JP2655298B2 - One-batch organic waste fermentation treatment system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a one-batch processing type fermentation apparatus in which a fermentation product is obtained by performing a drying process from fermentation in one fermentation tank.
Dramatically increase the amount of fermentation and drying per batch
The present invention relates to a one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus that can be rapidly treated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, animal waste such as waste chicken, fish, animal dung, vegetable waste, garbage, and scum, for example, lees obtained by squeezing Chinese herbs, beer, sake, etc., foods, and pharmaceuticals After fermenting organic waste such as organic waste sludge generated from a paper mill or plant waste such as cut grass and fallen leaves in a single fermentation tank, drying the fertilizer and feed or A fermentation treatment apparatus of a one-batch treatment type capable of obtaining a soil conditioner or the like has been developed and proposed by the present applicant.

[0003] Such a fermentation treatment apparatus has a structure in which the organic waste is heated and maintained at a predetermined temperature during the fermentation treatment while mixing and stirring. The means for heating the organic waste in the fermentation tank includes fermentation. Since the panel heater is installed along the outer surface of the fermenter, even if the volume of the fermenter is increased to increase the amount of fermentation at one time, the outer surface of the fermenter is The rate of expansion of the area is small, so there is a limit to increasing the size of the panel heater, and there is a shortage of heat in heating the organic waste equivalent to the increased volume, which results in a longer processing time. There was still room for improvement.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, proposed in view of the above circumstances, is intended to reduce the amount of organic waste equivalent to an increased volume in a one-batch type fermentation apparatus when the size of the fermenter is increased. On the other hand, it is an object of the present invention to provide an organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus capable of preventing shortage of heat at the time of heating from occurring, increasing the amount of treatment by one fermentation treatment, and enabling rapid treatment.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a one-batch processing type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, which has a U-shaped or circular cross section. A panel heater is attached to a predetermined area on the outer surface of a fermentation tank equipped with a mudification chamber on the upper part of the tank body where the stirring blades supported by the horizontal rotating shaft are rotatably arranged, and fermentation is performed in other areas. A jacket for forming a high-temperature airflow passage between the outer surface of the tank and a jacket for providing a high-temperature airflow generated by a heat source other than the panel heater is provided below the jacket. Contact heating can be performed, and thereby, during fermentation and drying, direct heating by the panel heater and indirect heating by high-temperature airflow can be performed in parallel or selectively.

The one-batch organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 2 is the one-batch organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein kerosene, oil or gas is supplied to the heat source. A burner as a fuel is used, and a high-temperature airflow generated as a combustion gas is introduced into an upper portion of the fermenter after passing through a jacket, and then exhausted.

[0007] The one batch batch type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 3 is the one batch batch type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, Has a structure provided with a roller for preventing scale adhesion. The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment device of the present invention proposed in claim 4 is the one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment device according to claim 2, which is introduced into the upper part of the fermenter during the drying step. The steam in the fermenter is exhausted together with the combustion gas, which is a high-temperature airflow, to increase the degree of drying of the fermentation product.

[0008] The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 5 is the one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation tank is exposed to outside air during the fermentation step. The fermentation treatment product is pressurized by introducing a pressurized gas into the fermenter or by filling a gas generated from the fermentation treatment product.

[0009]

In the apparatus according to the present invention, a panel heater attached along the outer surface of the fermenter is provided in a predetermined region (for example, when the fermenter is viewed from the U-shaped cross-section side) of the outer surface of the fermenter. , Right or left body from the center)
The other region (for example, the outer surface corresponding to the remaining half body) is provided with a jacket for passing combustion gas, heated air, steam, and other high-temperature airflow.

Therefore, when heating the organic waste in the fermentation tank, for example, when heating at a stretch with a large temperature rise during sterilization treatment of various bacteria is required, direct heating by a panel heater and indirect heating by a high-temperature air flow are required. When heating is required under constant temperature conditions such as during the fermentation process, only the panel heater is operated independently, and rapid startup during the drying process is required, but excessive heating is prevented. If necessary, the mode of heating can be changed as necessary, for example, by performing parallel heating of both of them to reach a predetermined temperature and then switching to independent operation of only the panel heater.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when a burner using kerosene, oil or gas as a fuel is used as a source (heat source) of the high-temperature airflow, the generated high-temperature airflow combustion gas is fed into the fermenter. Since the organic waste does not contain water vapor that hinders the moisture content, a high-temperature airflow (combustion gas) that has passed through the jacket can be introduced into the fermenter to utilize waste heat.

