JPH11303644A - Method of taking longer stroke in compression stroke than in actual compression stroke and taking longer stroke in actual expansion stroke than in expansion stroke, in using piston valve and rotary valve for four cycle engine and six cycle engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve output by providing a valve and an air port which are opened at the top dead center and closed at the lower dead center at the time of intake stroke and a valve and an air port which are opened at the lower dead center and closed before the top dead center at the time of compression stroke in a four-cycle engine. SOLUTION: A four-cycle engine is provided with an intake valve 1 and an exhaust valve 2 special for fuel-air mixture at the time of using a piston valve, a valve 3 opened at the top dead center and closed at the lower dead center at the time of intake stroke, and a valve 4 opened at the lower dead center and closed before the top dead center at the time of compression stroke. Further, an intake valve 5 special for air is provided, and the intake valve 5 is controlled to be opened before it is excessively expanded to be resistance to rotation at the time of expansion stroke and closed at the lower dead center as a countermeasure for the case the valve 4 is opened excessively. An intake pipe 8 provided with a carburetor 7 is connected to the intake valve 1, an exhaust pipe 9 is connected to the exhaust valve 2, and a space 11 where a fuel air mixture and air stay temporarily is put in the connecting state between the valves 3, 4. Further, an intake pipe 10 special for air is connected to the intake valve 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a four-stroke engine (gasoline engine, diesel engine, and direct injection gasoline engine), a six-stroke engine (gasoline engine and diesel engine (Japanese Patent Application No. 4179, 1990).
No. 64) and a direct injection 6 cycle gasoline engine (1996 Patent Application No. 172736)], a piston valve,
Rotary valve (1991 Patent Application No. 356145)
The present invention relates to a method in which a step of really expanding in an expansion step is longer in a stroke than in a step of truly compressing in a compression step when using.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional process in which a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 4-cycle engine and a 6-cycle engine, the compression ratio is the expansion ratio in theory.

[0003]

In the process when a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a conventional four-cycle engine or six-cycle engine, in the expansion process, the piston expands due to an explosion. The problem is that the energy (power, torque) generated by the explosion is exhausted without being transmitted to the piston and the crankshaft, before moving to the exhaust process. was there.

[0004] The present invention relates to a four-stroke engine or a six-stroke engine, in which a piston valve or a rotary valve is used. The aim is to obtain a method that takes a long time in terms of stroke, furthermore, if it takes too long, and if it is a multi-cylinder,
The purpose is to obtain reciprocity with other cylinders.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a four-stroke engine and a six-stroke engine using a piston valve and a rotary valve. In the method of taking the stroke which really expands in the case of the stroke in the case of the stroke, it opens at the top dead center in the intake process (the first intake process in the case of a 6-cycle engine). Two types of valves and vents that close at the bottom dead center, and valves and vents that open at the bottom dead center and close before the top dead center during the compression process,
Provide valves, air vents.

[0006] At the end of the two types of valves, the passage to (from) the vent, an empty space (where the air-fuel mixture or air temporarily stagnates) is installed.

[0007] Passages to the empty space of the above two types of valves and vents are attached to the ends of the empty space.

In the case of a multi-cylinder engine, the empty space is connected to the empty space of the other cylinders.

In the case of a 4-cycle engine, 4
When the number of cylinders is more than the cylinder, in the intake process, the valve opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center, when the vent opens in the intake process, then opens at the bottom dead center of the other cylinder in the compression process A valve that closes before the top dead center, a valve that opens in the compression process in the vent,
Connect directly to your mood.

Further, in the case of a 6-cycle engine, 6
At the time of the cylinder or more, at the time of the first intake process, when the valve and the vent are opened at the top dead center and closed at the bottom dead center, and when the vent is opened in the first intake process, then at the time of the compression process of the other cylinder, In the valve and vent that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, it is directly connected to the valve and vent that are open in the compression process.

In the compression process, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, and as a measure against excessive opening of the air vent, a four-cycle diesel engine is used in the expansion process,
In the case of a direct injection gasoline engine, a 6-cycle diesel engine, and a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, the intake valve and the intake port are opened and closed at the bottom dead center before the engine expands excessively and becomes rotational resistance.

In the case of a four-cycle gasoline engine, in the case of a four-cycle gasoline engine, in the case of an expansion process, a valve which opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center in the compression process, and a countermeasure for opening the vent too much. An air-only intake valve and intake port are provided. In the case of a 6-cycle gasoline engine, an air-only intake valve and intake port (2
At the time of the second intake process, the intake valve and the intake port) are opened before they expand too much and become resistance to rotation, and are closed at the bottom dead center.

[0013]

When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a four-stroke engine and a six-stroke engine configured as described above, the expansion process is more effective than the compression process in the compression process. In the method of taking the stroke in which the stroke is longer than the stroke, in the intake stroke, the valve, the air port that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center,
At the time of the compression process, a process of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be performed by providing two types of valves and a vent, which are opened at the bottom dead center and closed before the top dead center.

