JP2005336883A - Slope face vegetation work, seed forming method for seeding and germination hastening device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem of hardly providing its effect, though the disaster preventive effect and the environmental preservation effect increase together with growth of a plant body, since a germination rate is only about 50 % to 70 % in a vegetation work and whole redoing and maintenance such as water sprinkling and additional fertilizer performed till then become useless. <P>SOLUTION: This method forms a seed for seeding by seeding the seed dried via a drying process from a germination hastening process on a slope face, and dries the seed in a cartridge after floating and agitating the seed in hot water in the cartridge by a circulating device for connecting a germination hastening tank to the respective cartridges by soaking the cartridge having a large number of through-holes on a seed-filled peripheral surface in a plurality of germination hastening tanks. Alternatively, this device for hastening germination of the seed is composed of the germination hastening tanks, the circulating device for circulating the hot water stored in the germination hastening tanks, and the cartridge for loading a plurality of seeds in the germination hastening tanks filled with the seeds, having a large number of through-holes on a peripheral surface and provided with a connecting part connected to the circulating device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a slope vegetation method for sowing seeds that have been germinated and dried (hereinafter referred to as “seeding seeds”), a seed formation method for sowing, and a germination apparatus.

  Traditionally, slope protection works by vegetation have allowed plants to thrive, preventing erosion due to rainwater, mitigating temperature changes on the ground surface, preventing freezing, and preventing collapse due to tight binding of the root system. The purpose is to harmonize the natural environment.

  There are various methods of vegetation, for example, spraying, vegetation mat work, vegetation board work, vegetation bag work, vegetation hole work, vegetation muscle work, muscle shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, etc. There are turf works, turf turf works, etc., which are selected as appropriate according to the soil texture, slope, area (cold or mountainous area), etc. Moreover, these vegetation works are often constructed in combination with slope protection works such as frame work and netting work.

As seeds for slope vegetation, weaves such as weaving lovegrass and wild buckwheat, woody species such as Nanaminoki, Soyogo and Nurde, and vines such as tequila and nuts are widely used. For vegetation, the construction time is very important, and it is necessary to select the seed type and construction time in consideration of the weather conditions in the construction area. In the sowing process, fertilizers such as bark compost, curing materials such as asphalt emulsion for preventing seed runoff and drying, and auxiliary materials such as mats and nets are used in combination.
JP-A-6-049848 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-036311 JP-A-8-225704

  The biggest problem with vegetation is the low germination rate. The purpose of the various construction methods disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents, etc. and the soil stabilization composition disclosed in patent document 3 is to increase the germination rate, but at most 50% The current situation is that the germination rate is only about 70%. The germination status is generally based on the number of germinations per unit area 60 days or 120 days after construction, but if the germination rate is low, it may lead to reworking or full reworking. Maintenance such as watering and top fertilization is also wasted, leading to significant losses. Moreover, the disaster prevention effect and environmental conservation effect in vegetation work increase with the growth of the plant body, but there is almost no effect immediately after construction, and the improvement of the germination rate is an important factor in terms of substantial aspect.

Also, conventionally, in order to increase the germination rate, there is a tendency to avoid construction in the summer, leading to the possibility of collapse and the slope with exposed ground being left for a long period of time. Furthermore, as a means for compensating for the decrease in germination rate, a method of sowing a large amount of seeds has been employed, but the increase in construction costs associated with this has been a problem. For example, although barn grass is strong against treading pressure and has excellent disease resistance among lawns, there is a fundamental problem that the cost of the turf turf that is commonly used is high. Although it is inexpensive and extremely effective for slopes of large areas when constructed by seeding by spraying, there is a fundamental problem that the germination rate is low and it takes a long time for growth. The construction period is also limited to April-June, and since it takes 4 to 5 months to complete, it is hardly adopted.

  Therefore, the present inventor has been able to achieve the present invention as a result of intensive studies in view of the above problems, and the feature thereof is to sow seeds that have been dried from the germination process through the drying process on the slope. There is.

