JP2002201947A - Method of taking longer true expansion stroke in expansion stroke than true compression stroke in compression stroke when piston valve and rotary valve are used for four-stroke cycle engine and six-stroke cycle engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of taking longer, in the stroke of a piston, a true expansion stroke in an expansion stroke than a true compression stroke in a compression stroke when a stroke valve and a rotary valve (Patent Application No.356145 in 1991) are used for a four-stroke cycle engine and a six-stroke cycle engine (Patent Application No.417964 in 1990, and Patent Application No.172736 in 1996). SOLUTION: A valve (piston valve) or an air port (rotary valve) opening at a top dead center and closing at a bottom dead center in an intake stroke (first intake stroke for six-stroke cycle engine), and a valve or an air port opening at the bottom dead center and closing just before the top dead center or air port are provided, and a space having notching (mixture or air stays here temporarily) is provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a four-stroke engine (a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, and a direct injection gasoline engine), a six-stroke engine (a diesel engine and a gasoline engine (Japanese Patent Application No. 41, 1990).
No. 7964) and a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine (1996 Patent Application No. 172736). ], A piston valve and a rotary valve (Patent Application No. 3561 of 1991)
No.45), when the compression process, the expansion process in the expansion process is really longer than in the compression process, the stroke is longer in terms of stroke. Regarding the countermeasures and the reciprocity with other cylinders in the case of multiple cylinders.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a process in which a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 4-cycle engine and a 6-cycle engine, the compression ratio = expansion ratio (actually, it differs depending on the valve timing and the like). Come.)

[0003]

In the process when a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a conventional four-cycle engine or six-cycle engine, in the expansion process, the piston expands due to an explosion. The problem is that the energy (power, torque) generated by the explosion is exhausted without being transmitted to the piston and the crankshaft, before moving to the exhaust process. was there.

[0004] The present invention relates to a four-stroke engine or a six-stroke engine, in which a piston valve or a rotary valve is used. The aim is to obtain a method that takes a long stroke in terms of stroke, furthermore, measures for taking too long, and for multiple cylinders,
The purpose is to obtain reciprocity with other cylinders.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a four-stroke engine and a six-stroke engine using a piston valve and a rotary valve. In the method of taking the stroke which really expands in the case of the stroke in the case of the stroke, it opens at the top dead center in the intake process (the first intake process in the case of a 6-cycle engine). Two types of valves and vents that close at the bottom dead center, and valves and vents that open at the bottom dead center and close before the top dead center during the compression process,
Provide valves, air vents.

At the end of the two types of valves, the passage to (from) the air port, an empty space (where the air-fuel mixture or air temporarily stagnates) is installed.

[0007] Passages to the empty space of the above two types of valves and vents are attached to the ends of the empty space.

In the case of a multi-cylinder engine, the empty space is connected to the empty space of the other cylinders.

In the case of a 4-cycle engine, 4
When the number of cylinders is more than the cylinder, in the intake process, the valve opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center.When the air port opens in the intake process, the other cylinder opens at the bottom dead center during the compression process. The valve closes just before the dead center, in the vent, connects directly to the valve, vent that opens in the compression process.

Further, in the case of a 6-cycle engine, 6
At the time of the cylinder or more, at the time of the first intake process, when the valve and the vent are opened at the top dead center and closed at the bottom dead center, and when the vent is opened in the first intake process, then at the time of the compression process of the other cylinder, In the valve and vent that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, it is directly connected to the valve and vent that opens in the compression process.

In the compression process, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, and as a measure against excessive opening of the air vent, a four-cycle diesel engine is used in the expansion process,
In the case of in-cylinder 4-cycle gasoline engine, 6-cycle diesel engine, and 6-cycle in-cylinder gasoline engine, the intake valve and the intake port are opened at the bottom dead center before the engine expands excessively and becomes rotational resistance. Close (opening the intake before closing at the bottom dead center before it expands too much to resist rotation) means that instead of using the same rotary valve as the intake, the rotary valve with the intake is It is to provide an intake port.)

In the case of a four-cycle gasoline engine, in the case of a four-cycle gasoline engine, in the case of an expansion process, a valve which opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center in the compression process, and a countermeasure for opening the vent too much. An air-only intake valve and intake port are provided. In the case of a 6-cycle gasoline engine, an air-only intake valve and intake port (2
The intake valve and intake during the second intake process. ) Opens before it expands too much to resist rotation and closes at bottom dead center.

[0013]

When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a four-stroke engine and a six-stroke engine configured as described above, the expansion process is more effective than the compression process in the compression process. In the method of taking the process to be longer in terms of stroke,
Two types of valves: a valve and a vent that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center during the intake process, and a valve and vent that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process. , Due to the mood,
The process of real compression ratio <expansion ratio (the space where there is nothing) is necessary.

A valve that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center during the intake process, and a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process; Due to the installation of an empty space at the end of the passage to the vent, during the next intake step, the mixture or air is reduced back into the cylinder.

Further, a four-cycle gasoline engine,
In the case of a six-cycle gasoline engine, the mixture is reduced, so that fuel is not wasted.

