JP2009136202A - Method for producing fuel alcohol from biomass, and apparatus for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method by which disadvantages of conventional solid fermentation are overcome, to rapidly produce alcohol with high yield and a residue which is useful as animal feed, together with alcoholic fuel, is recovered, when the alcoholic fuel is produced by using biomass as a raw material. <P>SOLUTION: A pulverized or a ground material of the biomass raw material is cooked under the conditions of 60-180°C temperature and 0.06-0.2 MPa pressure, regulated to 60-85% moisture content w.b., and then is quenched down to 25-30°C. Rhizopus oryzae or Koji (rice malt) mold and yeast or Zymonas mobilis are then added, to carry out solid fermentation at 10-33°C. The alcohol produced is separated and recovered, to thereby produce the fuel alcohol. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for efficiently producing alcohol for fuel by using biomass as a raw material and performing alcohol fermentation in a solid state without adding water, and a production apparatus used therefor.

  A method for producing fuel alcohol from biomass raw material by alcohol fermentation is known, for example, ethanol produced by culturing clostridium thermocellum I-1-B (Microtechnological Laboratories No. 9510) in a medium containing cellulosic biomass. (See Patent Document 1), bringing biomass into contact with at least one substrate converting enzyme to produce an intermediate, contacting the intermediate with at least one intermediate converting enzyme, A method of converting all intermediates into alcohol (see Patent Document 2), adjusting the starch concentration of crushed garbage, adding a saccharifying enzyme, and cultivating the resulting saccharified water in advance, Zymonas mobilis Method of inoculating bacteria and fermenting alcohol, distilling moromi and recovering ethanol ( Patent reference 3), and the like have been proposed so far.

In the alcohol fermentation process of biomass in these alcohol production methods, the solid content of the biomass is usually adjusted to around 15% of total sugar, then steamed at 80-90 ° C., cooled to 58 ° C., α-amylase and glucose Liquid alcohol fermentation is performed in which amylase is added and then saccharified, cooled to 34 ° C., and yeast is added to ferment to alcohol.
And as a fermentation system in this case, a batch system, a supplement system, a semi-continuous system, a yeast immobilization continuous system, a flash continuous system, and the like are known.

  However, in liquid alcohol fermentation, the time required for fermentation is 75 to 80 hours in a batch system, 13 to 20 hours in a semi-continuous system, and 3 to 8 hours in a yeast-immobilized continuous system. The amount of alcohol produced relative to the raw material is at most 0.35 liters per kg.

  In addition, these liquid alcohol fermentation methods focus on the production rate of alcohol and do not consider reduction of input energy, so heat energy after mixing biomass raw material with water and heating energy of alcohol distillation from the product liquid In addition, there is a drawback that the amount of drying energy consumed when collecting animal feed from residues is increased. Moreover, there also exists a fault of requiring a fermenter 10-20 times the volume with respect to a raw material.

  In contrast, in solid fermentation, there is an advantage that the volume of the fermenter is about 1.5 times that of the raw material, but the oxygen in the air present in the solid is anaerobic conditions necessary for alcoholic fermentation. In addition, it takes a long time to ensure the above, and in the case where a large amount of raw material is processed by starch saccharification and alcohol fermentation with yeast, it is difficult to quickly bring it into an anaerobic state.

JP-A-6-54694 (Claims and others) JP-T-2005-523689 (Claims and others) JP 2007-111590 A (Claims and others)

  The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of conventional solid fermentation, using biomass as a raw material to produce an alcohol fuel, and produces alcohol quickly and in high yield. It is made for the purpose of providing the collection method and its manufacturing apparatus.

