KR20220095948A - Low-pressure heated evaporative type excrements treatment unit and Methods - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-pressure heated evaporative type excrement treating device and a method capable of facilitating drying with less energy through drying technology by vacuum and evaporation; and reducing costs and improving an environment by self-producing and supplying heat sources for drying. The low-pressure heated evaporative type excrement treating device by the present invention comprises: an excrement storing unit (10) which stores excrement; a preheating unit (20) which preheats the excrement received from the excrement storing unit; a drying unit (30) which dries the excrement passing through the preheating unit; a heat pump (40) which produces high-temperature heat and supplies the same to at least one of the preheating unit and the drying unit; a vacuum unit (60) which makes the drying unit into vacuum; a condensing unit (70) which collects water vapor included in gas discharged through the vacuum unit and condenses the water vapor with condensed water; a pellet molding unit (50) which molds the excrement passing through the drying unit into a pellet shape; and a boiler (80) which produces the heat sources by burning pellets molded through the pellet molding unit or other fuels, and supplies the heat sources to at least one among the excrement storing unit, the preheating unit, and the drying unit.

Description

Low-pressure heated evaporative type excrements treatment unit and methods

The present invention relates to manure treatment, and more particularly, to a low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment apparatus and method that can be dried with little energy through a drying technique by vacuum and evaporation, and that produces and supplies a heat source for drying by itself. it's about

This section provides background information related to the content of the present application and is not necessarily prior art.

The table below shows the approximate amount of manure generated by each individual in the process of rearing livestock such as cattle, pigs, chickens, and ducks in large scale.

division Korean beef pig chicken Manure generation (kg/head, number) 14.6 kg 4.2 kg 0.12 kg

Due to the high concentration of organic matter, the processing technology is complicated, and the resulting processing cost is excessive, some of the manure is discharged as it is or is discharged without being safely treated, aggravating very serious environmental pollution. Moreover, small-scale farms are experiencing considerable difficulties due to the excessive cost for excreta treatment.

The moisture content of manure is 74.2% based on the pig breeding pig (106.7kg), and the moisture content in the urine is 97.6%, and it is confirmed that most of the amount is water.

The manure generated in this way is composted or composted in the kennel, or if it is difficult to process the entire amount, it is taken out and processed.

However, there was a problem in that it was difficult to manage the environment in the process of in-house processing, or a large amount of processing cost was required in the case of outsourcing, which inevitably caused management difficulties in livestock farms.

Due to this problem, there have been various technologies and prior patents for solidifying the manure of some livestock to be used as fuel, but they have not been put to practical use or commercialization.

The biggest difficulty is that there is no evaporation means that can effectively remove the moisture, which accounts for 80~90% of the manure, so it takes a lot of time in the drying process and requires a large space for the configuration of the drying device.

After all, secondary pellet processing is attempted at a moisture content of around 20% by drying in open land near the livestock, or the separated urine is stored in a separate storage tank and then taken out while paying a high processing cost.

Therefore, by immediately processing the manure produced every day at livestock farms on the day of production to enable pellet processing that can be converted into solid fuel, so that the manure treatment can be efficiently and economically done, as well as improving the odor environment around the livestock The need for technological development was high.

As a patent document that can confirm the background technology of the present invention, for example, Patent Registration No. 10-1703490 discloses: a sludge storage tank for storing and supplying livestock manure and organic sludge; Sawdust hopper to put sawdust or rice husk; a first mixer for mixing the materials inputted from the sludge storage tank and the sawdust hopper while stirring; a first fermenter for fermenting the material transferred from the first mixer; a dryer for drying the material fermented in the first fermenter; It is configured to include a molding machine for molding a solid fuel from the material dried in the dryer, and the composting production facility in the system includes: a livestock manure storage tank for storing and supplying livestock manure; Sawdust hopper to put sawdust or rice husk; a second mixer for mixing the materials inputted from the livestock manure storage tank and the sawdust hopper while stirring; a second fermenter for fermenting the material transferred from the second mixer; a pre-fermentation tank for secondarily fermenting the material fermented in the second fermenter; It consists of a compost sorter that removes foreign substances from the compost fermented in the incubator and sorts the compost, and collects water vapor and gas generated in the first and second fermenters, sucks it with a first blower, and blows it with a washing condenser, , the heat generated in the washing condenser is circulated while warming the bottom of the dryer through the condensate pipe to dry the solid fuel material, and the liquid fertilizer (液肥) is configured to be sprayed on the compost being fermented in the fermented tank.

