JP2003205563A - Optical film - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical film which can prevent interference nonuniformity caused by the difference in refractive index between a base material and a hard coat layer and can be produced simply and inexpensively. <P>SOLUTION: In the optical film in which the hard coat layer is formed on the base material, the hard coat layer is formed by applying the layer on the base material by using a resin including a solvent which dissolves or swells the base material. The base material is made of a polyester or cellulose acetate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical film having a hard coat layer provided on a base material used for protecting the surface of a display such as a liquid crystal display, a CRT display, a projection display, a plasma display and an EL display. And a manufacturing method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, optical films used for various displays such as anti-reflection applications are hardened with active energy rays on the surface of a substrate in consideration of scratch resistance, chemical resistance and weather resistance in addition to optical characteristics. A hard coat layer using a mold resin was often provided. However, the refractive index of the hard coat layer obtained by this active energy ray curing is often far from the refractive index of the substrate used, as shown in FIG. Due to the interference of light reflected at the interface between the hard coat layer and the substrate, iridescent unevenness (interference unevenness) occurs, which deteriorates the visibility of the display and impairs the aesthetics of the display.

For example, the resin used for the hard coat layer is
Usually, it has a refractive index of about 1.5 to 1.6. On the other hand, the refractive index of the substrate is, for example, about 1.65 for polyethylene terephthalate and about 1.45 for triacetyl cellulose. Therefore, when there is a clear interface between the hard coat layer and the substrate, light is reflected at the interface due to the difference in refractive index. Therefore, the reflected light R _{1 on the} surface of the hard coat layer interferes with the reflected light R ₂ on the interface, resulting in the occurrence of interference unevenness of rainbow color.

Therefore, in order to suppress the interference unevenness, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-197670 or 2000-11.
The technology disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 1706 is disclosed. The interference unevenness reducing technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-197670 is a technique for scattering the reflection of light at the interface between the hard coat layer and the substrate by providing irregularities on the substrate. However, in order to provide the unevenness on the substrate, a step of providing the unevenness on the surface of the substrate is added before applying the hard coat layer, and this method has a problem that the number of steps is increased and the cost is increased. .

Further, in the interference unevenness prevention technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-111706, an intermediate layer is provided between the base material and the hard coat layer in order to reduce the difference in refractive index between the base material and the hard coat layer. That is. In this technique, even if the intermediate layer is provided, the refractive index only changes stepwise, and even if the interference unevenness is reduced, it does not disappear. In addition, there is a problem that the cost is increased because the step of providing the intermediate layer is required.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an optical film that is simple, low-cost, and free from uneven interference.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an optical film having a hard coat layer formed on a substrate, in which a hard coat is made by using a resin containing a solvent which dissolves or swells the substrate. A hard coat layer is formed by applying a layer to the base material to provide an optical film for preventing interference unevenness. With such a configuration, it is possible to easily and inexpensively provide an optical film that does not reflect from the interface between the base material and the hard coat layer and has no interference unevenness.

Further, the present invention provides an optical film whose base material is polyester, and an optical film whose base material is cellulose acetate. Since polyester is inexpensive and easy to obtain, it is possible to inexpensively provide an optical film having no interference unevenness. Cellulose acetate is higher in price than polyester, but has low optical birefringence and high transparency,
Since the haze can be lowered, an optical film having excellent optical characteristics can be provided.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below.
Figure 1 shows an optical film with a hard coat layer formed on a substrate.
Shown in. As the base material 2 forming the optical film, films or sheets made of various organic polymers can be used. Substrates that are usually used for optical members such as displays have optical properties such as transparency and refractive index of light, as well as physical properties such as impact resistance, heat resistance, and durability.
Polyolefin type (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), polyester type (polyethylene terephthalate,
Polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naltalate, etc.), cellulose type (cellulose acetate (triacetyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose etc.), cellophane etc.), polyamide type (nylon-6, nylon-66)
Etc.), acrylic (PMMA, etc.), polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyimide, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene vinyl alcohol, and other organic polymers are used.

