JP4577561B2 - Seed forming method and sowing seed forming apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for forming seeds that have been germinated and dried (hereinafter referred to as “seeding seeds”) and a germination apparatus.

  Traditionally, vegetation aimed at growing plants is to prevent erosion caused by rainwater, mitigate temperature changes on the ground surface, prevent freezing, suppress collapse due to tight binding of the root system, and harmonize the natural environment around the slopes by greening. As a slope protection work such as. In addition, it is widely used as a means to promote greening in a wide range at a low price such as golf courses and creation sites.

  There are various types of vegetation methods, such as, for example, a spraying method, a vegetation mat method, a vegetation board method, a vegetation bag method, a vegetation hole method, a vegetation rebar method, a muscle, and the like shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. There are turf works, Zhang turf works, etc., and they are selected and implemented as appropriate according to the soil quality, slope, and region (cold or mountainous areas). Moreover, these vegetation works are often constructed in combination with slope protection works such as frame work and netting work.

Examples of seeds used for vegetation include herbs such as weaving lovegrass and wild buckwheat, woody species such as Nanaminoki, Soyogo, Nurde, and vines such as Teikazura and Ivy. For vegetation, the construction time is very important, and it is necessary to select the seed type and construction time in consideration of the weather conditions in the construction area. In the sowing process, fertilizers such as bark compost, curing materials such as asphalt emulsion for preventing seed runoff and drying, and auxiliary materials such as mats and nets are used in combination.
JP-A-6-049848 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-036311 JP-A-8-225704

  The biggest problem with vegetation is the low germination rate. The purpose of the various construction methods disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents, etc. and the soil stabilization composition disclosed in patent document 3 is to increase the germination rate, but at most 50% The current situation is that the germination rate is only about 70%. The germination status is generally based on the number of germinations per unit area 60 days or 120 days after construction, but if the germination rate is low, it may lead to reworking or full reworking. Maintenance such as watering and top fertilization is also wasted, leading to significant losses. Moreover, the disaster prevention effect and environmental conservation effect in vegetation work increase with the growth of the plant body, but there is almost no effect immediately after construction, and the improvement of the germination rate is an important factor in terms of the substantial aspect.

Also, conventionally, in order to increase the germination rate, there is a tendency to avoid construction in the summer, leading to the possibility of collapse, and the slope or ground where the ground is exposed are left for a long period of time. Furthermore, as a means for compensating for a decrease in germination rate, a method of sowing a large amount of seeds has been employed, which has been a cause of an increase in construction costs. For example, although bark is strong against treading pressure and has excellent disease resistance among lawns, there is a basic problem that its cost is high in the turf turf practiced in general. Although it is possible to construct a wide area at a low cost by sowing by spraying, it is a very effective means, but there are fundamental problems that are low in germination rate and require a long time for growth. Moreover, the construction period is limited to April to June, and since it takes 4 to 5 months to complete, it is hardly adopted.

  Therefore, the present inventor has been able to achieve the present invention as a result of intensive studies in view of the above problems, and the feature thereof is a method of forming seeds for sowing for seeding for greening vegetation, A seed agitation step by means of a stirring blade provided in the rotary drum filled with seeds in a rotary drum provided with a large number of through holes on the peripheral surface provided in a water tank having a water supply / drainage function, The water drainage process in the water tank, the dehydration process by the rotation of the rotating drum, and the water supply process to the water tank are repeated as appropriate, and then formed from the dehydration process to the drying process by the fan.

  In addition, a device for forming seeds for sowing for the purpose of greening vegetation, a housing provided with an open / close lid, a water tank provided with a water supply / drainage function in the housing, A rotating drum provided in the water tank and having a number of through holes on the peripheral surface and provided with stirring blades, a temperature adjusting device for controlling the water temperature in the water tank, a blower for sending air into the water tank, and the rotating drum And a fan that feeds air into the seeds to dry the seeds.

  As used herein, “germination” refers to an artificial treatment that promotes the initiation of bud formation or the development of dormant buds, or makes germination uniform. Germination is performed, for example, by a step of immersing in warm water of about 30 ° C. to 35 ° C. for about 5 to 10 days (replacing water as appropriate). Through this process, the seeds break into the shell and become a so-called pigeon breast state in which the heads of the buds protrude. Usually, seeds with low solidity are removed in advance by water selection or salt water selection (selecting seeds in water or salt water) or germination after sterilization. In some cases, the seed is immersed in water at about 15 ° C. for about 2 to 4 days as a pretreatment for the germination step.

  Since the sprouting seeds are grown as they are and the growth proceeds, so-called bud stopping is performed to stop the growth and make it dormant. Seeds that have been sprouting and have been bud-stopped are seeds for sowing according to the present invention. Sprouting is performed by drying after the germination step. Drying is performed with the target of about 10% to 20% moisture, and usually takes about 1 to 2 days. Germinated seeds can be used for weighing, storage, etc. by making them dry, and can be handled in the same manner as seeds that have not been germinated in spraying machines. As a drying means, air or warm air is blown in with a blower or the like. Moreover, it is also possible to carry out cooling drying and freeze-drying by making it dry to some extent, and storing in a refrigerator or a freezer. As the sprouting means, it can be performed by immersing the seeds in water at about 10 ° C. for several hours in a rotating drum after completion of sprouting, and cooling the sprouting seeds.