Also, in the intake process, a valve and a vent that open at the top dead center and close at the bottom dead center, and a valve and a vent that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process. The air-fuel mixture or air flows in a certain direction due to the passage to the empty space attached to the end of the empty space.

In addition, in the case of a multi-cylinder engine, the air-fuel mixture or air can be formed without waiting for the next intake process by connecting the empty space to the empty space of the other cylinders. The process of each cylinder can be set so that air is taken in at the time of the intake process of another cylinder.

In the case of a 4-cycle diesel engine, a direct-injection 4-cycle gasoline engine, a 6-cycle diesel engine, and a direct-injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, they open at the top dead center during the intake stroke and have the bottom dead center. No need for a valve, vent, and empty space to close at the time of the compression process. At the compression process, it opens at the bottom dead center and closes just before the top dead center. The process of really expanding during the expansion process, rather than the process of doing
In terms of the stroke, a long method can be obtained, and the method can be obtained by substituting the exhaust valve and the exhaust port. However, when the number of cylinders described below is used, it is better to connect the cylinders (exhaust port). Substituting is not to use the same exhaust port, but to provide an air port in a rotary valve having an exhaust port.)

That is, in the case of a 4-cycle engine, 4
When the number of cylinders is more than the cylinder, it is possible to make each cylinder perform a different process, so when the intake process, the valve that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center, when the vent opens in the intake process, at that time, During the compression process of the cylinder, the valve opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. In some cases, the intake air is compressed by other cylinders, and in the compression process, the valves and vents that open at the bottom dead center and close before the top dead center are opened during the compression process. During the intake process of the cylinder
A valve that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center.In the vent, the valve opens in the intake process. Is done.

In the case of a six-cycle engine, when the number of cylinders is six or more, each cylinder can perform a different process. Therefore, in the first intake process, the cylinder opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center. When the valve and air port are opened in the first intake process, then, in the other cylinder, during the compression process, the valve opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. Due to the direct connection to valves and vents that open in the process, during the first intake process, air is sucked in the form compressed by other cylinders, and in the compression process, it opens at the bottom dead center and top dead. When the valve or vent closes before the point is opened in the compression stroke, then, in the first intake stroke of another cylinder, the valve opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center. In the compression process, air is taken into other cylinders by connecting directly to the valve and air port that opens in the first intake process. In is compressed.

In the compression process, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, and as a countermeasure for opening the vent too much, the expansion process uses a four-cycle diesel engine and an in-cylinder In the case of a 4-cycle gasoline engine, a 6-cycle diesel engine, and a 6-cycle in-cylinder gasoline engine, open the intake valve and intake port and close at the bottom dead center before expanding too much and causing rotation resistance. According to
Furthermore, the ratio of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be set high, and the expansion process can be performed smoothly.

In the case of a four-stroke gasoline engine, in the case of a four-stroke gasoline engine, in the case of the expansion process, a valve which opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process, and a countermeasure when the vent is excessively opened, An air-only intake valve and inlet are provided. In the case of a 6-cycle gasoline engine, an air-only intake valve and inlet are
Because it opens before it expands too much and becomes resistance to rotation, and closes at the bottom dead center, the ratio of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be high, and the expansion process can be performed smoothly.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 to 12, a four-stroke engine and a six-stroke engine use a piston valve and a rotary valve in a compression step. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of valves and vents in a method of taking a process of actually expanding at the time of an expansion process longer than a process of truly compressing, in terms of stroke. Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a four-stroke gasoline engine using a piston valve. The intake valve and the exhaust valve are exclusively for air-fuel mixture. A closing valve,
During the compression process, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, and an intake valve dedicated to air (opens a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process) It is a diagram showing that, as a countermeasure in the event of passing, an intake valve dedicated to air is provided in the expansion step, which opens before closing due to excessive expansion and becomes a resistance to rotation, and is closed at the bottom dead center. In the intake process, the valve that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center is the valve a, and during the compression process, the valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center is the valve b. The intake valve dedicated to air is the valve c, and the valve a in the case of the 6-cycle engine is the valve a in the first intake process.) Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a four-cycle gasoline engine, in which three rotary valves are used, and two rotary valves are used (inner die).
Into an H-shape, an intake port dedicated to the mixture, an exhaust port, a vent that opens at the top dead center in the intake process and closes at the bottom dead center, and an open top dead center at the compression process A vent that closes before the point and an air inlet dedicated to air (as a countermeasure when the vent that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center is too open during the compression process, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing that a portion having an air-only intake port that opens before opening and closes at the bottom dead center before becoming a resistance to rotation due to excessive expansion is provided. The opening that opens at the point and closes at the bottom dead center is the opening d. During the compression process, the opening that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center is the opening e. The dedicated intake port is
And the air port d in the case of the 6-cycle engine is the air port d in the first intake process. ). FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view when a piston valve is used in a four-cycle diesel engine, showing that an intake valve serving also as an intake valve and a valve c, an exhaust valve, a valve a, and a valve b are provided. It is. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a four-cycle diesel engine. The rotary valve has two H-shaped rotary valves, and an intake port, a vent f, an exhaust port, and a vent. It is a figure which shows that d and the part with the air | mouth e were provided. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 4-cycle gasoline engine, in which an intake valve serving also as an intake valve and a valve c, an exhaust valve, a valve a, and a valve b are provided. FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a direct injection four-cycle gasoline engine, in which two rotary valves having an H-shaped cross section are used, and an intake port, a vent f, and an exhaust port are used. It is a figure which shows that the part with a mouth d and the mouth e was provided. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view when a piston valve is used in a six-cycle gasoline engine, and includes an intake valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture, an exhaust valve serving also as first and second exhausts, a valve a, and a valve b. , 2
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing that a valve serving as a valve and a valve c at the time of a second intake process is provided. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, in which three rotary valves are used, and two rotary valves are H-shaped,
FIG. 7 is a view showing that an inlet dedicated to an air-fuel mixture, a first outlet and a second outlet, a port d, a port e, and a portion having a second inlet and a port f are provided. is there. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle diesel engine.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing that an intake valve serving also as a valve, an exhaust valve serving also as first and second exhausts, a valve a, and a valve b are provided. FIG. 10 is a transverse cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a 6-cycle diesel engine, using two rotary valves having H-shaped cross sections, the first and second intake ports and air ports f, First and second exhaust port, vent d, vent e
It is a figure showing that a certain part was provided. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine. The intake valve also serves as the first and second intake and the valve c, and also serves as the first and second exhaust. FIG. 7 is a view showing that an exhaust valve, a valve a, and a valve b are provided. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, in which two rotary valves having H-shaped cross sections are used, and the first and second intake ports and air ports. f, the first and second exhaust ports, the air port d,
It is a figure which shows that the part with the air | mouth e was provided. It is.