And as a result of various studies on the method of producing fuel alcohol from biomass raw materials, the present inventor has found that the solid fermentation method is suitable in consideration of reduction of energy consumption and utilization of residues after alcohol recovery. As we have found, in order to achieve this, the following issues are met: (1) Sterilization of raw materials during fermentation can be performed reliably, and sterilization of various bacteria during fermentation is possible and stable anaerobic conditions are maintained. In order to remove the metabolic heat generated during fermentation, the structure that can always keep the material temperature around 30 ℃, and the structure that can be taken out in a sterilized solid residue after distillation of alcohol from the fermentation product Designing a fermenter with
(2) expediting oxygen present in the voids produced when the pulverized raw material is filled in order to accelerate the fermentation and improve the alcohol yield, and rapidly promote fungal saccharification and alcohol fermentation;
(3) In order to promote saccharification, retain moisture suitable for the growth of straw and mold, maintain oxygen at a low level, control the progress of saccharification by mold, and maintain the activity of yeast and zymonas To prevent alcohol from lowering the pH due to the organic acid produced,
Need to be resolved.

  In addition to this, in order to maintain a state suitable for immobilization and utilization of carbon dioxide generated by solid fermentation, distillation suitable for feed of alcohol distillation residue, and livestock feed, 15% w. b. It is desirable to consider the method of drying to the following moisture.

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor has conducted extensive research,
(1) The use of plant tissues with high sugar or starch content such as seeds, foliage and rhizomes or food residues as biomass raw materials,
(2) The biomass raw material is pulverized or ground, and the water content of this pulverized product or ground product is adjusted to 60 to 85% w. b. And adjusting the amount of water while hydrolyzing with sterilization and saccharification with steam or superheated steam at 110 to 180 ° C.,
(3) Reducing the temperature of the raw material during the moisture adjustment to 10 to 36 ° C. using a refrigerant produced by recovering carbon dioxide generated by alcohol fermentation and compressing it with a high-pressure gas compressor;
(4) Add slaked lime or quick lime sterilized with superheated steam for pH adjustment to the cooled raw material, inoculate koji mold, spider mold or yeast to this, and (5) reduce bulk density, between pulverized products In order to reduce the amount of oxygen in the voids and promote anaerobic fermentation, it has been found that it is necessary to consolidate the raw material of (4) above into a lump or pellet, and based on this finding, the present invention is made. It came.

  That is, in the present invention, a pulverized or ground biomass material is steamed under the conditions of a temperature of 60 to 180 ° C. and a pressure of 0.06 to 0.2 MPa to obtain a water content of 60 to 85% w. b. And then rapidly cooling to 25-30 ° C., and then adding Kumonosukabi or Neisseria gonorrhoeae and yeast or Zymonas bacteria, solid fermentation at 10-33 ° C., and separating and recovering the produced alcohol A method for producing fuel alcohol, a cylindrical silo having an upper surface formed at a biomass feedstock inlet, a lower surface formed at a drain, a plurality of cooling carbon dioxide injection holes on a side surface, and a water vapor introduction hole at a lower position; It was composed of a cooler placed in contact, an alcohol rectifying tube arranged in communication with the inside of the silo at the top of the silo, and a silo unloader for taking out the residue attached to the bottom of the silo. A fuel alcohol production apparatus characterized in that: a biomass feedstock inlet on the upper surface, a drain on the lower surface, and a plurality of cooling dioxides on the side surface; A rectangular silo having an elementary injection hole and having a water vapor introduction hole disposed at a lower position inside, a cooler disposed in contact with the outer surface of the upper surface, and an alcohol refiner disposed in communication with the inside of the silo at the upper part of the silo. The present invention provides a fuel alcohol production apparatus comprising a retention tube and an attached silo unloader for taking out residues connected at the bottom of a silo.

  In addition, in order to effectively use the alcohol distillation residue by-produced by the above method or carbon dioxide generated by alcohol fermentation, a dryer or a feed production device connected to the silo unloader, hydrogen is mixed with carbon dioxide. It is necessary to attach a methanator that reacts with a metal catalyst or methane bacteria.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail.
Biomass used as a raw material in the method of the present invention is a substance derived from a natural product containing cellulose and / or starch, for example, gramineous plants such as rice, sorghum, milo, corn, sugar cane, canna, taro, This includes rhizome plants such as sweet potatoes and potatoes, and foliage and seeds such as wheat. These are preferably green crops that are harvested when they are maximized in terms of starch. In addition, fractionated and collected starch-based food residues can also be used.

