JP2005269903A - Forcing cultivation method for asparagus using mulch film, and mulch film for forcing cultivation of asparagus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a forcing cultivation method for asparagus using mulch film by which fertilizer effect is retained, asparagus is grown into a large stock one in a short period of time so as to harvest the asparagus in an early time: and to provide mulching film for forcing cultivation of asparagus. <P>SOLUTION: The forcing cultivation method for asparagus using mulch film comprises the following process: forming a levee 10 in a paddy field; covering the levee 10 with asparagus-cultivation mulching film; planting asparagus stocks P in planting holes respectively to grow the asparagus large. The levee 10 has a height of 20-50cm from the surface of the field. The mulching film for forcing cultivation of asparagus has a plurality of the planting holes 2 formed along the length direction of the film in a single line at predetermined intervals, and supplementary fertilization holes 3 for making supplementary fertilization in adjacent to the planting holes 2 respectively. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an asparagus multi-forcing cultivation method and an asparagus forcing cultivation multi-film, and more particularly, an asparagus multi-film capable of growing in a short period of time and capable of harvesting in a short period of time. It is related with the forcing cultivation method and the multifilm for forcing cultivation of asparagus.

  Asparagus has thick string-like storage roots in the soil, and young shoots that sprout from the buds at the tip of the rhizome are edible. The shoots turn to green-purple green asparagus when exposed to light, and light yellow white asparagus when blocked.

  At present, asparagus is mainly used for open-air cultivation, and after planting, the first one to two years, the first one to two years, we tried to cultivate the strains, and after adopting a slow cultivation method such as harvesting after growing into large stocks. ing. For this reason, it becomes a gorgeous garden after 5 to 6 years, and finally harvesting is continued until 10 to 15 years later.

  However, as long-term cultivation increases, the number of strains due to diseases increases, and it becomes difficult to prevent them. It is often advantageous to avoid it.

  Asparagus is a short-day, low-temperature dormant crop. In outdoor cultivation, dormancy is completely awakened, and when the average temperature is about 5 ° C. or higher, budding begins, and after that, when it exceeds about 10 ° C. Furthermore, after mid-December, the start of the harvest season can be accelerated from March onwards by covering the house with a tunnel or house. And at the end of the harvest, the optimal temperature for growth is 15 to 20 ° C., so it will be around October in the whole country.

  In other words, the harvest period in the open ground, simple tunnels and house covers is from March to October.

  On the other hand, there is forcing cultivation for the purpose of shipping in the off-season period (December to March). In this cultivation, a root stock that has grown sufficiently from late November to early December is dug out, buried in a hotbed in the house, and cultivated while warming. Depending on the region, this is so-called submerged cultivation in which the root stock is refrigerated for dormancy awakening.

In this submerged cultivation, it is important to plant well-grown stocks, so-called large stocks, in a hotbed, and to sprout and grow all at once in a short period of time. The point is how to make high-quality large stocks by around November. become. Large stocks are usually used once.
Agricultural Cooperative Edition “Ecology and cropping of vegetables” pp.263-265

  There are several problems when trying to cultivate high quality large stocks in the open area in a short period of time. First, in order to cultivate a stock to a large stock that can be harvested in a short period of time, it is necessary to provide sufficient nutrients to the stock. It is difficult to sustain the fertilizer effect due to runoff, and there is a lot of loss even after topdressing.

  Secondly, in order for the roots to grow sufficiently, it is necessary to have enough oxygen in the soil, and it is important that there are many soil voids. It will hinder growth.

  Thirdly, since the roots extend freely underground, when roots are dug, the roots are damaged. This is a big problem because it greatly affects the sprouting and budding after lying on the hotbed.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a multi-forcing method for asparagus and a multi-film for forcing cultivation of asparagus that can sustain the effect of fertilizer, can grow into large stocks in a short period of time, and enable early harvesting. This is the issue.

  The other subject of this invention becomes clear by the following description.

  The above problems are solved by the following inventions.

  (Claim 1) An asparagus multi-forced cultivation method in which a cocoon is formed in a field, the cocoon is covered with a multi-film for asparagus cultivation, and a plant of asparagus is planted in each fixed planting hole to grow a large stock. The cocoon is a high cocoon of 20 cm or more and 50 cm or less from the field scene, and the asparagus cultivation multi-film has a plurality of fixed planting holes provided at predetermined intervals along the length direction of the film. A method for multi-forcing cultivation of asparagus, characterized by having a hole for additional fertilization in the vicinity of each fixed planting hole.