Further, the valves c and c shown in FIGS.
The vent f is not required unless the valve b and the vent e are opened too much during the compression process.

And a four-cycle gasoline engine,
FIGS. 1, 2 and 7 when a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine.
In FIG. 8, a vaporizer is attached.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 to 24, FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 1 is viewed from the direction of section AA. FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 2 is viewed from the direction of the section BB. FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 3 is viewed from the direction of the section CC. FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 4 is viewed from the direction of the section DD. FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 5 is viewed from the direction of the section EE. FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 6 is viewed from the direction of the section FF. FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 7 is viewed from the direction of the section GG. FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 8 is viewed from the direction of the section HH. FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 9 is viewed from the direction of the section II. FIG. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 10 is viewed from the direction of section JJ. FIG. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 11 is viewed from the direction of the section KK. FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 12 is viewed from the direction of the section LL. It is.

Also, empty spaces are attached to the valves a and b and the vents d and e shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 13, and the valves a and b and the vent d Passages to and from the empty space of the air outlet e are attached to the ends of the empty space.

The valve shown in FIGS. 1 to 24,
The number of mouths indicates only the minimum required number,
The empty space is a typical example attached to FIG. 1, FIG. 4 and FIG. 13, and the number, arrangement and size of valves and vents differ depending on the engine.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 25 to 32,
When a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, the process of expanding the process in the expansion process is longer than the process of the actual compression in the compression process. Shows the cross section GG
FIGS. 25 to 32 show the first intake process (air-fuel mixture intake process). The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the valve a are located at the top dead center. Open at the bottom dead center and close at the bottom dead center.
In addition, the valve serving as the valve and the valve c in the second intake process is closed. Fig. 26 Compression process-1 The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, the valve a, and the exhaust valve serving also as the first and second exhausts are closed, and the valve b is opened at the bottom dead center and before the top dead center. The valve serving as the valve and the valve c at the time of the second suction process is closed (the valve b shown in FIG. 26 is opened at the bottom dead center, and the piston rises about two thirds). (It is a diagram that is assumed to be closed at the time, and is also a diagram immediately before closing.) FIG. 27 Compression process-2 (ignition) Intake valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture, valve a, exhaust valve serving also as first and second exhaust, valve b, valve and valve during second intake process The valve also serving as c is closed. FIG. 28 Expansion process-1 The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, the valve a, the exhaust valve serving also as the first and second exhaust, and the valve b are closed, and the valve and the valve c in the second intake process are closed. The valve that also doubles opens before the air-fuel mixture expands too much and becomes a resistance to rotation (see FIG. 28, the valve that doubles as the valve during the second intake stroke and the valve c has a piston of about 3 minutes). 2 is a diagram assuming that it opens when it descends, and is also a diagram immediately after opening.) FIG. 29 Expansion process-2 (air intake process) The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, the valve a, the exhaust valve serving also as the first and second exhaust, and the valve b are closed, and the second intake process is performed. The valve that also serves as the valve c also closes at the bottom dead center (the valve that also serves as the valve and the valve c at the time of the second intake process shown in FIG. 29 is a view immediately after the valve is closed). . FIG. 30. First Exhaust Process The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the valve a are closed, the exhaust valves serving as the first and second exhausts are opened, and the valve b and the valves and valves in the second intake process are opened. The valve also serving as c is closed. FIG. 31 Second intake process (air intake process) An intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, a valve a, an exhaust valve serving also as the first and second exhaust, and a valve b are closed, and the second intake process is performed. The valve serving as the time valve and the valve c is open. FIG. 32 Second Exhaust Step The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the valve a are closed, the exhaust valves serving as the first and second exhausts are opened, and the valve b and the valves and valves during the second intake step are opened. The valve also serving as c is closed. FIG.

