JP2008023450A - Apparatus and method for decomposing organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decompose organic waste such as garbage and a box lunch of past sell-by date by using microorganisms in a simpler way. <P>SOLUTION: An airtight container 4 is provided with a biaxial-type horizontal agitator 20 agitating a germ bed d in the airtight container 4, a heating jacket 6 in a vessel in hot water, and circulating passages 7, 8 including a circulating pump 9 are installed outside the heating jacket 6 to circulate a heating medium liquid w in the heating jacket 6, and also a gas generated in the airtight container 4 is introduced to a cooling tower 35 and the gas is diluted by using the cooling air of the cooling tower 35. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an organic waste decomposing method and apparatus for decomposing organic waste such as food waste such as vegetable scraps and seafood, and bento after expiration date using microorganisms.

  Conventionally, there are two methods for treating garbage, a heat drying treatment method and a microorganism utilization treatment method. However, in the heat drying method, the electricity cost required for heat drying is high, and it is necessary to collect the dried garbage as waste as a waste for a fee. Furthermore, it is impossible to suppress the generation of malodor, and the present situation is that the malodor is suppressed by physical treatment using a deodorizing apparatus or by using chemicals or fragrances.

  On the other hand, in the method of treating garbage using microorganisms, fermenting bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, heat-resistant soil bacteria, etc. are mixed with the garbage and fermented to reduce the volume of the garbage and suppress bad smell. Normally, after 1 to 3 months, even 6 months, even long ones, antagonism occurs between naturally occurring microorganisms such as airborne bacteria and falling bacteria, and the injected bacteria die and turn into spoilage, such as methane gas Toxic and flammable gas is generated, and there is a danger of explosion, fire, etc., and a bad odor is generated. It is customary to start over again.

  By the way, in recent years, a garbage processing method using a combined fermentation method has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1), but this garbage processing method includes a garbage and an EMBC (composite fermentation) solid bio. EMBC stored in a closed container for 48 hours and fermented, and then crushed the fermented garbage with a crusher and a mill, put it into the garbage treatment tank, and put it into the garbage treatment tank in advance. (Composite fermentation) The mixture is stirred and mixed with a fungus bed and a double stirrer, and further hydrolyzed by controlling the rotation speed of the stirrer and the amount of air generated by aeration.

However, in this garbage disposal method, as described above, the process of storing the garbage and EMBC (composite fermentation) solid bio in a sealed container for 48 hours and fermenting, and crushing the fermented garbage with a crusher and a mill In addition to requiring a number of processes, such as a process and a process of adding it to a garbage treatment tank and hydrolyzing it, it was necessary to take measures such as introducing microorganisms in the air into the garbage treatment tank by aeration. .
JP 2005-319433 A

  The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, and the object of the present invention is to remove microorganisms from organic waste such as food waste and lunch boxes whose expiration date has passed by a simpler method. It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic waste decomposition treatment method and apparatus for decomposition treatment by use.

  In order to solve such a problem, an organic waste decomposing method according to the invention described in claim 1 is an organic waste decomposing method for decomposing organic waste using microorganisms. The wood chips and microorganisms introduced into the plant are fermented with stirring at a temperature of about 36 ° C. to 38 ° C. to produce a microbial bed, and then the temperature of the microbial bed is set to about 50 ° C. to The temperature is raised to 54 ° C. to activate the microorganisms, the organic waste charged in the sealed container is decomposed, and the gas generated during the decomposition is introduced into the cooling tower, and the cooling tower cooling air is used to It is characterized by diluting the gas.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the organic waste decomposition treatment method according to the first aspect, the heat transfer fluid in the sealed container is circulated in a circulation path provided outside the sealed container. It is characterized by.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the method for decomposing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the fungus bed is produced in about 24 hours.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that in the organic waste decomposition treatment method according to claim 1, the organic waste is decomposed in about 2 to 3 hours.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the organic waste decomposition treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the microorganism is a complex effective microorganism cultured based on indigenous bacteria collected in an area where the organic waste is decomposed. It is characterized by using groups.