Registered Patent No. 10-1703490

The present invention is to solve the problems as described above, and it is possible to dry with little energy through a drying technique by vacuum and evaporation, and a low-pressure heating evaporative manure treatment apparatus and method for self-producing and supplying a heat source for drying Its purpose is to provide

A low-pressure heat evaporation type manure treatment apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a manure storage unit for storing manure; a preheating unit for heating the manure supplied from the manure storage unit; a drying unit for drying the manure that has passed through the preheating unit; a heat pump for supplying heat to at least one of the preheating unit and the drying unit; a vacuum unit for creating a vacuum in the drying unit; a pellet forming unit for molding the manure that has passed through the drying unit into a pellet form; It is characterized in that it comprises a conveying unit for conveying the molded pellets through the pellet forming unit.

According to the low-pressure heat evaporation type manure treatment apparatus and method according to the present invention, there are the following effects.

It produces heat source and electricity for drying manure and pellets on its own, and the facility is compact so that it can be processed inside the livestock, so it is possible to improve the environment around the livestock and reduce the investment cost and environmental pollution treatment cost for the construction of a separate facility. can

And, there is an effect of reducing greenhouse gas emission by using biomass of pellets produced from manure.

In addition, it is possible to reduce the consumption of tap water or groundwater by the farmer by recycling the condensed water generated in the process of manure treatment and pellet forming, so it helps farmhouse management and has the effect of reducing greenhouse gas emissions due to water supply or groundwater production.

In addition, it contributes to reducing the cost of manure treatment and reducing greenhouse gases by using geothermal heat.

According to the present invention, organic matter such as food waste containing moisture can be dried, and methane gas is produced through the fermentation of pellets, thereby contributing to the supply of combustible fuel to rural areas.

1 is a block diagram of a low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a detailed view of the boiler and related configuration applied to the low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a view showing a generator and related configuration applied to the low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which the heat pump applied to the low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment apparatus according to the present invention uses a heat source other than geothermal heat.

In the following description of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related well-known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. And, the terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to intentions or customs of users and operators. Therefore, the definition should be made based on the content throughout this specification.

As shown in FIG. 1, the low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment apparatus according to the present invention includes a manure storage unit 10 for storing manure, a preheating unit 20 for preheating the manure, and a drying unit 30 for drying the manure. , a heat pump 40 for supplying heat to one or more of the preheating unit 20 and the drying unit 30, a pellet forming unit 50 for processing the manure dried through the drying unit 30 into pellets, drying The part 30 or the pellet forming part 50 is made of a vacuum part 60 for creating a vacuum atmosphere, and the condensing part 70 , the boiler 80 , and the steam turbine generator 90 are further included.

The manure storage unit 10 can be of any type (eg, a manure storage tank) in which the manure is stored therein, and is configured together with the transporter 11 to input the manure and supply the stored manure to the preheating unit 20 . do.

The transporter 11 is capable of all methods of transporting the manure stored in the manure storage unit 10 .

The preheating unit 20 is to prevent a decrease in drying efficiency due to a high moisture content of the manure when directly drying the manure stored in the manure storage unit 10, and a transporter for transferring the manure stored in the manure storage unit 10 ( 11) is supplied with manure, and the manure is preheated using heat.

The preheating unit 20 uses the heat produced by the heat pump 40 alone as the preheating heat source 21, the heat produced by the boiler 80 alone, mixes the two heats, and preferably sets the preheating temperature. 60~75℃.

The preheating unit 20 may be configured inside the manure storage unit 10 or separately installed outside the manure storage unit 10 so that a certain amount of manure per hour can be preheated while moving at a constant speed, but the preheating unit 20 The transfer speed can be adjusted according to the size of the amount of heat supplied to the plant and the amount of manure transferred.

