JP2004232623A

JP2004232623A - Method for setting expansion stroke rather than actual compression stroke to be longer as referred with relation to stroke in four-cycle gasoline engine

Info

Publication number: JP2004232623A
Application number: JP2003076598A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Osamu Nakada; 治中田
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-02-01
Filing date: 2003-02-01
Publication date: 2004-08-19

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for setting an expansion stroke rather than an actual compression stroke to be longer as referred with relation to piston strokes. <P>SOLUTION: A valve is provided to be opened simultaneously as or with a little delay behind an intake valve dedicated for mixed gas is in an intake stroke, and closed between a point a little after a lower dead point and a little before an upper dead point in the compression stroke. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法と、長く取り過ぎた時の対策と、多気筒の時、他の気筒との関係に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の４サイクルガソリンエンジンにおいては、理論として、
圧縮比＝膨張比
である。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の４サイクルガソリンエンジンにあっては、混合気が爆発に因って膨張する時、膨張してしまう前に、排気工程に移ってしまい、爆発に因って出たエネルギー（パワー、トルク）を十分、ピストン、そして、クランク・シャフトへと伝えられないまま排出してしまう、と言う問題点があった。
【０００４】
本発明は、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、爆発に因って出たエネルギーを、同じ量の燃料を消費するにあたって、より多く、ピストン、そして、クランク・シャフトへと伝える方法を得る事を目的としており、また、該方法を用いた時に、混合気にスムーズな流れを与える事を目的としている。
【０００５】
さらに、多気筒の時、他の気筒との相互性を持たせる事を目的としている。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法においては、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる、弁、を設ける。
【０００７】
上記弁に、何も無い空間（混合気が一時停滞する所）を取り付ける。
【０００８】
また、２気筒以上の時、上記何も無い空間を、他の気筒の何も無い空間と、１つにつなぐ。
【０００９】
そして、４気筒以上の時、何も無い空間をなくせ、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる、弁と弁を１つにつなぐ。
【００１０】
また、上記弁を、圧縮工程で開け過ぎた時の対策として、膨張工程の時、膨張し過ぎて回転の抵抗になる前に開き、下死点で閉じる、空気専用の吸気弁を設ける。
【００１１】
さらに、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁を、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁と、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁の、２種類に分ける。
【００１２】
また、上記の、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁と、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁に付いている、何も無い空間からの（への）通路を、何も無い空間の端と端に取り付ける。
【００１３】
そして、４気筒以上の時、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁が、吸気工程で開く時には、他の気筒の、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁の中で、圧縮工程で開いている弁に、直接つなぐ。
【００１４】
【作用】
上記の様に構成された、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法においては、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる、弁、を設ける事に因り
圧縮比＜膨張比
の工程が行える。
【００１５】
上記弁に、何も無い空間、を取り付ける事に因り、圧縮工程の時、混合気は圧縮されて何も無い空間へ入るが、次の吸気工程の時に、シリンダー内に吸気される。
【００１６】
また、２気筒以上の時、各気筒の何も無い空間を、１つにつなぐ事に因り、何も無い空間で混合気が停滞している時間を、同じ爆発回転数ならば、短縮できる。
【００１７】
そして、４気筒以上の時、
１８０°（１工程）×４（４気筒）＝７２０°
４サイクルガソリンエンジンの周期は、
１８０°（１ストローク）×４（４サイクル）＝７２０°
つまり、４気筒以上の４サイクルガソリンエンジンでは、絶えず、いずれかの気筒に違う工程を行なわせる事ができるので、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる、弁と弁を１つにつなぐ事に因り、前記の弁に出入する混合気は、吸気工程の時には、他の気筒に圧縮される形で吸気され、圧縮工程の時には、他の気筒に吸気される形で圧縮される。
【００１８】
また、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁を、圧縮工程の時に開き過ぎた時の対策として、膨張工程の時、混合気が膨張し過ぎて回転の抵抗になる前に開き、下死点で閉じる、空気専用の吸気弁を設ける事に因り、さらに
圧縮比＜膨張比
の比率の割合が高くとれ、膨張工程もスムーズに行える。
【００１９】
そして、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁を、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁と、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁の、２種類に分け、それぞれの弁に付いている、何も無い空間からの通路を、何も無い空間の端と端に取り付ける事に因り、混合気は一定方向に流れ、出入の時の混合気同士の干渉を少なくする。
【００２０】
さらに、４気筒以上の時、何も無い空間を無くせ、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁が、吸気工程の時に開く時には、他の気筒の、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁の中で、圧縮工程で開いている弁に、直接つなぐ事に因り、混合気は一定方向に流れ、また、吸気工程の時には、他の気筒に圧縮される形で吸気され、圧縮工程の時には、他の気筒に吸気される形で圧縮されるので、混合気のスムーズな流れを得る事と、吸気、圧縮工程の抵抗を少なくする事ができる。
【００２１】
【実施例】