In addition, when a rotary valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, the process of really expanding in the expansion process is longer than the process of really compressing in the compression process in terms of stroke. Although the vertical cross-sectional view showing the steps of the method and assuming that it was viewed from the direction of the section HH is not drawn, the steps when using the piston valve and when using the rotary valve are the same,
I omit it here.

Then, for a 4-cycle gasoline engine,
In the case of using a piston valve and a rotary valve, the process of expanding the process of expanding in the expansion process is longer than the process of truly compressing in the compression process. , Section A-A, section B
Although the vertical sectional view, which is assumed to be viewed from the direction of −B, is not drawn, the second intake process and the exhaust process are omitted, and the names of the valves and the vents are changed to the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture or the air-fuel mixture. Exclusive inlet, exhaust valve or exhaust, valve a or air d
And the valve b or the air port e and the valve c or the air port f, it is possible to draw a diagram of each process.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 33 to 40,
When using a piston valve in an in-cylinder 6-cycle gasoline engine, the process of really expanding in the expansion process is longer than the process of really compressing in the compression process. It is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process at the time, assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the section KK,
FIG. 33 to FIG. 40 show FIG. 33. First intake process The first and second intakes and the intake valve serving also as valve c are opened.
The exhaust valve serving as the second and the third exhaust is closed, the valve a is opened, and the valve b is closed. Fig. 34 Compression process-1 The first and second intakes and the intake valve serving as the valve c, the first and second exhaust valves serving as the exhaust, and the valve a is closed.
Open at bottom dead center and close before top dead center (assumed that valve b, shown in FIG. 34, opens at bottom dead center and closes when the piston rises about one-half, or so. FIG. 2 and the figure immediately before closing.) FIG. 35 Compression process-2 (fuel injection / ignition) The first and second intakes and the intake valve that also serves as the valve c, the first and second exhaust valves that also serve as the exhaust, the valve a, and the valve b Is closed. FIG. 36: Expansion Step-1 The first and second intakes and the intake valve serving also as the valve c are opened before they become excessively inflated and become rotational resistance, and the exhaust valve serving also as the first and second exhausts is provided. Valves a and b are closed (FIG. 3).
6, the intake valve serving as the first and second intake and the valve c is assumed to be opened when the piston descends by about three quarters, and is also a figure immediately after being opened. . ). 37. Inflation process-2 (air intake process) The intake valve serving as the first and second intake and the valve c is closed at the bottom dead center, and the exhaust valve serving also as the first and the second exhaust is provided with a valve. a
And the valve b is also closed (the first time and the second time shown in FIG. 37).
The intake valve serving as the valve c and the second intake is a view immediately after being closed. ). FIG. 38 First Exhaust Step First and second intakes and the intake valve serving also as valve c are closed.
The exhaust valve serving as the second and the third exhaust is open, and the valves a and b are closed. FIG. 39 Second intake process The first and second intakes and the intake valve serving as valve c are opened.
The exhaust valve serving as the second and the second exhaust, the valve a, and the valve b are closed. FIG. 40 Second exhaust process First and second intakes and the intake valve serving also as valve c are closed.
The exhaust valve serving as the second and the third exhaust is open, and the valves a and b are closed. FIG.

When a rotary valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, a compression process is performed.
A longitudinal cross-sectional view assuming that it is viewed from the direction of a cross section LL, showing a step of a method of taking a longer time in a case of a method of actually expanding in a case of an expansion step than in a step of actually compressing. Are not drawn, but the steps when using a piston valve and when using a rotary valve are the same, and are omitted here.

When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a direct injection four-cycle gasoline engine, the process of really expanding in the expansion process is better than the process of really compressing in the compression process. Sections EE, which show the steps of the method of taking a long stroke,
Although the vertical sectional view is not drawn assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the section FF, the second intake step and the exhaust step are omitted,
Names of the valve and the port are an intake valve serving as an intake valve and a valve c, or an intake port and a port f, an exhaust valve or an exhaust port, a valve a or a port d, and a valve b. Or, if the part is changed to a part having a mouth e, a diagram of each step can be drawn.

Further, a 4-cycle diesel engine,
When using a piston valve and a rotary valve in a 6-cycle diesel engine, the process of really expanding in the expansion process is longer than the process of really compressing in the compression process. Although the vertical cross-sectional view is not drawn, assuming that it is viewed from the directions of the cross-section CC, the cross-section DD, the cross-section II, and the cross-section JJ, the in-cylinder four-cycle gasoline is shown. In the compression process, when a piston valve and a rotary valve are used for an engine and a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine,
If the plug is omitted from the vertical cross-sectional view showing the process of the method of taking the process of actually expanding when the expansion process is longer than the process of actually compressing, if the plug is omitted, the diagram of each process will be shown. I can draw.

The valve timing of the piston valve shown in FIGS.
It is not included because it differs depending on the increase / decrease of the rotation speed and the compression ratio.