The preheating unit 20 includes a configuration of a supply unit for supplying the preheated manure to the drying unit 30 , and the supply unit includes, for example, a pump, a supply pipe, and a spray nozzle 22 .

The drying unit 30 is configured to dry with high temperature heat while transferring the preheated manure through the preheating unit 20 in a closed space blocked from the outside so that the vacuum is not broken, and the drying chamber 31, the drying chamber 31 It is installed inside and includes a dry transfer machine 32 for transferring the manure supplied through the spray nozzle 21, and a dry heat source 33 for drying by applying high-temperature heat to the manure transferred through the dry transfer machine 32. .

The drying chamber 31 is configured to have an enclosed space inside, and it is preferable that the drying transporter 32 is installed only inside rather than inside and outside, and in the portion communicating with the outside for supply and discharge of manure. It is configured not to break the vacuum, and includes a heat insulating layer so that the drying heat inside is not released to the outside.

The drying chamber 31 is configured to be connected to the vacuum unit 60 .

On the other hand, the drying unit 30 may be installed in the form of a round, circular or quadrilateral drying plate, and the manure supplied to the drying plate is supplied and spread over the heated drying plate, thereby making drying easier. The drying plate is installed with a rotating or sliding forward and backward pusher to push the dried manure toward the hopper.

The drying transporter 32 is composed of a drying conveyor made of a mesh or rubber plate or a cylindrical drying roller, and is driven in the sealed drying chamber 31 to transport or mix the manure and heat from the drying heat source 33 and the contact area of the manure. make it wide

The drying heat source 33 supplies drying heat by using the heat produced by the heat pump 40 alone, by using the heat produced by the boiler 80 alone, and by mixing the two heats.

Of course, the heating of the preheating unit 20 is heated to around 60° C. using a turbo heat pump or a general Freon type heat pump to obtain high thermal efficiency (COP) and supplied to the drying unit 30 As a heat source, by using a heat pump using CO2 gas as a refrigerant, the temperature of the manure is raised to 70℃ or higher so that active water evaporation is achieved in a vacuum state.

The drying unit 30 may include a drying hopper 34 at the outlet side of the drying transporter 32 in order to supply the manure discharged through the drying transporter 32 to a subsequent process.

The heat pump 40 uses geothermal heat as a heat source to produce a high-temperature heating medium and supplies the heat of the heating medium to the preheating unit 20 and/or the drying unit 30, and both open and closed types are possible, for example For example, by excavating a geothermal hole 41 , a pumping pump 42 and a geothermal circulation pipe 43 are installed, and heat of the groundwater pumped through the geothermal circulation pipe 43 is recovered to produce high-temperature heat. The underground water passing through the heat pump 40 is configured to return to the geothermal hole 41 .

As described above, when a heat pump using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant is used, the heat pump 40 produces heat at a maximum of about 70 ° C. and supplies this heat to the preheating heat source 21 and the drying heat source 33, For example, the circulation pipe is connected so that the heating medium directly circulates the preheating heat source 21 and the drying heat source 33 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , the heat pump 40 is not limited to using only geothermal heat, and it is also possible to drive the heat pump 40 using the heat of a separate heat generating device 44 .

The heat generating device 44 generates heat of the same or similar temperature as the temperature supplied from geothermal heat, and the heat source may be an air heat source, electricity, gas, etc., but in the present invention, it is also possible to be a boiler 80 . In addition, waste heat generated in the boiler 80 may be used or residual heat of the preheating unit 20 may be used.

The heat generating device 44 is connected to the heat exchanger of the heat pump 40 through the heat circulation pipe 45 .

The thermal circulation pipe 45 and the geothermal circulation pipe 43 are each configured to be able to be opened and closed through a valve.

The pellet forming unit 50 includes a forming chamber 51 , a chopper forming machine 52 , a pellet conveyor 53 , and a pellet hopper 54 .

The molding chamber 51 is configured in a closed type to allow the pellets to be molded in a closed space with the outside.

