JP2002138866A - Method for adopting real expansion ratio larger than real compression ratio when using piston valve or rotary valve for 4-cycle, 6-cycle, 8-cycle, or 10 or more- cycle engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for adopting a real expansion ratio larger than a real compression ratio when using a piston valve (reciprocating valve) or a rotary valve (rotary valve) for a 4-cycle, 6-cycle, 8-cycle, or 10 or more-cycle engine. SOLUTION: A valve (piston valve) or a blow hole (rotary valve), when opened at a bottom dead center during a compression stroke, followed by the expansion of a mixture or an air with explosion (combustion) during an expansion stroke, to be closed before too much expansion resulting in rotating resistance (the piston is lowered to make an air pressure 1 or less and form resistance to the rotation of a crank shaft), is provided to permit the mixture or the air entering the valve or the blow hole to be returned to a mixture suction pipe or an air suction pipe, respectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a four-stroke engine (a four-stroke gasoline engine, a four-stroke diesel engine, and a direct injection four-stroke gasoline engine), a six-stroke engine (a diesel engine and a gasoline engine). 6-cycle engine (Heisei 2
Patent Application No. 417964). ] And [6-cycle diesel engine (1996 patent application No. 140582).
issue). ] And [6-cycle gasoline engine (1996 Patent Application No. 151453). ] And [In-cylinder 6-cycle gasoline engine (1996 Patent Application No. 172736)
issue). ]. {8-cycle engine} [8-cycle diesel engine (1997 patent application No. 91265). ]
[In-cylinder injection 8-cycle gasoline engine (1997 patent application No. 129090). ] And [8-cycle gasoline engine (1997 Patent Application No. 184308).
issue). ].エ ン ジ ン Engines of 10 cycles or more [engines of 10 cycles or more of a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, and a direct injection gasoline engine (Patent Application No. 274908 of 1997). ], A piston valve (reciprocating valve), a rotary valve, and a rotary valve [a rotary valve used in a four-cycle engine or a six-cycle engine, which replaces the piston valve (Japanese Patent Application No. 356/1991).
No. 145). ] And [Rotary valves (Heisei 8
Patent Application No. 179726). ]. When using｝,
It relates to a method of taking a real expansion ratio larger than a real compression ratio.

[0002] The present invention also relates to a destination of an air-fuel mixture or air generated when a real expansion ratio is made larger than a real compression ratio.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 4-cycle engine, a 6-cycle engine, an 8-cycle engine, and an engine having 10 or more cycles, a compression ratio = expansion ratio is theoretically obtained. Was.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Conventional four-stroke engines, six-stroke engines, eight-stroke engines,
In the case of using a piston valve or a rotary valve for an engine with zero or more cycles (actually, the timing differs depending on the valve timing, etc.), the compression ratio = expansion ratio. ), The energy (power, torque) generated by the piston and
There was a problem in that the gas was transferred to the exhaust process without being transmitted to the crankshaft, and the energy generated by the explosion was discharged.

According to the present invention, when a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 4-cycle engine, a 6-cycle engine, an 8-cycle engine, and an engine having 10 or more cycles, the true expansion ratio is more than the true compression ratio. The purpose is to obtain a large-capacity method, and further to obtain the destination of an air-fuel mixture or air generated when the method is used.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a four-stroke engine, a six-stroke engine, an eight-stroke engine, and an engine having ten or more cycles according to the present invention employ a piston valve and a rotary valve. In the method that takes the real expansion ratio larger than the real compression ratio, the valve opens at the bottom dead center during the compression process, and the air-fuel mixture or air expands due to the explosion during the expansion process. Provide a valve (piston valve) and air port (rotary valve) that close before the rotation becomes too resistive (atmospheric pressure becomes 1 or less).

The air-fuel mixture or air that has entered the above-mentioned valve and air port is returned to the intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and the air is returned to the intake pipe (the air may be exhausted as it is).

[0008]

The four-stroke engine constructed as described above,
In a method that takes a real expansion ratio larger than a real compression ratio when a piston valve or a rotary valve is used for a 6-cycle engine, an 8-cycle engine, and an engine of 10 cycles or more, in the compression process, A valve that opens at bottom dead center and closes during the expansion process before the air-fuel mixture or air expands too much due to the explosion and becomes resistant to rotation;
By providing a vent, a process where the true compression ratio <expansion ratio can be performed.

In addition, the air-fuel mixture or air entering the valve or the air port is returned to the intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and the air is returned to the intake pipe. Or, the force by which air is pushed out of the cylinder can be changed during the intake process, albeit slightly, into part of the mixture or air pushing force into the cylinder.