A valve that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center during the intake process, and a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process; Due to the installation of an empty space at the end of the passage to the vent, during the next intake step, the mixture or air is reduced back into the cylinder.

Further, a four-cycle gasoline engine,
In the case of a six-cycle gasoline engine, the mixture is reduced, so that waste of fuel can be reduced.

Also, in the intake process, a valve and a vent that open at the top dead center and close at the bottom dead center, and a valve and a vent that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process. The air-fuel mixture or air flows in a certain direction due to the passage to the empty space attached to the end of the empty space.

In addition, in the case of a multi-cylinder engine, the air-fuel mixture or air can be formed without waiting for the next intake process by connecting the empty space to the empty space of the other cylinders. The process of each cylinder can be set so that air is taken in at the time of the intake process of another cylinder.

In the case of a 4-cycle diesel engine, a direct injection gasoline engine, a 6-cycle diesel engine, and a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, they open at the top dead center and close at the bottom dead center during the intake stroke. The valve, vent and empty space are no longer required. During the compression process, only the valve and vent are opened at the bottom dead center and closed before the top dead center. than,
At the time of the expansion process, it is possible to obtain a method in which the process of actually expanding is longer in terms of stroke, and the method can be obtained by substituting the exhaust valve and the exhaust port. When it's a number, it's better to connect them.

In the case of a four-cycle engine, when four or more cylinders are used, each cylinder can be subjected to a different process. Therefore, in the intake process, a valve that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center, When the mouth is opened in the intake process, then, in the other cylinder, in the compression process, the valve opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, and the valve that is open in the compression process in the vent , Due to the direct connection to the mouth, during the intake process, the air is sucked in the form of being compressed into other cylinders, and during the compression process,
A valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, when the vent opens in the compression process, then, in the other cylinder, in the intake process, a valve that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center, In the air, due to the direct connection to the valve and air opening in the intake process,
At the time of the compression step, compression is performed in such a manner as to be taken into another cylinder.

In the case of a six-cycle engine, when the number of cylinders is six or more, each cylinder can perform a different process. Therefore, in the first intake process, the cylinder opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center. When the valve and air port are opened in the first intake process, then, in the other cylinder, during the compression process, the valve opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. Due to the direct connection to valves and vents that are open in the process, during the first intake process, air is sucked in the form of being compressed by other cylinders, and during the compression process, it opens at the bottom dead center When the valve or vent closes before the top dead center opens in the compression process, then in the first intake process of another cylinder, the valve or vent opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center. In the compression process, the other cylinders are connected directly to the valves and vents that are open in the first intake process. It is compressed in a manner to be sucked.

In the compression process, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, and as a countermeasure for opening the vent too much, the expansion process uses a four-cycle diesel engine and an in-cylinder In the case of an injection gasoline engine, a 6-cycle diesel engine, and a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, the intake valve,
By opening the intake port and closing it at the bottom dead center, the ratio of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be set high, and the expansion process can be performed smoothly.

In the case of a four-stroke gasoline engine, in the case of a four-stroke gasoline engine, in the case of the expansion process, a valve which opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process, and a countermeasure when the vent is opened too much An air-only intake valve and inlet are provided. In the case of a 6-cycle gasoline engine, an air-only intake valve and inlet are
Because it opens before it expands too much and becomes resistance to rotation, and closes at the bottom dead center, the ratio of compression ratio <expansion ratio can be high, and the expansion process can be performed smoothly.

[0023]

Embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 12, in the case of using a piston valve and a rotary valve in a four-cycle engine and a six-cycle engine, the process of really expanding in the expansion process rather than the process of really compressing in the compression process. FIGS. 1 to 12 are cross-sectional views showing the arrangement of valves and vents in a method of taking a longer stroke in terms of stroke. FIGS. 1 to 12 show the case where a piston valve is used in a four-cycle gasoline engine. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, an exhaust valve, and a valve that opens at a top dead center and closes at a bottom dead center during an intake process;
During the compression process, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, and an intake valve dedicated to air (opens a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process) FIG. 9 is a view showing that an air-only intake valve (opened at the bottom dead center and opened at the bottom dead center) is provided as a countermeasure in the event of an over-expansion process before the air becomes too inflated and becomes rotational resistance. (Hereinafter, the valve that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center during the intake process is valve a, and the valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process is valve b. And
The intake valve dedicated to air is the valve c. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a four-stroke gasoline engine, in which three rotary valves are used and two rotary valves are used (inner die).
Into an H-shape, an intake port dedicated to the mixture, an exhaust port, a vent that opens at the top dead center in the intake process and closes at the bottom dead center, and an open top dead center at the compression process A vent that closes before the point and an air inlet dedicated to air (as a countermeasure when the vent that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center is too open during the compression process, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing that a portion with an air inlet (opening only at the bottom dead center, which is opened before it becomes excessively inflated and becomes a resistance to rotation) is provided. (Hereinafter, in the intake process, the opening that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center is the opening d. During the compression process, the opening that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center is , Air port e, and air inlet port is air port f.) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view when a piston valve is used in a 4-cycle diesel engine, and also serves as an intake valve and a valve c. It is a figure which shows that the intake valve, the exhaust valve, the valve a, and the valve b were provided. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a four-cycle diesel engine, in which two rotary valves having an H-shaped cross section are used, a portion having an intake port and a vent f, and an exhaust port. It is a figure which shows that the part with a mouth d and the mouth e was provided. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view when a piston valve is used in a direct injection gasoline engine, and an intake valve serving also as an intake valve and a valve c;
FIG. 4 is a view showing that an exhaust valve, a valve a, and a valve b are provided. FIG. 6 is a transverse cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a direct injection gasoline engine, using two rotary valves having an H-shaped cross section, a portion having an intake port and a vent f, and an exhaust port. It is a figure which shows that the part with the air | mouth d and the air | mouth e was provided. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view when a piston valve is used in a six-cycle gasoline engine, and includes an intake valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture, an exhaust valve serving also as first and second exhausts, a valve a, and a valve b. , 2
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing that a valve serving as a valve and a valve c at the time of a second intake process is provided. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, in which three rotary valves are used, and two rotary valves are H-shaped,
FIG. 7 is a view showing that an inlet dedicated to an air-fuel mixture, a first outlet and a second outlet, a port d, a port e, and a portion having a second inlet and a port f are provided. is there. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle diesel engine.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing that an intake valve serving also as a valve, an exhaust valve serving also as first and second exhausts, a valve a, and a valve b are provided. FIG. 10 is a transverse cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a 6-cycle diesel engine, using two rotary valves having H-shaped cross sections, the first and second intake ports and air ports f, First and second exhaust port, vent d, vent e
It is a figure showing that a certain part was provided. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine. The intake valve also serves as the first and second intake and the valve c, and also serves as the first and second exhaust. FIG. 7 is a view showing that an exhaust valve, a valve a, and a valve b are provided. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view when a rotary valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, in which two rotary valves having H-shaped cross sections are used, and the first and second intake ports and air ports. f, the first and second exhaust ports, the air port d,
It is a figure which shows that the part with the air | mouth e was provided. It is.

Further, the valves c and c shown in FIGS.
The vent f is not required unless the valve b and the vent e are opened too much during the compression process.

And a four-cycle gasoline engine,
When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, a vaporizer is attached.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 to 24, FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 1 is viewed from the direction of section AA. FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 2 is viewed from the direction of the section BB. FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 3 is viewed from the direction of the section CC. FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 4 is viewed from the direction of the section DD. FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 5 is viewed from the direction of the section EE. FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 6 is viewed from the direction of the section FF. FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 7 is viewed from the direction of the section GG. FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 8 is viewed from the direction of the section HH. FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 9 is viewed from the direction of the section II. FIG. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 10 is viewed from the direction of section JJ. FIG. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 11 is viewed from the direction of the section KK. FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view assuming that FIG. 12 is viewed from the direction of the section LL. It is.

Also, empty spaces are attached to the valves a and b and the vents d and e shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 13, and the valves a and b and the vent d Passages to and from the empty space of the air outlet e are attached to the ends of the empty space.

The valve shown in FIGS. 1 to 24,
The number of mouths indicates only the minimum required number,
The empty space is a typical example attached to FIGS. 1, 4 and 13.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 25 to 32,
When a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, the process of expanding the process in the expansion process is longer than the process of the actual compression in the compression process. Shows the cross section GG
FIGS. 25 to 32 show the first intake process (air-fuel mixture intake process). The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the valve a are located at the top dead center. Open at the bottom dead center and close at the bottom dead center.
In addition, the valve serving as the valve and the valve c in the second intake process is closed. Fig. 26 Compression process-1 The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, the valve a, and the exhaust valve serving also as the first and second exhausts are closed, and the valve b is opened at the bottom dead center and before the top dead center. close. The valve serving as the valve and the valve c at the time of the second intake process is closed. (Shown in FIG. 26,
The valve b is assumed to be opened at the bottom dead center and closed when the piston rises by about two thirds, and is also a figure immediately before closing. FIG. 27 Compression Step-2 (Ignition) Intake valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture, valve a, exhaust valve serving also as first and second exhaust, valve b, valve in second intake step The valve also serving as the valve c is completely closed. FIG. 28 Expansion process-1 The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, the valve a, the exhaust valve serving also as the first and second exhaust, and the valve b are closed, and the valve and the valve c in the second intake process are closed. The double valve opens before the air-fuel mixture expands too much and resists rotation. (It is assumed that the valve serving as the valve and the valve c at the time of the second intake process shown in FIG. 28 opens when the piston descends by about two-thirds. FIG. 29 Expansion process-2. An intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, a valve a, an exhaust valve serving also as the first and second exhausts, and a valve b are closed. The valve serving as the valve and the valve c also closes at the bottom dead center. (The valve serving as the valve and the valve c at the time of the second intake process shown in FIG. 29 is a view immediately after the valve is closed.) FIG. 30 First exhaust process The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the valve a is closed, and the exhaust valve serving as the first and second exhaust is open. And valve b and 2
The valve serving as the valve and the valve c at the time of the second intake process is closed. FIG. 31 Second intake process (air intake process) An intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, a valve a, an exhaust valve serving also as the first and second exhaust, and a valve b are closed, and the second intake process is performed. The valve serving as the time valve and the valve c is open. FIG. 32 Second Exhaust Step The intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the valve a are closed, and the exhaust valves serving as the first and second exhausts are open. And valve b and 2
The valve serving as the valve and the valve c at the time of the second intake process is closed. FIG.

