JP2006511256A - 血塊溶解のための装置および方法 - Google Patents
血塊溶解のための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006511256A JP2006511256A JP2004546924A JP2004546924A JP2006511256A JP 2006511256 A JP2006511256 A JP 2006511256A JP 2004546924 A JP2004546924 A JP 2004546924A JP 2004546924 A JP2004546924 A JP 2004546924A JP 2006511256 A JP2006511256 A JP 2006511256A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、2000年1月25日提出の米国特許出願番号09/491,401(代理人整理番号19744P−000700)の部分継続である2001年1月24日提出のPCT/US01/02406(代理人整理番号19744P−000710PC)の部分継続である2002年5月8日提出の米国特許出願番号10/142,005(代理人整理番号19744P−000720)の部分継続であり、これらの全開示を参照により本願に組み込む。
本発明は、広義には医療機器および方法に関する。より詳細には、本発明は血管から閉塞性物質を溶解および分断するための装置および方法に関する。
血栓症およびアテローム性動脈硬化症は、それぞれ、血管の管腔壁内における血栓または粉瘤の沈着によって起こる一般的な疾患である。このような沈着は、硬化すると典型的には血管の閉塞を起こし、その影響を受けた血管の管腔を流れる血流を減少させる。血栓症およびアテローム性動脈硬化症は、ヒトの体の四肢に血液を送る末梢血管や、心臓に血液を送る冠状動脈において最もよく見られる。静脈循環における鬱血、弁の機能不全、および障害によって、特に末梢脈管系における深部静脈血栓としておこる、血栓症が引き起こされる。上記のような沈着が血管の局所領域に蓄積すると、血流を制限して重篤な健康危機を招くこともある。
血栓溶解剤の送達と、機械的破壊とを組み合わせた血塊破壊カテーテルは、例えば、米国特許第5,972,019号および第5,947,985号、PCT公報WO01/39673A1;WO01/199444A1;およびWO01/39673A1に記載されている。他の血塊破壊カテーテルは、例えば、米国特許第5,954,737号、第5,795,322号、第5,766,191号、第5,556,408号、第5,330,484号、第5,279,546号、第5,116,352号、第5,014,093号、ならびにWO96/01591に記載されている。血栓症治療用の軸方向に間隔を空けた隔離バルーンを有するカテーテルは、例えば、米国特許第5,947,985号および第5,279,546号およびWO01/15767およびWO97/11738に示されている。渦巻き状で非線形のガイドワイヤを有したカテーテルは、米国特許(USP)5,584,843、5,360,432、5,356,418、および5,312,427に記載されている。関係する他の特許および特許公報としては、米国特許第6,398,773B1号および米国特許第6,346,116B1号、米国特許(USP)6,312,444B1、5,957,901、5,951,514、5,928,203、5,908,395、5,897,567、5,843,103、5,836,868、5,713,848、5,643,228、5,569,275、5,549,119、5,540,707、5,501,694、5,498,236、5,490,859、5,380,273、5,284,486、5,176,693、5,163,905、4,923,462、4,646,736、および4,445,509、ならびにWO99/23952およびWO99/04701が挙げられる。医学文献のなかの関係ある刊行物としては、LeVeenら(1992),American Heart Association Poster Presentation;Tachibana(1993)JVIR S:299〜303;Kandarpaら(1998)Radiology 168:739〜744;Bildsoeら(1989)Radiology 171:231〜233;およびRitchieら(1986)Circulation 73:1006〜1012が挙げられる。
本発明は、動脈および静脈ならびにグラフトを含む患者の脈管内に存在する、血塊とも呼ぶ血栓を破壊および溶解する装置、方法およびキットを提供する。本発明は、特に、動脈、表在静脈、中心静脈、大腿膝窩静脈、腸骨大腿骨静脈、天然グラフト、合成グラフト、AVフィステル、AVグラフトなどにおける血栓性疾患を治療することを意図している。また、本発明は、腸骨大腿骨動脈、表在大腿動脈などにおける血栓症などの動脈血栓性疾患を治療することを特に意図している。
図1において、血塊破壊装置10は、カテーテル本体12と、モータ駆動部14と、血栓溶解剤送達装置16とを含むように示されている。モータ駆動部14は、カテーテル本体12の基端部20においてハブ18に取り付けられる。血栓溶解剤送達装置は、従来のチューブ24を介してハブ18上の側口22に取り付けられたシリンジとして示されている。他の血栓溶解剤送達装置、例えばポンプ、重力バッグなどを用いてもよい。装置16によって送達される血栓溶解剤は、血塊および血栓を破壊し、溶解することのできる任意の従来の生物活性物質、例えば、組織プラスミノーゲンアクチベータ(tPA)、ストレプトキナーゼ、ウロキナーゼ、ヘパリン、低分子量ヘパリンなどであってよい。血栓溶解剤は、送達装置16を介して、ボーラスとして送達してもよいし、長期間連続的に送達してもよいし、それらを組み合わせてもよい。
Claims (34)
- 血管の管腔長にわたって血塊を破壊する装置であって、
基端部と、先端部と、該端部間に延びる少なくとも1つの管腔と、先端開口部と、先端開口部の基端側の少なくとも1つの側方開口部とを有するカテーテル本体であり、該先端側開口部および少なくとも1つの側方開口部は管腔に流体連通する、カテーテル本体と、
前記カテーテル本体上の先端開口部と少なくとも1つの側方開口部の間の、第1の径方向に展開可能な閉鎖体と、
カテーテル本体管腔内に脱着挿入可能な攪拌機と
を含む、装置。 - 先端開口部は、該開口部を介する流れを妨害して、管腔からの流れが少なくとも1つの側方開口部を選択的に通るようにする、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの管腔を通過する流体流を妨害するために、先端開口部と少なくとも1つの側方開口部の間に、流れ抵抗をさらに含む、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 流れ抵抗は、約0.1%〜約20%の流体流が先端開口部を通り、約80%〜約99.9%の流体流が少なくとも1つの側方開口部を通るように流れを妨害する、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 流れ抵抗は、少なくとも1つの流路を有する円筒材を備える、請求項3または4に記載の装置。