  The organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus according to the invention of claim 6 is an organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus for decomposing organic waste using microorganisms, wherein a fungus bed in the closed container is provided on the closed container. A biaxial horizontal stirrer for stirring and a hot water type heating jacket are provided, and a circulation path including a circulation pump is provided outside the heating jacket to circulate the heat transfer fluid in the heating jacket, and The gas generated in the sealed container is introduced into a cooling tower, and the gas is diluted using cooling air of the cooling tower.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the temperature of the heat transfer fluid in the heating jacket is switched between resting and operating.

  The invention according to claim 1 is an organic waste decomposition treatment method for decomposing organic waste using microorganisms, wherein the wood chips and microorganisms charged in the sealed container are heated at a temperature of about 36 ° C to 38 ° C. The microorganism is fermented with stirring under the microorganism to produce a microorganism bed, and then the temperature of the bacteria bed is raised to about 50 ° C. to 54 ° C. to activate the microorganism and put into the sealed container Since the organic waste is decomposed, the decomposition time of the organic waste can be greatly shortened as compared with the conventional method. For example, about 60 kg of vegetable waste and about 100 kg of seafood can be decomposed in about 2 to 3 hours.

  In addition, the present invention introduces the gas generated during the decomposition of the organic waste into the cooling tower and dilutes the gas using the cooling air of the cooling tower, thereby avoiding the pollution problem caused by the off-flavor. It became possible.

  In the invention according to claim 2, since the heat transfer fluid in the sealed container circulates in the circulation path provided outside the sealed container, the temperature of the sealed container is uniformly maintained. It became possible. Moreover, since the heat transfer fluid in the sealed container circulates, there is an advantage that the heat conduction is improved and the temperature rise of the heat transfer fluid is improved.

  On the other hand, the invention according to claim 6 is an organic waste decomposition apparatus for decomposing organic waste using microorganisms, and is a biaxial horizontal type that stirs the fungus bed in the closed container in the closed container. A stirrer and a hot water type heating jacket were provided, and a circulation path including a circulation pump was provided outside the heating jacket to circulate the heat transfer fluid in the heating jacket, and generated in the sealed container. Since the gas is introduced into the cooling tower and the gas is diluted using the cooling air of the cooling tower, the decomposition time of organic waste is greatly reduced while being a relatively compact and simple device. It became possible to do. For example, about 60 kg of vegetable scraps and about 100 kg of seafood can be decomposed in about 2 to 3 hours.

  Further, according to the present invention, a hot water bath-type heating jacket is provided in the sealed container, and a circulation path including a circulation pump is provided outside the heating jacket so as to circulate the heat transfer fluid in the heating jacket. It became possible to keep the temperature of the container uniform. Further, since the heat transfer fluid in the heating jacket circulates, there is an advantage that the heat conduction is improved and the temperature rise of the heat transfer fluid is improved. In addition, the present invention introduces the gas generated during the decomposition of the organic waste into the cooling tower, and dilutes the gas using the cooling air of the cooling tower. Became possible.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the temperature of the heat transfer fluid in the heating jacket is switched between the resting time and the operating time. Therefore, the generation of the microbial bed and the organic waste in one sealed container It became possible to perform decomposition processing of objects.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus 1 according to the present invention is provided with a sealed container 4 on a base 3 with casters 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the sealed container 4 has a double-structured container body 5 and a hot water bath type heating jacket 6 between the inner box part 5a and the outer box part 5b. The hot water w in the heating jacket 6 is constantly circulated.

  Specifically, in FIG. 3, reference numeral 7 is a water supply pipe provided on both front and rear sides of the heating jacket 6, and reference numeral 8 is a drain pipe provided at the center of the bottom of the heating jacket 6. 7 and the drain pipe 8 are connected in an E shape in plan view as shown in FIG. And the warm water w in the heating jacket 6 pumped up from the drain pipe 8 by operating the circulation pump 9 provided in the drain pipe 8 flows into the heating jacket 6 through each water supply pipe 7. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, electric heaters 10 are inserted at both front and rear ends of the heating jacket 6 to heat the hot water w in the heating jacket 6 to a predetermined temperature. In addition, it is also possible to heat the hot water in the heating jacket 6 using steam instead of the electric heater.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the sealed container 4 includes a biaxial horizontal stirring device 20. This biaxial horizontal agitator 20 is composed of two horizontal agitators 21 and 22 provided in parallel. Each of these horizontal stirrers 21 and 22 is provided with a plurality of stirring means 24 at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the stirring shaft 23. These stirring means 24 are provided with two rod-like stirring arms 25 in a single letter shape on the stirring shaft 23. However, the phases are shifted 45 degrees clockwise and viewed from the side as a whole in a radial shape. (See FIG. 3).

