is slowed down, and the state in which the evaporation of water due to heating is only occurring slowly is brought about.

[0006]

Even after the water content of the organic substance has become 30% or less, warm air is blown in and further heated at 1 atm to gradually dehydrate and dry the dried medium-ripened fermented product. In order to obtain, a considerably long heating step was required.

According to the present invention, after the step of performing high-speed fermentation of raw material organic matter by the action of high-temperature fermenters by blowing hot air at 1 atm, the same vacuum is continuously and continuously transferred without transferring fermentation products. A high-speed vacuum drying and fermentation method for organic waste is obtained in which the inside of the dry fermenter is depressurized and dewatered by a vacuum drying method to obtain a fermentation product in a medium-ripened state with a moisture content of 15% or less in a short time within 30 hours. To provide.

[0008]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an aerobic high-temperature fermenter is added to an organic waste having a moisture content of 50 to 60%, and hot air is blown under atmospheric pressure. It consists of a step of performing fermentation at high speed while maintaining the temperature and stirring, and a vacuum drying step of drying under reduced pressure when fermentation proceeds appropriately. The present invention constitutes a high-speed vacuum drying fermentation method for organic waste to obtain a fermentation product in a mature state. That is, fresh warm air is blown into the vacuum drying fermenter while continuing heating and stirring, and the fermentation is rapidly performed by the action of the added aerobic high-temperature fermentation bacteria. A vacuum drying step of evaporating moisture by a vacuum drying method without depressurizing the inside of the drying fermenter is performed continuously by the same apparatus.

According to the present invention, by using a vacuum drying fermenter having a horizontal U-shaped cross section, the cross section of the container becomes U-shaped, and the height of the box-shaped portion above the radius of the lower semicircular portion is higher. Since it is long, the filling amount per batch can be doubled. That is, in the case of a normal cylindrical section vessel, the actual capacity is 50% of the empty tower capacity.
In contrast, in the case of the straight cylindrical capacity as in the present invention, the actual filling capacity of nearly 100% is possible as compared with the cylindrical capacity, and the evaporating area is increased and the size is smaller than the capacity. Large capacity processing is possible in a container. Regarding the raw material stirring, inside the vacuum drying fermenter, left and right symmetric stirring blades are fixed to the same rotation axis from two types of centers having different rotation radii and different torsion angles. The raw material is moved from the center to both ends by the inner stirring blade having a small rotation radius, and is moved to the center while the outer raw material is raised by the outer stirring blade having a large rotation radius. By repeating the operation in which the material approaching the center is moved to both ends again by the inner blade, even when the stirring blade is completely buried in the raw material, the whole raw material is constantly stirred and aerated without leaving any stirring. Therefore, aerobic fermentation proceeds. In addition, the product after the fermentation and vacuum drying processes is completed can be completely discharged by rotating the stirring blade.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A schematic flow sheet of the present invention is specifically shown in FIG. The outside of the vacuum drying fermenter 1 is covered with a heat transfer jacket 15 for heating, and the outside is completely insulated and kept warm.
The operation is performed under reduced pressure of about mmHg, and the water is boiled and evaporated while the raw material is stirred under heating at about 55 ° C., and the water content in the raw material is reduced to an appropriate state in a short time. Further, the evaporated water vapor is connected to a cyclone 11 for capturing the product powder that is partially scattered when the processing raw material is in a dry state via an intake / exhaust pipe 6, and then the exhaust system is connected to a condenser. The cooling water is cooled by the cooling water 12. The water vapor evaporated here returns to the water and is separated from the exhaust system by the drain tank 13.
The amount of exhaust gas that passes through the vacuum pump without passing through is very small.

For example, sake discharged from the fermentation industry,
There are many types of organic substances having a moisture content of about 55%, such as shochu shochu, soy sauce moromi mash, rice confectionery, bread manufacturing waste, and seasoning manufacturing waste liquid. The step of fermenting such a raw material is performed under atmospheric pressure. While blowing hot fresh air of 50 to 80 ° C. into the raw material from the blower 7 and the blowing pipe 10 with the high-temperature fermentation bacteria added to the raw material in the vacuum drying fermenter, the temperature is reduced to about 80 ° C. by the heat transfer jacket 15 of the dryer. , And high-speed fermentation is performed while the rotation of the stirring blade 2 is continued. The fermentation of the raw material proceeds in a short time, and a fermentation product in the middle-ripening state during the fermentation is obtained.