- 前記円筒材はエラストマー材料から構成される、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 前記円筒材の外径は、少なくとも1つの管腔の内径と等しい、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの流路は、ガイドワイヤを通すに十分な内径を有する円筒形穴を備える、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの流路は1つ以上の可撓性の細孔を備える、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの流路は、ガイドワイヤを通すためのバルブと、流体を通すための1つ以上の穴を備える、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 流れ抵抗は、少なくとも1つの開口を有する膜を備える、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 膜は凹面がカテーテル本体の基端部に対面するような王冠型である、請求項11に記載の装置。
- 前記開口は1mm2までの断面積を有する、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記開口は楕円形の周囲を有する、請求項13に記載の装置。
- 流れ抵抗は、少なくとも1つの管腔を介する流体の流れを部分的に遮断するためのボールバルブを備え、該ボールバルブは少なくとも1つの流路と、ボールと、該ボールを変位させて流路内におけるガイドワイヤ通過を可能にする流路内の広くなった領域とを有する、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 流れ抵抗は、少なくとも1つの管腔に連結された従順な膜を備え、該従順な膜はインフレーション管腔と連通し、該インフレーション管腔はインフレーションポートと連通し、インフレーションポートとインフレーション管腔を介して膨らませることにより、該従順な膜を動かして、カテーテル本体の少なくとも1つの管腔を介する流体流を部分的または完全に遮断する、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 先端開口部の断面積は、少なくとも1つの側方開口部の断面積の約0.1%〜約20%である、請求項1または2に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの側方開口部は、カテーテル本体の側壁内の1つの開口部で構成される、請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 1つの開口部は、カテーテル本体の該1つの開口部の場所における外径の少なくとも50%に等しい最小幅を有する、請求項18に記載の装置。
- カテーテル本体の該1つの開口部の場所の上に補強用スリーブをさらに含む、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの側方開口部は、カテーテル本体の側壁内の複数の間隔を空けた開口を備える、請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- カテーテル本体の先端部付近に、血管の長さに亘って血塊を攪拌するための攪拌機をさらに含む、請求項1〜22のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記攪拌機は機械的攪拌機を含む、請求項22に記載の装置。
- 前記攪拌機を1〜20,000ヘルツの周波数で駆動する駆動装置をさらに含む、請求項23に記載の装置。
- 前記駆動装置は、カテーテル本体内で攪拌機を回転させる、請求項23に記載の装置。
- 前記駆動装置は、カテーテル本体内で攪拌機を軸方向に平行移動させる、請求項23に記載の装置。
- 前記攪拌機は、カテーテル本体の管腔内への挿入の際には非線形形状をとる、請求項23に記載の装置。
- 前記攪拌機を1〜50Hzの周波数で回転させる駆動装置をさらに含む、請求項27に記載の装置。
- 前記駆動装置はカテーテル本体内での駆動装置の手動軸方向平行移動を行わせる請求項28に記載の装置。
- 非線形形状は、螺旋、渦巻き、蛇行、ジグザグ、交互螺旋およびランダムからなる群より選択される、請求項27に記載の装置。
- 第1の径方向に展開可能な閉鎖体はバルーンを備える、請求項1〜30のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの側方開口部の基端側に、第2の径方向に展開可能な閉鎖体をさらに含む、請求項1〜31のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記第1の径方向展開可能体および第2の径方向展開可能体は、5cm〜50cmの距離だけ軸方向に離れている、請求項32に記載の装置。
- 前記カテーテル本体は、それぞれ第1の径方向展開可能体および第2の径方向展開可能体に接続された第1のインフレーション管腔および第2のインフレーション管腔を有する、請求項33に記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/278,735 US6929633B2 (en) | 2000-01-25 | 2002-10-21 | Apparatus and methods for clot dissolution |
PCT/US2003/033224 WO2004037178A2 (en) | 2002-10-21 | 2003-10-20 | Apparatus and methods for clot dissolution |
Publications (3)
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US6929633B2 (en) | 2005-08-16 |
EP1556114A4 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
WO2004037178A3 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
US20030139751A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
EP1556114A2 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
WO2004037178A2 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
AU2003286518A8 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
JP4480582B2 (ja) | 2010-06-16 |
AU2003286518A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
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