  Further, it is a method for forming seeds for sowing for the purpose of planting vegetation on the slope, wherein a plurality of through holes are immersed in a plurality of germination tanks in a peripheral surface filled with seeds, It is to dry seeds in the cartridge after the seeds are floated and stirred in warm water in the cartridge by a circulation device connected to the cartridge.

  Furthermore, it is a device for germinating seeds to be sown for the purpose of greening vegetation on a slope, comprising a germination tank, a circulating device for circulating hot water stored in the germination tank, and seed filling the germination tank. A plurality of cartridges to be loaded are configured by a cartridge having a large number of through holes on the peripheral surface and provided with a connecting portion connected to the circulation device.

  Here, “germination” in the present specification refers to an artificial treatment that promotes the formation of buds and the start of development of dormant buds, or makes germination uniform. Germination is performed by, for example, a step of immersing in warm water of about 30 ° C. to 35 ° C. for about 5 to 10 days. Through this process, the seeds break into shells and become so-called pigeon breasts in which the heads of the buds protrude. Usually, seeds with low solidity are removed in advance by water selection or salt water selection (selecting seeds in water or salt water) or germination after sterilization. In some cases, the seed is immersed in water at about 15 ° C. for about 2 to 4 days as a pretreatment for the germination step.

  Since the sprouting seeds are grown as they are and the growth proceeds, so-called bud stopping is performed to stop the growth and make it dormant. Sprouting is performed by drying after the germination step. Drying is performed with the target of about 10% to 20% moisture, and usually takes about 1 to 2 days. The germinated seeds are used for weighing, storage, etc. by making them dry, and can be handled in the same manner as seeds that have not been germinated in spraying machines. As a drying means, air is blown with a blower or the like, or it is cooled and dried or freeze-dried in a refrigerator or freezer. As the sprouting means, it can be carried out by immersing the seeds in water at about 10 ° C. for several hours in the sprouting tank after completion of the sprouting, and cooling the sprouting seeds.

  In the drying process by blowing, drying can be accelerated by sending air of about 20 ° C. or higher. However, germination may proceed before drying, and when the buds grow, the buds are easily damaged by a measuring device or a spraying machine. Therefore, cooling drying or freeze drying is desirable when the temperature exceeds 15 ° C. However, in consideration of the progress of germination in the drying step, the germination step in the germination tank can be rounded up early to enter the drying step, and the seeding seed formation period can be shortened.

  The slope vegetation work according to the present invention is carried out by sowing seeds for seeding that have been germinated and dried directly or indirectly on the slope. The seeding means is performed by a method similar to that of vegetation that has been conventionally performed, such as the above-described seed spraying and vegetation bag construction.

  The “germination tank” refers to a container for germination by immersing seeds in water. The germination tank is not particularly limited as long as it can store water since seeds are immersed. Usually, a water outlet for exchanging and circulating water is provided at the bottom or bottom of the tank. Further, the seeds are filled so as to be separated from the bottom of the germination tank so as not to come into contact with the sediment accumulated at the bottom of the germination tank. In this invention, it is also possible to perform a series of processes from germination to drying in a germination tank.

  “Cartridge” refers to a container for filling seeds. The germination apparatus according to the present invention has a structure in which seeds are filled in a cartridge and this is loaded in a germination tank. The cartridge is made of metal or plastic and has a large number of through holes on the peripheral surface. Depending on the type of seed, there is a granule having a diameter of about 1 mm. Therefore, a net-like body such as fine cloth, metal, plastic, or nonwoven fabric may be provided on the inner or outer surface of the cartridge to cover the through hole. . Further, the cartridge can be formed of a material having a large number of through holes such as a net-like body.

  The cartridge is connected to a circulation device such as a pump and provided with a connecting portion for feeding water into the cartridge. Usually, a heater having a temperature adjustment function is provided between the pump and the cartridge to adjust the water temperature. In addition to supplying water directly from the circulation device, oxygen may be supplied to seeds in the cartridge by providing an air supply means. As the air supply means, for example, air is mixed into the water using a shower or a head of water, or an air supply pipe is provided to introduce air at a negative pressure.