The reason that the valve timing is not included is also to facilitate the description of the process.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 41, the multi-cylinder (2
At the time of more than one cylinder), the air-fuel mixture or air can be generated without waiting for the next intake process by connecting the empty space in each cylinder to the empty space in the other cylinders. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing that the process of each cylinder can be assembled so that air is taken in at the time of the intake process of another cylinder.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view when a piston valve is used in a cycle gasoline engine.

In the case of a multi-cylinder engine of another engine, the empty space in each cylinder is defined as one empty space in the other cylinder.
A connected figure can be drawn, but the operation is the same, so it is omitted here.

FIG. 41 is also a view assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the section MM. The passages of the valves a and b to and from the empty space are the ends of the empty space. And attached to the end.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 42, in the case of a four-stroke engine, when the number of cylinders is four or more, different processes can be performed for each cylinder. When the valve or vent that closes at the point opens in the intake process, then, in the other cylinder, during the compression process, the valve opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. Due to the valve that opens in the process and the direct connection to the air port,
In the intake process, air is drawn into the valve and air port that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center, and is compressed into other cylinders. A valve that closes between you,
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing that the air port is compressed in a form in which it is taken into another cylinder. As a representative example, an in-line four-cylinder, four-cycle diesel engine is assumed to be viewed from the direction of the cross section NN. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view when a piston valve is used.

Although a diagram of four cylinders of another four-stroke engine can be drawn, the operation is the same, so that it is omitted here.

Although a diagram of five or more cylinders of a four-stroke engine satisfying the above conditions can be drawn, the above-mentioned two types of valves and vents are related to two or more cylinders, and there are cases where the operation is difficult to understand. So, I omit it here.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 43, in the case of a six-stroke engine, when the number of cylinders is six or more, a different process can be performed for each cylinder.
When the valve and vent open at the top dead center and close at the bottom dead center, open at the first intake stroke, then at the compression stroke of other cylinders, open at the bottom dead center and before the top dead center. The air-fuel mixture or air opens at the top dead center in the first intake process, and opens at the bottom dead center due to the close valve, the valve that opens in the compression process in the vent, and the direct connection to the vent. The intake valve is compressed into another cylinder by the closing valve and vent, and is opened at the bottom dead center and closed before the top dead center during the compression process. It is a diagram showing that it is compressed in a form, as a representative example,
An in-line six-cylinder, assumed to be viewed from the direction of the cross section OO,
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine.

Although a drawing of a six-cylinder engine of another six-stroke engine can be drawn, its operation is the same, so that it is omitted here.

Although a drawing of a six-stroke engine satisfying the above conditions and having seven or more cylinders can be drawn, the above-mentioned two types of valves and air ports are related to two or more cylinders, so that the operation may be difficult to understand. So, I omit it here.

[0047]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 4-cycle engine and a 6-cycle engine,
At the time of the intake process (the first intake process in the case of a 6-cycle engine), the valve and air port that open at the top dead center and close at the bottom dead center are:
At the time of the compression process, by providing two types of valves and vents that open at the bottom dead center and close before the top dead center,
It is possible to obtain a method of taking a longer stroke in the expansion process in the expansion process than in the compression process in the compression process, in a stroke, so that the compression ratio <the expansion ratio (the space where there is nothing) ,is necessary.). In comparison with conventional 4-stroke and 6-stroke engines, the same amount of fuel is consumed than when a piston valve and a rotary valve are used. A little more can be transmitted to the piston and crankshaft.

Then, at the end of the above two types of valves and vents,
Due to the installation of an empty space (where the mixture or air temporarily stops), during the compression process, the mixture,
Or, the air is compressed and enters the empty space, but is reduced in the cylinder during the next intake process (in the case of gasoline, the air-fuel mixture liquefies, so the empty space is Preferably above.)

In particular, a four-stroke gasoline engine,
When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a cycle gasoline engine, the air-fuel mixture is returned to the cylinder, so that fuel is not wasted.

Also, a four-cycle diesel engine,
When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a direct injection 4-cycle gasoline engine, a 6-cycle diesel engine, and a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, they open at the top dead center and close at the bottom dead center during the intake process. The valve, vent and empty space are not required anymore. During the compression process, only the valve and vent are opened at the bottom dead center and closed before the top dead center. than,
At the time of the expansion step, it is possible to obtain a method in which the step of actually expanding is longer in terms of stroke, and it is also possible to substitute the exhaust valve and the exhaust port.
It is better to use an exhaust port instead of using the same exhaust port. Instead of using the same exhaust port, use a rotary valve with an exhaust port and a rotary valve with the first and second exhaust ports. In the compression step, a vent (a vent e) that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center is provided. ].

Further, the valve a and the valve b, or the vent d and the vent e
The air-fuel mixture or air flows in a certain direction due to the passage to the empty space at the end of the empty space, and a smooth flow of the air-fuel mixture or air is obtained. Can be

Then, in the case of a multi-cylinder system, by connecting the empty space to the empty space of the other cylinders into one, the air-fuel mixture or the air can be obtained without waiting for the next intake process. The process of each cylinder is set so that it is taken in at the time of the intake process of the other cylinders, so that if the explosion speed is the same, the air-fuel mixture or the stagnation time in a space where there is no air, Can be shortened,
Or, depending on the number of cylinders, you can eliminate the empty space,
The mixture or air no longer stagnates.

