JP2003262137A - Method for making actual expansion ratio larger than actual compression ratio when piston valve and rotary valve are used for 4-cycle engine, 6-cycle engine, 8-cycle engine, and 10-or-more cycle engine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for making an actual expansion ratio larger than an actual compression ratio when a piston valve (a reciprocating valve) and a rotary valve are used for a 4-cycle engine, a 6-cycle engine, a 8-cycle engine, and a 10-or-more cycle engine. <P>SOLUTION: A valve (piston valve), which is opened at a bottom dead center in a compression stroke, and is closed before mixture or air resists against rotation when it is too expanded when the mixture or air is expanded because of explosion (combustion) in an expansion stroke (a piston is lowered and air pressure is 1 atm or less, so that it resists against rotation of a crankshaft); and an air port (rotary valve) are provided. The mixture or the air in the valve and the air port is returned to an intake pipe of the mixture or an intake pipe of the air, respectively (air may be directly exhausted, and in that case, it may be exhausted by an exhaust valve and an exhaust port). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a 4-cycle engine (a 4-cycle gasoline engine, a 4-cycle diesel engine, a cylinder injection 4-cycle gasoline engine), a 6-cycle engine {[of a diesel engine and a gasoline engine, 6-cycle engine (Heisei 2
Patent application No. 417964). ] And [6 cycle diesel engine (1996 patent application No. 140582
issue). ], [6 cycle gasoline engine (1996 patent application No. 151453). ] And [cylinder injection 6-cycle gasoline engine (1996 Patent Application No. 172736
issue). ]. }, 8-cycle engine {[8-cycle diesel engine (1997 patent application No. 91265). ]
And [in-cylinder injection 8-cycle gasoline engine (1997 patent application No. 129090). ], And [8-cycle gasoline engine (1997 patent application No. 184308
issue). ]. } Engines of 10 cycles or more [Engines of 10 cycles or more of gasoline engine, diesel engine and in-cylinder injection gasoline engine (1997 Patent Application No. 274908). ], A piston valve (reciprocating valve), a rotary valve (a rotary valve (used in a four-cycle engine, a six-cycle engine, which is an alternative to the piston valve, a rotary valve (Japanese Patent Application No. 356
145). ], And [a rotary valve that replaces the reciprocating valve (1996
Patent application No. 179726). ]. } When using
It relates to a method in which the true expansion ratio is larger than the true compression ratio.

Further, the present invention relates to the destination of the air-fuel mixture or air, which is generated when the true expansion ratio is made larger than the true compression ratio.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art In the process of using a piston valve and a rotary valve in a conventional 4-cycle engine, 6-cycle engine, 8-cycle engine, 10-cycle engine or more, the theory is that compression ratio = expansion ratio. It was

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Conventional 4-cycle engine, 6-cycle engine, 8-cycle engine, 1
In the process of using a piston valve and a rotary valve in an engine of 0 cycles or more, the compression ratio = expansion ratio (actually, it depends on the valve timing etc.), so it explodes during the expansion process. Enough energy (power, torque) generated by (combustion), piston, and
There was a problem that the exhaust process was carried out without being transmitted to the crank shaft, and the energy generated due to the explosion was discharged.

The present invention provides a true expansion ratio rather than a true compression ratio when a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 4-cycle engine, a 6-cycle engine, an 8-cycle engine, and a 10-cycle engine or more. The purpose is to obtain a large-scale method, and further, to obtain the destination of the air-fuel mixture or air generated when the method is used.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, when a piston valve or a rotary valve is used in the 4-cycle engine, 6-cycle engine, 8-cycle engine, 10-cycle engine or more of the present invention. , In the method of taking the true expansion ratio larger than the true compression ratio, it opens at the bottom dead center during the compression process and the air-fuel mixture or air expands due to the explosion during the expansion process. Provide a valve (piston valve) and air port (rotary valve) that close before excessive resistance (atmospheric pressure becomes 1 or less) becomes resistance to rotation.

The air-fuel mixture or air that has entered the valve or the air port is returned to the intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and to the intake pipe (air may be exhausted as it is. In that case, the exhaust valve and exhaust port may be moved.

[0008]

Operation: A four-cycle engine configured as described above,
In the method of taking the true expansion ratio larger than the true compression ratio when using the piston valve and the rotary valve in the 6-cycle engine, 8-cycle engine, 10-cycle engine or more, in the compression process, A valve that opens at bottom dead center and closes during the expansion process before the air-fuel mixture or air expands too much due to an explosion to resist rotation.
Due to the provision of the air vents, the true process of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be performed.

Further, the air-fuel mixture or air entering the valve or the air port is returned to the intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and air is returned to the air intake pipe. Alternatively, the force by which the air is pushed out of the cylinder can be changed to a part of the force for pushing the air-fuel mixture or air into the cylinder, though it is small, during the intake stroke.