  Thus, by filling the cartridge with seeds, the seeds are floated and stirred by a jet of a pump or the like in a state where the seeds are immersed in warm water, so that germination can be efficiently performed. After the sprouting step, the cartridge is dried by the above-described means with seeds filled. Although it is possible to stop buds simultaneously by drying, the buds may be stopped by passing cold water through the germination tank and then dried. Drying by air blowing may be performed in the germination tank, or the cartridge may be removed from the germination tank and performed in another place such as a drying tank. The cartridge is provided with a connecting portion connected to a blower for sending air into the cartridge, but may be shared with a connecting portion for water circulation. When provided separately, oxygen can also be supplied by sending air from a blower when germinating.

The seed formation method for seeding according to the present invention is a method of filling seeds in a plurality of container-like cartridges, immersing them in a germination tank and floating and stirring them in a circulation device, and then drying them in the cartridges. Seed germination efficiency and drying efficiency are extremely high. Since the method of the present invention is a method for filling a plurality of cartridges with seeds to stop germination, it is possible to germinate seeds of different types in a germination tank. In this case, the cartridges that have been germinated are sequentially removed from the germination tank, or the water supply to the cartridge that is near the completion of germination is loosened or stopped. In addition, a heater may be provided individually to control the temperature for each cartridge.

  The slope vegetation plant according to the present invention can increase the germination rate to 80% or more by sowing seeds for sprouting and drying on the slope, so that germination is quick and seed outflow is reduced. it can. This means that it is possible to shorten the period after the construction until the vegetation covers the entire slope and can exhibit the effect of preventing erosion, which leads to the achievement of the purpose of the vegetation work early and reliably.

  In addition, by increasing the germination rate, it is possible to reduce the amount of seeds used by about 30% to 50%, thereby reducing the cost. In particular, for barnyards and the like, the turf turf work that sticks cut grass was mainly performed, but by using the sprouting seeds, vegetation can be planted by a highly efficient and inexpensive method by spraying. Furthermore, since the range of construction time is widened, the slope to be constructed is not left for a long time, which is advantageous for local governments and contractors.

In the seed forming method for seeding according to the present invention, seed germination efficiency is extremely increased by filling the cartridge with seeds from germination to drying. Furthermore, drying can be performed reliably, bud prevention efficiency is high, quality is constant, and management is easy. In addition, by loading a plurality of cartridges filled with seeds into the germination tank, it is possible to consistently carry out the process from germination to sprout, and it is extremely easy to stop germination at low cost with little effort. It has a beneficial effect.

The present invention has solved the above-mentioned problems in vegetation work by sowing seeds for sprouting and drying on the slope. In addition, by allowing seeds to be filled individually for each cartridge, from germination to drying, the quality is stable and it is easy to cope with various vegetation workers, and the germination rate on the slope is dramatically increased.

The inventor conducted a test under the following conditions in the applicant company.
1 Time: Mid-February 2004 2 Seeds: Nosiba 3 Germination place: Nakamura, Nakamura City, Kochi Prefecture 1-56, Inc. Indoors (room temperature approx. 15 ° C)
4 Germination method: About 1 liter of wild buckwheat seeds selected by salt water selection with about 2% salt water is filled in a 5 liter cartridge and placed in 3 germination tanks. Start germination.
5 Drying: Remove the cartridge from the germination tank and feed air from the blower to the cartridge in the drying tank.

Under the above conditions, sprouting signs were observed in the sprouting tank on the 9th day, so that seeds for seeding of barn were obtained by drying in the drying tank for about 1 day. These seeds for sowing were dried with 40% to 50% swollen in the shape of pigeons, and could be weighed with a “fully automatic quantitative feeder”.

The present inventor conducted test vegetation under the following conditions on the site of the applicant company and on the river dike construction site, using seeds for seeding of sprouts that had been germinated and dried under the above conditions.
1 Time: Late February 2004 2 Temperature: About 8 ℃ (average)
3 Vegetation place: 1-56 Fuwa, Nakamura City, Kochi Prefecture
River repair construction site in Tosashimizu City, Kochi Prefecture 4 Seeds: Seeds for sowing seeds 5 Vegetation method: Spraying

Germinated seeds 3 l Zoysia japonica, bark compost 1000 liters, a cationic bitumen emulsion 20kg as curing material, and mixed was poured into a mixing machine spraying device, as a result of the spraying installation in about 700 meters ^2, 7 days after the entire Germination started. When a shading net was laid in a part after spraying, germination of that part was better. It is thought that the heat retention effect became high.