  In the method of the present invention, these biomass materials are pulverized or ground to a size of 100 mm or less, and steam or superheated steam is produced under conditions of a temperature of 60 to 180 ° C. and a pressure of 0.06 to 0.2 MPa. Steamed and used to sterilize the biomass raw material at 60-85% w. b. Adjust to. This is then cooled as quickly as possible using chilled carbon dioxide or dry ice.

  After cooling, if necessary, add slaked lime or quick lime in the range of 0.001 to 5 mass%, adjust the pH, mix with microorganisms necessary for fermentation, perform consolidation with a roller or pelletizer, and make it into a lump or pellet Mold. The pressure at this time is preferably 0.06 to 0.15 MPa. As microorganisms used in this case, for saccharification, Kumonskabi, black koji mold or yellow koji mold is used, and for alcohol fermentation, yeast, Zymonas mobilis or Clostridium thermocellum is used.

Next, the fermentation material formed into the above-mentioned lump or pellet is put into a vertical or horizontal silo for fermentation. The carbon dioxide generated by this alcohol fermentation is recovered, cooled, or converted to dry ice to remove the heat of fermentation generated during solid fermentation, and the temperature of the biomass raw material is maintained at 10 to 30 ° C. In this way, by maintaining the fermentation temperature at 10 to 30 ° C., fermentation conditions can be determined according to changes in the type of raw materials used, and alcohol can be generated by fermentation for 7 to 90 days. .
In order to improve the filling rate of the culture medium in the silo, pelletization is effective. In the case of a lump, flake, or powder, it is advantageous to use a weight roller for compaction.

  As a biomass solid state fermentation method, the present inventor previously used a solid biomass raw material formed into pellets in an acid fermentation zone in which outside air was introduced and maintained at an oxygen concentration of 0.01 to 5.0%. Acid fermentation is performed under semi-aerobic conditions, and then the above solid biomass raw material pellets are compressed and densified to remove oxygen present between the particles therein, and then transferred to the methane fermentation zone, under anaerobic conditions. Has been developed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-26206), but this method can also be used in the consolidation step of the present invention.

  Next, in the case of solid fermentation of the present invention, mixed alcohol fermentation using microorganisms capable of simultaneously performing saccharification and alcohol, for example, Rhizopus oryzae, Zymonas mobilis, Clostridium thermocellum, as microorganisms. Is preferred. In addition, for raw materials with many fibers such as food residues, mixed culture with Zymomonas bacteria by Trichoderma reesei is preferred as a cellulase-secreting bacterium.

  The progress of fermentation in the method of the present invention is determined by measuring the alcohol concentration or oxygen concentration mixed in carbon dioxide used for temperature control of the fermenter by gas chromatography, visible rays, near infrared rays, or infrared spectroscopy. Manage reaction conditions.

  Generally, the end point of solid alcohol fermentation is difficult to understand, but since it can be estimated from the alcohol concentration contained in carbon dioxide circulating in the fermenter, it is judged from the result of this estimation and the alcohol concentration obtained from the moromi sample. Steam is blown from a pipe arranged near the bottom of the tank, and steam is distilled to recover alcohol.

  Next, steam distillation is continued until the alcohol concentration of the mash reaches 0.1 to 0.2%, and further drying is continued until the moisture of the mash becomes 30 to 35% with superheated steam, and then taken out from the silo. Then, it is dried by a normal thermal dryer, and used as feed, for example.

Next, the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an example of the method of the present invention. In this figure, an agricultural product A harvested in a field is pulverized as a biomass raw material mixed with a starch-based residue B which is separated from food residues. After passing through the step 1, the steaming step 2 and the cooling step 3, it is sent to the inoculation step 4 and further pelletized in the compacting step 5 and processed in the fermentation step 6, and then the ethanol produced in the distillation step 7 is separated. Furthermore, it is stored 13 through a rectification step 12.

