JP2022019836A - Method for raising seedlings of paddy rice - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide methods for raising seedlings of paddy rice that can remove a soil cover lifted after the emergence of the seed rice that has been sown and can suppress the spindly growth of the seeds.

SOLUTION: A method for raising seedlings of paddy rice comprises a sowing step of sowing the seed rice of paddy rice in a seedling-raising box rectangular in a plan view and cover them with soil, and a roller step of rolling a compaction roller on the seedling-raising box. The roller step is performed when the soil cover is lifted after the emergence of the seed rice that has been sown.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

COPYRIGHT: (C)2022,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of paddy rice.

In recent years, attempts have been made to reduce costs and labor by sowing seeds at high density and raising seedlings. One of the problems in such high-density sowing is that there are many seedling growth phenomena during the seedling raising period. Diseases such as stuffy seedlings and dead seedlings occur due to the legginess. Many seedlings compete for light, so they grow only upwards and become seedlings with thin stems. In addition, the rooting action is weakened, the amount of roots is reduced, and mat formation cannot be performed, which causes various troubles in the transplanting work. Even after transplanting, it takes a long time to take root, leading to the disappearance of seedlings, leading to re-planting work and a decrease in revenue.

By the way, Patent Document 1 below discloses a compaction machine for preventing rooting and soil covering after sowing when raising seedlings in a nursery box.

Registered Utility Model No. 3122826 Gazette

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for raising seedlings of paddy rice, which can remove the lifted soil cover after the seeds sown and suppress the growth of the seeds.

The method for raising seedlings of paddy rice of the present invention includes a sowing step of sowing paddy rice seeds in a nursery box having a rectangular shape in a plan view and covering the soil, and a roller step of rolling a rolling roller on the seedling raising box. The roller step is performed when the soil cover is lifted after the seeded paddy is sown.

The compaction roller may have a roller width longer than the short side and / or the long side of the nursery box.

In the roller step, the rolling roller may be rolled on the nursery box along the short side or the long side direction of the nursery box.

In the roller step, the rolling roller may be reciprocally rolled along the short side or the long side direction of the nursery box.

Before sowing, the seed rice is soaked in water at 10 to 16 ° C for 4 to 7 days, and then soaked in water at 27 to 33 ° C for 1 to 2 days, and the seed rice is soaked in water at 3 to 8 ° C for 7 to 7 to. A low-temperature treatment of storage for 10 days may be performed, and on the third day of the low-temperature treatment, the seed paddy may be immersed in cold water for half a day for hydration treatment.

It is a perspective view which shows the state of the roller process of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the seedling at the time of completion of raising a seedling which concerns on an Example. It is a figure which shows the seedling at the time of completion of raising a seedling which concerns on a comparative example. It is a figure which compared the seedlings of an Example and a comparative example side by side. It is a figure which shows the state which the seedling of a comparative example was transplanted to a paddy field. It is a figure which shows the state which the seedling of a comparative example was transplanted to a paddy field. It is a figure which shows the state which the seedling of an Example was transplanted to a paddy field.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The treatments and steps to be carried out in the method of raising seedlings of paddy rice will be described.

<Salt water selection>
Since seeds with a high germination rate are used, salt water selection is performed. In the case of glutinous rice, add about 5 kg of salt to 20 liters of water, mix well and dissolve to make salt water. After adding seed paddy to this salt water and mixing well, scoop up the seed paddy that has floated and use only the seed paddy that has sunk for raising seedlings. Immediately after selecting salt water, wash the seeds thoroughly with running water to thoroughly wash away the salt. As for the salt water selected for salt water, 4 to 6 kg of salt may be added to 20 liters of water.

<Seed disinfection>
To prevent blast and bakanae, unsterilized seeds should be disinfected. Perform hot water disinfection or chemical disinfection. For hot water disinfection, soak in hot water at 60 ° C for 10 minutes and then expose to cold water to cool sufficiently.