In particular, in the case of a gasoline engine, the fuel-air mixture is reduced, so that fuel is not wasted.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to the drawings, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, when a piston valve is used in a 4-cycle gasoline engine, the actual expansion ratio is larger than the actual compression ratio. It is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of the valve and the plug at the time of the taking method.The point is that the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the air-fuel mixture open at the bottom dead center in the compression process and the air-fuel mixture in the expansion process FIG. 3 illustrates the arrangement of a valve, an exhaust valve, and a plug that closes before becoming too resistant to rotate due to an explosion.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, FIG.
Vertical section showing the process of taking the real expansion ratio larger than the real compression ratio when using a piston valve in a four-cycle gasoline engine, assuming that it was viewed vertically from the side. FIG. 2 to FIG. 6 show the intake process of the mixture. The intake valve dedicated to the mixture is opened at the top dead center and closed at the bottom dead center. At this time, the valve that closes before the air-fuel mixture expands too much due to the explosion and becomes a resistance to rotation, and the exhaust valve are closed (hereinafter, the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture is the valve a, During the compression process, open at the bottom dead center,
During the expansion process, the valve that closes before the air-fuel mixture expands too much due to the explosion and becomes resistance to rotation is valve b, and the exhaust valve is valve c. ). Fig. 3 Compression step-1 Valve a is closed, valve b is closed when the piston rises one third from bottom dead center, and valve c is closed. (Valve b shown in FIG. 3 is a view immediately before closing.) FIG. 4 Compression step-2 (ignition) Valve a, valve b, and valve c are closed. FIG. 5 Expansion process (combustion) Valve a, valve b, and valve c are closed. FIG. 6 Exhaust Process Valves a and b are closed, and valve c is opened at the bottom dead center and closed at the top dead center. It is.

The numbers of valves and plugs shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 are the minimum required numbers.
Timing is not included to facilitate understanding of the movement of each valve in each step, and each step is a diagram immediately before completion.

Further, when each valve is open, it is a view immediately before closing, and the figure of the process immediately before each open valve is:
It is a figure just before opening.

Then, a 6-cycle gasoline engine, 8
Although the drawings of the steps of a cycle gasoline engine and a gasoline engine of 10 cycles or more are not drawn, the drawings of each step can be drawn by using an intake valve dedicated to air.

Although a drawing of the above-mentioned engine when a rotary valve is used is not shown, the rotary valve is replaced with an H type [a piston valve used in a four-cycle engine or a six-cycle engine instead of a piston valve. Rotary valve (1991 Patent Application No. 356145). 〕When,
[Method of intake and exhaust of a rotary valve used in a 4-cycle engine and a 6-cycle engine (Japanese Patent Application No. 218116). ] And [Rotary valve (instead of reciprocating valve, 1996 patent application No. 179726)]. ]. ｝ Then, if each vent is provided, a diagram of the process of each engine can be drawn.

Further, when a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a diesel engine, a direct injection gasoline engine, a 4-cycle engine, a 6-cycle engine, an 8-cycle engine, and an engine having 10 cycles or more, the above-described process is performed. Although the figure is not drawn, if the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture and the intake port dedicated to the air-fuel mixture are just intake valves and intake ports, and the plug is a fuel injector or a plug and a fuel injector, , And drawing of each process.

In short, all engines open at the bottom dead center during the compression process, and the air-fuel mixture or air
A valve or vent that closes before it becomes too resistive to rotate due to an explosion.

Further, the air-fuel mixture entering the valve b shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is returned to an intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture.
Also, the arrangement of valves and plugs has nothing to do with this patent.

In the compression process of another engine,
A valve that opens at bottom dead center and closes during the expansion process before the air-fuel mixture or air expands too much to resist rotation, the air-fuel mixture or air is also dedicated to the air-fuel mixture It is better to return to the intake pipe or the intake pipe.

[0021]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

When a piston valve and a rotary valve are used in a 4-cycle engine, a 6-cycle engine, an 8-cycle engine, and an engine having 10 cycles or more,
Due to the provision of valves and vents that open at the bottom dead center during the compression process and close before the air-fuel mixture or air expands too much due to the explosion and becomes rotational resistance during the expansion process, A process where the true compression ratio <expansion ratio can be performed.

In addition, the fact that the process where the compression ratio <the expansion ratio can be performed means that the same amount of fuel is consumed, and the energy (power, power,
Torque) can be transmitted to the piston and crankshaft, a little more than in conventional engines.

[0024] In addition, being able to transmit as much energy as possible from the explosion to the piston and the crankshaft leads to effective utilization of energy.

The fact that the energy is effectively used also leads to resource saving and energy saving.

Further, a valve or vent that opens at the bottom dead center during the compression process and closes before the air-fuel mixture or air expands excessively due to the explosion and becomes rotationally resistant during the expansion process. The air-fuel mixture or air that has entered is returned to the air-intake pipe or air-intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, so that the air-fuel mixture or air is forced out of the cylinder during the compression process. During the intake process (in the case of a gasoline engine, the air-fuel mixture intake process; in the case of a diesel engine and in-cylinder injection gasoline engine, when the number of valves and ports is minimized, the next intake process) The mixture, or air, can be converted into part of the force pushing into the cylinder.