Furthermore, as a result of further research by the present inventor, seeds of wild buckwheat were cooled in a refrigerator at about 10 ° C. for 2 days in the beginning of May and then germinated by the method of the present invention under the above conditions. Germination has been completed. As a cooling method, a water cooling device was provided in the device of the present invention, and after immersing in a germination tank having a water temperature of 10 ° C. to 13 ° C. for 2 days, the germination process was carried out in about 2 days. And as a drying process, when the cartridge was put into the refrigerator and it cooled and dried, the inside temperature was set to about 10 degreeC, without germination progressing, and it dried in about 3 days. In addition, when wood chips and the like were mixed as aggregates during spraying, a result of facilitating germination was obtained. It seems that the mixing of aggregates caused voids and increased the amount of oxygen.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a germination apparatus 1 according to the present invention, and shows a state where a cartridge 2 filled with seeds 21 is loaded in a germination tank 3. The cartridge 2 has a structure in which a large number of through holes 22 having a diameter of about 2 mm are provided on the peripheral surface and a jet pipe 23 is provided therein. Further, the cartridge 2 is provided with a connecting portion 25 that is connected to the pump P, and when the pump P feeds water through the jet pipe 23, the filled seeds 21 are suspended and stirred in water as shown in the figure. . Generally, as a pretreatment for germination, the seed 21 is soaked in water at about 15 ° C. for 2 to 4 days, but the water temperature is set to about 10 ° C. with a water cooling device or the like as in the above-described embodiment. It is preferable to germinate after cooling. In the previous stage, the pump P may be simply immersed in water without operating. In the germination process, the water temperature is set to about 32 ° C., the pump P is operated, and the seeds 21 are allowed to germinate while being stirred by the jet. In about a week, the seeds 21 swell like pigeons and germination is completed.

About 5 to 20 cartridges 2 are placed in the germination tank 3 depending on the amount and type of seeds 21. In the sprouting apparatus 1 of this example, since sediment accumulates at the bottom of the sprouting tank 3, a slat-like base 31 is provided in the sprouting tank 3 and the cartridge 2 is placed thereon. Usually, the water in the germination tank 3 is changed about once a day.

When the seeds 21 filled in the cartridge 2 are granular and fine, the seeds 21 jump out of the through holes 22 or become clogged. Therefore, a mesh-like fabric 24 is provided inside the cartridge 2 as shown in FIG. The cartridge 2 may have a structure having a through-hole such as a net body so that the seed 21 is immersed in the water of the germination tank 3 and the water in the cartridge 2 is circulated by the jet pipe 23. In order to stir while floating, it is preferable not to provide the through hole 22 on the opposite surface of the jet pipe 23.

  In order to germinate the seeds 21, as shown in FIG. 3, water is passed through the temperature regulator 4 provided with a heater 41 and provided with a temperature setting controller 42, and hot water of 30 ° C. to 35 ° C. is supplied to each cartridge 2. The temperature controller 4 of this example is provided with a shower nozzle 44 for dissolving oxygen in the water in the germination tank 3 and a timer 43 for displaying the completion of germination for each cartridge 2. For example, when the No. 1 cartridge 2 is filled with different types of seeds 21 such as Yamahagi, No.2 is Meadowagi, and No.3 is Komatsunagiri, it can be managed individually. The time for completion of germination not only varies depending on the variety, but also varies depending on the time, water temperature, time of immersion in the same variety. Further, in order to secure a space around each cartridge 2 when the cartridge 2 is loaded into the germination tank 3, a spacer 32 is provided on the base 31.

The cartridge 2 which has completed germination is removed from the germination tank 3, the blower 5 is connected to the connecting portion 25 of the cartridge 2, and air is fed to dry the seeds 21 which have germinated inside. Although the place to dry is not specifically limited, a drying tank provided with a blower 5 or the like may be provided separately, and the cartridge 2 may be loaded inside and dried.