  In the drying process by blowing, drying can be accelerated by sending air of about 20 ° C. or higher. However, germination may progress before drying, and if the bud grows, the bud is likely to be damaged by a measuring device or a spraying machine. Therefore, cold air drying is preferable when the temperature exceeds 15 ° C. Drying may be used in combination. However, in consideration of the progress of germination in the drying step, the germination step in the germination tank can be rounded up early to enter the drying step, and the seeding seed formation period can be shortened.

  The sowing seeds formed by the sowing seed forming method and the sowing seed forming apparatus according to the present invention are vegetated by directly or indirectly sowing on a slope, a land or the like. The seeding means is not particularly limited, and is performed by a method similar to that conventionally used for vegetation, such as the above-described seed spraying and vegetation bag construction.

  “Water tank” refers to a container for germination by immersing seeds in water. The water tank is not particularly limited as long as it can store water in order to immerse seeds, and its structure and shape are not particularly limited. Usually, it has a water supply / drainage function for exchanging and circulating water. Moreover, it is preferable to fill the seeds at a position away from the bottom of the water tank to some extent so as not to come into contact with the sediment accumulated at the bottom of the water tank. In the present invention, a series of steps from sprouting to drying is performed in a water tank.

  The water tank is provided with a circulation device such as a blower in order to supply oxygen to the internal water. In addition, a temperature control device such as a heater or a cooler is provided to adjust the water temperature. As the air supply means, for example, air may be mixed into the water using a shower or a water drop, or air may be introduced at a negative pressure by providing an air supply pipe in a water supply pipe or the like.

  “Rotating drum” refers to a container for filling seeds. In the seed forming apparatus for seeding according to the present invention, seeds are filled in a rotating drum provided in a water tank. The rotating drum is made of metal or plastic, and has a large number of through holes on the peripheral surface. Depending on the type of seed, there are granules with a diameter of about 1 mm. Therefore, a net-like body such as fine cloth, metal, plastic or nonwoven fabric may be provided on the inner and outer surfaces of the rotating drum to cover the through hole. Good. In addition, the rotating drum can be formed of a material having a large number of through-holes such as a mesh body. As a structure in which seeds are filled in a container formed of a separate mesh body and this is loaded into the rotating drum. Also good. In this case, a container corresponding to the type of seed can be used, and the removal is also easy. In the case of a structure in which separate containers are mounted on the rotating drum, it is also possible to mount a plurality of containers on the rotating drum to stop the germination of a plurality of seeds.

Thus, by filling the rotating drum with seeds, germination can be efficiently performed by floating and stirring with a stirring blade while the seeds are immersed in warm water. After finishing the germination step, the rotating drum is rotated to dehydrate the seeds and dried by the above-described means. Although it can be stopped simultaneously by drying, it may be dried after passing cold water through the water tank to stop the bud. Drying is performed by blowing air from a fan, but a heater is provided in the fan so that warm air is sent. When drying, it is efficient to rotate the rotating drum.

  The seeding method for sowing according to the present invention can automatically process various steps from seed germination to drying, and can easily and reliably form seeds for seeding after germination has been stopped. Become. By sowing the seed for sowing on a slope or the like, the germination rate can be increased to 80% or more, and germination can be accelerated to reduce seed outflow. This leads to the shortening of the period until the vegetation covers the entire surface of the slope and the like and can exert the erosion prevention effect after construction, thereby achieving the purpose of the vegetation work early and reliably.

  In addition, by increasing the germination rate, it is possible to reduce the amount of seeds used by about 30% to 50%, thereby reducing the cost. In particular, for barnyards and the like, the turf turf work that sticks cut grass was mainly performed, but by using the sprouting seeds, vegetation can be planted by a highly efficient and inexpensive method by spraying. Furthermore, since the range of construction time is widened, the slopes to be constructed are not left for a long time, which is advantageous for land managers, local governments, and contractors.

The seed forming apparatus for seeding according to the present invention can process the steps from sprouting to sprouting consistently only by filling seeds in a rotating drum, and the seed sprouting efficiency becomes extremely high. Furthermore, drying can be performed reliably, bud prevention efficiency is high, quality is constant, and management is easy. In addition, it has extremely beneficial effects such as being able to stop budding at low cost with little effort.

The present invention has solved the above-mentioned problems by facilitating the formation of seeds for seeding that has been germinated and dried, and dramatically increasing the germination rate in vegetation. In addition, the seeds are filled in a rotating drum and automatically performed consistently from sprouting to sprouting, thereby providing stable quality at low cost to various vegetation workers.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a seed forming apparatus 1 for seeding according to the present invention, which includes a rotating drum 4 that is rotationally driven inside a water tank 3 provided in a housing 2, and seeds S are filled in the rotating drum 4. This is a device that automatically processes the process from sprouting to sprouting. The rotating drum 4 has a large number of through holes 41 having a diameter of about 2 mm on the peripheral surface and a stirring blade 42 on the inner bottom surface. In the water tank 3, a water supply pipe 31 and a drain pipe 32 for exchanging water, a blower 33 for supplying oxygen to the water in the water tank 3, a temperature adjusting device 34 for adjusting the water temperature, and an open / close lid 21 of the housing 2 are dried. A fan 5 is provided. The control panel for controlling these is provided with a water supply / drainage setting switch 22, a water temperature setting switch 23, a lamp 24 for displaying various processes such as germination, dehydration, drying, and completion, a buzzer, and the like.