実施例について図面を参照して説明すると、図１においては、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる時の、弁の配置を示した横断面図であり、要は、混合気専用の吸気弁と、排気弁と、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁と、圧縮工程で閉じる弁を、圧縮工程の時に開け過ぎた時の対策として、膨張工程の時、混合気が膨張し過ぎて回転の抵抗になる前に開き、下死点で閉じる、空気専用の吸気弁の、４種類の弁の配置を示したものである。
【００２２】
また、膨張工程の時、混合気が膨張し過ぎて回転の抵抗になる前に開き、下死点で閉じる、空気専用の吸気弁は、膨張し過ぎないのであれば、必要としない。
【００２３】
図２から図７に示される実施例では、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる時の、工程を示したものであり、図２から図７は、
図２吸気工程（混合気の吸気工程）
混合気専用の吸気弁と、何も無い空間からの弁は開き、空気専用の吸気弁と、排気弁は閉じている（何も無い空間からの弁は、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁であり、空気専用の吸気弁は、何も無い空間からの弁を、圧縮工程で開け過ぎた時の対策として、膨張工程の時、混合気が膨張し過ぎて回転の抵抗になる前に開き、下死点で閉じる、空気専用の吸気弁である。）。
図３圧縮工程−１
混合気専用の吸気弁は閉じ、何も無い空間からの弁は、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる。そして、空気専用の吸気弁と、排気弁は閉じている（図３に示される、何も無い空間からの弁は、圧縮工程の時、下死点から約５分の４程、ピストンが上昇した時点で閉じると仮定した図であり、閉じる直前の図でもある。）。
図４圧縮工程−２（点火）
混合気専用の吸気弁と、何も無い空間からの弁と、空気専用の吸気弁と、排気弁は、全部閉じている。
図５膨張工程−１
混合気専用の吸気弁と、何も無い空間からの弁は閉じ、空気専用の吸気弁は、混合気が膨張し過ぎて回転の抵抗になる前に開く。そして、排気弁は閉じている（図５に示される、空気専用の吸気弁は、膨張工程の時、上死点から約４分の３程、ピストンが下降した時点で開くと仮定した図であり、開いた直後の図でもある。）。
図６膨張工程−２（空気の吸気工程）
混合気専用の吸気弁と、何も無い空間からの弁は閉じ、空気専用の吸気弁も下死点で閉じる。そして、排気弁も閉じている。
図７排気工程
混合気専用の吸気弁と、何も無い空間からの弁と、空気専用の吸気弁は閉じ、排気弁は開いている。
を示す、縦断面図である。
【００２４】
また、図２から図７は、断面Ａ−Ａの方向から見たと仮定した図でもある。
【００２５】
そして、図２から図７には、バルブ・タイミングは含まれておらず、バルブ・タイミングを含まないのは、各工程を分り易くする為でもある。
【００２６】
図８に示される実施例では、直列型２気筒の、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならは長くとる時の、断面Ｂ−Ｂの方向から見たと仮定した、縦断面図であり、要は、何も無い空間を１つにする事に因り、何も無い空間へ圧縮されて入った混合気は、次の混合気の吸気工程を待たずに、他の気筒の混合気の吸気工程の時に吸気されるように、各気筒の工程を組め、それに因って、何も無い空での混合気の停滞時間を、同じ爆発回転数ならば、短縮できる事を示した図である。
【００２７】
図９に示される実施例では、直列型４気筒の、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる時の、断面Ｂ−Ｂの方向から見たと仮定した、縦断面図であり、要は、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる、弁と弁を１つにつなぐ事に因り、混合気は、吸気工程の時には、他の気筒に圧縮される形で吸気され、圧縮工程の時には他の気筒に吸気される形で圧縮されるように、各気筒の工程を組める事を示した図である。
【図２８】
図１０に示される実施例では、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならは長くとる時の、弁の配置を示した横断面図であり、要は、混合気専用の吸気弁と、排気弁と、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁と、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁の、４種類の弁の配置を示した図である。
【００２９】
図１１から図１５に示される実施例では、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる時の、工程を示したものであり、図１１から図１５は、
図１１吸気工程（混合気の吸気工程）
混合気専用の吸気弁と、弁ａは開き、弁ｂと、排気弁は閉じている（図１１から図１５に示される、弁ａは、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁であり、弁ｂは、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁である。）。
図１２圧縮工程−１
混合気専用の吸気弁と、弁ａは閉じ、弁ｂは、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる。そして排気弁は閉じている（図１２に示される、弁ｂは、圧縮工程の時、下死点から約２分の１程、ピストンが上昇した時点で閉じると仮定した図であり、閉じる直前の図でもある。）。
図１３圧縮工程−２（点火）
混合気専用の吸気弁と、弁ａと、弁ｂと、排気弁は、全部閉じている。
図１４膨張工程
混合気専用の吸気弁と、弁ａと、弁ｂと、排気弁は、全部閉じている。
図１５排気工程
混合気専用の吸気弁と、弁ａと、弁ｂは閉じ、排気弁は開いている。
を示す、縦断面図である。
【００３０】
また、図１１から図１５は、断面Ｃ−Ｃの方向から見たと仮定した図でもある。
【００３１】
そして、空気専用の吸気弁を用いた工程（膨張工程−２）は描かれていない。
【００３２】
それは、図１１から図１５の、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる時の工程の図には、空気専用の吸気弁を含まない場合を描いた。
【００３３】
さらに、図１１から図１５には、バルブ・タイミングは含まれておらず、バルブ・タイミングを含まないのは、各工程を分り易くする為でもある。
【００３４】
図１６に示される実施例では、直列型２気筒の、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる時の、断面Ｄ−Ｄの方向から見たと仮定した、縦断面図であり、要は、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁と、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁の、何も無い空間への通路を、何も無い空間の端と端に取り付ける事に因り、混合気は一定方向に流れ、また、吸気、圧縮工程の時には、他の気筒に、圧縮、吸気されるように、各気筒の工程を組める事を示した図である。
【００３５】
図１７に示される実施例では、直列型４気筒の、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる時の、断面Ｄ−Ｄの方向から見たと仮定した、縦断面図であり、要は、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁が、吸気工程の時に開く時には、他の気筒の、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁の中で、圧縮工程で開いている弁に、直接つなぐ事に因り、混合気は一定方向に流れ、また、吸気工程の時には、他の気筒に圧縮される形で吸気され、圧縮工程の時には、他の気筒に吸気される形で圧縮されるので、混合気のスムーズな流れを得る事と、吸気、圧縮工程の抵抗を少なくする事ができる事を示した図である。
【００３６】
また、上記条件を満たした、５気筒以上の、４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならは長くとる方法の図は、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁と、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁が、２気筒以上と関係し、複雑になり、上記条件を分りにくくするので、ここでは省く。
