JPH0767617A - One-batch type organic waste disposal fermentation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a fermentation device useful for treating zoatic waste, having a panel heater in the prescribed area on the outer surface of a fermentation tank and a jacket for allowing the hot air stream of high temperature to pass through to the other area, and by which the fermentation disposal can be rapidly done with high cleaning action. CONSTITUTION:The fermentation tank 1 has a cross-section of a U-shape or a round shape and stirring blades 8 rotatably supported with the horizontal shaft 4 and a hot chamber over the tank 1, and is further equipped with a panel heater 20 on the prescribed area of the tank outer surface, and a jacket 25 for forming a high-temperature air flow path between the tank outer surface is provided in the other area of the tank 1 whereby the fermentation tank can be heated. Thus, during the fermentation and drying, the direct heating with the panel heater 20 and the indirect heating with the high-temperature air flow can be done in parallel or selectively.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a one-batch type fermentation treatment apparatus in which a fermentation treatment product is obtained by carrying out a fermentation process and a drying process in one fermentation tank.
By dramatically increasing the amount of fermentation and drying treatment per batch,
The present invention relates to a one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus which can be rapidly treated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, animal wastes such as abandoned chickens, fish and livestock manure, vegetable wastes, raw garbage, slags, for example, Chinese herbs, beer, squeezed lees, etc., foods, drugs , Organic waste sludge generated from paper mills, etc., or organic waste such as grass lawn and plant waste such as fallen leaves are fermented in one fermentation treatment tank and then dried to fertilize or feed or The present applicant has developed and proposed a one-batch processing type fermentation treatment apparatus for obtaining a soil improving agent and the like.

[0003] Such a fermentation treatment apparatus has a structure in which organic waste is heated and maintained at a predetermined temperature during mixing treatment and is mixed and stirred. The means for heating the organic waste in the fermenter is fermentation. Since the panel heater installed along the outer surface of the tank is used, even if the volume of the fermenter is increased to increase the amount of fermentation treatment at one time, the outer surface of the fermenter is higher than the volume increase rate. The rate of expansion of the area of the panel is small, so there is a limit to the size of the panel heater, and there is a shortage of heat when heating the organic waste corresponding to the increased volume, which increases the processing time. There was still room for improvement.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention proposed in view of the above circumstances, in a one-batch type fermentation treatment apparatus, reduces the amount of organic waste corresponding to the increased volume when the fermentation tank is enlarged. On the other hand, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fermentation treatment apparatus for organic waste, which prevents a shortage of heat during heating, increases the treatment amount by one fermentation treatment, and enables rapid treatment.

[0005]

The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention according to claim 1, which is proposed to achieve the above object, has a U-shaped or circular cross section, A panel heater is attached to a predetermined area of the outer surface of the fermentation tank provided with a mulling chamber on the upper part of the tank body in which a stirring blade supported by a horizontal rotating shaft is rotatably arranged, and fermentation is performed in other areas. A jacket for forming a high-temperature airflow passage is attached to the outer surface of the tank, and a supply part for the high-temperature airflow generated by a heat source other than the panel heater is provided in the lower part of the jacket so that the outer surface of the fermentation tank is heated by the high-temperature airflow. Contact heating can be performed so that direct heating by the panel heater and indirect heating by a high temperature air flow can be performed in parallel or selectively during fermentation and drying.

The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 2 is the one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein kerosene, oil or gas is used as the heat source. A burner is used as a fuel, and a high-temperature airflow generated as a combustion gas is introduced into the upper part of the fermentation tank after passing through the jacket and then exhausted.

The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 3 is the one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tip of the stirring blade is provided. Has a structure provided with a scale adhesion preventing roller. The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 4 is the one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of claim 2, wherein the one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus is introduced into the upper part of the fermentation tank during the drying step. In addition to the combustion gas, which is a high-temperature air stream, the steam in the fermenter is exhausted to increase the dryness of the fermented product.

The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 5 is the one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the fermentation tank is exposed to the outside air during the fermentation step. The fermented product is pressurized by introducing a pressurized gas into the fermenter or filling the gas generated from the fermented product into the hermetically sealed state.

[0009]

In the apparatus of the present invention described in claim 1, the panel heater attached along the outer surface of the fermenter is installed in a predetermined region of the outer surface of the fermenter (for example, when the fermenter is viewed from the U-shaped cross section side). , The outer surface corresponding to the right or left half of the body from the center)
However, the other area (for example, the outer surface corresponding to the remaining half of the body) is configured to be provided with a jacket for passing the combustion gas, the heating air, the steam, and other high-temperature air streams.