In addition, there is no empty space in each cylinder compared to the space provided in each cylinder.
The stagnation time in the air-fuel-free or air-free space can be reduced or eliminated depending on the number of cylinders, so that it can be further reduced or the valve a of each cylinder can be reduced.
And the valve b, or the air port d and the air port e can be completed only with a connecting element.

Further, in the case of a 4-cycle engine, 4
At the time of the cylinder or more, when the valve a or the port d is opened in the intake process, then, in the valve b or the port e of another cylinder, the valve b or the valve d is opened in the compression process. Due to the direct connection to the air port e, during the intake process, the air-fuel mixture or air is supplied to the valve a or air port d and the valve b or air port e of another cylinder.
In the compression process, the air is compressed into the valve b or the air port e while being sucked into the valve a or the air port d of another cylinder. In addition, resistance during the compression process is reduced.

Further, since there is no need for an empty space, and the mixture or air flows in a certain direction, a smoother process can be performed.

In the case of a 6-cycle engine, 6
When the number of cylinders is equal to or more than one, when the valve a or the port d is opened in the first intake step, then, in the valve b or the port e of another cylinder, the valve b or the port e is opened in the compression step. Or, due to the direct connection to the air port e, at the time of the first intake process, the air-fuel mixture or the air is supplied to the valve a or the air port d to the valve b or the air port of another cylinder. Since the air is sucked in the form compressed to the port e, and compressed in the compression process, the valve b or the port e is compressed to be sucked into the valve a or the port d of another cylinder. The resistance during the first intake process and the compression process is reduced.

Further, since there is no need for an empty space, and the air-fuel mixture or the air flows in a certain direction, a smoother process can be performed.

In the compression step, the valve b or the air port e
As a countermeasure when the engine is opened too much, in the expansion process, in the case of a 4-cycle diesel engine, a direct injection 4-cycle gasoline engine, a 6-cycle diesel engine, and a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, the engine is over-expanded. By opening the intake valve and the intake port before turning resistance and closing at the bottom dead center, the ratio of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be set high, and the expansion process can be performed smoothly.

At the time of the compression step, the valve b or the air port e
As a countermeasure when the valve is excessively opened, in the expansion process, the valve c and the vent f (for the 4-cycle gasoline engine and the 6-cycle gasoline engine, the valve (for the 6-cycle gasoline engine, the valve of the second intake process) Even if the air valve is used, the air f
May be provided. ), The ratio of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be further increased, and the expansion process can be performed smoothly.

The fact that the ratio of the ratio of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be further increased means that the exhaust gas is further thinned by the air. Can reduce the proportion of real exhaust gas when moving from the second exhaust process to the intake process (first intake process in the case of a 6-cycle engine), leading to low pollution. .

Further, even with the same engine explosion speed,
At a high load, the valve b or the port e is closed early, at a low load, the valve b or the port e is closed late, and
By using the valve c or the air port f, energy extraction and fuel consumption suitable for the situation can be performed.

If the valve or air port is moved as described above, the actual compression ratio also changes.
The purpose of the engine when the rotary valve is used, the number of revolutions, the method of changing the compression ratio when the number of revolutions rises and falls, and the type of the device (1995 Patent Application No. 109930)
No.), a real compression ratio suitable for the situation can be obtained.

When a piston valve or a rotary valve is used in a four-cycle gasoline engine or a six-cycle gasoline engine, as an alternative to the action of closing the valve or vent early, closing it late, or not opening it. By using a passage dedicated to an air-fuel mixture, a passage from an empty space, a passage dedicated to air, and a type of the opening / closing device (Japanese Patent Application No. 97346), Approaches the action of closing or opening slowly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a four-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an arrangement of a rotary valve when the rotary valve is used in a four-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a four-cycle diesel engine.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an arrangement of a rotary valve when the rotary valve is used in a four-cycle diesel engine.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 4-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the arrangement of the rotary valve when the rotary valve is used in a direct injection 4-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the arrangement of the rotary valve when the rotary valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle diesel engine.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of the rotary valves when the rotary valves are used in a 6-cycle diesel engine.

FIG. 11 shows an example of valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine.
FIG.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the arrangement of the rotary valve when the rotary valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the embodiment assuming that FIG. 1 is viewed from the direction of the section AA.

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 2 is viewed from the direction of the section BB.

FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 3 is viewed from the direction of the section CC.

FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the embodiment assuming that FIG. 4 is viewed from the direction of the section DD.

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 5 is viewed from the direction of the section EE.

FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 6 is viewed from the direction of the section FF.

FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 7 is viewed from the direction of the section GG.

FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 8 is viewed from the direction of the section HH.

FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 9 is viewed from the direction of the section II.

FIG. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 10 is viewed from the direction of the section JJ.

FIG. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 11 is viewed from the direction of the section KK.

FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 12 is viewed from the direction of the section LL.

FIG. 25 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is viewed from the direction of a cross section GG. [First intake process (air-fuel mixture intake process)] ].

FIG. 26 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the section GG (compression process-1).