Further, known additives such as antistatic agents, ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers, plasticizers, lubricants, colorants, antioxidants, flame retardants, etc. are added to these organic polymers to function. It is also possible to use those to which is added. Further, this base material may be a single substance of the above substances or a laminate or mixture of a plurality of substances. Further, the thickness of the substrate can be appropriately selected depending on the use of the optical film,
25-300 micrometers is preferable. However, it is not limited to this.

The hard coat layer 1 is used for the purpose of modifying the surface of the substrate, and has scratch resistance of the optical film by the steel wool rubbing test, hardness by the pencil scratching test, adhesion by the tape peeling test, cracking property by the minimum bending test, etc. The resin can be selected and used so as to satisfy the required specifications of the various characteristics.

As the resin forming the hard coat layer,
Active energy ray curable resins are often used,
Polyfunctional monomers and oligomers can be used.
Examples of polyfunctional monomers include 1,4-butanediol (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexadiol (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di ( (Meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, dipropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate,
3-methylpentanediol di (meth) acrylate,
Diethylene glycol bis β- (meth) acryloyloxypropinate, trimethylolethane tri (meth)
Acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, tri (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanate di (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, 2,3-bis (meth) acryloyloxylethyloxymethyl [2.2.1] heptane, poly 1,2-butadiene di (meth) acrylate,
1,2-bis (meth) acryloyloxymethylhexane, nonaethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate,
Tetradecane ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 10-decanediol (meth) acrylate, 3,
8-bis (meth) acryloyloxymethyltricyclo
[5.2.10] decane, hydrogenated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, 2,2-bis (4- (meth) acryloyloxydiethoxyphenyl) propane, 1,
4-bis ((meth) acryloyloxymethyl) cyclohexane, hydroxypivalate neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol A
Examples thereof include diglycidyl ether (meth) acrylate and epoxy-modified bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate.

The polyfunctional monomer may be used alone or in combination of two or more. If necessary, they can be used in combination with a monofunctional monomer for copolymerization. Examples of monofunctional monomers include acrylic acid esters such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, ethyl acrylate and propyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, isooctyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl. Methacrylates, methacrylates such as nonylphenyl methacrylate, tetrafurfuryl methacrylate, and derivatives thereof such as caprolactone-modified products thereof, styrene, α-methylstyrene,
Acrylic acid and the like and mixtures thereof can be mentioned.

When ultraviolet rays are used as the active energy rays, it is necessary to use a photopolymerization initiator. As the photopolymerization initiator, benzoin and its alkyl ethers such as benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, and benzyl methyl ketal; acetophenone, 2,2-
Acetophenones such as dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone and 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone; anthraquinones such as methylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone and 2-amylanthraquinone; thioxane, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone,
Thioxanthones such as 2,4-diisopropylthioxanthone; benzophenones and azo compounds such as benzophenone and 4,4-bismethylaminobenzophenone, azo compounds, peroxides, ketals, disulfide compounds,
Fluoroamine compounds, aromatic sulfoniums, phosphine oxides and the like can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Further, it is used in combination with a tertiary amine such as triethanolamine or methyldiethanolamine; a photoinitiator such as a benzoic acid derivative such as 2-dimethylaminoethylbenzoic acid or ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. You can do it. The amount of the radical polymerization initiator used is 0.1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerization component of the active energy ray-curable resin,
It is preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight.

If desired, known general paint additives can be added. Examples thereof include a leveling agent for obtaining a good coated surface and a silicone-based or fluorine-based lubricant for imparting slip properties. The amount of these additives used is suitably 0.01 to 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the active energy ray-curable resin.

When the above-mentioned polyfunctional or monofunctional monomer is applied onto a substrate, it can be diluted with a solvent to form a coating solution. In the present invention, it is necessary to select a solvent having the property of dissolving or swelling the substrate. This is because if such a solvent is used when preparing the coating liquid, the resin layer is formed immediately after the coating while the base material is dissolved, so that it becomes possible to form minute irregularities at the interface discontinuously. This is because. For example, when polyethylene terephthalate is used as the base material, it is relatively stable to organic solvents, but when phenol, nitrobenzene, chlorophenol, chlorobenzene, hexafluoroisopropanol, etc. are used, and when the base material is triacetyl cellulose, Is chloroform, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate,
Solvents such as methyl acetate and methyl ethyl ketone are suitable.

