JPS60153431A - Energy-saving engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make improvements in engine efficiency in a simple and inexpensive way as well as to prevent the occurrence of environmental pollution, by making both suction and exhaust valves perform their free rotation one time for as many as three turns or more in a crank. CONSTITUTION:A gear ratio of timing gears 12 and 10 between a crankshaft 4 and a cam shaft 9 is set to 1:3 or more, while a velocity ratio between the crankshaft 4 and the cam shaft 9 is set to 1:3 or more, and a base circle of the profile of a cam 11 is to be properly commensurate to the velocity ratio in design. With this constitution, combustion frequency decreases, and a cooling system comes compact in size whereby ignition timing betterment comes possible to be done. In addition, a blow-by phenomenon in time of an engine low speed due to an overlap and an incomplete combustion through excess combustion mat not occur, thus improvements in fuel consumption is much expected.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a reciprocating engine, and particularly to a reciprocating engine that has a high energy saving effect.

BACKGROUND ART A four-stroke cycle engine (Otto cycle engine), in which the four strokes of intake, compression, expansion, and exhaust are cycled by two revolutions of the crank, is generally used as an internal combustion engine typified by an automobile engine.

In this type of engine, in order to meet the demand for increased output, the opening and closing angles of both the intake and exhaust valves are moved forward and backward from top dead center and bottom dead center, as shown in Figure 4, and the overlap is increased.
I was trying to create v. However, with this method, when a high-speed engine is operated at low speeds, the overlap causes exhaust gas to be sucked into the cylinder, resulting in a reduction in the actual compression ratio, and the need to mix excess fuel. , there was a problem of exhaust pollution caused by incomplete combustion. Furthermore, because the number of combustions is large, the amount of heat generated is high, making it impossible to avoid an increase in the size of the cooling system and a decrease in fuel efficiency.

In order to improve this, ignition timing adjustment using the EGR method has been carried out, but there have been problems in that control is difficult and costs are high. In addition, a structure has been proposed in which a 4-cycle engine can be switched between 4 cylinders and 2 cylinders depending on the gas pressure, but this has the problem of complicating the structure and worsening drivability, so it is not necessarily practical. There wasn't.

The present invention was devised after repeated research in light of the above-mentioned circumstances, and the invention was developed after repeated research to address the above-mentioned circumstances.

Conventional internal combustion engines perform work in each stroke of the piston, such as one cycle of compression, expansion, and exhaust, or four strokes of intake, compression, expansion, and exhaust for each rotation of the engine. Change your mindset and stop working 1
It intentionally and actively incorporates more than one stroke, i.e., one cycle of power generation consists of suction, compression, expansion,
This cycle consists of exhaust and free rotation with the intake and exhaust valves closed, and is characterized in that this cycle is performed once every three or more revolutions of the crank.

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve engine efficiency and prevent pollution with a simple and inexpensive structure.

The present invention will be described below based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 to 3 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a gasoline engine, in which (1) shows a cylinder block;
(2) is a cylinder, (3) is a piston, (4) is a crankshaft connected to the piston (3) by a connecting rod, (5)
(6) is the intake valve, (6) is the exhaust valve, which is pressed by the rocker arm (8) via the spring (7). (9) is the camshaft, which has a timing gear (lO) at the end, and A cam (11) that operates the rocker arm is attached to the crankshaft (4).A timing gear (12) is attached to the crankshaft (4), and this and the timing gear (10) of the camshaft (9) are connected by a chain. (13).

In a conventional four-stroke cycle engine, the exhaust valve (6
), open the suction valve (5) and move the piston (3) back and down to suck the air-fuel mixture into the cylinder (2) (intake stroke), then both the suction valve (5) and exhaust valve (6) Close it and move the piston (3) up and forward from the bottom dead center to the top dead center to perform the compression stroke, and when the screw 3-ton (3) reaches near the top dead center, the spark plug (
14) to perform an expansion stroke, and after pushing down the piston, close the intake valve (5), open the exhaust valve (6), move the piston forward, and discharge the combustion gas. The suction valve (5) was opened to move on to the next cycle.