【００３７】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以上説明したように構成されているので、以下に記載されるような効果を奏する。
【００３８】
吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる、弁、を設ける事に因り、本当の、
圧縮比＜膨張比
になる工程が行え、従来の、４サイクルガソリンエンジンよりも、同じ量の燃料を消費するのにあたって、爆発に因って出たエネルギー（パワー、トルク）を、より多く、ピストン、そして、クランク・シャフトへと、伝える事ができる。
【００３９】
また、上記弁に、何も無い空間（混合気が一時停滞する所）を取り付ける事に因り、圧縮工程の時、混合気は何も無い空間へ圧縮されて入るが、次の混合気の吸気工程の時に吸気されるので、燃料を無駄にしなくなる。
【００４０】
そして、２気筒以上の時、各気筒の何も無い空間を、１つにつなぐ事に因り、混合気の停滞時間を、同じ爆発回転数ならば短縮する事ができ、また、何も無い空間が各気筒に有るのよりも、１つにした方が場所を取らないのと、停滞時間を短縮できるので、さらに、小さくできる。
【００４１】
また、４気筒以上の時、各気筒に、吸気工程、圧縮工程、膨張工程、排気工程、のいづれかを行なわせる事に因り、上記弁と弁をつなぐものだけで済み、何も無い空間のスペースがいらなくなる。
【００４２】
さらに、圧縮工程の時、上記弁を開け過ぎた時の対策として、膨張工程の時、混合気が膨張し過ぎて回転の抵抗になる前に開き、下死点で閉じる、空気専用の吸気弁、を設ける事に因り、さらに、
圧縮比＜膨張比
の比率の割合が高くとれ、膨張工程もスムーズに行える。
【００４３】
また、同じエンジンの爆発回転数でも、高負荷の時には、圧縮工程で閉じる弁を早く閉じ、低負荷の時には、圧縮工程で閉じる弁を遅く閉じ、そして、膨張工程の時、空気専用の吸気弁を用いれば、パワーの向上、低燃費と、その場にあった、必要なエネルギーを得る事ができる。
【００４４】
また、弁の開閉のタイミングを変えなくても、４サイクルガソリンエンジン、６サイクルガソリンエンジンに、ピストンバルブ、ロータリーバルブを使用した時の、混合気専用の通路と、何も無い空間からの通路と、空気専用の通路の開閉と、該開閉装置の型（平成７年特許願第９７３４６号）を用いれば、弁の開閉のタイミングを変える事に似た、工程が行える。
【００４５】
また、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁を、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁と、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁の、２種類の弁に分け、それぞれの弁に付いている、何も無い空間からの通路を、何も無い空間の端と端に取り付ける事に因り、混合気は一定方向に流れるので、弁が１種類の時の、混合気が出入する時の干渉を、少なくできる。
【００４６】
さらに、４気筒以上の時、吸気工程、圧縮工程、膨張工程、排気工程、と、各気筒にそれぞれ違った工程を行なわせる事ができるので、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁が、吸気工程で開く時には、他の気筒の、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁の中で、圧縮工程で開いている弁に、直接つなぐ事に因り、混合気は一定方向に流れるので、スムーズな工程が行える。
【００４７】
そして、４気筒以上の時、上記２種類の弁を上記のような関係にする事に因り、吸気工程の時には、他の気筒に圧縮される形で吸気され、圧縮工程の時には、他の気筒に吸気される形で圧縮されるので、吸気、圧縮工程の抵抗が少なくなる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、弁の配置の実施例を示す、横断面図である。
【図２】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である（吸気工程）。
【図３】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である（圧縮工程−１）。
【図４】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である〔圧縮工程−２（点火）〕。
【図５】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である（膨張工程−１）。
【図６】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である（膨張工程−２）。
【図７】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である（排気工程）。
【図８】断面Ｂ−Ｂの方向から見たと仮定した、直列型２気筒４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、各気筒の、何も無い空間からの弁と、空気専用の吸気弁の、配置の実施例を示す、縦断面図である。
【図９】断面Ｂ−Ｂの方向から見たと仮定した、直列型４気筒４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、各気筒の、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過きた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁と、空気専用の吸気弁の、配置の実施例を示す、縦断面図である。
【図１０】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、弁の配置の実施例を示す、横断面図である。
【図１１】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である（吸気工程）。
【図１２】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である（圧縮工程−１）。
【図１３】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である〔圧縮工程−２（点火）〕。
【図１４】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である（膨張工程）。
【図１５】４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、工程の実施例を示す、縦断面図である（排気工程）。
【図１６】断面Ｄ−Ｄの方向から見たと仮定した、直列型２気筒４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、各気筒の、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁と、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁と、何も無い空間の、配置の実施例を示す、縦断面図である。
【図１７】断面Ｄ−Ｄの方向から見たと仮定した、直列型４気筒４サイクルガソリンエンジンの、本当に圧縮する工程よりも膨張する工程の方を、ストロークで言うならば長くとる方法の時の、各気筒の、吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁と、圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁の、配置の実施例を示す、縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１混合気専用の吸気弁
２排気弁
３吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁（何も無い空間からも弁）
４圧縮工程の時、何も無い空間からの弁を開け過ぎた時の対策として、膨張工程の時、混合気が膨張し過ぎて回転の抵抗になる前に開き、下死点で閉じる、空気専用の吸気弁（空気専用の吸気弁）
５プラグ
６気化器
７吸気管
８排気管
９何も無い空間（混合気が一時停滞する所）
１０何も無い空間からの（への）通路
１１空気専用の吸気弁への通路
１２ピストン
１３混合気専用の吸気弁と排気弁
１４何も無い空間からの弁と空気専用の吸気弁
１５吸気工程完了
１６圧縮工程完了
１７膨張工程完了
１８排気工程完了
