KR20040089185A - Fermentation drying method and device thereof of a leftover food - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for fermenting and drying food garbage are provided which are capable of producing a fermented and dried material of high quality through input of low energy. CONSTITUTION: In an apparatus for fermenting and drying food garbage comprising a fermentation drying chamber on which an opening and shutting door for injection and a discharge door(13) are formed, and a rotary agitation shaft formed inside the fermentation drying chamber to agitate the food garbage, the apparatus comprises a combination heating and air guide space part(50) which is formed on a part of the outer circumference of the fermentation drying chamber, and at one side of which first and second air outlets(52,68) are formed; an air pipe(54) which is installed at the front end side of the combination heating and air guide space part, and into which air and heating air are supplied; and a heat exchanger(64) connected to an exit of dust collector(60) and connected to the fermentation drying chamber.

Description

Fermentation and drying method of food waste and its apparatus {FERMENTATION DRYING METHOD AND DEVICE THEREOF OF A LEFTOVER FOOD}

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing fermented dry food compost or composted fermented compost.

As is generally known, food waste is a household waste generated at home or a restaurant, and the food waste is selectively crushed and heated to be fed to a livestock as a wet feed or dried or fermented to be recycled as a compost for cultivating livestock feed or crops. . Wet feed is less used due to high transport volume, inconvenient handling, and the possibility of corruption, but the amount recycled by drying or fermentation is increasing. In the case of dry feed, the drying time is short, but the product is carbonized and the quality of the product is not good, and there is a problem of discarding it again.

In the past, food waste processing devices have been promoted to be processed quickly at low cost, and thus dry products are often disposed of because they cannot be supplied or sold to farms. To solve this problem, the technology of high quality products is emerging again. Therefore, the present invention relates to the construction of a method and apparatus for a fermentation dryer suitable for producing a high quality product so that a product produced with food waste can be utilized well in a farm.

In the conventional fermentation drying method and apparatus, as shown in FIG. 1, the U-shaped fermentation drying chamber 4 in cross section is installed in an inclined shape inside the main body 3 having the input opening / closing door 1 and the outlet 2. The outer peripheral wall of the fermentation drying chamber 4 is provided with a conductive heating tape 5 and an insulating tape 6 to form a heat insulating resin layer 7 in the space between the main body 3 and the fermentation drying chamber 4. Inside the pipe), the rotary stirring shaft 8 on the pipe is laid in parallel with the fermentation drying chamber 4 to be rotated by an actuator (not shown), and the tip of the rotary stirring shaft 8 is connected to a blower (not shown). In addition to the tube and the outer peripheral surface stirring blades (9) are inserted at regular intervals (with a spatula), the air supply pipe 11 and the exhaust pipe 10 is installed in the upper space by the air supply pipe (11) described above Connected to the connection pipe, and the exhaust pipe 10 exposes one end to the outside so that the discharge plate and the filter And connected to the purification deployed ejector 12, the lower portion of the fermentation the drying chamber (4) is to install a discharge door (13).

After putting the food opening and closing door 1 in the state configured as described above, and then rotating the rotary stirring shaft (8) for a predetermined time to rotate the stirring blade (9), the stirring blade (9) to be rotated When the air is supplied to the fermentation drying chamber (4) inside the air supply pipe 11 is supplied, the heat is generated on the heat generating tape (5) side when the air is supplied, the appropriate heat and air supply is made, the heat and air Food waste is fermented and dried as it is properly supplied. After the fermentation treatment of the food waste is discharged by the discharge door 13, the compost or feed discharged by the discharge door 13 can be used properly.

However, in the fermentation drying method and apparatus described above, the heat discharged to the exhaust gas is not recovered, which requires a lot of energy costs, and the pollutants such as odor and dust are excessively discharged into the exhaust gas. In addition, the blades used to stir the mixture in the fermenter had a high power requirement and frequently caused breakdowns. In order to prepare food waste as feed, pigs are heated and sterilized at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes and poultry is heated at 100 ℃ for 1 hour according to the feed management method. As it was operated at about 60 ℃, it was difficult to comply with legal sterilization regulations and to maintain the high quality of microorganisms as much as possible.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fermentation drying method and apparatus for food waste which can produce high quality fermentation dried products with low energy input.