When the seeds 21 of each cartridge 2 loaded in the germination tank 3 are completed almost at the same time, such as when each cartridge 2 is filled with the same seed 21, the water in the germination tank 3 is drained as shown in FIG. Then, the duct from the blower 5 is connected to the connecting portion 25 of each cartridge 2 to send air, and the seeds 21 are dried to stop buds. As described above, the seeding may be stopped by immersing the seed 21 in water at about 10 ° C. until it cools. By the sprouting treatment, the germination growth of the seeds 21 is temporarily stopped and can be stored and distributed in a dormant state. In this example, the air distribution unit 51 distributes the air blown by the blower 5 to each cartridge 2. In this case, a heater 52 is provided in the air distribution unit 51, and warm air heated to about 25 ° C. can be supplied to speed up drying.

FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) show still another embodiment of the sprouting apparatus 1 according to the present invention, and has a structure in which a shower unit 6 incorporating a heater 41 and a water distribution container 7 are provided. Water is stored in the water distribution container 7 from the shower unit 6 connected to the pump P, and a large amount of oxygen is supplied to the seeds 21 in the cartridge 2 by sending jet water using a drop from the water distribution container 7 to each cartridge 2. It becomes possible to make it.

It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows one Example of the germination apparatus which concerns on this invention. Example 4 It is a fragmentary sectional view showing other examples of a cartridge. (Example 5) It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the germination apparatus which concerns on this invention. (Example 6) It is sectional drawing which shows the further another Example of the germination apparatus which concerns on this invention. (Example 7) The further another Example of the germination apparatus which concerns on this invention is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. (Example 8)

Explanation of symbols

1 Germination device 2 Cartridge
21 seeds
22 Through hole
23 Jet pipe
24 Fabric
25 connecting part 3 germination tank
31 units
32 Spacer 4 Temperature controller
41 Heater
42 Controller
43 Timer
44 Shower nozzle 5 Blower
51 Air distribution unit
52 Heater 6 Shower unit 7 Water distribution container P Pump

Claims (12)

  A slope vegetation plant characterized by sowing seeds dried from the germination process through the drying process on the slope.   In the germination process, seeds are filled in a cartridge having a large number of through-holes on the peripheral surface, immersed in the germination tank, and hot water is fed into the cartridge by the circulation device connected to the germination tank and the cartridge to float and stir The slope vegetation worker according to claim 1 to be made.   The slope vegetation method according to claim 1, wherein in the drying step, air is fed into the cartridge to dry the filled seeds.   The slope vegetation method according to claim 1, wherein the drying step cools and dries the seed filled in the cartridge in a refrigerator.   A method for forming seeds for seeding for the purpose of greening vegetation on a slope, wherein a plurality of through-hole cartridges are immersed in a plurality of germination tanks on a peripheral surface filled with seeds, A seed formation method for sowing, wherein the seed is floated and stirred in warm water in the cartridge by a connected circulation device, and then the seed is dried in the cartridge.   The seed formation method for seeding according to claim 5, wherein the seed is dried by sending air into the cartridge.   The seed formation method for seeding according to claim 5, wherein the seed is cooled and dried by placing the cartridge in a refrigerator.   The seed forming method for seeding according to claim 5, wherein each cartridge loaded in the germination tank is filled with seeds of different types, and the immersion time is managed for each cartridge.   A device for germinating seeds to be planted for the purpose of greening vegetation on a slope, comprising a germination tank, a circulation device for circulating hot water stored in the germination tank, and a plurality of seeds filled in the germination tank. What is claimed is: 1. A germination apparatus comprising a cartridge having a plurality of through-holes on a peripheral surface and provided with a connecting portion connected to the circulation device.   The sprouting apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the cartridge is provided with a net-like body covering the through hole.   The sprouting apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a blower connected to a connecting part of the cartridge in the sprouting tank.   The sprouting apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the cartridge has connecting parts of a circulation device and a blower.

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