  The horizontal stirrers 21 and 22 are driven by electric motors 27 and 28, respectively, and are rotated at a predetermined rotation speed (for example, 4 to 6 rpm) in the directions of arrows a and b in FIG. That is, in the horizontal stirrers 21 and 22, each stirring arm 25 rotates from the top to the bottom in the central portion of the container body 5.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the sealed container 4 is bent in a wave shape so that the bottom 11 of the inner box 5 a surrounds the two horizontal stirrers 21 and 22. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the sealed container 4 has a gable-type cover (roof) 12 at the top of the container body 5, and an inlet 14 is formed in the inclined part 13 on the front side of the container 4. An opening / closing lid 15 for opening and closing the mouth 14 is provided. The opening / closing lid 15 is supported by a damper 16 when opened. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the cover portion 12 is provided with a first exhaust pipe 32 having an exhaust port 31 therein. As shown in FIG. 4, the first exhaust pipe 32 is connected to the suction port of the ventilation fan 33, and the tip of the second exhaust pipe 34 connected to the exhaust port of the ventilation fan 33 is as shown in FIG. The cooling tower 35 is inserted into the cooling tower 35. Reference numeral 36 denotes a circulating pump for the cooling tower.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the operation panel 40 is provided with an operation time setting timer 41, a hot water temperature setting device 42, an alarm lamp 43, a start switch 44, a power lamp 45, and a breaker 46. The operation time and the temperature of hot water w for hot water are controlled.

  As the operation time, there are two kinds of time, the generation time of the fungus bed and the organic waste decomposition time, and the generation time of the fungus bed is set to about 24 hours. On the other hand, the organic waste decomposition time is set to about 2 to 4 hours, but in practice it is set to about 3 hours.

  In addition, the temperature of the hot water w for hot water bath has two kinds of time of rest and operation, and is set to about 36 ° C. to 38 ° C. during rest (at the time of fungus bed generation). Set to about 37 ° C. On the other hand, at the time of operation (at the time of organic waste decomposition treatment), it is set to about 50 ° C. to 54 ° C., but practically, it is set to about 52 ° C. Further, a level gauge 17 for a heating jacket is provided on the side of the sealed container body 5, and a door switch 18 is provided on the front surface of the cover 12.

Next, the operation of the organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus will be described.
In the case of decomposing organic waste such as vegetable scraps and seafood using microorganisms, first, the operation time setting timer 41 and the hot water temperature setting device 42 of the operation panel 40 are operated, and the organic waste is processed. The operation time of the decomposition treatment apparatus 1 is set to the fungus bed production time (for example, 24 hours), and the hot water temperature is set to the fungus bed production temperature (for example, 37 ° C.). After the setting, the start switch 44 is turned “ON”, and as shown in FIG. 5, a predetermined amount (for example, 130 kg) of wood chips (for example, cedar chips) t and a predetermined amount are placed in the sealed container 4. (For example, 2 kg) of microorganisms (not shown) and a predetermined amount (for example, 50 l) of water (not shown) are added, and the microorganisms are fermented while being stirred by the biaxial horizontal stirring device 20.

  As the microorganism, a complex effective microorganism group cultured based on “indigenous bacteria” in close contact with the area where the organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus 1 is installed is used. This complex effective microorganism group is produced in advance through two processes of “selective culture” and “expanded culture”. In other words, “selective culture” is a method for selecting a group of microorganisms suitable for the processing purpose of the object to be processed (in this case, high-speed volume reduction processing) from the myriad microorganisms existing in nature. "Matter (garbage)" and "microorganisms collected from places satisfying specific conditions in the vicinity of the object to be treated (garbage) and their habitat" are mixed and introduced into this unit (organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus 1). Operate and promote microbial sputum (eliminate unnecessary microorganisms, strengthen necessary microorganisms). Which microbe group should remain is a specialized field of biotechnology, but the so-called SHIMOSE 1/2/3 group is the center of the colony.