  As a seed formation method for seeding according to the present invention, first, the rotating drum 4 is filled with seeds S, and the water tank 3 is filled with water. As a result, the seed S filled in the rotating drum 4 is immersed in water adjusted in temperature and supplied with oxygen, and the sprouting process is performed while floating and stirring in the water by the stirring blade 42 as shown in FIG. Generally, as a pretreatment for germinating the seed S, the seed S is soaked in water at about 15 ° C. for 2 to 4 days. Is preferred. In the apparatus 1 of the present invention, these steps can be incorporated, and the seed S may be simply immersed in water without operating the stirring blade 42. The sprouting step is performed while adjusting the water temperature to about 30 ° C. to 35 ° C. (daytime) and 13 ° C. to 30 ° C. (nighttime), operating the stirring blade 42 and stirring the seed S.

In the early stage of germination, the water is replaced about every 6 hours. After that, the water is changed about twice a day in the morning and evening, and the seed S swells like a pigeon in about one week, and the germination is completed. When the sprouting process is completed, the water in the water tank 3 is drained as shown in FIG. 3A, and the rotating drum 4 is rotated at about 500 to 1000 rpm for 2 to 5 minutes for dehydration. When the dehydration is completed, it is dried by the fan 5 as shown in FIG. In this case, the rotating drum 4 is also rotated by about 5 rpm. By drying the seed S, buds are stopped and seeds for sowing are formed.

Depending on the type of seed S filled in the rotating drum 4, there are fine granular materials. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the net-like container 43 is filled with the seed S and mounted on the rotating drum 4. preferable. In addition, if a plurality of reticulated containers 43 are attached to the rotating drum 4 as shown in FIG. 5, it becomes possible to simultaneously stop germination of several kinds of seeds S. For example, by using a reticulate body container 43 that divides the rotating drum 4 into three parts, it is possible to stop germination of three kinds of seeds S such as Yamagi, Medhagi, and Komatsunagi. When sprouting is stopped in parallel with a plurality of types of seeds S, since the time of completion of sprouting is different, the seeds S that have been sprouting may be sequentially taken out and dried. In addition, it is also possible to replace the seed S after germination as shown in FIG.

It is sectional drawing which shows one Example of the seed formation apparatus for sowing based on this invention. Example 1 It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the state in which a seed is germinated with the seed formation apparatus for sowing which concerns on this invention. (Example 2) (A) (b) is sectional drawing which shows an example of the state which germinates a seed with the seed formation apparatus for sowing which concerns on this invention, respectively. It is a side view which shows the other Example of the seed formation apparatus for sowing which concerns on this invention. (Example 3) It is a side view which shows the other Example of the seed formation apparatus for sowing which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

S Seed 1 Seeding device for sowing 2 Case
21 Opening and closing lid
22 Water supply / drainage setting switch
23 Water temperature setting switch
24 lamp 3 water tank
31 Water supply pipe
32 Drain pipe
33 Blower
34 Temperature controller 4 Rotating drum
41 Through hole
42 Stirring blade
43 Reticulated container
44 containers 5 fans

Claims (7)

  A method for forming seeds for seeding for the purpose of greening vegetation, wherein seeds are filled in a rotating drum having a large number of through holes in a circumferential surface provided in a water tank having a water supply / drainage function. Each of the steps of stirring seeds with a stirring blade provided in the rotating drum filled with water, draining the water in the aquarium, dehydrating by rotating the rotating drum, and supplying the water into the aquarium is repeated as appropriate. And then forming a seed for seeding from a dehydration process through a drying process using a fan.   The seed formation method for sowing according to claim 1, wherein the stirring step is performed while supplying water to the water in the water tank.   The seed forming method for sowing according to claim 1, wherein the drying step is performed while rotating the rotary drum.   The seed forming method for seeding according to claim 1, wherein the rotating drum is equipped with one or a plurality of net-like containers filled with seeds.   An apparatus for forming seeds for seeding for the purpose of greening vegetation, comprising a casing provided with an open / close lid, a water tank provided in the casing and having a water supply / drainage function, and a seed filling means A rotating drum having a large number of through holes on the peripheral surface and provided with stirring blades, a temperature adjusting device for controlling the water temperature in the water tank, a blower for sending air into the water tank, and air in the rotating drum A seed forming device for sowing, characterized by comprising a fan for feeding seeds and drying seeds.   The seed forming apparatus for seeding according to claim 5, wherein the fan is provided on the opening / closing lid.   6. The seed forming device for seeding according to claim 5, wherein the rotating drum is provided with one or a plurality of net-like containers filled with seeds.

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