The combination of dissolving or swelling the substrate as described above, the stability of the composition, the wettability to the substrate,
The solvent is selected in consideration of volatility, and methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, 2-
Alcohols such as methoxyethanol, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl, ketone, esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethers such as diisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, etc. Glycols, glycol ethers such as ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, ethyl carbitol, butyl carbitol, etc., aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, octane, etc., aromatic hydrocarbons such as halogenated hydrocarbons, benzene, toluene, xylene, etc. Hydrogen, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylform, etc. can be used.

The diluting solvent can be used not only in one kind but also in a mixture of two or more kinds. Further, when the resin itself has a relatively low viscosity and has a property of dissolving or swelling the base material, it may not be necessary to use a solvent. It can also be used as a mixture with a solvent that is stable with respect to the substrate.

As described above, the resin, the additive, the solvent and, if necessary, the photopolymerization initiator are mixed and stirred to prepare a coating solution for the hard coat layer. As a method of applying this coating liquid to a substrate, a wet coating method, for example, a gravure coating method, a roll coating method, a reverse coating method, a die coating method, a knife coating method,
A wire bar coating method, a dip coating method, a spray coating method, an air knife coating method, a curtain coating method and the like can be mentioned, which are applied to a desired thickness. After that, the solvent component is evaporated by a dryer to form a resin layer on the base material. If the thickness is too thick, curling or cracks may occur, and if it is too thin, the desired hardness cannot be obtained. Therefore, the thickness is usually about 1 to 20 μm, preferably 2 to
10 μm is an appropriate thickness. Here, the solvent that dissolves the base material is put in the coating liquid for the hard coat layer, but a method of applying a solvent that dissolves the base material immediately before applying the coating liquid for the hard coat layer should be used. Is also possible.

Electromagnetic waves and particle beams are used as the active energy rays used for curing the resin layer obtained by coating and drying the hard coat layer coating liquid on the substrate as described above. Generally, in the case of electromagnetic waves, ultraviolet rays are used, and as the particle beams, electron beams are often used. A low-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high-pressure mercury lamp or a metal halide lamp can be used as a light source of ultraviolet rays. In addition, as the form of the lamp, there are an electroded lamp and an electrodeless lamp, but either one may be used. The irradiation amount of ultraviolet rays varies depending on the resin composition and film thickness of the hard coat layer to be cured, but is 100 to 500.
0 mJ / cm ² is suitable and preferably 500 to 200
It is 0 mJ / cm ² .

Further, the space to be cured when the ultraviolet irradiation is performed may be replaced with nitrogen gas. Substitution with nitrogen has an effect of suppressing oxygen inhibition during curing of the resin, and in particular, it is possible to increase the crosslink density on the outermost surface of the resin layer and improve the surface hardness.

In the case of curing with an electron beam, it is emitted from various electron beam accelerators such as Cockloft-Walt type, Van de Graaff type, resonance transformation type, insulating core transformation type, linear type, dynamitron type, high frequency type and the like. 50-1000 KeV
An electron beam having the energy of is available.

As shown in FIG. 1, the optical film thus formed has minute irregularities formed discontinuously at the interface between the hard coat layer and the substrate. Therefore, the reflected light R ₂ at the interface
Diffusely reflects and does not interfere with the reflected light R ₁ on the hard coat layer surface. Therefore, the obtained optical film has excellent visibility.

[0025]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. <Example 1> Using polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 188 μm as a substrate, pentaerythritol triacrylate 5 parts by weight dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate 5 parts by weight Irgacure 184 0.3 parts by weight methyl ethyl ketone 9 parts by weight hexafluoroisopropanol 1 part by weight The coating solution obtained by stirring and mixing was applied with a gravure coating method to obtain a WET film thickness of 10 μm (DRY film thickness after drying of 5 μm).
Coated and dried to 100% with a high pressure mercury lamp.
An optical film was produced by irradiating 0 mJ of ultraviolet rays to form a hard coat layer.