Therefore, when heating the organic waste in the fermenter, for example, when a large heating range such as a sterilization process of miscellaneous bacteria is required, a direct heating by a panel heater and an indirect heating by a high-temperature air flow are performed. When heating can be performed in parallel and constant temperature conditions are required such as during the fermentation process, only the panel heater must be operated independently to prevent excessive heating, although quick startup is required during the drying process. If necessary, the heating modes can be changed as necessary, for example, by first performing parallel heating of the both to reach a predetermined temperature and then switching to the independent operation of only the panel heater.

In the apparatus of the present invention according to claim 2, when a burner using kerosene, oil or gas as a fuel is used as a source (heat source) of the high temperature airflow, the combustion gas as the generated high temperature airflow is added to the inside of the fermentation tank. Since the organic waste does not contain water vapor that hinders the water content, the high temperature airflow (combustion gas) after passing through the jacket can be introduced into the fermentation tank to utilize the exhaust heat.

In the apparatus of the present invention as claimed in claim 3, since the scale adhesion preventing roller is provided at the tip of the stirring blade rotating in the fermentation tank so as to be freely rotatable, the organic waste can be disposed on the inner surface of the fermentation tank. Not only is it prevented from adhering to itself, but the organic waste adhering to the inner surface of the fermenter may also burn, which may cause the fermentative bacteria mixed in the organic waste with kogation to heat up and die. To be prevented.

In the apparatus of the present invention according to claim 4, when the combustion gas, which is a high temperature air flow introduced from the jacket into the fermenter, is exhausted to the outside of the fermenter, during the drying step, the exhaust gas and steam in the fermentor are used together. Since it is also removed, the latent heat of combustion and exhaust gas can be effectively used, so that the fermented product can be dried quickly.

In the apparatus of the present invention according to claim 5, during the fermentation step, by introducing a pressurized gas into the fermenter or filling the gas (carbon dioxide etc.) generated from the fermenting bacterium, the inner pressure of the fermenter is increased. Therefore, the permeation of the fermenting bacteria into the organic waste is enhanced to accelerate the fermentation of the organic waste, and the fermentation process is accelerated.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the same, both of which show the internal structure schematically with broken lines. The device of the present invention is a fermenter 1 and a side thereof. It is configured to be integrated with the machine room 2.

The fermenter 1 is made of a metal plate, the inner bottom of which is U-shaped in cross section, the upper part of which is in communication with a material input hopper 3 for inputting organic wastes and the like, and the lower part is a fermentation treatment. 9 for taking out the fermented product after completion of
It is in communication with. If necessary, the hopper 3 is equipped with a crusher so that whole chickens can be thrown in. The outlet 9 is provided with an appropriate opening / closing mechanism (not shown).

In the tank of the fermenter 1, a motor 10 and a speed reducer 11 in the machine room 2 are provided so as to horizontally cross the center thereof.
Is provided with a horizontal rotary shaft 4 which can be rotated in forward and reverse directions. The horizontal rotary shaft 4 has a horizontal rod 7 which is supported by a support rod 5 which radially projects around the horizontal rotary shaft 4. The paddle type stirring blade 8 is thus provided.

In the fermenter 1, when viewed from the side of its U-shaped cross section (see FIG. 2), the outer surface region corresponding to the left half of the body with the outlet 9 at the bottom of the tank as the center extends along the outer surface of the tank. The panel heater 20 is attached inside. As shown in FIG. 3, a temperature sensor 22 for measuring the heat generation temperature of the panel heater 20 is embedded in the panel heater 20, while the organic waste in the fermenter 1 is actually heated. Temperature sensor 2 for measuring actual temperature
3 is attached so as to penetrate from the outer side to the inner side of the fermenter 1, and the proper control for turning on and off the operating condition of the panel heater 20 is performed by the measurement data from both of the temperature sensors 22 and 23. Done. Reference numeral 21 is a heat insulating material.

On the other hand, in the other remaining area (outer surface area corresponding to the right half body in FIG. 2) of the outer surface of the fermenter 1, a path for high temperature airflow is formed between the outer surface of the fermenter 1 and the outer surface. A jacket 25 is attached. A heat resistant material such as a burner tile or a refractory brick is attached to the insertion port of the burner 26 at the entrance of the jacket 25 to protect it from the flame generated by the burner 26. Also, jacket 25
A burner 26 that uses kerosene, oil (A heavy oil, waste oil, etc.) and gas (city gas, LPG, etc.) as fuel is provided in the lower part of the, and a high-temperature airflow as combustion gas generated from the burner 26 By being sent into the jacket 25, it is possible to indirectly heat the organic waste and the like in the fermenter 1.