On the other hand, the distillation residue is pelletized 9 to obtain a dry feed through the drying step 8, or sent to the closed storage step 11 through the cooling step 10 and stored as silage feed.
The feature of solid fermentation is that after the raw materials are charged, the fermentation material is confirmed to be fermented in fermentation step 6 and can be distilled by supplying steam directly into the fermenter. It is different from fermentation.

  FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing a solid silo fermentation apparatus of a vertical silo, and the raw material A is input from a raw material input port 21 by a bucket elevator (not shown) and is subjected to alcohol fermentation. The carbon dioxide generated during this time is discharged from the upper part of the silo, cooled by the carbon dioxide cooling device 23 disposed on the upper surface of the silo, and then ejected into the silo from the ring-shaped carbon dioxide injection pipe 22 disposed on the side surface of the silo. Used to remove moromi fermentation heat. 24 is a pressure pump for circulating the carbon dioxide at this time.

The condensed water generated during the circulation is returned to the lower part of the silo from below the steam inlet pipe 26 by a pump. Distillation is performed with steam or superheated steam supplied from the steam introduction pipe 26, and the generated alcohol is concentrated in the rectification column 27 and recovered as concentrated ethanol, and the condensed water is extracted through the drain pipe 28, for example, methane fermentation Liquid fertilized and used as fertilizer.
On the other hand, the distillation residue is discharged by the silo unloader 29 and used as a fertilizer raw material.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure in the horizontal silo. The structure and action are almost the same as in the case of the vertical silo, and the biomass material input from the material input port 21 is subjected to alcohol fermentation in the silo. Is done. The carbon dioxide generated during the fermentation is circulated by the pressure pump 24 through the carbon dioxide cooling device 23 and injected into the silo from the ring-shaped carbon dioxide injection pipe 22 disposed on the side surface of the silo. Used for removal. Condensed water generated during the circulation is returned to the lower part of the silo in the same manner as described above. Distillation and rectification of produced ethanol, discharge of condensed water from the drain, and utilization are performed in the same manner as in the case of the vertical silo.
In this apparatus, the carbon dioxide circulating in the silo is checked by the infrared spectrophotometer 30 at any time, the alcohol concentration or oxygen concentration therein is measured, and the alcohol fermentation conditions are managed. This condition management can also be performed by collecting a carbon dioxide sample at any time and performing gas chromatography analysis. This makes it possible to rationalize the end point of fermentation that has relied on conventional intuition.

  The main analysis wavelength of alcohol concentration by this spectroscopic method enabled concentration analysis by performing multiple regression analysis on the spectral intensity of three wavelengths of 0.8, 1.7, 2.1 or 2.3 μm. This method is already known for different spectral wavelengths (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-75341).

  The apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is a batch fermentation method in which water vapor is sent from the bottom of the silo at the same time as the alcohol fermentation is completed, and the alcohol is steam distilled as it is. The residue obtained by distilling alcohol using water vapor or superheated water vapor is taken out from the lower part of the silo by a silo unloader 29, dried or cooled, and then stored in a sealed or transporting resin film container to be silaged and provided as livestock food.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing how to use surplus carbon dioxide. The surplus carbon dioxide D separated from the alcohol C by the alcohol separator 31 is mixed with hydrogen gas or synthesis gas E to form a catalyst layer or methane. The methane that is sent to the fermenter 32 and generated is stored in the gas holder 34 via the cooler (or dehumidifier) 33.

  The fuel alcohol solid-state fermentation apparatus of the present invention is a solid fermentation method in which the raw material moisture is adjusted to 60 to 70% with superheated steam and inoculated mainly with cellulose-assimilating bacteria. After distilling moromi after alcohol fermentation by pelletizing the inoculum material, using carbon dioxide generated during alcohol fermentation as a heat medium for temperature control in the alcohol fermentation tank The water content of the residue is reduced, the energy required for drying can be kept low, and there is an advantage that it can be supplied as livestock feed with high moisture as silage without drying.

  Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  Moisture 20-25% w. b. A rice-cutted rice is crushed with a cutter to a length of 20 to 25 mm as it is with leaves and ears, and koji monokabi (Rhizopus genus) and wild yeast are sterilized, and distilled water is added to 40% w. b. After being adjusted to become moisture, it is put into a 1 liter polyethylene container, and the inside air is evacuated, the inside air is purged, carbon dioxide is introduced and the headspace air is purged, and about 5 at room temperature of 10 to 20 ° C. Fermented for months. As a result, 0.9% was obtained as the alcohol concentration of moromi.

  Of the food residue, the starchy material from which the rice ball exterior film was removed by a fractionator was steamed for 20 minutes using steam at a pressure of 95 ° C. and a pressure of 0.06 MPa, and cooled (moisture 35-40% w.b.). To this, Aspergillus niger and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were added, mixed, and fermented using a vertical cylindrical silo (2 liter) fermenter sterilized with alcohol at 30 ° C. for 10 days. A portion of the moromi after fermentation was steam distilled at 90 ° C. to obtain about 30% alcohol. The alcohol concentration of the moromi before steam distillation reached 8-9%.

  In Example 2, 1.5 liters of mash after fermentation was transferred to another cylindrical silo (2 liters) while maintaining anaerobicity by blowing carbon dioxide, mixed with 200 ml of liquor, and re-fermented for 10 days. It was. The moromi alcohol concentration reached 19-20%. It was confirmed that this was an effective method for re-fermentation when alcohol fermentation did not reach the end point.

  The cut green corn and the green chopped milo are mixed at a ratio of 1: 1, disinfected with superheated steam at 120 ° C. and 0.16 MPa, and the water content is 60% w. b. Heat to the front and back, and after cooling, add pellets of Aspergillus oryzae and liquor, mix and make pellets 6 mm in diameter and 20 mm in length with a pelletizer sterilized with alcohol. And purged with carbon dioxide and fermented at 30 ° C. for 10 days. The alcohol concentration of moromi reached 10%, and steam distillation was performed at 70 ° C. to obtain an alcohol concentration of 40 to 42%.

  Wheat flour is added to the green cuttings of Koryan, the water content is adjusted to 55-60%, sterilized with water vapor at 105 ° C and 0.01 MPa for 15 minutes, cooled to 30 ° C with dry ice, and mixed with Kumonosukabi. After pelletizing, filling a 2 liter container with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 20 mm and replacing the air with carbon dioxide, it was sealed and fermented for 30 days and 30 days. Thereafter, an equal amount of water was added in the mass of moromi and distilled at 110 ° C. under atmospheric pressure to obtain an alcohol concentration of 30%. When this was subjected to low pressure distillation at a temperature of 60 ° C., an alcohol concentration of 75% was obtained.

  Rice for feed is blue-cutted in a hole, and after pulverization (water content around 80% w.b) is steamed with superheated steam at 125 ° C. and 0.2 MPa, when the water content becomes 65-70%, from dry ice Cool with the generated carbon dioxide, inoculate Clostridium spp., Then make a pellet with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 20 mm, put 6 kg into a double 10 liter thick polyethylene film container, Was replaced with air and fermented at 20 ° C. for 1 month. The moromi alcohol concentration was around 10%. After the alcohol was distilled by atmospheric distillation, the mash was cooled with dry ice, then put again into the polyethylene container used for fermentation and left at 20 ° C. for 1 month. I fed this to dairy cows and ate them without problems.