１９吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、圧縮工程に入って下死点を少し過ぎた所から、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる、弁と弁をつなぐ通路
２０吸気工程の時、混合気専用の吸気弁と同時か少し遅れて開き、下死点で閉じる弁（弁ａ）
２１圧縮工程の時、下死点で開き、上死点の少し手前の間で閉じる弁（弁ｂ）
２２弁ａと弁ｂ
２３弁ａと弁ｂをつなぐ通路
Ａ−Ａ断面
Ｂ−Ｂ断面
Ｃ−Ｃ断面
Ｄ−Ｄ断面[0001]
[Industrial applications]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method of taking a stroke of a four-stroke gasoline engine that expands longer than a step of truly compressing it, in terms of stroke, measures to take too long, and, in the case of a multi-cylinder, other cylinders. And relationship.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional four-stroke gasoline engine, as a theory,
Compression ratio = expansion ratio.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a conventional four-stroke gasoline engine, when the air-fuel mixture expands due to an explosion, it moves to the exhaust process before expanding, and the energy (power, torque) generated due to the explosion. Was exhausted without being transmitted to the piston and the crankshaft.
[0004]
It is an object of the present invention to obtain a method of transmitting the energy generated by the explosion of a four-stroke gasoline engine to the piston and the crankshaft in consuming the same amount of fuel. It is another object of the present invention to give a smooth flow to the mixture when the method is used.
[0005]
Furthermore, when the number of cylinders is multi-cylinder, it is intended to have reciprocity with other cylinders.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the method of the present invention, in which the expansion step of the four-stroke gasoline engine is longer than the actual compression step in terms of stroke, the air-fuel mixture is exclusively used during the intake step. A valve is provided that opens at the same time as or slightly after the intake valve, and closes just before the top dead center from a point slightly after the bottom dead center in the compression process.
[0007]
Attach a blank space (where the mixture temporarily stagnates) to the valve.
[0008]
When there are two or more cylinders, the empty space is connected to the empty space of the other cylinders.
[0009]
When there are more than four cylinders, there is no space left, and during the intake process, the valve opens at the same time as or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the mixture, and after entering the compression process, a little after the bottom dead center, Close the valve just before the dead center, connect the valves together.
[0010]
In addition, as a countermeasure when the valve is excessively opened in the compression step, an intake valve for exclusive use of air is provided in the expansion step, which is opened before it is excessively expanded and becomes rotational resistance and closed at the bottom dead center.
[0011]
In addition, during the intake process, open the valve at the same time as or slightly after the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and after entering the compression process, slightly after the bottom dead center, close the valve just before the top dead center. During the process, a valve that opens at the same time or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the mixture and closes at the bottom dead center, and a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes just before the top dead center during the compression process, Divide into two types.
[0012]
Also, at the time of the above-described intake process, a valve that opens at the same time or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and closes at the bottom dead center, and a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and slightly before the top dead center during the compression process Attach the passages from the empty space to the end of the empty space, with the valves that close between them.