<Sprouting treatment>
The seed paddy is soaked in water at 10 to 16 ° C. for 4 to 7 days, and then soaked in water at 27 to 33 ° C. for 1 to 2 days. Adjust so that the integrated temperature (temperature x number of days) is 100 ° C, although it depends on the product type. It is considered that the germination process is completed when some seeds have buds of about 1 to 2 mm.

<Low temperature treatment>
The seed paddy is stored at 3 to 8 ° C. for 7 to 10 days using a low temperature storage or the like. When a low temperature storage is used, it is preferable to hydrate the seeds by immersing them in cold water for half a day on the third day of the low temperature treatment in order to prevent the seeds from becoming too dry. The seed paddy after the water reinforcement treatment is drained to the extent that water does not drip, and then the seed paddy is subjected to the low temperature treatment again in the low temperature storage. However, when low-temperature treatment is performed using a storage for vegetables, drying of the seed paddy can be suppressed, so that water reinforcement treatment is not always necessary.

<Preparation of materials>
The seedling raising box may be either for middle-aged seedlings or for seedlings, but a seedling raising box for seedlings, which has roots that do not easily penetrate from the bottom and has excellent water retention, is preferable. In order to promote the initial growth and prevent the fertilizer from running out, it is preferable to use a bed soil containing 1.5 to 1.7 kg of nitrogen component per box.

<Sowing>
Sow with a seeding amount of 310 to 375 g of germinated paddy (250 to 300 g of dry paddy). After sowing, cover the seeds with soil to cover them sufficiently.

<Sprouting>
For sprouting, a seedling raising device may be used, or the seedling raising box may be placed flat without heating, but it is preferable to use a seedling raising device in order to obtain uniform bud alignment in a short period of time. Seedlings will germinate in 2 to 3 days if placed flat, and in 4 to 5 days if placed flat. The buds should be less than 1 cm. If the buds are extended to 1 cm or more, the waist becomes taller and it becomes easier to grow up. When the buds are evenly sprouted, arrange the nursery boxes in the house.

<Greening-hardening>
Grow in the house until the leaves are 2-3 leaves and the plant height is 10-15 cm. Ventilate for 1 day when the leaves are 1 to 1.5 leaves to prevent legginess and illness. Sufficient ventilation can prevent the inside of the house from becoming hot and humid, and prevent legginess, seedling blight, and stuffy seedlings.

<Roller process>
As the shoots grow, the soil cover is lifted. When the soil cover is lifted, it is dried for half a day, and then the rolling roller is rolled on the nursery box to remove the soil cover. In addition, when a rolling roller is used, the stem of the seedling is bent, but ethylene is produced inside the bent seedling due to stress, and the stem becomes thick while rooting, and the legginess can be suppressed. In addition, by applying stress evenly to the entire seedling with a rolling roller, the plant height becomes uniform, transplanting troubles are reduced, and planting accuracy is improved.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which the rolling roller 2 is rolled on the nursery box 1. The nursery box 1 is a rectangular box in a plan view. The outer shape of the nursery box 1 is 300 mm on the short side and 600 mm on the long side of the rectangle in a plan view. A plurality of nursery boxes 1 are arranged side by side in the short side direction and the long side direction.

The rolling roller 2 includes a roller portion 21 and a handle portion 22. A weight base 22a for mounting a weight and adjusting the weight may be provided above the roller portion 21 at the tip of the handle portion 22.

The roller portion 21 is rolled on the nursery box 1, specifically, on the edge of the nursery box 1 along the long side direction of the nursery box 1. In other words, the roller portion 21 is rolled in a state where the roller shaft is parallel to the short side direction of the nursery box 1. The roller width w of the roller portion 21 is longer than the short side of the nursery box 1. As a result, the roller portion 21 of the rolling roller 2 is rolled while being reliably supported by the edge portion of the seedling raising box 1, so that the risk of excessive damage to the seedlings during work can be reduced.

The roller width w of the roller portion 21 is preferably longer than twice the short side of the nursery box 1. As a result, the roller portion 21 is rolled over the edges of the seedling raising box 1 at at least three places, so that the roller portion 21 does not tilt with respect to the seedling raising box 1 and uniformly stresses the seedlings. can.