In addition, when a rotary valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, the process of really expanding in the expansion process is longer than the process of really compressing in the compression process in terms of stroke. A vertical cross-sectional view showing the steps of the method, which is assumed to be viewed from the direction of the cross section HH, is not drawn, but when a piston valve is used,
Since the process using the rotary valve is the same, it is omitted here.

Then, for a 4-cycle gasoline engine,
In the case of using a piston valve and a rotary valve, the process of expanding the process of expanding in the expansion process is longer than the process of truly compressing in the compression process. , Section A-A, section B
Although the vertical sectional view, which is assumed to be viewed from the direction of −B, is not drawn, the second intake process and the exhaust process are omitted, and the names of the valves and the vents are changed to the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture or the air-fuel mixture. Exclusive inlet, exhaust valve or exhaust, valve a or air d
, Valve b, or air port e, and valve c, or air port f, a diagram of each process can be drawn.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 33 to 40,
When using a piston valve in an in-cylinder 6-cycle gasoline engine, the process of really expanding in the expansion process is longer than the process of really compressing in the compression process. It is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process at the time, assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the section KK,
FIG. 33 to FIG. 40 show FIG. 33. First intake process The first and second intakes and the intake valve serving also as valve c are opened.
The exhaust valve serving as the second and the second exhaust is closed. And valve a is open and valve b is closed. FIG. 34: Compression process-1 First and second intake and exhaust valves that also serve as valve c, first and second exhaust valves that also serve as exhaust, valve a closed, valve b closed
Opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. (FIG. 34
Is a diagram that assumes that the valve b opens at the bottom dead center and closes when the piston rises by about half, and is also a diagram immediately before closing. FIG. 35 Compression Step-2 (Fuel Injection / Ignition) First and second intake and exhaust valves that also serve as valve c, first and second exhaust valves that also serve as exhaust, valve a, and valve b Is all closed. Fig. 36 Expansion process-1 The intake valve serving as the valve c and the first and second intakes is opened before it expands excessively and becomes a resistance to rotation. And the first and two
The exhaust valve also serving as the second exhaust, the valve a, and the valve b are closed. (First and second intake and valve c shown in FIG. 36)
The intake valve also serves as a diagram, assuming that the piston opens when the piston descends by about three quarters, and is also a diagram immediately after opening. FIG. 37 Expansion Step-2 The intake valve serving as the first intake and the second intake and the valve c is closed at the bottom dead center. Then, the exhaust valve serving as the first and second exhaust, the valve a, and the valve b are also closed. (The intake valve serving as the first and second intakes and the valve c shown in FIG. 37 is a view immediately after being closed.) FIG. 38 First Exhaust Process First and Second Intakes and the Valve c The intake valve that also serves as
The exhaust valve that serves as the second and the second exhaust is open. And the valve a and the valve b are closed. FIG. 39 Second intake process The first and second intakes and the intake valve serving as valve c are opened.
The exhaust valve serving as the second and the second exhaust, the valve a, and the valve b are closed. FIG. 40 Second exhaust process First and second intakes and the intake valve serving also as valve c are closed.
The exhaust valve that serves as the second and the second exhaust is open. And the valve a and the valve b are closed. FIG.

When a rotary valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, a compression process is performed.
A longitudinal cross-sectional view assuming that it is viewed from the direction of a cross section LL, showing a step of a method of taking a longer time in a case of a method of actually expanding in a case of an expansion step than in a step of actually compressing. Are not drawn, but the steps when using a piston valve and when using a rotary valve are the same, and are omitted here.

When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a direct injection gasoline engine, the compression process is more effective in the expansion process than in the compression process.
Cross-section EE, cross-section FF shows the process of the method of taking the process of really expanding, if it is a stroke, longer.
Although a vertical cross-sectional view is also not drawn, assuming that it was viewed from the direction of, the second intake step and the exhaust step are omitted, and the names of the valve and the vent are changed to the intake valve serving as the intake valve and the valve c, or If each part is changed to a part having an intake port and an air port f, an exhaust valve or an exhaust port, a valve a or an air port d, a valve b or an air port e, a diagram of each process can be drawn.