The chopper molding machine 52 molds the manure supplied from the drying hopper 34 in the form of pellets. The manure transferred by a pump or a screw transfer device is cut into a size suitable for pellet processing by the cutting blade and extruded into pellets through the hole.

The diameter of the pellet is determined according to the diameter of the hole, on the other hand, it is also possible to configure a hole communicating with the outside in the center of the pellet in order to facilitate air communication in the combustion process.

The pellet conveyor 53 transports the pellets molded by the chopper molding machine 52 and supplies them to the pellet hopper 54, and by uniformly transporting the pellets molded by the chopper molding machine 52 without stagnation, the pellet molding unit ( 50) can be prevented.

The pellets (manure pellets) manufactured through the above process are transferred to the packaging machine 55 along the pellet conveyor 53 .

The packaging machine 55 is capable of various products, such as packing the pellets in a sack.

The produced packaging pellets are transported to a separate location and supplied as fuel for boilers for power generation or heating, or they are put into a tank for fermentation with water and aged, then used as aged compost or used as biofuel for methane gas production. .

The vacuum unit 60 is for creating an atmosphere for drying manure at a low drying temperature, and also for vacuum drying using saturated water vapor pressure to induce a boiling phenomenon of water even at a low temperature to cause active evaporation.

The driving device of the vacuum unit 60 is a conventional vacuum pump or a ring unit and a shape and capacity that can form a constant degree of vacuum inside the drying chamber 31 by sucking a large amount of water vapor from the drying unit 30. It can be used if equipped.

In order to boil water under atmospheric pressure, it must be heated above 100°C, and in this case, the most active evaporation occurs. However, to raise the temperature of livestock manure to such a high temperature, there is a problem that a lot of energy must be used, which is uneconomical. It is necessary to lower the water vapor pressure.

When a carbon dioxide heat pump is used, the temperature of livestock manure can be raised to around 70℃, and the vapor pressure at this time is about 0.3077atm.

That is, the vacuum unit 60 creates the inside of the drying chamber 31 under a pressure condition to dry the manure at the temperature of the heating medium produced by the heat pump 40, so that drying is performed at a temperature lower than the normal temperature. The configuration is composed of a hood 61 installed in the drying chamber 31 , and a vacuum pump 62 connected to the hood 61 . Here, when using the calorific value obtained through the combustion of pellets, it is natural that evaporation can be induced at a higher temperature.

The hood 61 is a part that sucks the gas in the drying chamber 31 , and the vacuum pump 62 forcibly sucks the gas in the drying chamber 31 to create a vacuum atmosphere.

The vacuum unit 60 includes a hood 63 installed in the forming chamber 51 so that the pellet forming unit 50 can also be created in a vacuum. The hood 63 is connected to the vacuum pump 62 and the vacuum tube.

The vacuum unit 60 is selectively connected to the drying unit 30 and the pellet forming unit 50 so that simultaneous vacuum and independent vacuum are possible. 50) is connected in parallel with the hoods 61 and 63 through a vacuum tube, and the vacuum tube is opened and closed through a valve, respectively.

The condensing unit 70 condenses the water vapor obtained in the process of exhausting from the drying unit 30 and the pellet forming unit 50 through the vacuum unit 60 , and is connected to the outlet of the vacuum pump 62 and circulates the refrigerant. Consists of a cooler 71 for condensing water vapor through and a condensate tank 72 for storing condensed water cooled by the cooler 71 .

The cooling heat source of the cooler 71 may be a heat source that has undergone separate cooling, but in the present invention, it is possible to use the cooling heat of the low-temperature side heat exchanger of the heat pump 40 as the cooling heat source.

A dehumidifier may be included in the discharge side of the cooler 71 .

The condensed water stored in the condensate tank 72 may be configured to be moved to the storage tank through the activated carbon filtration tank and the sterilizer because odors and the like may remain.

The sterilizer may be applied to an ultraviolet sterilizer or chlorine input sterilizer.

The treated condensate is re-supplied to livestock or used for management purposes such as barn cleaning.

A dust collector 73 and a deodorizer 74 may be included to purify the gas that has passed through the cooler 71 .