The roller width w of the roller portion 21 is 900 to 1100 mm. The roller diameter of the roller portion 21 is 150 to 200 mm. The total weight of the rolling roller 2 including the weight is 30 to 40 kg.

The rolling roller 2 is preferably rolled back and forth along the long side direction of the nursery box 1. By performing the rolling work by the rolling roller 2 in a reciprocating manner, an appropriate damage stress can be given to the seedlings.

The roller process is preferably carried out three times at a pace of about once a week. The first time is performed when the soil cover is lifted after emergence, for example, when the leaf age is 1.2 leaves and the plant height is about 4 cm. The second time is performed about one week after the first time, for example, when the leaves are 1.4 to 1.5 leaves and the plant height is about 6 to 7 cm. The third time is performed about one week after the second time, for example, when the leaves are 1.8 to 2 leaves and the plant height is about 10 cm.

<Pool raising seedlings>
It is preferable to put the nursery box 1 in the simple pool created in the house when the seedlings have about 1.5 leaves. The depth of water should be less than or equal to the height of the nursery box 1 so that the growth point of the buds does not become oxygen deficient.

<Completion of raising seedlings>
Raising seedlings is completed when the two leaves have expanded and the plant height has reached 10 to 12 cm. The seedling raising period is 15 to 20 days, depending on the area. If it is 25 days or more, the fertilizer will run out, the seedlings will turn yellow, and the seedlings will become aging. It also increases the possibility of stuffy seedlings.

[Examples and Comparative Examples]
FIG. 2 shows a state at the time of completing seedling raising of paddy rice (Example) in which the seedling raising method according to the present embodiment was carried out. The plant height is about 10 cm and is evenly arranged. FIG. 3 shows a state at the time of completing seedling raising of paddy rice (comparative example) in which the seedling raising method according to the present embodiment was not carried out. The plant height varies from about 8 to 11 cm. FIG. 4 is a photograph of side-by-side comparison of seedlings of Examples and Comparative Examples. The right is an example and the left is a comparative example. In the comparative example, the plant height is different and the legginess is longer than that of the example.

5A and 5B show how the seedlings of the comparative example were transplanted to the paddy field using a transplanter. In the seedlings of the comparative example, the number of plants to be planted varied due to the variation of the legginess, resulting in a shortage of plants, and the rooting was insufficient, so that the seedlings could not be planted properly and flowed. On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows a state in which the seedlings of the example were transplanted to the paddy field using a transplanting machine, and the seedlings of the example did not cause a stock shortage and did not flow after planting.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, it should be considered that the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments. The scope of the present invention is shown not only by the description of the above-described embodiment but also by the scope of claims, and further includes all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

1 Seedling box 2 Rolling roller 21 Roller part w Roller width

Claims (5)

A sowing process in which paddy rice seeds are sown and covered with soil in a rectangular nursery box in a plan view.
A roller step of rolling a rolling roller on the seedling raising box, and the like.
The roller step is a method for raising seedlings of paddy rice, which is performed when the soil cover is lifted after the seeded paddy is sown. The method for raising seedlings of paddy rice according to claim 1, wherein the rolling roller has a roller width longer than the short side and / or the long side of the seedling raising box. The method for raising seedlings of paddy rice according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the roller step, the rolling roller is rolled on the seedling raising box along the short side or the long side direction of the seedling raising box. The method for raising seedlings of paddy rice according to claim 3, wherein in the roller step, the rolling roller is reciprocally rolled along the short side or the long side direction of the seedling raising box. Before sowing, the seed paddy is soaked in water at 10 to 16 ° C. for 4 to 7 days, and then soaked in water at 27 to 33 ° C. for 1 to 2 days. After low temperature treatment that is stored for 10 days,
The method for raising seedlings of paddy rice according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the seed paddy is immersed in cold water for half a day to perform a hydration treatment on the third day of the low temperature treatment.

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