  (Claim 2) The multi-facilitation of asparagus according to claim 1, wherein the interval between the fixed planting holes is 30 to 70 cm, and the interval between the fixed planting hole and the additional fertilizer hole is 5 to 20 cm. Cultivation method.

  (Claim 3) The method of multi-forcing cultivation of asparagus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a hole diameter of the fixed planting hole is 3 to 10 cm and a hole diameter of the hole for additional fertilization is 1 to 10 cm. .

  (Claim 4) The multi-forcing cultivation method of asparagus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one of the front surface and the back surface of the film is black.

  (Claim 5) It has a plurality of fixed planting holes provided at predetermined intervals in a line along the length direction of the film, and has additional fertilizer holes for performing additional fertilization in the vicinity of each fixed planting hole. Multi film for forcing cultivation of asparagus.

  (Claim 6) The forcing cultivation of asparagus according to claim 5, wherein the interval between the fixed planting holes is 30 to 70 cm, and the interval between the fixed planting hole and the hole for additional fertilization is 5 to 20 cm. Multi film.

  (7) The asparagus forcing cultivation mulch according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the hole diameter of the fixed planting hole is 3 to 10 cm, and the hole diameter of the additional fertilizer hole is 1 to 10 cm. the film.

  (Claim 8) The multi-film for forcing cultivation of asparagus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein at least one of the front surface or the back surface of the film is black.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a multi-forcing method for asparagus and a multi-film for forcing cultivation of asparagus, which has a long-lasting effect of fertilizer, can be grown into a large stock in a short period of time, and enables early harvesting. can do.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a partial plan view of a multi-film for forcing cultivation of asparagus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a use state of the multi-film for forcing cultivation of asparagus according to the present invention. Is shown.

  The multi-film for forcing cultivation of asparagus according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of planting holes 2 for planting asparagus strains P along the length direction of the film 1 at regular intervals. In the vicinity of the hole 2, additional fertilizer holes 3 for performing additional fertilization are provided.

  The fixed planting holes 2 are provided in a line along the length direction of the film 1. By arranging in this one line, it becomes possible to train an asparagus stock into a large stock.

  When planting in a plurality of rows of two or more rows, if the root portion is greatly extended, the root portion of the parallel strains will be entangled, so that it is necessary to increase the interval. For this reason, since each strain will be arranged so as to be offset to the both sides of the cocoon, the root portion will also protrude out of the cocoon, and when digging the strain after training, the root Pa is machined There is a risk of cutting.

  The hole for additional fertilization 3 is a hole for allowing fertilizer to be repeatedly applied according to the growth of the strain P in the vicinity of the root portion Pa of the asparagus strain P planted in each fixed planting hole 2, Although it is provided in the vicinity of the fixed planting hole 2, it is only necessary to provide one or more for each fixed planting hole 2.

  In general, it is considered that the holes other than the fixed planting holes in the mulch film reduce the mulch effect (water retention, rise in soil temperature, suppression of grass, fertilizer retention, soil disease reduction, etc.). Providing a separate hole 3 is considered negative for the growth of the strain P. However, the present inventor has found that when forcing cultivation of asparagus with a multi-film, it is possible to obtain an effect sufficient to compensate for this minus by providing the multi-film with a hole 3 for additional fertilization. That is, as described above, the top fertilizer hole 3 not only improves the workability when the top fertilization is effectively repeated in accordance with the growth of the strain P, but oxygen in the air is trapped from the top fertilizer hole 3. It is considered that the oxygen necessary for the root portion Pa can be sufficiently supplied to the root portion Pa, and as a result, the ground portion can also be brought into a good effect. Furthermore, when rainwater enters from the top fertilizer hole 3, the fertilizer and water move from the upper part of the ridge 10 to the lower side, the fertilizer absorption efficiency in the root Pa is improved, and it is considered effective for hydration. As a result, the top fertilization effect and synergistic effect with the original multi-effect promote the early growth of the stock P, and the supplemental hole 3 functions rather effectively in increasing the size of the asparagus stock P in a short period of time. It is thought that.