In order to achieve the above object, the fermentation drying method of the present invention, in the fermentation drying method of fermentation drying food waste, the step of dehydrating the food waste into the fermentation drying chamber with an excipient, and inside the fermentation drying chamber Sterilizing and heating at 100 ° C. for 1 hour, and idling after the heating, while maintaining the temperature in the fermentation drying chamber at about 80 ° C. or lower, and adding the spawn into the fermentation drying chamber, the feed had about 30% moisture. The semi-compost until until the fermentation drying up to 50%, and after the step consisting of the step of discharging from the fermentation drying room.

And the fermentation drying apparatus of the present invention is a fermentation drying chamber formed of the input and closing door and the discharge door, and a fermentation drying device formed in the inside of the fermentation drying chamber to stir the food waste, the outer peripheral part of the fermentation drying chamber A heat generation and air guide space portion formed at the first side and the first and second air discharge holes are formed at one end, an air pipe installed at a distal end side of the heat generation and air guide space portion and supplied with air and heating air, and an outlet of the dust collector and The heat exchanger is connected to the fermentation drying chamber as well as connected through a pipe.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional one,

2 is a layout view of an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a front sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a side cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the invention.

<Description of the code used in the main part of the drawing>

4: fermentation drying room 8: rotary stirring shaft

50: heat generating and air guide space 52: first air discharge port

54: air pipe 56: exhaust gas outlet

60: dust collector 64: heat exchanger

68: second air outlet 70: blade

72: heater 74: first blower

76: second blower 80: drive motor

2 to 6, in the fermentation and drying method of food waste generated in homes and businesses, the food waste is used as it is or dehydrated after crushing and then dehydration and quality of the product. Injecting into the fermentation drying chamber (4) with rice bran or rice bran powder, sawdust and the like as an excipient that is easy to maintain (S1), and do not operate the first and second blowers (74,76) and the heater (72) When the band heater 50 'and the rotary stirring shaft 8 are rotated in the state, the mixture inside the fermentation drying chamber 4 is maintained at 100 ° C. for 1 hour and the pigs are sterilized and heated at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes. Step (S2), the rotary stirring shaft (8), the first and second blowers (74, 76) and the heat exchanger (64) in the state in which the band heater (50 ') and the heater (72) are not operated after the heating. The fermentation drying chamber (4) to maintain the temperature of about 60 ℃ or less while the fermentation After inserting the spawn seed which is a beneficial microorganism material for livestock and compost into the drying chamber 4, the feed is fermented and dried to about 15% moisture and the compost is about 50% moisture (S3), and after the step (S3) The step of discharging the finished product in the fermentation drying room (4) (S4).

The above-mentioned excipient is suitable for using rice bran, fine powder chaff, and compost can be used in various ways depending on the type and quality of the product to be prepared, and a mixture of food waste and excipient It is desirable to keep the moisture of about 60% to 65%.

After the seed was added, the feed was fermented and dried by injecting heat of the heater 72 and the band heater 50 'at an appropriate temperature into the fermentation drying chamber 4 in order to maintain 15% moisture and 50% compost. Will be.

And live feed can be used independently, but can also be used in combination with the general formula feed, corn and soybean meal and fermentation may be used in the finished product properly mixed. The semi-composted compost is produced by using dehydrated cake that dehydrates the raw materials of food waste and elutes moisture and salt. The product is discharged by fermentation and drying after heating and sterilizing at about 50% of moisture. For example, the soft-boiled compost can be transported to farms and used in fruit trees, crops, or mixed with livestock.

On the other hand, the apparatus of the present invention, the opening and closing door (1) and the discharge door (13) is formed on the upper and lower sides, the food waste, etc. are put into and discharged, and formed inside the fermentation drying chamber (4) In the fermentation drying apparatus consisting of a rotary stirring shaft (8) for properly agitating the received food waste, formed on a portion of the outer periphery of the fermentation drying chamber (4), the first and second air outlets (52, 68) on one side A heat generation and air guide space portion 50 formed with an apparatus capable of introducing warm air into the fermentation drying chamber 4, a band heater 50 ′ for varying the temperature of the fermentation drying chamber 4, and The air pipe 54 is installed in the longitudinal direction of the fermentation drying chamber 4 at the front end side of the heat generating and air guide space 50, and the air and heating air is uniformly supplied to the upper portion of the fermentation drying chamber 4; It is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 56 formed through the pipe 58 to be sucked The dust collector 60 collects foreign substances in the air, and is connected to the heat pipe type heat exchanger 64 through an outlet of the dust collector 10 and a pipe 62 to condense moisture in the waste gas, and the heat exchanged air is discharged. , 70% of the amount of fresh air sucked in the heat pipe type heat exchanger 64 is fermented by heat insufficient for fermentation through the connection pipe 66 ′ connected to the first blower 74 to the heater 72. Through the air pipe 54 and the heating and air guide space 50 of the drying chamber 4 is introduced into the first air discharge port 52, 30% into the fermentation drying chamber 4, the second air discharge port 68 at the bottom. The blowing pressure of the second blower 76 is introduced into the fermentation drying chamber 4 through the connecting pipe 66 to be connected.