[0013]
When the number of cylinders is four or more, during the intake process, the valve that opens at the same time or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and closes at the bottom dead center opens during the intake process. In the valve that opens at bottom dead center and closes shortly before top dead center, it is directly connected to the valve that is open in the compression process.
[0014]
[Action]
In the four-stroke gasoline engine configured as described above, in the method of taking the stroke, in terms of stroke, longer than the step of really compressing, the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture is used during the intake step. At the same time or with a slight delay, the valve is opened from a point slightly below the bottom dead center after entering the compression process and closed slightly before the top dead center, so that the process of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be performed.
[0015]
The air-fuel mixture is compressed into the empty space during the compression process due to the attachment of a space having nothing to the valve, but is sucked into the cylinder during the next suction process.
[0016]
Further, when there are two or more cylinders, by connecting the empty space of each cylinder to one, the time during which the air-fuel mixture is stagnant in the empty space can be reduced with the same explosion rotation speed.
[0017]
And when you have more than 4 cylinders,
180 ° (one process) × 4 (4 cylinders) = 720 °
The cycle of a 4-cycle gasoline engine is
180 ° (1 stroke) x 4 (4 cycles) = 720 °
In other words, in a four-stroke gasoline engine with four or more cylinders, any one cylinder can constantly perform a different process, so during the intake process, it opens simultaneously with or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and the compression process The air-fuel mixture that enters and exits the valve at the time of the intake process, due to connecting the valves and the valve one after entering and closing slightly before the top dead center from the point just after the bottom dead center The air is sucked in a form compressed by another cylinder, and is compressed in the form of being sucked into another cylinder in a compression step.
[0018]
Also, during the intake process, the valve that opens at the same time as or slightly after the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, enters the compression process, and slightly after the bottom dead center, closes the valve slightly before the top dead center. As a countermeasure when it is opened too much during the process, at the time of the expansion process, the air-fuel mixture is opened before the air-fuel mixture expands too much and becomes the resistance of rotation, and it closes at the bottom dead center. The ratio of the compression ratio <the expansion ratio can be set high, and the expansion process can be performed smoothly.
[0019]
Then, during the intake process, open the valve at the same time as or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and after entering the compression process a little after the bottom dead center, close the valve just before the top dead center. During the process, a valve that opens at the same time or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the mixture and closes at the bottom dead center, and a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes just before the top dead center during the compression process, The air-fuel mixture flows in a certain direction due to the passage from the empty space attached to each valve to the end of the empty space, which is attached to each valve. Reduce interference between each other.
[0020]
Furthermore, when there are four or more cylinders, there is no space left. At the time of the intake process, the valve that opens at the same time as the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture or with a slight delay. The air-fuel mixture flows in a certain direction due to being directly connected to the valve that opens in the compression process among the cylinders that open at the bottom dead center during the compression process and close just before the top dead center during the compression process. During the intake process, the air is sucked in a form compressed by other cylinders, and in the compression process, it is compressed by being sucked into other cylinders, so that a smooth flow of the air-fuel mixture is obtained. Thus, the resistance of the intake and compression processes can be reduced.
[0021]
【Example】
Referring to the drawings, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an arrangement of valves in a case where a stroke of a four-stroke gasoline engine is longer in a process of expanding than in a process of truly compressing. The main point is that the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, the exhaust valve, and the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture are opened at the same time or slightly behind the intake valve during the intake process. As a countermeasure when the valve that closes slightly before top dead center and the valve that closes in the compression process from a point slightly past the top dead center, as a countermeasure when opening too much during the compression process, the air-fuel mixture expands too much during the expansion process. FIG. 3 shows an arrangement of four types of valves, an intake valve dedicated to air, which opens before becoming resistance to rotation and closes at a bottom dead center.
[0022]
Also, during the expansion process, an air-only intake valve that opens before the air-fuel mixture expands and becomes resistance to rotation and closes at bottom dead center is not required if it does not expand too much.
[0023]
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, the process of expanding the four-stroke gasoline engine, in which the expansion process is longer than the truly compression process, in terms of stroke, is shown. 2 to 7
Fig. 2 Intake process (intake process of mixture)
The intake valve exclusively for the mixture and the valve from the empty space are open, and the intake valve exclusively for the air and the exhaust valve are closed. (The valve from the empty space is only for the mixture during the intake process. The valve opens at the same time as or slightly behind the intake valve, and closes just before the top dead center from a point slightly past the bottom dead center after entering the compression process.The air-only intake valve has no space. As a countermeasure when the valve from is opened too much in the compression process, it is an air-only intake valve that opens before the air-fuel mixture expands too much and becomes rotational resistance during the expansion process and closes at the bottom dead center. .).
Fig. 3 Compression process-1
The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture is closed, and the valve from the empty space is closed slightly before the top dead center, just after the bottom dead center after entering the compression process. Then, the intake valve dedicated to air and the exhaust valve are closed (the valve from the empty space shown in FIG. 3 raises the piston about 4/5 from the bottom dead center during the compression process. (It is assumed that the window is closed at the time of closing, and is also a diagram immediately before the window is closed.)