  1 kg of canna containing stem vegetables is cut into 50 to 70 mm, placed in a spouted bed, steamed with superheated steam at 120 ° C. and 0.2 MPa, and moisture 60% w. b. Lower it back and forth, blow in carbon dioxide at room temperature, cool to 30 ° C, add 2% slaked lime by mass, inoculate it with Clostridium bacteria as inoculum, and this is 6mm in diameter and 20mm in length The pelletized size is put into a 1 liter disinfected plastic jar, the air is replaced with carbon dioxide, it is kept warm in an incubator set at 34 ° C., taken out after 10 days, and an equal amount of water is added. The corn was 6% alcohol. When this was put into a low pressure steam distillation apparatus and distilled at 60 ° C., an alcohol concentration of 60% was obtained. The residue after distillation was dried to 13%, pellet feed was prepared, and the palatability of beef cattle was observed, and there was no particular problem.

  Also cut 1 kg of sweet potato containing stems and leaves into 40-50 mm, put it in a spouted bed, cook with 120 ° C., 0.2 MPa superheated steam, water 65% w. b. Lower it back and forth, blow in carbon dioxide at room temperature, cool to 30 ° C, add 1% slaked lime by mass, inoculate it with Clostridium spp. As an inoculum, which is 6mm in diameter and 20mm in length The pelletized size is put into a 1 liter disinfected plastic jar, the air is replaced with carbon dioxide, it is kept warm in an incubator set at 32 ° C., taken out after 15 days, and an equal amount of water is added. The moromi was 8% alcohol. When this was put into a low-pressure steam distillation apparatus and distilled at 60 ° C., an alcohol concentration of 65% was obtained. When the residue after distillation was dried, it was dried to 13%, pellet feed was prepared, and the palatability of beef cattle was observed.

The beer wheat is mowed in a hole and ground (water content around 80% wb) is left at 30 ° C. for 12 hours and then steamed with 125 ° C. and 0.2 MPa superheated steam to obtain a water content of 65-70. When it is reduced to 50%, it is cooled with carbon dioxide generated from dry ice, and Kumonskabi fungus and Clostridium spp. Are inoculated into it, and then a pellet with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 20 mm is made to make a 10 liter thick About 6 kg was put into a doubled polyethylene film container, and the air was replaced with carbon dioxide, followed by fermentation at 20 ° C. for 1 month.
The moromi alcohol concentration was around 12%. When the alcohol was distilled by atmospheric distillation, an alcohol concentration of about 20% was obtained. The mash after the distillation was cooled with dry ice, then stored again in the polyethylene container used for fermentation, and left at 20 ° C. for 1 month. When this was fed to beef cattle and palatability was observed, there was no particular problem.

  After cutting 1 kg of pomace from the fruit juice factory that is squeezing the mandarin orange into 40-50 mm, putting it in the spouted bed, adding 20 g of slaked lime powder, adjusting the pH, mixing well, then 125 ° C, 0 Steamed with 2MPa superheated steam, moisture 60% w. b. After lowering back and forth, blowing in carbon dioxide at room temperature, cooling to 30 ° C., inoculating black bacillus and clostridium bacteria as inoculum, and pelletizing them with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 20 mm, Place in a sterilized 1-liter polyethylene square fermenter, replace air with carbon dioxide, and control the oxygen concentration in the carbon dioxide in the fermenter to be set to 34 ° C while controlling to 0.05-0.2%. The mash was kept warm in the incubator, taken out after 40 days, and the same amount of water was added to the mash. When this was put into a low-pressure steam distillation apparatus and distilled at 60 ° C., an alcohol concentration of 8% was obtained. The residue after distillation was dried and then dried to 13%, and a pellet feed was prepared by adding a small amount of molasses and crushed wheat, and the palatability of beef cattle was observed, and there was no particular problem.

  A mixed gas of 4 moles of hydrogen and 1 mole of carbon dioxide was passed through a Ni—Cr catalyst maintained at 400 to 500 ° C. in an electric furnace to obtain methane having a purity of 95 to 98%. Although this reaction rate was 2 to 5 times higher than that using methane bacteria as a biocatalyst, there was a drawback that the input energy was increased.