Stopping the fermentation process after a predetermined fermentation process has elapsed while the moisture content in the raw material organic material does not become 30% or less, and switching the vacuum drying fermenter from room temperature to reduced pressure, etc., are calculated in advance by a table calculation. Automatic switching is performed by setting, and automatic operation can be performed continuously for all processes.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Preferred Embodiment FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a vacuum drying fermenter used in the embodiment and its flow. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main body of the vacuum drying fermenter, and FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the main body of the vacuum drying fermenter. FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of the stirring blade, and FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of FIG.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an input port 4 for an organic material is provided at an upper portion of a main body 1 of a U-shaped horizontal vacuum drying fermenter having a capacity of 800 liters. An outlet 5 for removing the later product is provided. In addition, the upper part of the main body 1 is provided with suction and exhaust ports 6 and 6 for the blown hot air and the evaporated water vapor during the fermentation step, as well as a reduced pressure suction port during the vacuum drying step. A warm air blowing pipe 10 during the fermentation step is provided in an upper inner part of the main body 1 to introduce warm air into the closed main body and to blow warm air toward the raw material from a plurality of outlets 16 to heat the raw material. . As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a stirring rotary shaft 3 for constantly stirring the filling material penetrates the inside of the main body 1 of the vacuum drying fermenter, and the rotary shaft 3 A drive motor (not shown) is connected by a deceleration sprocket or the like. The rotating shaft 3 is provided with a ribbon-shaped stirring blade 2 for efficiently stirring the raw material. The stirring blade 2
The left and right reverse windings are installed and spirally wound around the rotating shaft 3, and the input raw material is mixed by the stirring blades 2 at the lower part of the main body 1, is moved by the central part, and moves apart. Repeat to mix evenly. Further, a heat transfer jacket 15 is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the main body 1 so that steam or warm water for heating the filling material is connected to the boiler 9 and passes therethrough. If necessary, in order to efficiently heat the organic material, the inside of the rotating shaft 3 and the stirring blade 2 may be hollow to allow steam or hot water to pass therethrough.

Sake lees discharged from sake production (moisture ratio 53
%) 400 kg and commercial A as soil fungus for fermentation
40 g of bacteria (8961, Iriyamabe, Matsumoto-shi, Nagano, Uchijo Bacteria) were introduced into the main unit through the inlet 4, and the stirring blade 2 was rotated at a speed of 2 rpm to uniformly stir and mix. A
The bacterium is a soil bacterium containing 3 × 10 ⁸ spores (Pacillus sp.), Actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, etc. in 1 g, and in an environment having a moisture content of 40 to 60% under aerobic high temperature. Strong biochemical decomposition and fermentation progress.

1.02 k in the heat transfer heat exchanger 15
The sake cake is heated while being stirred through steam at a pressure of about 100 ° C. at a pressure of g / cm ² . The inside of the machine is set to atmospheric pressure, and at the same time, hot air of 80 ° C.
Spray from 0 on the raw material organic material. In the fermentation step, stirring at 2 rpm and steam heating by the outer heat transfer jacket 15 were continued as they were. The temperature of the raw material organic matter was increased by blowing hot air, and the temperature reached 65 ° C. after 2 hours.

[0018] In the optimal activity environment of bacteria A, sake lees are fermented and decomposed, and proteins and the like in the sake lees are converted into amino acids.
The fermentation and evaporation of water proceeds at a higher temperature at a higher temperature, but the temperature of the organic material is reduced by 75% to avoid deterioration of the organic material due to heating.
C. was controlled. Therefore, the outer heating by the jacket 15 was stopped from the middle stage of the fermentation. In this way, after 7 hours from the fermentation step, the blowing of warm air was stopped, and the procedure shifted to the vacuum drying step. Moisture content in organic matter 7 hours after fermentation is 34.5%
Met. Start the vacuum pump and suction the inside of the machine to about -66
The pressure is reduced to 0 mmHg. The product temperature of the fermentation raw material reached about 55 ° C. due to rapid transpiration of water. A vacuum drying process was performed for 10 hours while continuing the heating and stirring at 3.5 rpm, which accelerated the heating and stirring through the outer jacket, to obtain 220 kg of a dry fermented state sake mash having a moisture content of 9.2%.