FIG. 27 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from a direction of a section GG [compression process-2 (ignition)].

FIG. 28 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the section GG [expansion process-1 (combustion)].

FIG. 29 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the cross section GG [expansion process-2 (air intake process)].

FIG. 30 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a step when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section GG (first exhaust step).

FIG. 31 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from a direction of a section GG [second intake process (air intake process)]; .

FIG. 32 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the cross section GG (second exhaust process).

FIG. 33 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from a direction of a section KK (first intake process).

FIG. 34 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is viewed from the direction of the cross section KK (compression process—
1).

FIG. 35 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is viewed from the direction of a cross section KK [Compression process-2]
(Fuel injection / ignition)].

FIG. 36 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the section KK [Expansion process-1]
(combustion)〕.

FIG. 37 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the cross section KK [Expansion process-2]
(Air intake process)].

FIG. 38 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from a direction of a section KK (first exhaust process).

FIG. 39 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from a direction of a section KK (second intake process).

FIG. 40 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the section KK (second exhaust process).

FIG. 41 shows a related embodiment of valves a and b of each cylinder when a piston valve is used in an in-line two-cylinder, four-stroke gasoline engine, assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the section MM. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

FIG. 42 shows a related embodiment of the valves a and b of each cylinder when a piston valve is used in an in-line four-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine, assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the cross section NN. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

FIG. 43 is a view showing a related example of valves a and b of each cylinder when a piston valve is used in an in-line six-cylinder, in-cylinder in-cylinder six-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston is viewed from a direction of a cross section OO FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Intake valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture 2 Exhaust valve 3 Valve that opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center during intake process (valve a) 4 During compression process opens at bottom dead center and before just before top dead center Close valve (valve b) 5 In the compression process, as a measure against opening the valve (valve b) that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center too much, in the expansion process, it expands too much and rotates. Open before closing, and close at bottom dead center, air-only intake valve (valve c) 6 plug 7 carburetor 8 intake pipe 9 exhaust pipe 10 air-only intake pipe 11 empty space (mixture or , Where air temporarily stagnates) 12 The cross section (inner mold) is H-shaped, and the rotary valve 13 section (inner mold) is provided with a portion having an intake port dedicated to air-fuel mixture and a portion having an exhaust port. , H-shaped, and at the time of the intake process, a portion having a vent (port d) closed at the top dead center and closed at the bottom dead center; A rotary valve provided with a portion having a vent (vent e) that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. 14 During the compression process, the rotary valve opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. As a countermeasure when the air port (air port e) is opened too much, at the time of the expansion process, it opens before it expands too much and becomes a resistance to rotation,
A rotary valve provided with a part with an air inlet (air port f) that closes at the bottom dead center. 15 A passage from an empty space [at the time of the suction process, it opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center. Passage from the empty space to the mouth (mouth d)] 16 Passage to the empty space [Ventilation opening at bottom dead center and closing before top dead center during compression process e) from
Passage to empty space] 17 Valve serving as intake valve and valve c 18 Fuel injector 19 Passage from empty space [Valve that opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center during intake process (valve a 20) Passage from an empty space to 20) Passage to an empty space [Nothing from valve (valve b) that opens at bottom dead center and closes before top dead center during the compression process Passage to a space where there is no] 21 A rotary valve having a H-shaped cross section (inner shape), a portion having an intake port and a port f, and a portion having an exhaust port 22 An intake valve (1 23) Exhaust valve that also serves as first and second exhaust 24) Valve during second intake (air intake valve)
The cross section (inner mold) of the valve 25 is also H-shaped, and a portion having an intake port dedicated to the mixture (the intake port at the time of the first intake step) and 1
A rotary valve 26 provided with a portion having the second and second exhaust ports, and a rotary valve 27 1 provided with a portion having an air inlet (a dedicated air inlet) at the time of the second suction process and a portion having an air port f. The cross section (inner mold) of the intake valve 28 which also serves as the valve c and the first and second intakes is H-shaped, and the first and second portions having the intake port and the air port f, and the first and second intakes Rotary valve 29 Piston 30 Inlet valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture, Exhaust valve 31 Valve a and Valve b 32 Intake port dedicated to air-fuel mixture 33 Exhaust port of rotary valve Rotary valve 29 Piston 30 Vent that opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center during valve intake process (vent d) 35 Vent of rotary valve that opens at bottom dead center and closes before top dead center during compression process (Vent e) 36 Pressure of rotary valve In the contraction process, as a countermeasure when the air vent (air vent e) that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center is excessively opened, the expansion process takes place before the air volume expands excessively and becomes a resistance to rotation. , Closed at bottom dead center, air dedicated air inlet (air port f) 37 Rotational direction of rotary valve 38 Valve serving as intake valve and valve c, and exhaust valve 39 Intake port of rotary valve 40 Plug and fuel Injector 41 Intake valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture (valve for first intake step) and exhaust valve serving as first and second exhausts 42 Intake valve dedicated to air (valve for second intake step) )
43 The intake port dedicated to the air-fuel mixture of the rotary valve (the intake port at the time of the first intake process) 44 The first exhaust port of the rotary valve 45 The second exhaust of the rotary valve Mouth 46 The first and second intakes and an intake valve that also serves as valve c,
Exhaust valve that also serves as first and second exhausts 47 Inlet for air only of rotary valve (inlet at the time of second intake process) 48 First intake of rotary valve 49 Two of rotary valve The first intake port 50 immediately before the completion of the intake process of the air-fuel mixture 51 immediately before the completion of the expansion process 52 immediately before the completion of the intake process 53 just before the completion of the compression process 54 immediately before the completion of the exhaust process 55 a passage connecting the valve a and the valve b 56 immediately before the completion of the first intake process 57 Immediately before the completion of the second intake process 58 Immediately before the completion of the first exhaust process 59 Immediately before the completion of the second exhaust process 60 In the combustion chamber, the intake port dedicated to the air-fuel mixture 61 The combustion chamber, the exhaust port 62 The combustion chamber during the intake process The opening at the top dead center and closing at the bottom dead center 63 The opening of the combustion chamber during the compression process, the opening at the bottom dead center and closing before the top dead center 64 The bottom of the combustion chamber during the compression process At dead center As a measure of when you close too open air inlets between the front of the upper dead point came, when the expansion process, to open before the resistance of the rotation too inflated,
Air intake port closed at bottom dead center, dedicated to air 65 As a countermeasure when the air intake port of the combustion chamber and the air opening that opens at bottom dead center and closes before top dead center during the compression process are too open, At the time of the expansion process, the air opening that opens before closing to the rotation resistance due to excessive expansion, and closes at the bottom dead center. The intake port at the time of the intake process 67 The exhaust port which also serves as the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port of the combustion chamber 68 At the compression process, the combustion chamber opens at the bottom dead center and before the top dead center. As a countermeasure when opening the mouth to be closed too much, during the expansion process, open before it expands too much and becomes the resistance of rotation,
A vent that closes at the bottom dead center and serves as both the air intake port and the air port during the second intake process (air intake process). 69 The combustion chamber opens at the bottom dead center during the compression process. As a countermeasure when the air vent closes before the top dead center is too open, in the expansion process, open before it expands too much and becomes a resistance to rotation,
An air outlet that closes at the bottom dead center and serves as an air inlet, a first air inlet, and a second air inlet AA cross section BB cross section CC cross section DD cross section EE Cross section FF cross section GG cross section HH cross section II cross section JJ cross section KK cross section LL cross section MM cross section NN cross section OO cross section