In the apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, a roller for preventing scale adhesion is provided at the tip of the stirring blade rotating in the fermentation tank so that the stirring blade is rotatable. Not only is it prevented from adhering to itself, but the organic waste that has adhered to the inner surface of the fermentation tank gets kogated, so that the fermentation bacteria mixed in the organic waste with kogation are heated and die. Is prevented.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the combustion gas, which is a high-temperature airflow introduced from the jacket into the fermenter, is exhausted to the outside of the fermenter, the steam in the fermenter is discharged together with the exhaust gas during the drying step. Is also removed, so that the latent heat of combustion and exhaust gas can be effectively used, and therefore, the dried fermentation product is quickly dried.

In the apparatus of the present invention, the internal pressure of the fermentation tank is increased by introducing a pressurized gas into the fermentation tank or filling the fermentation tank with a gas (such as carbon dioxide) generated during the fermentation step. Therefore, the penetration of fermentation bacteria into the organic waste is enhanced to promote the fermentation of the organic waste, thereby speeding up the fermentation process.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the apparatus. The internal structure is schematically shown by broken lines. It is configured integrally with the machine room 2.

The fermenter 1 is made of a metal plate. The bottom of the fermenter has a U-shaped cross section. The upper part is connected to a material input hopper 3 for inputting organic waste and the like, and the lower part is a fermentation treatment. Outlet 9 for taking out the fermentation products after completion
Has been communicated with. The hopper 3 is provided with a crusher as necessary, and thus, even a waste chicken can be put in the whole. The outlet 9 is provided with an appropriate opening / closing mechanism (not shown).

In the tank of the fermenter 1, a motor 10 and a speed reducer 11
Is provided with a horizontal rotating shaft 4 which is rotatable in the forward and reverse directions in response to the drive from the shaft. The horizontal rotating shaft 4 holds a horizontal bar 7 on a support rod 5 projecting radially around the axis. Thus, a paddle-shaped stirring blade 8 is provided.

In the fermenter 1, as viewed from the U-shaped cross-section side (see FIG. 2), an outer surface area corresponding to the left half of the body centering on the outlet 9 at the bottom of the tank is formed along the outer surface of the tank. The panel heater 20 is attached in the form. As shown in FIG. 3, a temperature sensor 22 for measuring the heat generation temperature of the panel heater 20 is embedded in the panel heater 20, and the organic waste and the like in the fermenter 1 are actually heated. Temperature sensor 2 for measuring the actual temperature
3 is mounted so as to penetrate from the outside to the inside of the fermenter 1. Appropriate control for turning on and off the operation state of the panel heater 20 is performed based on the measurement data from both temperature sensors 22 and 23. Done. 21 is a heat insulating material.

On the other hand, of the outer surface of the fermenter 1, the remaining other region (the outer surface corresponding to the right half of FIG. 2) is used to provide a passage for a high-temperature airflow between the fermenter 1 and the outer surface. A jacket 25 is attached. A heat-resistant material such as a burner tile or a refractory brick is attached to the insertion opening of the burner 26 at the entrance of the jacket 25 to protect it from the flame generated from the burner 26. In addition, jacket 25
A burner 26 using kerosene, oil (A heavy oil, waste oil, etc.) and gas (city gas, LPG, etc.) as fuels is provided at a lower portion of the fuel cell. By being sent into the jacket 25, the organic waste and the like in the fermenter 1 can be indirectly heated.

It should be noted that the jacket 25 may be provided integrally with the outer surface of the fermenter 1 and an exterior material provided so as to surround the same. ) And only the combustion gas is introduced into the lower portion of the jacket 25, or instead of the combustion gas by the burner 26,
High-temperature steam or heated air generated from a boiler (not shown) or the like can be introduced into the lower portion of the jacket 25 as a high-temperature airflow.