The dust collector 73 and the deodorizer 74 are connected in series from the cooler 71 to discharge the deodorized clean gas after dust removal.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the boiler 80 is to generate high-temperature heat using fuel and combustion air, the fuel is preferably based on the pellets produced through the present invention, and oil or gas here In case of starting before pellet production, use oil or gas. For this, the pellet hopper 54 and the boiler 80 are connected through the pellet feeder 81 . The pellet feeder 81 may be a screw type or the like.

Combustion air preferably uses air exhausted through the vacuum pump 62 , the vacuum pump 62 and the boiler 80 are connected by a duct 82 , and the duct 82 is opened through a damper 83 . is regulated

It should be supplied and used through a duct or vacuum exhaust pipe.

That is, the vacuum pump 62 - the air supply port of the boiler 80 - forms a flow by the cooler 71, and at this time, active evaporation is made together with the combustion of the pellets in the boiler 80, and the odor is also burned and reduced. It has the effect of being able to reduce the burden of the dust filter 73 and the deodorizer 74 in the end.

Of course, the air discharged from the vacuum pump 62 by forming a flow through the air inlet of the vacuum pump 62 - the cooler 71 - the boiler 80 passes through the cooler 71 and then is supplied to the boiler 80. It is also possible to be, and in this case, it is possible to reduce the consumption of the pellet calorific value for unnecessary secondary evaporation of water vapor.

The boiler 80 uses high-temperature heat within the present invention and, of course, includes supplying to the outside, and selectively supplies high-temperature heat to the manure storage unit 10, the preheating unit 20, the drying unit 30, etc. is composed

For example, a high-temperature circulation pipe 84 is piped between the boiler 80 and the manure storage unit 10 .

The high-temperature circulation pipe 84 is piped so that a high-temperature heat medium passes through the manure stored in the manure storage unit 10 .

In addition, when configured to supply high-temperature heat to the preheating unit 20 , the high-temperature circulation pipe 85 may be branched from the high-temperature circulation pipe 84 and connected to the preheating unit 20 .

The high-temperature circulation pipes 84 and 85 are preferably opened and closed through a valve so that they can be selectively used.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the steam turbine generator 90 rotates the steam turbine using steam and generates electricity using this rotational force, and is connected to the boiler 80 and the steam pipe 86 .

The generated electricity is supplied to the manure treatment device (heat pump, vacuum pump, conveyor, etc.) of the present invention or sold to a power company, and an inverter and an energy storage system (ESS) are appropriately used in this process.

The low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment method according to the present invention is as follows.

1. Start of operation.

By operating the heat pump 40 to supply heat to the preheating heat source 21 of the preheating unit 20 and supplying heat to the drying heat source 33 of the drying unit 30, the preheating unit 20 and the drying unit ( 30) is prepared and the conveyor, etc. is operated by applying power.

2. Manure storage.

The manure is put into the manure storage unit 10 in the livestock and stored.

3. Warm-up.

The manure stored in the manure storage unit 10 is supplied to the preheating unit 20 , and the manure is preheated using the heat of the preheating heat source 21 .

Although moisture is not dried through this process, evaporation of moisture is activated, thereby increasing drying efficiency during a subsequent drying process.

4. Dry.

The manure passing through the preheating unit 20 is supplied to the drying transporter 32 in the drying chamber 31 of the drying unit 30 .

The drying transporter 32 transports the manure in the drying chamber 31, and in this process, the moisture contained in the manure is dried because the inside of the drying chamber 31 maintains a drying temperature by the drying heat source 33. In particular, the drying chamber 31 is created in a vacuum through the vacuum unit 60, the drying is made at a temperature of 100 ℃ or less.

The gas exhausted to the outside of the drying chamber 31 through the vacuum pump 62 of the vacuum unit 60 passes through the cooler 71 of the condensing unit 70, and at this time, moisture is condensed into condensed water and the condensed water tank It is stored in 72, and the gas is removed from dust while passing through the dust collector 73, deodorized through the deodorizer 74, and then discharged into the atmosphere.