  The position of the additional fertilizer hole 3 relative to the fixed planting hole 2 is arbitrary as long as it is in the vicinity of the fixed planting hole 2, but as shown in FIG. 1, the fixed planting hole 2 and the additional fertilizer hole 3 are along the length direction of the film 1. It is preferable to provide them so as to be on the same row because the establishment of each planting hole 2 and each additional fertilization hole 3 is simplified in film production. Moreover, since each fixed planting hole 2 is arrange | positioned at the top part of the ridge 10 at the time of coating | covering the film 1, as shown in FIG. 2, when each hole 3 for additional fertilization is provided on the same row | line as this, for each additional fertilization Similarly, the hole 3 is also arranged at the top of the rod 10, and it is possible to prevent the fertilizer and soil in the rod 10 from flowing out from the top fertilizer hole 3 due to rain or the like.

  It is preferable that the space | interval A of each planting hole 2 is 30-70 cm. If it is smaller than 30 cm, the roots Pa of the stock P when cultivated into large stocks may be entangled with each other, and if it is larger than 70 cm, the number of planted plants may be reduced due to an excessive interval. There is. More preferably, it is 40-50 cm. This interval A is the distance between the centers of the fixed planting holes 2.

Moreover, it is preferable that the space | interval B between the fixed planting hole 2 and the hole 3 for additional fertilization is 5-20 cm.
If it is smaller than 5 cm, it may come into contact with the root ends of the young plants and cause fertilizer or burns. Moreover, when larger than 20 cm, it becomes difficult to effectively fertilize in the vicinity of the root Pa of the strain P. More preferably, it is 10-15 cm. This space | interval B is the distance between the centers of the additional fertilizer hole 3 adjacent to the fixed planting hole.

  The diameter of each fixed planting hole 2 is preferably 3 to 10 cm. If it is smaller than 3 cm, it causes breakage of vegetative roots and young stems and causes planting pain. On the other hand, if it is larger than 10 cm, the multi-effect (temperature increase) is reduced, which causes frequent weeds. More preferably, it is 5 to 8 cm.

  The hole diameter of each additional fertilizer hole 3 is preferably 1 to 10 cm. If it is smaller than 1 cm, the operation of the machine for top dressing becomes difficult, and the top dressing work becomes difficult even by manual work. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10 cm, topdressing work is easy, but the multi-effect (temperature increase) is reduced, frequent weeds occur, and erosion damage due to heavy rain increases. More preferably, it is 5-7 cm.

  The shape of the fixed planting hole 2 and the additional fertilizer hole 3 is not limited to the circular shape shown in the figure, but each hole diameter is a diameter when it is circular, and is the maximum length of a diagonal line when it is a square shape.

  It is preferable that at least one of the front surface or the back surface of the film 1 is black. The effect of suppressing the growth of weeds and moss can be expected. As such a film 1, the aspect which laminates | stacks a black film layer on the surface or the back surface of the film 1, or gives black coating other than the aspect which makes the film 1 whole the black film is considered. When the back surface of the film 1 (the surface in contact with the ridge 10) is black, the surface of the film 1 is preferably white or silver.

  In order to perform asparagus forcing cultivation using such a multi-film for asparagus forcing cultivation, as shown in FIG. 2, cocoon 10 is formed on the open ground, and each planting hole 2 and each After covering the ridge 10 with the film 1 so that the top fertilizer holes 3 are arranged, the asparagus strain P is planted in each of the fixed planting holes 2.

  At this time, in order to increase the capacity of the root portion Pa of the strain P as much as possible, the height of the ridge 10 is formed high. In the present invention, the ridge 10 is formed into a high ridge of 20 cm to 50 cm from the farm scene.

  Thus, even if the ridge 10 is raised, the shape can be held by the film 1.

  In addition, by raising the ridge 10 in this way, the root Pa of the large stock can be concentrated under the mulch, reducing the risk of damaging the root Pa when digging the strain P from the ridge 10 after training, There is also an advantage that can be easily digged up.

  After planting the stock P in each planting hole 2, additional fertilization is performed. The additional fertilization is performed a plurality of times in accordance with the rapid growth of the strain P so that sufficient nutrients are distributed to the strain P. If a large amount of fertilizer is supplied at first, so-called manure may be caused and the root Pa may be damaged. Therefore, it is preferable to divide into multiple times according to the growth.

  The number of top dressing is preferably about 4 to 8 times after planting until digging. At this time, additional fertilization can be effectively performed in the vicinity of the root Pa of each strain P from each additional fertilization hole 3. The fertilizer may be powdery, granular, or liquid.

  Others are carried out in the same manner as ordinary mulch cultivation, so that the asparagus strain P can be cultivated to a large stock within a short period of time due to the additional fertilization effect and the mulch effect.