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F02D 15/04 F02D 15/04 D // F02B 75/02 F02B 75/02 A (54) [Title of Invention] When using a piston valve or rotary valve for a 4-cycle engine or a 6-cycle engine, the process of truly expanding in the expansion process is more of a stroke than the process of really compressing in the compression process. Then take a long way.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A four-cycle engine (a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, and a direct injection gasoline engine), a six-cycle engine (a diesel engine, a gasoline engine (Japanese Patent Application No. 417964), and a direct injection six-cycle gasoline engine). (1996 Patent Application No. 172736). ], When a piston valve and a rotary valve (patent application No. 356145 in 1991) are used, in the intake process (the first intake process in the case of a 6-cycle engine), it opens at the top dead center and opens at the bottom dead center. Valve (piston valve), air port (rotary valve), and valve that opens at bottom dead center and closes before top dead center during compression process,
Two types of valves and vents are provided. 2. The valve according to claim 1, which is opened at a top dead center and closed at a bottom dead center during an intake process, and between a valve and an air port opened at a bottom dead center and just before the top dead center during a compression process. At the end of the closing valve and vent, attach an empty space (where the air-fuel mixture or air temporarily stagnates). 3. The valve according to claim 2, which is opened at a top dead center and closed at a bottom dead center during an intake process, and between a vent and an opening at a bottom dead center before a top dead center during a compression process. Attach the closing valve, vent to the empty space, to the empty space end to end. 4. In the case of a multi-cylinder, the empty space according to claim 2 is connected to the empty space of another cylinder as one. 5. In the case of a four-stroke engine, when the number of cylinders is four or more, during the intake stroke, the valve opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center. During the compression process, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center,
In the vent, connect directly to the valve and vent that opens in the compression process. 6. In the case of a six-stroke engine, when the number of cylinders is six or more, a valve that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center in the first intake stroke, and a vent opens in the first intake stroke. At that time, in the compression process of the other cylinders, the valve is opened at the bottom dead center and closed before the top dead center, and the valve is opened directly in the compression process. 7. In the compression step, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, as a countermeasure when the vent is opened too much,
At the time of the expansion process, in the case of a 4-cycle diesel engine, a direct injection 4-cycle gasoline engine, a 6-cycle diesel engine, and a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, the intake air is increased before the engine is over-expanded and becomes rotational resistance. Open the valve and intake port and close at the bottom dead center. 8. In the compression step, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center,
During the expansion process, in the case of a 4-cycle gasoline engine,
A dedicated air intake valve and intake port are provided. In the case of a 6-cycle gasoline engine, the exclusive air intake valve and intake port (the intake valve and intake port at the time of the second intake process) are excessively expanded and rotated. Open before reaching resistance and close at bottom dead center.