The jacket 25 may be integrally provided by the outer surface of the fermenter 1 and an exterior material provided so as to surround the outer surface of the fermenter 1, and the burner 26 may be provided outside the jacket 25 (the device of the present invention). Separate) and introduce only the combustion gas into the lower part of the jacket 25, or instead of the combustion gas by the burner 26,
It is possible to introduce high-temperature steam or heated air generated from a boiler (not shown) or the like into the lower part of the jacket 25 as a high-temperature air stream.

On top of the jacket 25, the jacket 2
A connecting curved pipe 27 for guiding the high temperature airflow after passing through 5 to the upper part in the fermentation tank 1 is provided, and the combustion gas as the high temperature airflow is introduced into the fermentation tank 1 through the connecting bending pipe 27. It is supposed to be done. As a result, waste heat can be utilized, and organic wastes and the like in the fermenter 1 can be quickly heated, but such a measure uses a burner 26 that uses kerosene, oil, or gas as a heat source. It is effective only in the case, and when using high-temperature steam generated from a boiler (not shown) or the like, the moisture content of the organic waste and the mixed gas atmosphere in the fermenter 1 may be disturbed, which is not desirable. . The high temperature airflow introduced into the fermenter 1 is exhausted from the exhaust stack 28.

As shown in FIG. 4, the jacket 25 is formed on the outer surface of the fermenter 1 rather than the area occupied by the panel heater 20.
When the take-out port 9 is arranged to be slightly slanted from the center of the bottom of the fermenter 1 as a distribution in which the occupation area of the fermenter is overshot, the work of taking out the fermented product after completion of the fermenting process becomes easy, and The leg 30 for holding the tank 1 in the raised state is advantageous in that it can be shortened.

The tip of the stirring blade 8 is the fermenter 1.
A gap of about 10 to 15 mm is formed between the bottom curved surface of the support rod 5 and the bottom curved surface of the support rod 5, and as shown in FIG. A roller 6 having a large inner diameter is held in a loose fit. Therefore, the roller 6 can scrape off the adhered organic waste when the organic waste adheres to the inner surface of the fermenter 1 as the stirring blade 8 rotates. Not only can the scale be prevented from adhering, but the organic waste attached to the inner surface of the fermenter 1 can be prevented from causing kogation to heat the fermenting bacteria.

Partition wall 12 between the fermenter 1 and the machine room 2
The blower 15 in the machine room 2 on the side facing the inside of the fermenter 1.
An air outlet 16 connected to the air outlet 16 is provided, and an exhaust port 17 is provided on the outer wall of the fermentation tank 1 at a diagonal position of the air outlet 16. An on-off valve (not shown) is provided at each of the air outlet 16 and the exhaust outlet 17, and the fermenter 1 can be hermetically closed when it is necessary to keep the inside of the fermenter 1 in a sealed state. In addition, since the fermenter 1 has a U-shaped cross section, when an organic waste or the like is put into the fermenter 1, an extra space is formed above the rotation region of the stirring blade 8. The surplus space is used as a mullification chamber for retaining the generated gas (carbon dioxide) generated by the fermentation action of the fermenting bacteria mixed in the organic waste. However, it is said that the fermenter 1 may have a circular sectional shape (not shown), and in this case, a surplus space such as a semicircle or a rectangle is formed above the circular tank. It should be a muro room.

Next, the operation of the apparatus of the present invention will be described according to the processing procedure of fermentation processing. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of a fermentation treatment procedure. In the first pre-fermentation treatment step, organic waste to be treated is used as a secondary material such as rice, bran, bran, and sawdust to adjust the moisture content. Fermenter 1 with water
It is thrown in and the mixture is mixed and sterilized to sterilize the organic waste and bacteria in the auxiliary materials. Here, the auxiliary material has a function of adjusting the water content and also an effect of facilitating the attachment of the fermenting bacteria to itself and promoting the fermentation of the organic waste.

In this sterilization treatment, since it is necessary to heat the mixed treatment product such as organic waste to a temperature close to 100 ° C. at a stretch, the indirect heating by the burner 26 is performed and the high temperature air flow (600 after passing through the jacket 25). ~ 700 ℃)
Are introduced into the fermenter 1. If necessary, the panel heater 20 may be directly heated in parallel.