At the top of the jacket 25, the jacket 2
5 is provided with a connecting curved pipe 27 for guiding the high-temperature airflow after passing through 5 to the upper part in the fermenter 1, and the combustion gas as the high-temperature airflow is introduced into the fermenter 1 via the connecting curved pipe 27. It is supposed to be. As a result, waste heat can be used, and organic waste and the like in the fermenter 1 can be rapidly heated. Such a measure uses a burner 26 using kerosene, oil, or gas as a heat source. This is effective only in the case where high temperature steam generated from a boiler (not shown) or the like is used, which is not desirable because it may hinder the moisture content of the organic waste and the mixed gas atmosphere in the fermenter 1. . The high-temperature airflow introduced into the fermenter 1 is exhausted from the exhaust chimney 28.

As shown in FIG. 4, the outer surface of the fermenter 1 is covered with the jacket 25 more than the area occupied by the panel heater 20.
If the outlet 9 is slightly displaced from the center of the bottom of the fermenter 1 as an overshooting of the occupied area of the fermenter 1, the work of taking out the fermented product after the end of the fermentation becomes easier, and This is advantageous in that the length of the leg 30 for holding the tank 1 raised can be shortened.

The tip of the stirring blade 8 is connected to the fermenter 1
A gap of about 10 to 15 mm is formed and held between the support rods 5 and the bottom curved surface of each of the support bars 5, as shown in FIG. A roller 6 having a large inner diameter is held loosely. Accordingly, when the organic waste or the like adheres to the inner surface of the fermenter 1 as the stirring blade 8 rotates, the roller 6 can scrape the adhered organic waste. Not only can the scale be prevented from adhering, but also organic waste adhering to the inner surface of the fermenter 1 can be prevented from causing kogation and heating the fermenter.

A partition wall 12 between the fermenter 1 and the machine room 2
The blower 15 in the machine room 2 is placed on the surface facing the fermenter 1.
The fermenter 1 is provided with an air outlet 16 at the diagonal position of the air outlet 16. An opening / closing valve (not shown) is provided at the air outlet 16 and the exhaust port 17 so that the fermenter 1 can be airtightly closed when it is necessary to keep the inside of the fermenter 1 sealed. In addition, since the fermenter 1 is configured in a U-shaped cross section, when organic waste or the like is charged into the fermenter 1, an extra space is formed above the rotation region of the stirring blade 8. This surplus space serves as a mudification chamber for retaining generated gas (carbon dioxide) generated by the fermentation action of fermentation bacteria mixed into organic waste and the like. However, the fermenter 1 may have a circular cross section (not shown). In this case, a surplus space such as a semicircle or a rectangle is formed above the circular tank. It may be a mud chamber.

Next, the operation of the apparatus of the present invention will be described in accordance with the procedure of the fermentation process. FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing an example of the fermentation treatment procedure. In the first pre-fermentation treatment step, the organic waste to be treated is converted into auxiliary materials such as rice, bran, bran, sawdust, and moisture content adjustment. Fermenter 1 with water
Then, the mixture is sterilized while mixing and stirring to remove organic waste and various bacteria in auxiliary materials. Here, the auxiliary material has a function of facilitating the fermentation of the fermentation bacterium itself and promoting the fermentation of the organic waste, in addition to the function of adjusting the water content.

In this sterilization treatment, since it is necessary to heat the mixed treatment product such as organic waste to a temperature close to 100 ° C. at once, the indirect heating by the burner 26 and the high-temperature airflow (600 ~ 700 ° C)
Is introduced into the fermenter 1. If necessary, direct heating by the panel heater 20 may be performed in parallel.

After the completion of the pre-fermentation treatment step, the fermentation bacterium is charged, and the fermentation treatment step is started. That is, after stopping the burner 26, a large amount of air is introduced into the fermenter 1, and the mixture is cooled to a temperature (40 to 50 ° C) at which the fermentation bacteria do not die. Then, a predetermined weight ratio (for example, about 0.2% by weight) of the fermentation bacterium is added to the mixed processed product, and the fermentation bacterium is subjected to the optimal fermentation temperature (40 to 6
(About 5 ° C.) while stirring.