Further, a 4-cycle diesel engine,
When using a piston valve and a rotary valve in a 6-cycle diesel engine, in the compression process, the process of really expanding in the expansion process is longer than the process of really compressing, in terms of stroke. Although the vertical cross-sectional view is not drawn, assuming that it is viewed from the directions of the cross-section CC, the cross-section DD, the cross-section II, and the cross-section JJ, the in-cylinder injection gasoline engine, If a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, the process of really expanding in the expansion process is better than the process of really compressing in the compression process. If the plug is omitted from the vertical sectional view showing the steps in the long method, the respective steps can be drawn.

The valve timing of the piston valve shown in FIGS.
It is not included because it differs depending on the increase / decrease of the rotation speed and the compression ratio.

The reason that the valve timing is not included is also to facilitate the description of the process.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 41, the multi-cylinder (2
At the time of more than one cylinder), the air-fuel mixture or air can be generated without waiting for the next intake process by connecting the empty space in each cylinder to the empty space in the other cylinders. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing that the process of each cylinder can be assembled so that air is taken in at the time of the intake process of another cylinder.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view when a piston valve is used in a cycle gasoline engine.

In the case of a multi-cylinder engine of another engine, the empty space in each cylinder is defined as one empty space in the other cylinder.
A connected figure can be drawn, but the operation is the same, so it is omitted here.

FIG. 41 is also a view assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the section MM. The passages of the valves a and b to and from the empty space are the ends of the empty space. And attached to the end.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 42, in the case of a four-stroke engine, when the number of cylinders is four or more, different processes can be performed for each cylinder. When the valve or vent that closes at the point opens in the intake process, then, in the other cylinder, during the compression process, the valve opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. Due to the direct connection to the valves and vents that are open in the process,
Or, at the time of the intake process, the air is taken in such a form that the valve opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center, the air port is compressed into another cylinder,
At the time of the compression process, the valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, is a diagram showing that the air is compressed in a form that is taken into another cylinder, and as a representative example, the cross section FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view when a piston valve is used in an in-line four-cylinder, four-cycle diesel engine, assuming that the piston valve is viewed from the direction of NN.

Also, a diagram of four cylinders of another four-stroke engine can be drawn, but since the operation is the same, it is omitted here.

Although a diagram of a four-stroke engine satisfying the above conditions and having five or more cylinders can be drawn, the two types of valves and vents are related to two or more cylinders, and the operation is difficult to understand. Omit it.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 43, in the case of a six-stroke engine, when the number of cylinders is six or more, a different process can be performed for each cylinder.
When the valve and vent open at the top dead center and close at the bottom dead center, open at the first intake stroke, then at the compression stroke of other cylinders, open at the bottom dead center and before the top dead center. The air-fuel mixture or air opens at the top dead center during the first intake process, and falls to the bottom, due to the direct connection to the valve and the opening that is open in the compression process in the closing valve and the mouth. A valve that closes at a point, air is sucked into the other port in the form of compression to another cylinder, and during the compression process, the valve opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, and then closes to another cylinder. It is a figure showing that it is compressed in the form in which it is taken in. As a representative example, it is assumed that the series type
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view when a piston valve is used in a cylinder and in-cylinder 6-cycle injection gasoline engine.

Although a drawing of a six-cylinder engine of another six-stroke engine can be drawn, its operation is the same, so that it is omitted here.

Although a diagram of seven or more cylinders of a six-cycle engine satisfying the above conditions can be drawn, the two types of valves and air ports are related to two or more cylinders, making it difficult to understand the operation. Omit it.

[0047]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 4-cycle engine and a 6-cycle engine,
At the time of the intake process (the first intake process in the case of a 6-cycle engine), the valve and air port that open at the top dead center and close at the bottom dead center are:
At the time of the compression process, by providing two types of valves and vents that open at the bottom dead center and close before the top dead center,
In the compression step, it is possible to obtain a method in which, in terms of stroke, the length of the step of truly expanding in the expansion step is longer than the step of truly expanding in the expansion step. Therefore, the compression ratio is smaller than the expansion ratio. Compared to using a piston valve or a rotary valve in a 4-cycle engine or a 6-cycle engine, the same amount of fuel is consumed, but the energy (power torque) generated by the explosion is sufficient or small. Many can be transmitted to pistons and crankshafts.

Then, at the end of the above two types of valves and vents,
Due to the installation of an empty space (where the air / fuel mixture temporarily stops), during the compression process, the air / air mixture is compressed and enters the empty space. Is reduced in the cylinder during the intake process.

In particular, a four-stroke gasoline engine,
When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a cycle gasoline engine, the air-fuel mixture is returned to the cylinder, so that fuel is not wasted.

Also, a four-cycle diesel engine,
In the case of using a piston valve and a rotary valve in a direct injection gasoline engine, a 6 cycle diesel engine, and a direct injection 6 cycle gasoline engine,
At the time of the intake process, there is no need for a valve, vent, and space with nothing open at the top dead center and closed at the bottom dead center.
If the stroke is the stroke of the valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, the process that really expands during the expansion process rather than the process that really compresses during the compression process, using only the air vent A longer method can be obtained, or the exhaust valve and the exhaust port can be used instead. However, it is better to use one for the explanation items 0055 and 0057.