After the pre-fermentation treatment step is finished, the fermenting bacteria are added and the muro-treatment step is started. That is, after stopping the burner 26, a large amount of air is introduced into the fermenter 1 to cool the mixed treatment product to a temperature (40 to 50 ° C.) at which fermentative bacteria are not killed. Then, a predetermined weight ratio (for example, about 0.2% by weight) of the fermentation bacterium is added to the mixed processed product, and the fermentation bacterium has an optimum fermentation temperature (40 to 6) for the next muro conversion treatment.
Mixing and stirring are performed while maintaining (about 5 ° C.).

Direct heating by the panel heater 20 is sufficient to maintain the optimum fermentation temperature, and the panel heater 20 is controlled to be turned on and off as necessary. In the mulling process, the mixing and stirring of the mixed processed product and the operation of the panel heater 20 are both stopped, and the air is not sent in, and the inside of the fermentation tank 1 is shut off from the outside air. The mixed treatment product is exposed for a predetermined time in an atmosphere filled with carbon dioxide and steam generated by fermentation of the bacterium. As a result, the fermenting bacteria not only grow rapidly, but also the hardness of the surface of the mixed treatment is loosened, and the fermenting bacteria can easily penetrate.

Next, when the fermentation treatment step is started, the mixed treatment product in the fermenter 1 is again subjected to the optimum fermentation temperature (40 to 65) of the fermenting bacteria.
C.) and slowly mix and stir while replenishing water for adjusting the water content. Such operation is continuously performed until the fermentation progresses sufficiently over the entire mixed treatment product. In this case, the temperature is maintained by the panel heater 20.

During the fermentation treatment, the protein in the organic waste is converted into free amino acids, so that carbon dioxide is generated and the carbon dioxide is filled in the fermentation tank 1. By measuring the pH value of an object,
Although the end of fermentation may be determined, if there is accumulated control data, it may be programmed to cause automatic control operation. In addition, when this fermenting process requires about 12 hours, it is advisable to perform an unmanned operation from the evening to the next morning.

In this fermentation treatment step, when the fermenter 1 has a circular cross section, the opening / closing valves (not shown) of the air outlet 16 and the exhaust port 17 are closed to make the inside of the fermenter 1 sealed. By increasing the internal pressure of the fermenter 1 by sending an appropriate pressurized gas into the fermenter 1 or filling the gas (carbon dioxide etc.) generated from the fermenter with the permeation of the fermenter. Therefore, the fermentation process can be further accelerated.

In the drying process after the fermentation treatment process, in order to improve the heat transfer efficiency, first, direct heating by the panel heater 20, indirect heating by the burner 26, and further from the jacket 25 into the fermenter 1 are carried out. While introducing the combustion gas in parallel, mixing and stirring are performed at a speed that is 2 to 5 times faster than the mixing and stirring speed at the time of fermentation treatment to improve the heat transfer efficiency. The water content of the fermented product is 2
The burner 26 was stopped from the time when the amount of water became 0% by weight or less, and the moisture content of the panel heater 20 alone was 10%.
Carefully increase the dryness until it reaches the weight percentage. This prevents burning of the fermented product.

In the drying step, when the fermenter 1 has a circular cross section, the steam generated from the fermentation product is also collected together with the exhaust gas flow of the combustion gas introduced into the fermenter 1. When discharged to the outside of No. 1, it is the same as the one having a U-shaped cross section, but in this case, it is possible to accelerate the drying by vacuuming or depressurizing or sucking in addition to drying under atmospheric pressure.

The fermented product thus obtained is in a high temperature state of about 95 ° C. under a dry condition under atmospheric pressure, so that the fermenting bacterium stops its activity and becomes a spore. In order to take out the fermented product, the blower 15 is operated with stirring to introduce a large amount of cooling air into the fermenter 1, and 40 to 50
After cooling to about 0 ° C., the fermented product is discharged from the outlet 9 in this state. Thus, the produced fermented product can be used as a high-quality fertilizer, feed or soil conditioner. (Example) (1) Fermentation pretreatment process In a U-shaped fermentation tank 1 having a capacity of 3,000 liters, a total of 1043 waste chickens as an organic waste and auxiliary materials were added 2.
It was added so that the water content was 021 Kg, and the water content was maintained at 57% by weight while stirring and mixing, and the mixed treatment product was at 45 ° C
It was heated for about 1 hour. (2) Muro treatment step The mixed treatment product was cooled to 45 ° C., 4 Kg of the fermentation bacterium was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for a while and then subjected to a muro treatment for about 2 hours. (3) Fermentation treatment step The mixed treatment product was maintained at 45 ° C throughout, and the fermentation treatment was performed for about 8 hours while slowly stirring the stirring blade 8 at 1 to 3 rpm. The water content at the end of the fermentation process was 50.2% by weight, and a fermented product having a sawdust-like texture and aroma was obtained. (4) Drying step While stirring the fermented product at 3 to 5 rpm with the stirring blades 8, it is dried for about 9 hours until it reaches 95 ° C., after which air is introduced for 3 hours and cooled to 50 ° C. It took 1 hour to take out from the take-out port 9, and a fermented product having a water content of 10.4% by weight was obtained.