Only the direct heating by the panel heater 20 is sufficient to maintain the optimum fermentation temperature, and the on / off control of the panel heater 20 is performed as needed. In the mulling process, the mixing and stirring of the mixed product and the operation of the panel heater 20 are both stopped, and the air supply is stopped, the inside of the fermenter 1 is cut off from the outside air, and the fermentation is stopped. The mixed product is exposed for a predetermined time in an atmosphere filled with carbon dioxide and water vapor generated during the fermentation of the bacteria. As a result, the fermentation bacteria not only grow rapidly, but also the surface hardness of the mixed product is loosened, and the fermentation bacteria easily penetrate.

Next, when the fermentation process is started, the mixed product in the fermenter 1 is again subjected to the fermentation bacterium optimum fermentation temperature (40-65).
℃), and slowly mix and stir while supplying water for adjusting the water content. Such an operation is continuously performed until the fermentation has sufficiently progressed throughout the mixed processed product. In this case, the temperature is maintained by the panel heater 20.

During the fermentation treatment, the protein in the organic waste is converted into free amino acids to generate carbon dioxide, which fills the fermenter 1. By measuring the pH value of an object,
Although the end of fermentation may be determined, when there is accumulated control data, it may be programmed to perform an automatic control operation. When about 12 hours are required for the fermentation treatment, the unmanned operation may be performed from the evening to the next morning.

In this fermentation treatment step, when the fermenter 1 has a circular cross section, the open / close valves (not shown) of the air outlet 16 and the exhaust port 17 are closed to make the fermenter 1 hermetically sealed. By feeding an appropriate pressurized gas into the fermenter 1 or filling it with gas (such as carbon dioxide) generated from the fermenter, the internal pressure of the fermenter 1 is increased to increase the penetration of the fermenter. Thus, the speed of the fermentation treatment can be further increased.

In the drying step after the fermentation treatment step, in order to improve the heat transfer efficiency, first, the direct heating by the panel heater 20, the indirect heating by the burner 26, and further, the heating from the jacket 25 into the fermenter 1. While performing the introduction of the combustion gas in parallel, the mixing and stirring are performed at a speed 2 to 5 times higher than the mixing and stirring speed at the time of the fermentation treatment so as to improve the heat transfer efficiency. And the moisture content of the fermented product is 2
The burner 26 was stopped from the time when the water content became 0% by weight or less, and the moisture content was reduced to 10% by the panel heater 20 alone.
Carefully increase the dryness until the weight percentage is reached. This prevents the fermentation product from burning.

In the drying step, when the fermenter 1 has a circular cross section, the steam generated from the fermentation product is discharged together with the exhaust gas of the combustion gas introduced into the fermenter 1. In the case of discharging to the outside of 1, there is no difference from the U-shaped cross section, but in this case, drying can be speeded up by vacuum, reduced pressure, or suction, in addition to drying under atmospheric pressure.

The fermentation product thus obtained is in a high temperature state of about 95 ° C. under the drying conditions under the atmospheric pressure, so that the fermentation bacterium stops its activity and forms spores. In order to remove the fermentation product, a large amount of cooling air is introduced into the fermenter 1 by operating the blower 15 while stirring, and the fermenter 1 is heated for 40 to 50 minutes.
The fermentation product is discharged from the outlet 9 in this state. The fermented product thus produced can be used as a high-quality fertilizer, feed or soil conditioner. (Example) (1) Pre-fermentation treatment step Into a U-shaped fermenter 1 having a capacity of 3,000 liters in cross section, 1043 chicken wastes and auxiliary materials as organic waste were added for a total of 2,
021 Kg, and while stirring and mixing while maintaining the water content at 57% by weight,
Until about 1 hour. (2) Muro treatment step The mixed product was cooled to 45 ° C, 4 Kg of the fermentation bacterium was added, and the mixture was mixed and stirred for a while. (3) Fermentation process The fermentation process was performed for about 8 hours while maintaining the mixed product at 45 ° C and stirring slowly by the stirring blade 8 at 1 to 3 rpm. The moisture content at the end of the fermentation treatment was 50.2% by weight, and a fermentation treatment product having sawdust-like texture and aromaticity was obtained. (4) Drying Step While the fermented product is stirred at 3 to 5 rpm by the stirring blade 8, it is dried for about 9 hours until it reaches 95 ° C., and then air is introduced for 3 hours, and then cooled to 50 ° C. It took 1 hour to take out from the outlet 9, and a fermented product having a water content of 10.4% by weight was obtained.