This product is a fermented sake lees in the middle-ripening state during fermentation by soil bacteria (A-bacterium A). Table 1 shows the analysis values of feed components, and Table 2 shows analysis values as fertilizer components. The analysis method is based on a general feed analysis method and a fertilizer analysis method.

[0020]

[Table 1]

[0021]

[Table 2]

As can be seen from Table 1, this fermented sake lees has a high crude protein content and a low fat content, and thus is useful as a feed. When used as a fertilizer raw material, carbon ratio (C / N ratio) is used as an index of maturity due to fermentation of compost.
As a result of the measurement, it is generally said that the carbon ratio of compost that can be reduced to the soil with the progress of composting with ease is less than 20,
As shown in Table 2, the effectiveness of this product as a fertilizer was confirmed.

The product contains a large amount of cells by metabolism of soil bacteria, and is useful as feed or fertilizer. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a vacuum drying process is performed continuously in addition to a fermentation process, and fermentation and drying of an organic substance can be shortened, and an economically useful microbial cell fermentation product can be obtained.

[0024]

According to the present invention, a fermentation product in a middle-ripening state containing a large amount of cells by metabolism of soil bacteria is obtained, which is useful as feed or fertilizer. In addition, a drying step by a vacuum drying method is continuously performed in addition to the fermentation step, so that fermentation and drying of organic substances can be economically performed in a short time, and a useful cell fermentation product can be obtained.

According to the present invention, fermentation and drying can be continuously performed by the same apparatus using a vacuum drying fermenter, and it is useful as a feed and fertilizer within a short time of about 30 hours, and is of good quality. A fermentation product is obtained, which has a great effect as a method for fermenting and drying organic matter.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vacuum drying fermenter for carrying out the present invention and its flow.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a vacuum drying fermenter main body used for carrying out the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of a rotating shaft and a stirring blade of a vacuum drying fermenter main body.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vacuum drying fermenter main body 2 Ribbon-shaped blade for stirring 3 Rotating shaft 4 Organic material input port 5 Product outlet 6 Intake / exhaust pipe 7 Air blower 8 Steam heat exchange radiator 9 Boiler 10 Hot air blower pipe 11 Cyclone for dust supplement 12 Condenser 13 Drain tank 14 Vacuum pump 15 Heat transfer jacket for heating 16 Outlet

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] January 23, 1997

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claim 2

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0002

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Usually, discharged organic matter often contains 80% or more of water. However, depending on the discharge process, the water content of the organic matter is relatively low, and may be about 50 to 60%. The optimum environment for aerobic fermentation bacteria to decompose and ferment organic matter depends on the temperature and moisture content suitable for the bacteria. Generally, the compatible moisture content is 50 to 60% regardless of the type of bacteria. As in the present invention, when the moisture content of the organic matter is about 50 %, the fermentation proceeds if the temperature environment suitable for the species is adjusted. I do.

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Claims (2)

[Claims] An aerobic high-temperature fermentation bacterium is added to an organic waste having a water content of 50 to 60%, and hot air is blown under atmospheric pressure to perform fermentation at a high speed while continuing heating and stirring. A vacuum drying step of drying under reduced pressure when fermentation has progressed, and obtaining a fermentation product in a moderately mature state with a moisture content of 15% or less in a short time within 30 hours. High-speed vacuum drying fermentation method 2. An aerobic high-temperature fermentation bacterium is added to an organic waste having a moisture content of 50 to 60%, and the organic waste is charged into a vacuum drying fermenter. And a high-speed fermentation step in which warm air of 50 to 80 ° C. is blown in under atmospheric pressure while stirring with a stirring blade, and after a predetermined fermentation step in which the water content does not become 30 or less, the inside of the vacuum drying fermenter is reduced to about 100 mmHg. Depressurize, 50 ~ from hot air blowing pipe
A vacuum drying step of blowing hot air of about 80 ° C. and heating while stirring with a stirring blade to evaporate moisture, and in a short time within 30 hours, a fermentation product in a medium-ripened state with a moisture content of 15% or less is obtained. A high-speed vacuum drying fermentation method for organic waste, characterized in that it is obtained.