Particularly in the case of a gasoline engine, the air-fuel mixture is reduced, so that the fuel is not wasted.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the true expansion ratio is larger than the true compression ratio when a piston valve is used in a 4-cycle gasoline engine. It is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of the valve and the plug at the time of the taking method, and the point is that the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the air-fuel mixture opened at the bottom dead center during the compression process and the air-fuel mixture during the expansion process. The arrangement of a valve, an exhaust valve, and a plug, which are closed before they expand due to explosion and become resistance to rotation, is shown.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, FIG.
Vertical section showing the steps of a method of taking a larger real expansion ratio than a real compression ratio when using a piston valve in a four-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that it is divided vertically and viewed from the side. FIGS. 2 to 6 show the intake process of the mixture shown in FIG. 2. The intake valve dedicated to the mixture is opened at the top dead center and closed at the bottom dead center, and is opened at the bottom dead center during the compression process and expanded. At this time, the air-fuel mixture is closed before it expands too much due to the explosion and becomes resistance to rotation, and the exhaust valve is closed (hereinafter, the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture is valve a, It opens at bottom dead center during the compression process,
During the expansion process, the valve that closes before the air-fuel mixture expands too much due to the explosion to resist rotation is valve b, and the exhaust valve is valve c. ). 3 compression step-1 valve a is closed, valve b is closed when the piston rises by half from bottom dead center, and valve c is closed (valve b shown in FIG. It is a figure immediately before opening and closing at the dead point.) FIG. 4 Compression step-2 (ignition) Valve a, valve b, and valve c are closed. FIG. 5 Expansion step (combustion) Valve a, valve b, and valve c are closed. FIG. 6 The exhaust process valve a and the valve b are closed, and the valve c is opened at the bottom dead center and closed at the top dead center. Is.

The number of valves and plugs shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 is the minimum required number.
Timing is also not included in order to make it easier to understand the movement of each valve in each step, and each step is a diagram immediately before completion.

Further, when each valve is open, it is a view immediately before the valve is closed.
It is a figure just before opening.

And a 6-cycle gasoline engine, 8
Cycle gasoline engine, 10 cycle or more gasoline engine process is not drawn, but if you use the air intake valve, you can draw each process.

Also, although a drawing of the process of using the rotary valve of the above-mentioned engine is not drawn, the rotary valve is changed to an H type {[4 cycle engine,
A rotary valve used in a 6-cycle engine instead of a piston valve (1991 Patent Application No. 35614)
No. 5). ] And [Method of intake / exhaust of a rotary valve used in a 4-cycle engine and a 6-cycle engine (1992, Japanese Patent Application No. 218116). ], [Rotating valve in place of reciprocating valve (1996 Patent Application No. 179726)
issue). ]. }, If each air vent is provided, the process drawing of each engine can be drawn.

Further, when the piston valve and the rotary valve are used in a diesel engine, a cylinder injection gasoline engine, a 4-cycle engine, a 6-cycle engine, an 8-cycle engine, and a 10-cycle engine or more, the above-mentioned process. Although not shown in the figure, if the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the intake port dedicated to the air-fuel mixture are simply used as the intake valve and the air inlet and the plug is used as the fuel injector or the plug and the fuel injector, , You can draw a diagram of each process.

The point is that any engine opens at the bottom dead center during the compression process, and the air-fuel mixture or air during the expansion process
It is necessary to provide a valve and an air outlet that close before they expand due to an explosion and become a resistance to rotation.

Further, the air-fuel mixture that has entered the valve b shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is returned to the intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture.
Also, the arrangement and size of valves and plugs differ depending on the engine.

During the compression process of another engine,
Opened at bottom dead center and closed during the expansion process before the air-fuel mixture or air expands too much to resist rotation, and enters the mouth, air-fuel mixture, or air-only air-fuel mixture It is better to return to the intake pipe or to the intake pipe (the air may be exhausted as it is, and in that case, the exhaust valve and the exhaust port may be moved).

[0021]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects.

When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 4-cycle engine, a 6-cycle engine, an 8-cycle engine, an engine of 10 cycles or more,
During the compression process, it opens at the bottom dead center, and during the expansion process, the air-fuel mixture or air closes before it expands due to the explosion and becomes resistance to rotation. real,
The process of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be performed.

Further, the fact that the process of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be performed means that the energy (power, power) generated by the explosion when consuming the same amount of fuel.
Torque) can be transmitted to the piston and crankshaft as much as a conventional engine.

Further, the fact that the energy generated by the explosion can be transmitted to the piston and the crank shaft as much as possible leads to effective use of energy.

The fact that it leads to effective utilization of energy also leads to resource saving and energy saving.

Further, during the compression process, it opens at the bottom dead center, and during the expansion process, the air-fuel mixture or air closes before it expands too much due to the explosion and becomes a resistance to rotation. The air-fuel mixture or air that has entered is returned to the intake pipe or air-intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, so that the air-fuel mixture or air is forced out of the cylinder during the compression process. , In the intake process (in the case of a gasoline engine, the intake process of the air-fuel mixture, in the case of a diesel engine and a cylinder injection gasoline engine, the next intake process when the number of valves and air ports is minimized). The mixture or air can be converted into a part of the force to push it into the cylinder.

Further, the force of pushing the air-fuel mixture or air out of the cylinder during the compression process is one of the forces of pushing the air-fuel mixture or air into the cylinder during the intake process. Being a club leads to energy savings.