  When the target microbial group has been completed, it is increased to an amount sufficient to stabilize continued swell in this machine, and strengthening is “expansion culture”. At this time, the microbial group temporarily grows. In some cases, a small amount of sugar, etc. may be added. The above operations can be performed after the system is installed on site, or in some cases, the process can be performed in advance before the system is installed. In a normal environment, selective culture and expansion culture that require a period of several years can be performed in about 2 weeks in this machine, so that the culture can be easily advanced.

  Here, SHIMOSE 1 is the FERM BP-7504 (International Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Biotechnology Industrial Technology Research Institute, Patent Microorganism Deposit Center, 1-3 1-3 East, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan. In addition, SHIMOSE 2 is a microorganism belonging to FERM BP-7505 (which was deposited internationally in the same way as SHIMOSE 1) and Pichiafarinosa which is resistant to salt. , FERM BP-7506 (deposited internationally like SHIMOSE 1), a microorganism belonging to Staphylococcus.

  When the set operation time has elapsed, as shown in FIG. 6, a fungus bed d in which microorganisms are fermented is formed in the sealed container 4. An organic waste (for example, about 60 kg in the case of vegetable scraps, about 100 kg in the case of seafood) f is put on the fungus bed d, and then an operation time setting timer 41 and a hot water temperature setting of the operation panel 40 are set. The operation time of the organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus 1 is set to the organic waste decomposition treatment time (for example, 3 hours), and the water bath temperature is set to the organic waste decomposition treatment temperature (for example, 52 ° C). After the setting, when the start switch 44 is turned “ON”, the organic waste f is decomposed by microorganisms (not shown), and when the organic waste decomposition processing time passes, the organic waste f becomes almost disappeared.

  On the other hand, since the ventilation fan 33 is operated during the decomposition process of the organic waste f, water vapor and decomposition gas generated during the decomposition process of the organic waste f are passed through the first and second exhaust pipes 32 and 34. After that, it is discharged into the cooling tower 35. Then, it is diluted by cooling air (not shown) of the cooling tower 35 and released into the atmosphere.

  In the above description, the wood chip is applied to the fungus bed, but there is no problem even if the sawdust is mixed with the wood chip and used.

It is a front view containing the partial cross section of the organic waste decomposition processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is CC sectional drawing of FIG. It is bacteria bed production | generation explanatory drawing. It is decomposition | disassembly explanatory drawing of organic waste.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Organic waste decomposition processing apparatus 4 Sealed container 6 Heating jacket 20 Two-shaft horizontal stirring apparatus 35 Cooling tower d Fungus bed f Organic waste

Claims (7)

  In an organic waste decomposition method for decomposing organic waste using microorganisms, the microorganisms are fermented while stirring the wood chips and microorganisms charged in a sealed container at a temperature of about 36 ° C to 38 ° C. And then the microorganism bed is activated by raising the temperature of the bed to about 50 ° C. to 54 ° C. and decomposing the organic waste put in the sealed container. A method for decomposing organic waste, comprising introducing a gas generated during decomposition into a cooling tower and diluting the gas using cooling air of the cooling tower.   2. The organic waste decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer fluid in the sealed container is circulated in a circulation path provided outside the sealed container.   2. The organic waste decomposition treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the fungus bed is produced in about 24 hours.   The organic waste decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste is decomposed in about 2 to 3 hours.   The organic waste decomposition treatment method according to claim 1, wherein a complex effective microorganism group cultured based on indigenous bacteria collected in an area where the organic waste is decomposed is used as the microorganism.   In an organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus for decomposing organic waste using microorganisms, a sealed container is provided with a biaxial horizontal stirring device for stirring the fungus bed in the sealed container, and a hot water bath type heating jacket is provided. In addition, a circulation path including a circulation pump is provided outside the heating jacket to circulate the heat transfer liquid in the heating jacket, and the gas generated in the sealed container is introduced into the cooling tower to cool the cooling tower. An organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus, wherein the gas is diluted using industrial air.   The organic waste decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the heat transfer liquid in the heating jacket is switched between a pause time and an operation time.

Images