Further, the valve a and the valve b, or the vent d and the vent e
The air-fuel mixture or air flows in a certain direction due to the passage to the empty space at the end of the empty space, and a smooth flow of the air-fuel mixture or air is obtained. Can be

Then, in the case of a multi-cylinder system, by connecting the empty space to the empty space of the other cylinders into one, the air-fuel mixture or the air can be obtained without waiting for the next intake process. The process of each cylinder is set so that it is taken in at the time of the intake process of the other cylinders, so that if the explosion speed is the same, the air-fuel mixture or the stagnation time in a space where there is no air, Can be shortened,
Or, depending on the number of cylinders, it is possible to eliminate the empty space.

In addition, there is no empty space in each cylinder compared to the space provided in each cylinder.
The stagnation time in the air-fuel-free or air-free space can be reduced or eliminated depending on the number of cylinders, so that it can be further reduced or the valve a of each cylinder can be reduced.
And the valve b, or the air port d and the air port e can be completed only with a connecting element.

Further, in the case of a 4-cycle engine, 4
When the number of cylinders or more, the valve a or the port d is opened in the intake process, then, in the valve b or the port e of another cylinder, the valve b, which is open in the compression process, Or, due to the direct connection to the air port e, during the intake process, the air-fuel mixture or the air is supplied to the valve a or the air port d to another cylinder, the valve b, or
The air is sucked in a compressed form in the air port e, and in the compression process, the valve b or the air port e is connected to the valve a or the air port d of another cylinder.
Since the air is compressed in such a manner as to be sucked into the air, the resistance in the air intake process and the compression process is reduced.

Further, since there is no need for an empty space, and the mixture or air flows in a certain direction, a smoother process can be performed.

In the case of a 6-cycle engine, 6
At the time of the cylinder or more, when the valve a or the port d is opened in the first intake step, at that time, in the valve b or the port e of the other cylinder, it is opened in the compression step. Due to the direct connection to the valve b or the air port e, at the time of the first intake process, the air-fuel mixture or the air is supplied to the valve a or the air port d to the other cylinder, the valve b, or , Is sucked in a compressed form in the port e, and in the compression process, the valve b or the valve a of another cylinder is connected to the port e,
Alternatively, since the air is compressed in such a manner that the air is sucked into the air port d, the resistance in the first air intake process and the compression process is reduced.

Further, since there is no need for an empty space, and the air-fuel mixture or the air flows in a certain direction, a smoother process can be performed.

In the compression step, the valve b or the air port e
As a countermeasure against excessive opening, in the case of the expansion process, in the case of a four-cycle diesel engine, a direct injection gasoline engine, a six-cycle diesel engine, and a direct injection six-cycle gasoline engine, excessive expansion and rotation Before the resistance, the intake valve and the intake port are opened and closed at the bottom dead center, so that the ratio of compression ratio <expansion ratio is increased, and the expansion process can be performed smoothly.

At the time of the compression step, the valve b or the air port e
As a countermeasure when the valve is opened too much, in the expansion process, in the case of a 4-cycle gasoline engine and a 6-cycle gasoline engine, by using the valve c and the air port f, the ratio of compression ratio <expansion ratio is further increased. In addition, the expansion process can be performed smoothly.

Further, the fact that the ratio of the ratio of compression ratio <expansion ratio is further increased means that the exhaust gas is further thinned due to air, and the exhaust process (in the case of a six-cycle engine, When the process shifts from the second exhaust process to the intake process (first intake process in the case of a 6-cycle engine), the proportion of exhaust gas remaining in the cylinder decreases, resulting in complete combustion in the next explosion Or approaching complete combustion leads to low pollution.

Further, even with the same engine explosion speed,
At a high load, the valve b or the port e is closed early, at a low load, the valve b or the port e is closed late, and
By using the valve c or the air port f, energy extraction and fuel consumption suitable for the situation can be performed.

If the valve or air port is moved as described above, the actual compression ratio also changes.
The purpose of the engine when the rotary valve is used, the number of revolutions, the method of changing the compression ratio when the number of revolutions rises and falls, and the type of the device (1995 Patent Application No. 109930)
No.), a real compression ratio suitable for the situation can be obtained.

When a piston valve or a rotary valve is used in a four-cycle gasoline engine or a six-cycle gasoline engine, as an alternative to the action of closing the valve or vent early, closing it late, or not opening it. By using a passage dedicated to an air-fuel mixture, a passage from an empty space, a passage dedicated to air, and a type of the opening / closing device (Japanese Patent Application No. 97346), Approaches the action of closing or opening slowly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a four-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an arrangement of a rotary valve when the rotary valve is used in a four-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a four-cycle diesel engine.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an arrangement of a rotary valve when the rotary valve is used in a four-cycle diesel engine.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a direct injection gasoline engine.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the arrangement of the rotary valve when the rotary valve is used in the direct injection gasoline engine.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the arrangement of the rotary valve when the rotary valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle diesel engine.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of the rotary valves when the rotary valves are used in a 6-cycle diesel engine.