Particularly, in the case of a gasoline engine, since the air-fuel mixture is returned to the intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, the fuel is not wasted, which leads to resource saving.

Further, due to the above-mentioned engine, the same kind of exhaust gas with the same displacement and the same explosion speed (a 4-cycle gasoline engine is a 4-cycle gasoline engine, a cylinder injection 8-cycle gasoline engine is Even with an internal injection 8-cycle gasoline engine, etc.), the emission of gas (exhaust gas) after a real explosion is small, leading to low pollution.

During the compression process, it opens at the bottom dead center, and during the expansion process, the air-fuel mixture or air closes before it expands too much due to explosion and becomes resistance to rotation. Due to the reduction of the size of the air, the air-fuel mixture or air is exhausted to the valve and the air port at the low rotation speed, and the air-fuel mixture is exhausted to the valve and the air port at the high rotation speed. , The air can not follow, the low rotation speed, the high rotation speed, the real amount of the air-fuel mixture or air in the cylinder at the time of the compression process changes, and the low rotation speed emphasizes the combustion efficiency. At high rpm, an engine that emphasizes power and torque can also be used [opens at bottom dead center during compression process, air-fuel mixture during expansion process,
Or, a valve that closes before the air expands too much due to an explosion and becomes a resistance to rotation, and that the size of the air inlet is reduced means that the air intake valve for the air-fuel mixture, the air inlet for the air-fuel mixture, Or
It is to make it smaller than the size of the intake valve and intake port,
It is good to set the number of valves and air ports to 2: 1, 1: 1 for low rotation and 2: 1 for high rotation, and change the lift amount of the valve between low rotation and high rotation. It is good to change the timing of opening and closing the air port, open and close the passage (pipe) from the valve and air port, and not to correspond to low rotation and high rotation, but to reduce load. It is also good to handle high loads. ).

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of a valve and a plug when a piston valve is used in a four-stroke gasoline engine and a true expansion ratio is set larger than a true compression ratio. It is a figure.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the step of FIG. 1 (air mixture intake step).

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the step of FIG. 1 (compression step-1).

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the step of FIG. 1 [compression step-2 (ignition)].

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the step of FIG. 1 [expansion step (combustion)].

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the step of FIG. 1 (exhaust step).

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Intake valve (valve a) exclusively for air-fuel mixture 2 Open at bottom dead center during compression process, and during air-expansion process, air-fuel mixture expands too much due to explosion and becomes resistance to rotation (atmospheric pressure of 1 It will be the following.) Valve that closes before (valve b) 3 Exhaust valve (valve c) 4 Plug 5 Vaporizer 6 Intake pipe dedicated to air-fuel mixture 7 Passage 8 that connects the valve b and the intake pipe dedicated to air-fuel mixture 9 piston 10 valve b and valve c valve a intake valve for exclusive use of air-fuel mixture valve b open at bottom dead center during compression process, and during expansion process
Valve valve c Exhaust valve that closes before the air-fuel mixture expands excessively due to explosion and becomes resistance to rotation (atmospheric pressure becomes 1 or less)

Continued front page    (54) [Title of Invention] 4-cycle engine, 6-cycle engine, 8-cycle engine, 10-cycle engine or more                     In addition, the true expansion ratio is better than the true compression ratio when using a piston valve or rotary valve.                     How to take big.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A four-cycle engine (four-cycle gasoline engine, four-cycle diesel engine, in-cylinder four-cycle gasoline engine), six-cycle engine {[of diesel engine and gasoline engine,
6-cycle engine (Patent application No. 417964 in 1990)
issue). ] And [6 cycle diesel engine (1996
Patent application No. 140582). ], [6 cycle gasoline engine (1996 patent application No. 151453). ]
And [in-cylinder injection 6-cycle gasoline engine (1996 Patent Application No. 172736). ]. }, 8-cycle engine {[8-cycle diesel engine (1997 patent application No. 91265). ], [Cylinder injection 8-cycle gasoline engine (1997 patent application No. 129090). ]
And [8 cycle gasoline engine (1997 patent application No. 184308). ]. } Engines of 10 cycles or more [Engines of 10 cycles or more of gasoline engine, diesel engine and in-cylinder injection gasoline engine (1997 Patent Application No. 274908). ], Piston valve, rotary valve {[used in 4 cycle engine, 6 cycle engine, in place of piston valve,
Rotary valve (1991 Patent Application No. 356145)
issue). ], And [a rotary valve that replaces the reciprocating valve (1996, Japanese Patent Application No. 179726). ]. } Is used, the compression process opens at the bottom dead center, the expansion process opens the air-fuel mixture, or
Air expands too much due to explosion (combustion) (atmospheric pressure of 1
It becomes the following. ) Provide a valve (piston valve) and air port (rotary valve) that close before resistance to rotation. 2. The air-fuel mixture, or air, which has entered the valve, the air inlet according to claim 1, returns the air-fuel mixture to an intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and returns the air to the intake pipe (air is exhausted as it is). Or, in that case, the exhaust valve and exhaust port may be moved.