The present invention adds, to such a cycle, one or more reciprocating operations of the piston that do not involve any power generation work, in other words, a free stroke of one or more revolutions of the flywheel, and the expansion (combustion) is performed once with three or more revolutions of the crank. It is distinctive in that it is done twice.

The cycle is generally suction-compression-expansion-exhaust-free rotation. In other words, as shown in Figure 1, the exhaust valve (
6) opens and the piston (3) moves upward and forward, instead of opening the suction valve (5) and moving on to the suction stroke as in the conventional case,
While keeping both the exhaust valve (6) and the intake valve (5) closed, the piston (3) is caused to reciprocate once due to inertia, and the crankshaft (4) is rotated once. In this case, the loss is only the friction loss of the piston (3) and cylinder (2), so the work loss is smaller than in the system in which the valve 4- is added.

In the present invention, the free rotation stroke A is usually inserted between exhaust and intake, but depending on the situation, it may be inserted between other strokes.

For example, suction-free rotation-compression-expansion-exhaust. When this aspect is adopted, the heat inside the cylinder promotes atomization of the air-fuel mixture, and the heat exchange has the advantage of reducing the amount of heat generated.

Although the specific method for obtaining the cycle of the present invention as described above is arbitrary, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the crankshaft (4) and the camshaft (9) ) is provided in the timing gear (12).

(10) is configured so that the number of teeth is 1=3 or more, the speed ratio of the crankshaft (4) and the camshaft (9) is made 1:3 or more, and the intake valve (5) and the exhaust valve The cam (11) that operates (6) may be configured to have a profile according to the above, for example, if the speed ratio of the camshaft (9) and the crankshaft (4) is 1=3, it is sufficient to configure the cam (11) to have a profile with a 60 degree base circle. .

Since the present invention has the above configuration, the engine 600
In the case of 0 rotations, the expansion is 2000 times, compared to the conventional 30
The number of combustion times is significantly reduced compared to 00 times. Therefore,
The amount of heat generated is reduced, making the cooling system more compact. At the same time, it becomes possible to raise the ignition timing. In particular, when the free rotation stroke A is inserted between exhaust and intake, suction does not occur suddenly after exhaust, and one reciprocation of the piston (3) with both intake and exhaust valves always closed is added. This eliminates the problem of gas blow-off at low rotation speeds due to overlap, which was a problem with high-speed rotation engines, and incomplete combustion of excess fuel.

Therefore, it becomes possible to substantially improve fuel efficiency in combination with the above-mentioned reduction in calorific value.

In addition, the camshaft (9) rotates more slowly and has less inertial mass, making it possible to use cheaper materials for this part.The free rotation stroke increases the pause time between valve opening and closing, so even if the rotation speed remains the same, the camshaft (9) will rotate more slowly. A weak spring is sufficient, and friction loss is reduced. Therefore, the engine structure as a whole becomes simple and inexpensive.

Of course, the present invention is applicable not only to gasoline engines but also to diesel engines.

According to the present invention as described above, since the reciprocating engine is used which completes one cycle when the crank rotates three times or more, excellent effects such as improving fuel efficiency and preventing exhaust pollution can be obtained with an extremely simple and inexpensive structure. It will be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an engine according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an engine with an overhead camshaft type valve mechanism, and Fig. 3 is a partially sectional view of a combustion chamber. ,
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a conventional engine. (3)...Piston, (4)...Crankshaft,
(10) (12)...Timing gear consisting of 3:1 or more, (11)...Cam

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) One cycle of power generation is suction and compression. An energy-saving engine comprising expansion, exhaust, and free rotation with intake and exhaust valves closed, and is configured such that this cycle is performed once every three or more crank revolutions. 2. Cycles of intake, compression, expansion, exhaust, and free rotation with the intake and exhaust valves closed. Claim 1, which is performed by setting the number of teeth of the timing gear on the camshaft side and the crankshaft side and the cam base circle
Energy saving engine as described in section.