Fig. 4 Compression process-2 (ignition)
The intake valve dedicated to the mixture, the valve from the empty space, the intake valve dedicated to the air, and the exhaust valve are all closed.
Fig. 5 Expansion process-1
The intake valve dedicated to the mixture and the valve from the empty space are closed, and the intake valve dedicated to the air opens before the mixture is over-expanded and resists rotation. Then, the exhaust valve is closed (as shown in FIG. 5, the intake valve dedicated to air is assumed to open when the piston descends about three-quarters from top dead center during the expansion process. There is also a figure just after opening.)
Fig. 6 Expansion process-2 (air intake process)
The intake valve exclusively for the air-fuel mixture and the valve from the empty space are closed, and the intake valve exclusively for the air is closed at the bottom dead center. And the exhaust valve is also closed.
FIG. 7 Exhaust Step The intake valve exclusively for the air-fuel mixture, the valve from the empty space, the intake valve exclusively for the air are closed, and the exhaust valve is open.
FIG.
[0024]
FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 are also diagrams assuming that they are viewed from the direction of the cross section AA.
[0025]
2 to 7 do not include valve timing, and do not include valve timing in order to make each process easier to understand.
[0026]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the direction of the cross section BB when the expansion process is longer than the compression process in the in-line two-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine, in terms of stroke, is taken longer. It is a vertical cross-sectional view assuming that the air-fuel mixture is compressed into a space where there is nothing. Instead of waiting, set up the process of each cylinder so that it is taken in during the intake process of the mixture of the other cylinders. Then, it is a diagram showing that it can be shortened.
[0027]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, in the in-line four-cylinder, four-stroke gasoline engine, the direction of the cross section BB when the expansion process is longer than the compression process in terms of stroke is taken. It is a vertical cross-sectional view assuming that it is viewed from above. The air-fuel mixture is sucked in the form of being compressed into other cylinders during the intake process, and the other cylinders are compressed during the compression process. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing that the process of each cylinder can be assembled so that the air is compressed in such a manner as to be taken in.
FIG. 28
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of the valves when the stroke of the four-stroke gasoline engine, in which the expansion process is longer than the truly compression process in terms of stroke, is taken in the embodiment shown in FIG. In short, the intake valve and exhaust valve exclusively for the mixture, and the valve that opens at the same time or slightly behind the intake valve for the mixture during the intake process and closes at the bottom dead center, and the bottom dead center during the compression process FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the arrangement of four types of valves that are opened at a time and closed slightly before the top dead center.
[0029]
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 to 15, the process of expanding the stroke of the four-stroke gasoline engine is longer than the process of truly compressing, in terms of stroke. 11 to FIG.
Fig. 11 Intake process (air-fuel mixture intake process)
The intake valve dedicated to the mixture and the valve a are open, and the valve b and the exhaust valve are closed (as shown in FIGS. 11 to 15, the valve a is at the same time as the intake valve dedicated to the mixture during the intake process. A valve that opens a little later and closes at the bottom dead center, and valve b is a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes just before the top dead center during the compression process.)
Figure 12 Compression process-1
The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the valve a close, the valve b opens at bottom dead center and closes shortly before top dead center. Then, the exhaust valve is closed (shown in FIG. 12 assuming that the valve b closes at the time when the piston rises about half the time from the bottom dead center during the compression process, and immediately before closing. It is also a figure.).
Figure 13 Compression process-2 (ignition)
The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, the valve a, the valve b, and the exhaust valve are all closed.
FIG. 14 The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture in the expansion step, the valve a, the valve b, and the exhaust valve are all closed.
FIG. 15 Exhaust Step The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, the valves a and b are closed, and the exhaust valve is open.
FIG.
[0030]
11 to 15 are also diagrams assuming that they are viewed from the direction of the cross section CC.
[0031]
A process using an air-only intake valve (expansion process-2) is not illustrated.
[0032]
That is, in FIGS. 11 to 15, the drawing of the four-stroke gasoline engine, in which the expansion process is longer than the truly compression process in terms of stroke, includes an intake valve dedicated to air. No case painted.
[0033]
Further, FIGS. 11 to 15 do not include the valve timing, and do not include the valve timing in order to make each process easier to understand.
[0034]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 16, the direction of the cross section DD when the expansion step of the in-line two-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine is longer than the actual compression step in terms of stroke. It is a vertical cross-sectional view assuming that it is viewed from the front. In short, during the intake process, a valve that opens at the same time or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture and closes at the bottom dead center, and at the compression process, the bottom dead center The air-fuel mixture flows in a certain direction due to the passage to the empty space, which is opened at the end of the valve and closed slightly before the top dead center, at the end of the empty space. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing that a process of each cylinder can be assembled so that compression and intake are performed in another cylinder during a compression process.
[0035]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, in the in-line four-cylinder, four-stroke gasoline engine, the direction of the cross section DD when the expansion step is longer than the truly compression step in terms of stroke. It is a vertical cross-sectional view assuming that it is viewed from the point.In short, at the time of the intake process, the valve opens at the same time as or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and when the valve that closes at the bottom dead center opens at the time of the intake process, The air-fuel mixture flows in a certain direction due to being directly connected to the valve that opens in the compression process among the cylinders that open at the bottom dead center during the compression process and close just before the top dead center during the compression process. During the intake process, the air is sucked in a form compressed by other cylinders, and in the compression process, it is compressed by being sucked into other cylinders, so that a smooth flow of the air-fuel mixture is obtained. Figure showing that the resistance of the intake and compression processes can be reduced A.