Also, during the compression step, the force of the mixture or air being pushed out of the cylinder is equal to the force of pushing the mixture or the air into the cylinder during the suction step. Being a department leads to energy savings.

Particularly, in the case of a gasoline engine, the air-fuel mixture is returned to the intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, so that fuel is not wasted and resources are saved.

Further, by using the above-mentioned engine, the same type (four-cycle gasoline engine, four-cycle gasoline engine, four-cycle gasoline engine, and in-cylinder eight-cycle gasoline engine, Even an internal-injection 8-cycle gasoline engine) has low emission of gas (exhaust gas) after a real explosion, which leads to low pollution.

A valve or vent that opens at the bottom dead center during the compression process and closes before the air-fuel mixture or air expands excessively due to the explosion and becomes rotationally resistant during the expansion process. By adjusting the size of the valve, at the time of low rotation, the valve, mouth,
The air-fuel mixture or air is exhausted, and at high rotations, the air-fuel mixture or air cannot be attached to the exhaust of the valve and the port, so that low rotation, high rotation and compression The actual amount of air-fuel mixture or air in the cylinder at the time of the process changes, and an engine that emphasizes combustion efficiency at low rotation speed and power and torque at high rotation speed can be used. (During the compression process, open at bottom dead center, and during the expansion process, the size of the valve or vent that closes before the air-fuel mixture or air expands too much due to the explosion and becomes rotational resistance. To adjust is to
It is to be smaller than the size of the intake valve dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, the intake port exclusive to the air-fuel mixture, or the size of the intake valve and the intake port. At low rpm:
1, It is good to make 1: 2 at high rotation, it is good to change the valve lift amount between low rotation and high rotation, and it is also good to change the opening / closing timing of the vent. )

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a valve and plug arrangement when a piston valve is used in a four-stroke gasoline engine and a real expansion ratio is set to be larger than a real compression ratio. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the step of FIG. 1; (Air mixture intake process)

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing the step of FIG. 1; (Compression process-1)

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view showing the step of FIG. 1; [Compression process-2 (ignition)]

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the step of FIG. 1; [Expansion process (combustion)]

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing the step of FIG. 1; (Exhaust process)

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Intake valve (valve a) dedicated to air-fuel mixture 2 Open at bottom dead center during compression process, air-fuel mixture expands too much due to explosion during expansion process and becomes rotational resistance (atmospheric pressure is 1 The valve that closes before (valve b) 3 Exhaust valve (valve c) 4 Plug 5 Vaporizer 6 Intake pipe dedicated to air-fuel mixture 7 Passage connecting valve b to intake pipe dedicated to air-fuel mixture 8 Exhaust pipe 9 Piston 10 Valve b and valve c

Continued on the front page (54) [Title of Invention] When a 4-stroke engine, a 6-stroke engine, an 8-stroke engine, and an engine with 10 or more cycles use a piston valve or a rotary valve, the actual compression ratio is more than the actual compression ratio. A method to increase the expansion ratio.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A four-cycle engine (a four-cycle gasoline engine, a four-cycle diesel engine, and a direct injection four-cycle gasoline engine), a six-cycle engine (a diesel engine and a gasoline engine,
6-cycle engine (1990 patent application No. 417964)
issue). ] And [6-cycle diesel engine (Heisei 8
Patent Application No. 140582). ] And [6-cycle gasoline engine (1996 Patent Application No. 151453). ]
[In-cylinder injection 6-cycle gasoline engine (1996 Patent Application No. 172736). ]. {8-cycle engine} [8-cycle diesel engine (1997 patent application No. 91265). ] And [In-cylinder injection 8-cycle gasoline engine (1997 Patent Application No. 129090). ]
[8 cycle gasoline engine (1997 patent application No. 184308). ].エ ン ジ ン Engines of 10 cycles or more [engines of 10 cycles or more of a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, and a direct injection gasoline engine (Patent Application No. 274908 of 1997). ], A piston valve, a rotary valve ｛[used in four-stroke engines and six-stroke engines,
Rotary valve (1991 Patent Application No. 356145)
issue). ] And [Rotary valve (instead of reciprocating valve, 1996 patent application No. 179726)]. ]. When using｝, open at the bottom dead center during the compression process, and during the expansion process,
The air expands too much due to the explosion (combustion).
It becomes below. ) Provide a valve (piston valve) and air vent (rotary valve) to close before resistance to rotation. 2. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the air-fuel mixture or air entering the air port is returned to the air-intake pipe dedicated to the air-fuel mixture, and the air is returned to the air-intake pipe. May be.)