[0035]

According to the one-batch type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. That is, according to the apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 1, even when the size of the fermenter is increased, the fermenter is supplemented with indirect heating by a high-temperature airflow generated from a burner or the like, thereby increasing the volume equivalent to the increased volume. It becomes possible to heat a considerable amount of organic waste. For example, when the fermenter is increased to 3,000 liters capacity, due to lack of heat,
What used to take 45 to 60 hours for one batch process of fermentation and drying can be reduced to 24 hours at once.

According to the apparatus of the present invention proposed in claim 2, when the combustion gas from the burner is used as the high-temperature airflow, the waste gas can be utilized by introducing the combustion gas into the fermenter. It can also speed up the temperature rise. According to the device of the present invention proposed in claim 3, since the organic waste is prevented from being scaled and adhered to the inner surface of the fermenter, it is extremely easy to clean the inside of the fermenter after one batch processing. Will be able to do it.
Further, the fermentation bacteria mixed in the organic waste adhered to the inner surface of the fermenter are not heated and die, and the fermentation effect is not hindered.

According to the apparatus of the present invention (especially provided with a fermenter having a circular cross section), the inside of the fermenter can be evacuated during the drying step.
By lowering the drying temperature of the fermented product, it can be performed effectively and quickly. According to the device of the present invention (especially provided with a fermenter having a circular cross section), the internal pressure of the fermenter is increased in the fermentation step, and the permeability of the fermentation bacteria into the processed material is increased. Thus, the fermentation process can be speeded up.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the fermenter showing a mounting state of a panel heater and a jacket.

FIG. 4 is a side view of another example of the fermenter showing a mounting state of a panel heater and a jacket.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a main part of a stirring blade.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a procedure of an organic fermentation product processing step.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fermentation tank 4 ... Horizontal rotation axis 6 ... Roller 8 ... Stirring blade 20 ... Panel heater 25 ... Jacket 26 ... Burner

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Jun Yamada 579-1 Kidocho, Tondabayashi Remains K Heights 202 (72) Inventor Shiro Kurata 7-2-121 Nakayama Maydaidai, Takarazuka-shi (72) Inventor Takahisa Hori Takarazuka 2-21 Suehirocho

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A one-batch type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus for fermenting and drying organic waste in one fermenter, which has a U-shaped or circular cross section and is supported by a horizontal rotating shaft. A panel heater is attached to a predetermined area of the outer surface of the fermentation tank provided with the mudification chamber on the upper part of the tank main body in which the stirring blades are rotatably arranged, and the other area is provided between the outer surface of the fermentation tank and the fermenter. A jacket for forming a high-temperature airflow passage is attached, and a high-temperature airflow supply unit is provided on the jacket to heat the fermenter with the high-temperature airflow. During fermentation and drying, direct heating by the panel heater is used. A one-batch processing type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus characterized in that indirect heating with a high-temperature air stream can be performed in parallel or selectively. 2. A one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a burner using kerosene, oil or gas as fuel is used as the heat source, and a high-temperature gas stream generated as combustion gas passes through the jacket. A one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus that is introduced into the upper part of the fermentation tank and then exhausted to the outside. 3. The one-batch type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a scale-preventing roller is provided at a tip of the stirring blade. Fermentation processing equipment. 4. The fermentation apparatus for one-batch treatment of organic waste according to claim 2, wherein the steam in the fermenter is exhausted together with the high-temperature airflow introduced into the upper part of the fermenter during the drying step. A one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment system with a structure that enhances the degree of drying of materials. 5. The one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation tank is sealed off from outside air during the fermentation step, and a pressurized gas is introduced into the fermentation tank. A one-batch treatment type organic waste fermentation treatment system with a structure that pressurizes a fermentation product by filling the gas generated from the fermentation product.