[0036]
Also, for a five-cylinder or four-stroke gasoline engine that satisfies the above conditions, the process of expanding the stroke, rather than the process of really compressing, is taken longer in terms of stroke. A valve that opens at the same time as or slightly after the intake valve dedicated to air and closes at the bottom dead center, and a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes just before the top dead center during the compression process is related to two or more cylinders. However, since it becomes complicated and makes it difficult to understand the above conditions, it is omitted here.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects.
[0038]
During the intake process, provide a valve that opens at the same time as or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and closes slightly before the top dead center, just after the bottom dead center in the compression process. According to the real,
A process where the compression ratio <the expansion ratio can be performed, and the same amount of fuel is consumed compared to a conventional four-cycle gasoline engine. , And to the crankshaft.
[0039]
In addition, the air-fuel mixture is compressed into the empty space during the compression process due to the installation of an empty space (where the air-fuel mixture temporarily stagnates) in the above valve. Since air is taken in during the process, fuel is not wasted.
[0040]
When there are two or more cylinders, by connecting the empty space of each cylinder to one, the stagnation time of the air-fuel mixture can be reduced at the same explosion rotation speed, and the empty space However, it is possible to save space and shorten the stagnation time as compared with the case where one cylinder is provided, so that the size can be further reduced.
[0041]
When four or more cylinders are used, each cylinder performs one of the intake process, the compression process, the expansion process, and the exhaust process. No longer needed.
[0042]
Further, as a countermeasure when the valve is excessively opened during the compression process, an air-only intake valve is opened during the expansion process before the air-fuel mixture expands excessively and becomes a resistance to rotation, and closed at the bottom dead center. , And furthermore,
The ratio of the compression ratio <the expansion ratio can be set high, and the expansion process can be performed smoothly.
[0043]
Also, at the same engine explosion speed, when the load is high, the valve that closes in the compression process closes quickly, when the load is low, the valve that closes in the compression process closes slowly, and in the expansion process, the intake valve dedicated to air. By using, it is possible to improve power, reduce fuel consumption, and obtain necessary energy suitable for the situation.
[0044]
Also, without changing the timing of opening and closing the valve, a 4-way gasoline engine, a 6-cycle gasoline engine, when using a piston valve and a rotary valve, a mixture-only passage and a passage from an empty space By using the type of the opening / closing device (1995 Patent Application No. 97346) for opening / closing a passage dedicated to air, a process similar to changing the opening / closing timing of a valve can be performed.
[0045]
Also, during the intake process, open the valve at the same time as or slightly after the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, enter the compression process, and after a little after the bottom dead center, close the valve just before the top dead center. During the process, a valve that opens at the same time or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the mixture and closes at the bottom dead center, and a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes just before the top dead center during the compression process, The mixture is divided into two types, and the passage from the empty space attached to each valve is attached to the end of the empty space, and the mixture flows in a certain direction. In the case of different types, it is possible to reduce interference when the mixture enters and exits.
[0046]
Furthermore, when the number of cylinders is four or more, different processes can be performed for each cylinder, such as the intake process, the compression process, the expansion process, and the exhaust process. When the valve that opens at a short delay and closes at the bottom dead center opens during the intake stroke, the other cylinder opens at the bottom dead center during the compression stroke and closes slightly before the top dead center. Since the air-fuel mixture flows in a certain direction due to the direct connection to the valve opened in the compression process, a smooth process can be performed.
[0047]
When the number of cylinders is four or more, the two types of valves are set in the above-described relationship, so that the intake is performed in the form of being compressed into another cylinder during the intake process, and the other cylinder is compressed during the compression process. Since the air is compressed in such a manner as to be sucked into the air, the resistance in the air intake and compression processes is reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of the arrangement of valves in a four-stroke gasoline engine in a way that the expansion step is longer than the truly compression step in terms of stroke.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a process of a four-stroke gasoline engine in which a process of expanding a process, which is actually longer than a process of actually compressing, is longer than a process of actually compressing (intake process). ).
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a process of a four-stroke gasoline engine in which a process of expanding a process, which is longer than a process of truly compressing, is longer than a process of actually compressing (compression process). -1).
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a process of a four-stroke gasoline engine in which a process of expanding a process, which is longer than a process of truly compressing, is longer in terms of a stroke. -2 (ignition)].
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the process of the four-stroke gasoline engine in the case where the expansion step is longer than the truly compression step in terms of stroke (expansion step). -1).
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a process of a four-stroke gasoline engine in a case where a process for expanding a process is longer than a process for truly compressing the process in terms of a stroke (expansion process). -2).
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the process of the four-stroke gasoline engine in the case of a method in which the expansion process is longer than the truly compression process in terms of stroke (exhaust process). ).