Example 2 Using 80 μm thick triacetyl cellulose as a base material, pentaerythritol triacrylate 5 parts by weight dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate 5 parts by weight Irgacure 184 0.3 parts by weight methyl ethyl ketone 5 parts by weight methyl acetate 5 The coating solution obtained by stirring and mixing the parts by weight was gravure coating method to have a WET film thickness of 10 μm (DRY film thickness after drying of 5 μm)
Coated and dried to 100% with a high pressure mercury lamp.
An optical film was produced by irradiating 0 mJ of ultraviolet rays to form a hard coat layer.

Comparative Example 1 Using polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 188 μm as a base material, pentaerythritol triacrylate 5 parts by weight dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate 5 parts by weight Irgacure 184 0.3 parts by weight Methyl ethyl ketone 10 parts by weight is stirred, WET film thickness of 10 μm (dried DRY film thickness of 5 μm) by gravure coating method
Coated and dried to 100% with a high pressure mercury lamp.
An optical film was produced by irradiating 0 mJ of ultraviolet rays to form a hard coat layer.

Comparative Example 2 Using 80 μm thick triacetyl cellulose as a base material, pentaerythritol triacrylate 5 parts by weight dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate 5 parts by weight Irgacure 184 0.3 parts by weight Toluene 10 parts by weight, WET film thickness of 10 μm (dried DRY film thickness of 5 μm) by gravure coating method
Coated and dried to 100% with a high pressure mercury lamp.
An optical film was produced by irradiating 0 mJ of ultraviolet rays to form a hard coat layer.

In the above Examples and Comparative Examples, pencil hardness, steel wool rubbing, adhesion and appearance were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

Pencil hardness: The pencil hardness was evaluated according to the test method shown in JIS K5401. Scratch resistance: Using # 0000 steel wool,
It was rubbed back and forth 10 times while applying a load of 250 g / cm2, and the presence or absence of scratches was evaluated. Adhesion: After cutting 100 mm square on the surface of hard coat layer, cellophane tape [Nichiban Co., Ltd., industrial 2
4 mm width adhesive tape], and then the cellophane tape was peeled off to evaluate the number of peelings. Appearance: The opposite surface of the optical film on which the hard coat layer was formed was rubbed with sandpaper, and then a matte black paint was applied, and the optical film was observed from the hard coat layer forming side.

[0031]

[Table 1]

According to the comparison between the examples and the comparative examples, a pencil hardness and a steel are formed depending on whether a hard coat layer is formed by mixing a solvent which dissolves or swells a base material with a coating liquid to form a hard coat layer. It was confirmed that it is possible to eliminate uneven interference without changing the properties of wool rubbing and adhesion.

[0033]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention provides an optical film in which a hard coat layer is provided on a substrate, by applying the hard coat layer to the substrate using a resin containing a solvent that dissolves or swells the substrate, By forming minute irregularities at the interface between the hard coat layer and the substrate, an optical film for preventing interference unevenness can be provided simply and at low cost. As a result, when the optical film of the present invention is used for a display, the visibility can be improved more than ever before.

Further, in the optical film thus produced, the coating liquid for the hard coat layer is applied by dissolving the surface of the base material, so that the durability and the adhesion are improved more than usual. Also plays.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an optical film having minute irregularities formed on an interface according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an optical film according to the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Hard coat layer 2 ... Substrate L ... Incident light R ₁ ... Reflected light on hard coat layer surface R ₂ ... Reflected light on interface

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F term (reference) 2K009 AA15 BB24 BB28 CC12 CC24                       CC47 DD02 EE03                 4F100 AJ06A AK25 AK41A AR00B                       AT00A BA02 EH46 JK12B                       JL00

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An optical film having a hard coat layer formed on a substrate, wherein the hard coat layer is formed by applying the hard coat layer to the substrate using a resin containing a solvent that dissolves or swells the substrate. An optical film characterized by: 2. The optical film as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate is made of polyester. 3. The optical film as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises cellulose acetate.