In the outer periphery of the rotary stirring shaft 8 to form a spiral blade 70, the blade 70 is rotated in a clockwise direction so that the mixture of food waste and heated air can be mixed well The mixing of the mixture and the heating air is done in the horizontal and vertical directions with low resistance.

In addition, the air pipe 54 is to form an ejection hole 54 'uniformly at equal intervals so that the discharge of air can be made properly, the air pipe 54 is selectively operated at the inlet side of the air pipe (54) A heater 72 is installed to supply heating heat to the 54, and a first blower 74 is installed at an inlet side of the heater 72 to allow air to be pumped to the air pipe 54.

The heated air is discharged to the first and second air discharge ports 52 and 68, and the discharge hole forms a gap through which the air can escape without disturbing the blade 70.

In addition, the heat exchanger 64 is the heat of the air supplied from the dust collector 60 is transmitted to the opposite side of the heat pipe, the cold air sucked in the opposite side is exchanged, so that the humid air condenses to reduce the odor and dust in the humid air automatically It is discharged to the outside.

The second air discharge port 68 is connected to the end of the outlet pipe 66 of the heat exchanger 64 and installed in the fermentation drying chamber 4 to supply the recovered and preheated mixed hot air through the second air discharge port 68. To dry.

In addition, by installing a band heater 50 'on the lower outer circumferential surface of the fermentation drying chamber 4 can be used selectively, the pipe 66 is to be installed below the center side reference of the fermentation drying chamber 4, the air pipe Hot air supplied through the (54) flows into the first air outlet (52) through the heat generating and air guide space 50 formed in the lower portion of the fermentation drying chamber (4) to rotate the stirring shaft (8) of the fermentation drying chamber (4). ) Hot air is mixed in the same direction as the rotation direction.

In order to ferment and dry the food waste in the state configured as described above, the food waste and excipients are first put into the opening and closing door 1, and the mixture is loaded with the blade 70 by operating the rotary stirring shaft 8 when the input is made. After the agitation of the food waste is made appropriately, after the input of the food waste is made, only the band heater 50 'is operated and the heater 72 and the first blower 74 are stopped so that the mixture is maintained at 100 ° C. or 80 ° C. for a predetermined time. Heat sterilization. After sterilization, the band heater 50 'and the heater 72 are stopped and the first and second blowers 74 and 76, the dust collector 60, and the heat exchanger 64 are operated to maintain the mixture at 60 ° C, which is optimal for fermentation drying. Lower the temperature.

When the mixture lowered to 60 ° C. falls below 60 ° C., the air heated by the heater 72 warms and heats the bottom of the fermentation drying chamber 4 to maintain the temperature of the mixture at 60 ° C. continuously. The heating air moved to the heat generating and air guide space 50 is to heat the inside of the heat generating and air guide space 50 and to heat the inner surface of the fermentation drying chamber 4. The air heated by the part 50 and the fermentation drying chamber 4 moves inside the heat generating and air guide space 50 to the first air discharge port 52 and is discharged into the fermentation drying chamber 4. The heating air moved into the fermentation drying chamber (4) is to remove the moisture of the mixture while moving the entire region inside the fermentation drying chamber (4), the wet air generated in the fermentation drying chamber (4) is the first, second blower (74, At the discharge pressure of 76, the gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust gas outlet 56, the dust collector 60, and the heat exchanger 64. Fresh air is discharged through the heat exchanger 64 to the first and second air discharge ports 52 and 68 of the fermentation drying chamber 4 at the suction pressure of the first and second blowers 74 and 76, so that the mixture is fermented and dried. It is converted into dry state in a short time by the temperature of 4) and the discharge of wet air.

When the fermentation and drying is made, the feed is to maintain the water at about 15%, the compost is to maintain the 50% to open the discharge door 13 so that the finished product is produced. The finished product is a user can be used independently or mixed with other products according to the type of livestock, semi-composting can also be used in a variety of mixed ripening.