FIG. 11 shows an example of valve arrangement when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine.
FIG.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the arrangement of the rotary valve when the rotary valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine.

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the embodiment assuming that FIG. 1 is viewed from the direction of the section AA.

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 2 is viewed from the direction of the section BB.

FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 3 is viewed from the direction of the section CC.

FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the embodiment assuming that FIG. 4 is viewed from the direction of the section DD.

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 5 is viewed from the direction of the section EE.

FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 6 is viewed from the direction of the section FF.

FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 7 is viewed from the direction of the section GG.

FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 8 is viewed from the direction of the section HH.

FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 9 is viewed from the direction of the section II.

FIG. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 10 is viewed from the direction of the section JJ.

FIG. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 11 is viewed from the direction of the section KK.

FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example assuming that FIG. 12 is viewed from the direction of the section LL.

FIG. 25 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section GG. [First intake process (air-fuel mixture intake process)]

FIG. 26 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section GG. (Compression process-1)

FIG. 27 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section GG. [Compression process-2 (ignition)]

FIG. 28 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section GG. [Expansion process-1 (combustion)]

FIG. 29 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the section GG. (Expansion step-2)

FIG. 30 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section GG. (First exhaust process)

FIG. 31 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section GG. [Second intake process (air intake process)]

FIG. 32 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section GG. (2nd exhaust process)

FIG. 33 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the section KK. (First intake process)

FIG. 34 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the section KK. (Compression process-
1)

FIG. 35 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section KK. [Compression process-
2 (fuel injection / ignition)]

FIG. 36 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section KK. (Expansion process-
1 (combustion)]

FIG. 37 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section KK. (Expansion process-
2)

FIG. 38 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of section KK. (First exhaust process)

FIG. 39 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the section KK. (Second intake process)

FIG. 40 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process when a piston valve is used in a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston valve is seen from the direction of the section KK. (2nd exhaust process)

FIG. 41 shows a related embodiment of valves a and b of each cylinder when a piston valve is used in an in-line two-cylinder, four-stroke gasoline engine, assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the section MM. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

FIG. 42 shows a related embodiment of the valves a and b of each cylinder when a piston valve is used in an in-line four-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine, assuming that it is viewed from the direction of the cross section NN. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

FIG. 43 is a view showing a related example of valves a and b of each cylinder when a piston valve is used in an in-line six-cylinder, in-cylinder in-cylinder six-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that the piston is viewed from a direction of a cross section OO FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Intake valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture 2 Exhaust valve 3 Valve that opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center during intake process (valve a) 4 During compression process opens at bottom dead center and before just before top dead center Close valve (valve b) 5 In the compression process, as a measure against opening the valve (valve b) that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center too much, in the expansion process, it expands too much and rotates. Open before closing, and close at bottom dead center, air-only intake valve (valve c) 6 plug 7 carburetor 8 intake pipe 9 exhaust pipe 10 air-only intake pipe 11 empty space (mixture or , Where air temporarily stagnates) 12 The cross section (inner mold) is H-shaped, and the rotary valve 13 section (inner mold) is provided with a portion having an intake port dedicated to air-fuel mixture and a portion having an exhaust port. , H-shaped, and at the time of the intake process, a portion having a vent (port d) closed at the top dead center and closed at the bottom dead center; A rotary valve provided with a portion having a vent (vent e) that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. 14 During the compression process, the rotary valve opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. As a countermeasure when the air port (air port e) is opened too much, at the time of the expansion process, it opens before it expands too much and becomes a resistance to rotation,
A rotary valve provided with a portion with an air inlet (air port f) that closes at the bottom dead center. 15 A passage from an empty space (opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center during the suction process). Passage to empty space from empty space 16 Passage to empty space (to open space from vent opening at bottom dead center and closing just before top dead center during compression process) 17) A valve that also serves as an intake valve and valve c 18 A fuel injector 19 A passage from a space with nothing (from a space with nothing to a valve that opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center during the intake process) 20) Passage to empty space (passage to empty space from valve that opens at bottom dead center and closes before top dead center during compression process) 21 Cross section (inner shape) , H type, and a rotary valve 22 provided with a portion having an intake port and a vent f and a portion having an exhaust port. Intake valve (valve for the first intake process) 23 Exhaust valve serving as both first and second exhaust 24 Valve for second intake process (intake valve dedicated to air)
The cross section (inner mold) of the valve 25 is also H-shaped, and a portion having an intake port dedicated to the mixture (the intake port at the time of the first intake step) and 1
A rotary valve 26 provided with a portion having the second and second exhaust ports, and a rotary valve 27 1 provided with a portion having an air inlet (a dedicated air inlet) at the time of the second suction process and a portion having an air port f. The cross section (inner mold) of the intake valve 28 which also serves as the valve c and the first and second intakes is H-shaped, and the first and second portions having the intake port and the air port f, and the first and second intakes Rotary valve 29 Piston 30 Inlet valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture, Exhaust valve 31 Valve a and Valve b 32 Intake port dedicated to air-fuel mixture 33 Exhaust port of rotary valve Rotary valve 29 Piston 30 The opening of the valve at the top dead center during the intake process and closing at the bottom dead center (port d) 35 The opening of the rotary valve at the bottom dead center during the compression process and closing between the positions before the top dead center. Mouth (breath e) 36 of rotary valve, As a countermeasure when the air vent (air vent e) that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process is too open, during the expansion process, before the air expands too much and becomes a resistance to rotation. , Closed at bottom dead center, air dedicated air inlet (air port f) 37 Rotational direction of rotary valve 38 Valve serving as intake valve and valve c, and exhaust valve 39 Intake port of rotary valve 40 Plug and fuel Injector 41 Intake valve dedicated to air-fuel mixture (valve for first intake step) and exhaust valve serving as first and second exhausts 42 Intake valve dedicated to air (valve for second intake step) )
43 The intake port dedicated to the air-fuel mixture of the rotary valve (the intake port at the time of the first intake process) 44 The first exhaust port of the rotary valve 45 The second exhaust of the rotary valve Mouth 46 The first and second intakes and an intake valve that also serves as valve c,
Exhaust valve that also serves as first and second exhausts 47 Inlet of rotary valve for air only (inlet for second intake process) 48 First inlet of rotary valve 49 First of rotary valve 2 The first intake port 50 The air-fuel mixture intake process is completed 51 The expansion process is completed 52 The intake process is completed 53 The compression process is completed 54 The exhaust process is completed 55 The passage connecting the valve a and the valve b 56 The first intake process is completed 57 The second intake process is completed 58 First exhaust step completed 59 Second exhaust step completed AA cross section BB cross section CC cross section DD cross section EE cross section FF cross section GG cross section HH cross section II cross section JJ cross section KK cross section LL cross section MM cross section NN cross section OO cross section