[0035]

The one-batch type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention has the following effects. That is, according to the device of the present invention proposed in claim 1, even when the fermenter is upsized, it is compensated by the indirect heating by the high-temperature airflow generated from the burner or the like, so that the volume equivalent to the increased volume is increased. It becomes possible to heat a considerable amount of organic waste. For example, when the fermentor was increased to a capacity of 3,000 liters, due to lack of heat,
The time required for 45 to 60 hours for one batch of fermentation and drying can be reduced to 24 hours at a stroke.

Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 2, when the combustion gas from the burner is used as the high-temperature air flow, the exhaust heat can be utilized by introducing the combustion gas into the fermentation tank. Therefore, the temperature can be raised quickly. According to the device of the present invention proposed in claim 3, since the organic waste is prevented from scaling and adhering to the inner surface of the fermenter, it is extremely easy to clean the inside of the fermenter after the end of one batch treatment. You will be able to.
In addition, the fermenting bacteria mixed in the organic waste attached to the inner surface of the fermenter are not heated and killed, and the fermentation effect is not impaired.

According to the apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 4 (especially, a fermentation tank having a circular cross section), the inside of the fermentation tank can be evacuated during the drying step,
It is possible to lower the drying temperature of the fermented product and to carry out it effectively and quickly. According to the device of the present invention proposed in claim 5 (especially, one having a fermenter having a circular cross section), the internal pressure of the fermenter is increased during the fermentation process, and the permeability of the fermenting bacteria into the processed product is increased. The fermentation process can be speeded up.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the fermenter showing how panel heaters and jackets are attached.

FIG. 4 is a side view of another example of a fermenter showing a mounting state of a panel heater and a jacket.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a main part of a stirring blade.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing an example of a procedure of an organic fermented material treatment step.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Fermenter 4 ... Horizontal rotating shaft 6 ... Roller 8 ... Stirring blade 20 ... Panel heater 25 ... Jacket 26 ... Burner

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kozaburo Konaga 3-5-39 Takawashi, Habikino-shi (72) Inventor Jun Yamada 579-1 Kido-cho, Tomitabayashi Remains K Heights 202 (72) Inventor Shiro Kurata 7-2-121 Nakadai Mayukidai, Takarazuka-shi (72) Inventor Takahisa Hori 2-21 Suehiro-cho, Takarazuka-shi

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus in which organic waste is fermented in one fermenter and then dried, which has a U-shaped or circular cross section and is supported by a horizontal rotating shaft. On the upper part of the tank main body in which the stirring blades are rotatably arranged, a panel heater is attached to a predetermined area of the outer surface of the fermentation tank in which the mullification chamber is provided, and in other areas between the outer surface of the fermentation tank and A jacket for forming a high-temperature airflow passage is attached, a high-temperature airflow supply unit is provided in the jacket, and the fermentation tank can be heated by the high-temperature airflow. During fermentation and drying, direct heating by the panel heater and A one-batch type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus characterized in that indirect heating by a high-temperature air flow can be performed in parallel or selectively. 2. The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a burner using kerosene, oil or gas as a fuel is used as the heat source, and high-temperature airflow generated as combustion gas passes through the jacket. A one-batch-type organic waste fermentation treatment device with a structure that is introduced into the upper part of the fermentation tank and then exhausted to the outside. 3. The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a scale adhesion preventing roller is provided at the tip of the stirring blade. Fermentation processing equipment. 4. The one-batch type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein during the drying step, steam in the fermentation tank is exhausted together with the high temperature airflow introduced into the upper portion of the fermentation tank to perform fermentation processing. A one-batch type organic waste fermentation treatment device with a structure that enhances the dryness of the product. 5. The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein during the fermentation step, the fermentation tank is sealed from the outside air and a pressurized gas is introduced into the fermentation tank, or A one-batch type organic waste fermentation treatment device having a structure in which the fermentation treatment product is pressurized by filling the gas generated from the fermentation treatment product.