FIG. 8 assumes that the expansion process of the in-line two-cylinder four-cycle gasoline engine is longer than the actual compression process, assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the cross section BB. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the arrangement of a valve from an empty space of each cylinder and an intake valve dedicated to air.
FIG. 9 assumes that the expansion process of the in-line four-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine is longer than the actual compression process, assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the cross section BB. During the intake stroke of each cylinder, the valve opens at the same time as or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and closes slightly before the top dead center from the point where the bottom dead center was passed a little after entering the compression process. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the arrangement of an intake valve dedicated to air.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the arrangement of the valves of a four-stroke gasoline engine in the case where the expansion step is longer than the truly compression step in terms of stroke.
FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the process of the four-stroke gasoline engine in the case where the expansion step is longer than the truly compression step in terms of the stroke (intake step). ).
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a process of a four-stroke gasoline engine in a case where a process of expanding a process, which is really longer than a process of truly compressing, is longer than a process of compressing (compression process). -1).
FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a process of a four-stroke gasoline engine in which a process of expanding a process, which is longer than a process of truly compressing, is longer in terms of stroke. -2 (ignition)].
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a process of a four-stroke gasoline engine in a case where a process of expanding a process rather than a process of truly compressing the process is taken longer in terms of a stroke (expansion process). ).
FIG. 15 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a process of a four-stroke gasoline engine in a case where a process of expanding a process rather than a process of truly compressing the process is longer in terms of a stroke (an exhaust process). ).
FIG. 16 shows a process of expanding a stroke of a two-cylinder four-stroke inline gasoline engine, which is assumed to be viewed from the direction of the cross section DD, in comparison with a process of truly compressing, in terms of stroke. During the intake stroke of each cylinder, the valve opens at the same time or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the mixture and closes at the bottom dead center, and opens at the bottom dead center during the compression stroke, slightly before the top dead center. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the arrangement of the valve closing between and the empty space.
FIG. 17 shows a case where the expansion process of the in-line four-cylinder four-cycle gasoline engine is longer than that of the actual compression process, assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the cross section DD. During the intake stroke of each cylinder, the valve opens at the same time or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the mixture and closes at the bottom dead center, and opens at the bottom dead center during the compression stroke, slightly before the top dead center. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of an arrangement of a valve that closes between them.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Intake valve exclusively for air-fuel mixture 2 Exhaust valve 3 In the intake process, open at the same time as or slightly after the intake valve exclusively for air-fuel mixture. A valve that closes in the foreground (a valve even from an empty space)
4. In the compression process, as a countermeasure when the valve from an empty space is opened too much, in the expansion process, open before the air-fuel mixture expands too much and become a resistance to rotation, and close at the bottom dead center. Exclusive intake valve (exclusive intake valve for air)
5 Plug 6 Vaporizer 7 Intake pipe 8 Exhaust pipe 9 Empty space (where the mixture temporarily stagnates)
Reference Signs List 10 Passage from / to empty space 11 Passage to air-only intake valve 12 Piston 13 Intake valve and exhaust valve exclusively for air-fuel mixture 14 Valve from empty space and intake valve exclusively for air 15 Intake process Completed 16 Completed the compression process 17 Completed the expansion process 18 Completed the exhaust process 19 Opened the intake process at the same time as or slightly after the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture. A passage 20 connecting the valves, which closes just before the point, a valve (valve a) that opens at the same time as or slightly after the intake valve dedicated to the mixture during the intake process, and closes at the bottom dead center (valve a)
21 During the compression process, a valve that opens at bottom dead center and closes slightly before top dead center (valve b)
22 Valve a and Valve b
23 Passage AA connecting valve a and valve b Cross section BB Cross section CC Cross section DD Cross section

Claims

At the time of the intake process, a valve is provided that opens at the same time as or slightly after the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and closes a little after the bottom dead center and just before the top dead center after entering the compression process.

The valve according to claim 1 is provided with an empty space (where the air-fuel mixture temporarily stagnates).

When there are two or more cylinders, the empty space described in claim 2 is connected to one.

In the case of four or more cylinders, only the valve connecting the valves described in claim 1 is required.

As a countermeasure when the valve according to claim 1 is excessively opened in the compression step, the valve is opened in the expansion step before it is excessively expanded and becomes a resistance to rotation, and is closed at the bottom dead center. A dedicated air intake valve is provided.

The valve according to claim 1, which opens at the same time as or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture during the intake process and closes at the bottom dead center. Divide into two types of valves that close slightly before.

Passages from the empty space to the two types of valves according to claim 6 are attached to the ends of the empty space so that the air-fuel mixture flows in a certain direction.

In the case of four or more cylinders, the valve according to claim 6, which opens at the same time as or slightly behind the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture during the intake process and closes at the bottom dead center, and opens at the bottom dead center during the compression process, The relationship between the two types of valves, which are closed slightly before the top dead center, is that the valve that opens at the same time as or slightly after the intake valve dedicated to the mixture during the intake process and closes at the bottom dead center is the intake process At the time of opening, at the time of the compression process, the other cylinder opens directly at the bottom dead center and closes a little before the top dead center, and is directly connected to the valve opened at the time of the compression process.