  Hereinafter, the effect of the present invention is illustrated by examples.

(Example)
120 seedlings of asparagus (variety: welcome) on the 79th day after sowing were prepared and from May 10, 2003 on the following conditions at the experimental farm (Mokudo, Aomori Prefecture) Multi-cultivation was carried out between December 10, 2003.

As the multifilm, a film obtained by subjecting a commercially available black multifilm having a width of 110 cm and a thickness of 20 μm to the following hole processing was used.
Fixed planting hole diameter: 6cm
Fixed planting hole interval: 40cm
Additional fertilizer hole diameter: 6cm
Spacing hole spacing: 40cm
Spacing between fixed planting hole and additional fertilizer hole: 13cm
In addition, the fixed planting hole and the hole for additional fertilization were arrange | positioned on the same row along the length direction of a film.

  The above-mentioned film was used to cover a ridge surface as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the number of rows of the ridges was two rows of the test group X and the control group Y, and the film-coated ridge width was 70 cm, the ridge width was 50 cm, and the ridge height was 25 cm.
Fertilizer at the time of planting per 10a:
・ "Polyphos" 240kg made by Coop Chemical Co.
・ Kumiai Fertilizer Co., Ltd.
・ Kumiai Fertilizer “Long Vegetable 2” 40kg

  As a fertilizer for additional fertilizer per 10a, 100 kg of “Kinai fertilizer” manufactured by Kumiai Fertilizer Co., Ltd. was used and fed from each additional fertilizer hole every 5 days from June 10th.

  After cultivation, the strains were dug up from the straw and the average weight of each strain was examined.

(Comparative example)
Multi-cultivation was performed in the control plot in the same manner as in the above example except that no additional fertilization hole was provided as a multi-film and no additional fertilization was performed from planting, and the average weight of each strain was similarly examined.

(Evaluation)
As a result, in the additional fertilization work, the comparative example required two to three times as long as the example, and the example having the additional fertilization hole could be overwhelmed.

  In addition, the average weight of each strain is 1940 g / strain in the example, 940 g / strain in the comparative example, and the example is more excellent by 30% or more.

  This seems to be because the examples are superior in terms of the uniformity of spraying on the stock and fertilizer penetration into the ground due to rainfall.

Partial plan view of multi-film for forcing cultivation of asparagus It is a perspective view which shows the use condition of the multifilm for forcing cultivation of asparagus, and shows in a partial cross section. The figure which shows the shape of the collar adopted in the example

Explanation of symbols

1: Film 2: Planting hole 3: Additional fertilizer hole 10: Reed P: Asparagus strain Pa: Root

Claims (8)

Asparagus multi-forcing cultivation method of forming a cocoon in a field, covering the cocoon with a multi-film for asparagus cultivation, planting a stock of asparagus in each fixed planting hole and growing a large stock,
The cocoon is a high cocoon of 20 cm to 50 cm from the farm scene,
The multi-film for asparagus cultivation has a plurality of fixed planting holes provided at predetermined intervals in a line along the length direction of the film, and has additional fertilizer holes for performing additional fertilization in the vicinity of each fixed planting hole A multi-forcing cultivation method of asparagus characterized by that.   The multi-forcing cultivation method of asparagus according to claim 1, wherein an interval between the fixed planting holes is 30 to 70 cm, and an interval between the fixed planting hole and the additional fertilizer hole is 5 to 20 cm.   The multi-forcing cultivation method of asparagus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a hole diameter of the fixed planting hole is 3 to 10 cm, and a hole diameter of the hole for additional fertilization is 1 to 10 cm.   The multi-forcing cultivation method of asparagus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one of the film front surface or the back surface is black.   Asparagus forcing characterized by having a plurality of fixed planting holes provided at predetermined intervals along the length direction of the film and having additional fertilizer holes in the vicinity of each fixed planting hole Multi film for cultivation.   The multi-film for forcing cultivation of asparagus according to claim 5, wherein an interval between the fixed planting holes is 30 to 70 cm, and an interval between the fixed planting hole and the additional fertilizer hole is 5 to 20 cm.   The multi-film for forced cultivation of asparagus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a hole diameter of the fixed planting hole is 3 to 10 cm, and a hole diameter of the hole for additional fertilization is 1 to 10 cm.   The multi-film for forcing cultivation of asparagus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein at least one of the film front surface or the back surface is black.

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