5. Pellet forming.

The dried material is supplied to the chopper molding machine 52 of the pellet molding unit 50 in the drying chamber 31 to be formed into pellets.

6. Boiler operation.

The pellets molded through the above process are supplied to the boiler 80 . The boiler 80 generates high-temperature combustion heat using pellets and combustion air, and supplies this combustion heat to the preheating unit 20 or the drying unit 30 .

7. Evolution.

The steam generated in the boiler 80 is supplied to the steam turbine generator 90 to produce electricity by the rotation of the steam turbine, and the produced electricity is supplied to the equipment in the present invention to be used as electricity or sold to a power company.

10: manure storage,
20: preheating unit, 21: preheating heat source
22: spray nozzle,
30: drying unit, 31: drying chamber
32: dry transfer machine, 33: dry heat source
40: heat pump, 41: geothermal pore
42: pumping water, 43: geothermal circulation pipe
44: heating device, 45: heat circulation tube
50: pellet forming part, 51: forming chamber
52: chopper molding machine, 53: pellet conveyor
54: pellet hopper,
60: vacuum unit, 61, 63: hood
62: vacuum pump;
70: condensing unit, 71: cooler
72: condensate tank;
80: boiler, 81: pellet feeder
82: duct, 83: damper
84,85: high-temperature circulation pipe,
90: steam turbine generator,

Claims (7)

a manure storage unit for storing manure;
a preheating unit for heating the manure supplied from the manure storage unit;
a drying unit for drying the manure that has passed through the preheating unit;
a heat pump for producing high-temperature heat and supplying it to at least one of the preheating unit and the drying unit;
a vacuum unit for creating a vacuum in the drying unit;
a condensing unit for recovering water vapor contained in the gas discharged through the vacuum unit and condensing it into condensed water;
Low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment apparatus, characterized in that it comprises a pellet molding unit for molding the manure that has passed through the drying unit in the form of pellets. a manure storage unit for storing manure;
a preheating unit for heating the manure supplied from the manure storage unit;
a drying unit for drying the manure that has passed through the preheating unit;
a heat pump for producing high-temperature heat and supplying it to at least one of the preheating unit and the drying unit;
a vacuum unit for creating a vacuum in the drying unit;
a condensing unit for recovering water vapor contained in the gas discharged through the vacuum unit and condensing it into condensed water;
a pellet forming unit for molding the manure that has passed through the drying unit into a pellet form;
Low-pressure heating evaporative manure, characterized in that it comprises a boiler for producing a heat source by burning the pellets or other fuel molded through the pellet forming unit and supplying the heat source to at least one of the manure storage unit, the preheating unit, and the drying unit processing unit. The low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the boiler supplies the air exhausted through the vacuum pump of the vacuum unit as combustion air. The low-pressure evaporative manure treatment apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, comprising a steam turbine generator for generating electricity using the steam generated from the boiler. The method according to claim 1, The heat pump, low-pressure heating evaporative manure treatment apparatus, characterized in that for producing heat by recovering geothermal heat or by recovering the heat of the heat generating device. A method for treating low-pressure heating and evaporating manure using the low-pressure heating and evaporating manure treatment apparatus of claim 1,
a first step of starting the operation of the low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment apparatus;
a second step of preheating the manure stored in the manure storage unit of the low-pressure heating and evaporative manure treatment apparatus;
a third step of drying the preheated manure through the second step under vacuum conditions;
Low-pressure heating evaporative manure treatment apparatus method comprising a fourth step of molding the dried material dried through the third step into pellets. A method for treating low-pressure heating and evaporating manure using the low-pressure heating and evaporating manure treatment apparatus of claim 1,
a first step of starting the operation of the low-pressure heating evaporation type manure treatment apparatus;
a second step of preheating the manure stored in the manure storage unit of the low-pressure heating and evaporative manure treatment apparatus;
a third step of drying the preheated manure through the second step under vacuum conditions;
a fourth step of forming the dried material dried through the third step into pellets;
Low-pressure heating evaporative manure treatment apparatus method comprising a fifth step of supplying the pellets molded in the fourth step to the boiler.

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