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI F02B 29/08 F02B 29/08 DE F02D 13/02 F02D 13/02 L (54) [Title of the Invention] 4-cycle engine, 6 When using a piston valve or rotary valve in a cycle engine, the process of actually expanding during the expansion process is longer than the process of truly compressing during the compression process. .

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A four-stroke engine (gasoline engine, diesel engine, and direct injection gasoline engine),
6-cycle engine (gasoline engine and diesel engine (1990 Patent Application No. 417964) and in-cylinder injection 6-cycle gasoline engine (1996 Patent Application 172
No. 736)], when a piston valve and a rotary valve (1991 Patent Application No. 356145) are used, when the intake process (the first intake process in the case of a 6-cycle engine) is opened at the top dead center. A valve that closes at the dead center (piston valve), a vent (rotary valve), and a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center during the compression process.
And two types of valves and vents are provided. 2. The valve according to claim 1, which is opened at a top dead center and closed at a bottom dead center during an intake process, and between a valve and an air port opened at a bottom dead center and just before the top dead center during a compression process. Closed valve, empty space in front of vent (air-fuel mixture or place where air temporarily stagnates),
Attach. 3. A valve and a vent according to claim 1 and 2, which open at a top dead center and close at a bottom dead center during an intake process, and open at a bottom dead center during a compression process. Attach a valve that closes between you, a vent, a passage to (from) the empty space, at the end and end of the empty space. 4. In the case of a multi-cylinder, the empty space according to claim 2 is connected to the empty space of another cylinder as one. 5. In the case of a four-stroke engine, when the number of cylinders is four or more, in the intake stroke, the valve opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center. In the compression process, the valve is opened at the bottom dead center and closed before the top dead center, and is directly connected to the valve and the opening that are opened in the compression process. 6. In the case of a six-stroke engine, when the number of cylinders is six or more, a valve that opens at the top dead center and closes at the bottom dead center in the first intake stroke, and a vent opens in the first intake stroke. At that time, in the compression process of other cylinders, the valve opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center. . 7. In the compression step, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center, as a countermeasure when the vent is opened too much,
At the time of the expansion process, in the case of a 4-cycle diesel engine, a direct injection gasoline engine, a 6-cycle diesel engine, and a direct injection 6-cycle gasoline engine,
Before the valve expands too much and becomes rotational resistance, the intake valve and intake port are opened and closed at the bottom dead center. 8. In the compression step, a valve that opens at the bottom dead center and closes before the top dead center,
During the expansion process, in the case of a 4-cycle gasoline engine,
A dedicated air intake valve and intake port are provided. In the case of a 6-cycle gasoline engine, the exclusive air intake valve and intake port (the intake valve and intake port at the time of the second intake process) are excessively expanded and rotated. Open before reaching resistance and close at bottom dead center.