On the other hand, the mixture inside the fermentation drying chamber (4) is heated sterilization automatically by the operation of the timer and the temperature sensor, during the fermentation drying air is automatically heated by the operation of the humidity sensor and timer installed inside the fermentation drying chamber (4). And waste heat is recovered.

Except for the above embodiment, it is possible to use a variety of food waste and excipients of various moisture contents using the present invention. Heat supply method of the fermentation drying chamber (4) Also, if appropriately processed air inlet installed in the top and bottom of the fermentation drying chamber (4) can be used a variety of heat sources such as steam or heat medium.

By using the food waste fermentation drying method and apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to rotate and stir the food waste with less power, and thus, the energy cost is low, and all the air introduced is heat recovered by the heat exchanger, thereby reducing energy costs. .

In addition, by introducing air into the bottom as well as the top of the fermentation drying chamber has a feature that can significantly reduce the fermentation drying time.

In order for the heat exchanger to operate optimally, the exhaust gas is collected in advance to maintain the efficiency of the waste heat recovery device, and the waste heat recovery device condenses moisture in the exhaust gas so that a significant amount of odor and dust are automatically reduced.

And although it is operated for a long time at medium temperature without heating at high temperature, the device meets the legal heat sterilization standard by heat sterilization at the beginning, and effectively heat sterilizes the medium in which microorganisms are cultured, and then fermented and dried under optimum conditions by putting beneficial microorganisms. Feed or semi-compost can be prepared. In particular, when dehydrated foods are used in the production of semi-manure compost, the salt concentration can be stably adjusted to less than 1%.

Claims (9)

In the fermentation drying method of fermentation and drying food waste, the step of dehydrating the food waste into the fermentation drying chamber (4) with an excipient (S1), and maintaining the inside of the fermentation drying chamber (4) at 100 ℃ Sterilization and heating step (S2) for about 1 hour, and the idle after the heating while maintaining the temperature inside the fermentation drying chamber (4) to about 80 ℃ or less after the seed is introduced into the fermentation drying chamber (4) the feed is moisture The fermentation drying method of the food waste, characterized in that consisting of the step (S3) to the fermentation drying up to 50% up to about 30%, and the step (S4) discharged from the fermentation drying room (4) after the step (S3). . In the fermentation drying apparatus consisting of a fermentation drying chamber (4) having an input opening and closing door (1) and an discharge door (13), and a rotary stirring shaft (8) formed inside the fermentation drying chamber (4) to stir food waste, A heat generation and air guide space 50 formed on a part of the outer circumference of the fermentation drying chamber 4 and having first and second air discharge ports 52 and 68 formed on one side thereof, and the heat generation and air guide space 50. Is installed on the front end of the air pipe 54 is supplied with air and heating air, the heat exchanger 64 connected to the outlet of the dust collector 60 and the pipe 62 and connected to the fermentation drying chamber (4) Fermentation drying device of food waste, characterized in that consisting of. The method of claim 2, Fermentation drying apparatus for food waste, characterized in that to form a spiral blade 70 on the outer periphery of the rotary stirring shaft (8). The method of claim 2, A heater 72 is installed on the inlet side of the air pipe 54, and a first blower 74 is installed on the inlet side of the heater 72. The fermentation drying apparatus of the food waste. The method of claim 2, The second air discharge port 68 is connected to the end of the outlet pipe 66 of the heat exchanger 64 and installed in the fermentation drying chamber 4 to supply the recovered and preheated mixed hot air through the second air discharge port 68. Fermentation drying apparatus of the food waste, characterized in that the drying. The method of claim 2, Fermentation drying apparatus of the food waste, characterized in that the dust collector 60 is connected to the discharge port 56 of the fermentation drying chamber (4) through a pipe (58). The method of claim 2, Fermentation drying apparatus of the food waste, characterized in that the band heater (50 ') is installed on the lower outer peripheral surface of the fermentation drying chamber (4). The method of claim 5, wherein Fermentation drying apparatus of the food waste, characterized in that the pipe (66) is installed below the center side reference of the fermentation drying chamber (4). The method of claim 2, The hot air supplied through the air pipe 54 is introduced into the first air discharge port 52 through the heat generating and air guide space 50 formed in the lower portion of the fermentation drying chamber 4 to stir rotation of the fermentation drying chamber 4. Fermentation drying apparatus for food waste, characterized in that the hot air is mixed in the same direction as the rotation direction of the shaft (8).