  While blowing carbon dioxide from the lower part of the horizontal square fermenter of Example 10, the mash was moved to another square fermenter, and the liquor mixed with 10 mg / kg of cellulase was moved to 2% of the mass of the mash. Was sprayed with a sprayer and re-fermented. After 10 days, the moromi alcohol concentration reached 7%.

  Alcohol for fuel can be efficiently obtained from biomass raw material, and the distillation residue can be used as a material for fertilizer and feed. Therefore, it is useful as a biomass utilization technique.

The flow sheet which shows an example of this invention method. The longitudinal cross-section explanatory drawing of the vertical silo system solid fermentation apparatus of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the horizontal silo system solid state fermentation apparatus of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the utilization method of surplus carbon dioxide.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing process 2 Steaming process 3 Cooling process 4 Inoculation process 5 Consolidation process 6 Fermentation process 7 Distillation process 8 Drying process 9 Pelletization 10 Cooling process 11 Sealed storage process 12 Refining process 13 Storage 21 Raw material inlet 22 Ring-shaped carbon dioxide Injection pipe 23 Carbon dioxide cooling device 24 Pressure pump 25 Pipe line 26 Steam introduction pipe 27 Rectification tower 28 Drain pipe 29 Silo unloader 30 Direct visible / near infrared spectrophotometer 31 Alcohol separator 32 Catalyst layer or methane fermentation apparatus 33 Cooling (Dehumidifier)
34 Gas Holder

Claims (11)

  The pulverized product or ground product of the biomass raw material is steamed under conditions of a temperature of 60 to 180 ° C. and a pressure of 0.06 to 0.2 MPa to obtain a moisture content of 60 to 85% w. b. And then rapidly cooling to 25-30 ° C., and then adding Kumonosukabi or Neisseria gonorrhoeae and yeast or Zymonas bacteria, solid fermentation at 10-33 ° C., and separating and recovering the produced alcohol A method for producing fuel alcohol.   The fuel according to claim 1, wherein 0.001 to 5 mass% of slaked lime or quicklime is mixed with the pulverized product or ground product, the pH is kept neutral, and steaming is performed at a temperature of 60 to 180 ° C and a pressure of 0.06 to 0.15 MPa. A method for producing alcohol.   The method for producing fuel alcohol according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rapid cooling is performed with dry ice or cooled carbon dioxide.   The method for producing fuel alcohol according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein after the rapid cooling, the raw material is formed into a lump or pellet and the subsequent treatment is performed.   The method for producing fuel alcohol according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is carried out while removing fermentation heat.   6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction conditions are controlled while monitoring alcohol concentration and oxygen concentration mixed in carbon dioxide produced by fermentation by gas chromatography analysis or visible ray, near infrared ray or infrared absorption spectrum analysis. A method for producing fuel alcohol according to claim 1.   The method for producing fuel alcohol according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a step of mixing hydrogen with carbon dioxide generated by alcohol fermentation and methanating with a metal catalyst or methane bacteria.   A cylindrical silo having an upper surface formed at the biomass feedstock inlet, a lower surface formed at the drain, a plurality of cooling carbon dioxide injection holes on the side surface, and a water vapor introduction hole at a lower position, and an outer surface of the cylindrical silo are disposed. And a silo unloader for taking out the residue attached to the bottom of the silo and an alcohol rectifying tube disposed in communication with the inside of the silo at the top of the silo. Alcohol production equipment.   A rectangular silo with a biomass feedstock inlet on the upper surface, a drain on the lower surface, a plurality of cooling carbon dioxide injection holes on the side, and a water vapor introduction hole at the lower position inside, and an outer surface on the upper surface. The fuel is characterized in that it is composed of a cooled cooler, an alcohol rectifying tube arranged in communication with the inside of the silo at the upper part of the silo, and an attached silo unloader for taking out the residue connected at the bottom of the silo. Alcohol production equipment.   10. The fuel alcohol production apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising gas analysis means.   The fuel alcohol production apparatus according to claim 8, 9 or 10, wherein a drier is connected and a feed production apparatus in the form of powder or pellets is additionally provided.

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