JP2003147716A - Pavement provided with water permeability, water draining capability and water retentivity and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive pavement provided with water permeability, water draining capability and water retentivity and its construction method providing compatibility between the water retentivity and the water permeability and water draining capability, and capable of maintaining a cooling function of a road surface for a long time. SOLUTION: The pavement arranged with a layer of an asphalt mixture in a surface layer is provided with a pavement body with a water retention material partially filled in gaps of the asphalt mixture and left with gaps communicating from a top face to a lower face and/or a side face, and a water storage layer laminated in a lower side of the pavement body and surrounded by a waterproof material in a bottom face and side faces.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pavement having permeability / drainage property and water retention property and a construction method thereof, and more specifically, it uses an asphalt mixture, a material exhibiting water retention property after solidification and the like. It has both permeability and drainage, and suppresses the so-called "heat island phenomenon" that occurs in cities,
It is related to the technology of returning rainwater underground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, asphalt pavement has a structure in which rainwater does not penetrate below the pavement. On the other hand, recently, it has been designed to allow rainwater to penetrate underground, or to have drainage properties that allow it to permeate the pavement surface and collect it under the pavement. The pavement that has the property of being called) has come to be applied. Such pavement has various merits such as reducing water pools on the pavement, suppressing water splashing and slipping of an automobile or the like, or reducing noise during traveling. Specifically, porous bricks having water permeability are spread, and 10% or more of the total pavement volume is paved with an asphalt mixture having an open surface. Both are transparent
In order to quickly permeate water from the drainage functional layer to the drainage treatment layer or the roadbed layer, the pavement has a high volume ratio of a gap extending from the upper surface to the lower surface or the side surface. That is, in the case of a water-permeable pavement, it is necessary to let rainwater or the like on the upper surface of the pavement escape to the roadbed under the pavement. Therefore, the above-mentioned gap is provided continuously from the upper surface to the lower surface of the pavement. Further, in the case of drainage pavement, it is necessary that the gap extends from the top surface of the pavement to the position where the drainage groove is provided. Since the drainage groove is often provided on the side of the pavement, the gap in this case is continuous from the upper surface to the lower surface and / or the side surface of the pavement according to the position where the drainage treatment layer is provided.

In recent years, not only the problems closely related to the living environment, but also the improvement of the entire social environment has attracted attention. One of them is the so-called "heat island phenomenon" which frequently occurs in cities.
Is being studied. Here, the "heat island phenomenon" means that many roads and buildings in cities are made of materials that easily store heat, such as concrete, asphalt, and bricks. It is a phenomenon in which tropical nights become normal due to the lack of progress, and the entire city becomes like a high-temperature island. Such environmental deterioration tends to be further promoted by an increase in waste heat accompanying an increase in energy consumption of air conditioners and the like. Such a heat island phenomenon results from the fact that the ground or the like originally covered with soil or plants is replaced with concrete, asphalt, or the like as described above. In other words, if the ground is soil, it will collect water in its internal space when it rains, and the water will evaporate in fine weather to remove the heat of vaporization and lower the atmospheric temperature, but in concrete, asphalt, etc. It will not flow into the drainage ditch, etc. and will not be cooled by the heat of vaporization even if it becomes sunny. In addition to this phenomenon, in a city made of concrete, asphalt, etc., if a large amount of rainfall occurs, the load on the drainage facilities becomes large, and a new problem of urban flooding is emerging.

By the way, it is considered that the increase of the load on the drainage facility can be greatly improved by applying the above-mentioned transparent and drainage pavement. However, the high temperature of the pavement cannot be solved because the water-permeable pavement cannot retain water and thus is insufficiently cooled. Although it is possible to simply return concrete to soil, the convenience of preventing sand runoff during dryness and runoff during heavy rain, which is the reason why concrete has been replaced with concrete, is greatly lost. There is also a measure to expand the green area of the city. This measure not only suppresses the heat island phenomenon, but also has many advantages such as reduction of CO ₂ emission to the atmosphere and improvement of landscape. However, since it cannot be applied to any place, even if the above-mentioned problems such as sand dust are alleviated, it does not disappear, and in addition, another work of plant management is required. Therefore,
As a means for solving such a problem at once, a pavement combining a water-permeable pavement and a water-retentive pavement (a property capable of retaining water for a long time inside) has come to be considered.

For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 9-95904 and 9-195212 disclose a pavement having a structure in which a water-retaining ceramics pavement is applied to the surface and a lower layer is water-permeable and can retain water. . It can be said that this pavement is extremely effective in suppressing the heat island phenomenon because the surface layer portion is water-retaining. However, although water-retentive ceramics are also permeable to water for some time, their permeability coefficient is not large, so if there is a large amount of rainfall, water cannot penetrate and so-called “water floating” in which water stagnates on the top surface of the pavement. There is a high possibility that such phenomena will occur.

On the contrary, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-120010 discloses a pavement in which a water-permeable asphalt pavement is applied to the surface and a water-retaining aggregate is applied to the lower layer. It is considered that this makes it possible to secure the water permeability of the surface and to expect vaporization heat cooling in the water-retaining aggregate of the lower layer, so that the advantages of water permeability and the advantages of water retention can be effectively exerted. However, in this pavement, the temperature of the water-retaining material in the lower layer is the temperature after heat is transferred through the water-permeable pavement (asphalt) in the upper layer, so the temperature is lower than when it is on the surface, so evaporation of water occurs. It is difficult to occur, the original effect of providing a water retaining material cannot be exhibited, and since air is relatively likely to stay in the gap of the upper water-permeable pavement, compared to the case where the surface has a water retaining material. However, there was a problem that the water permeability effect was largely suppressed.

A general problem with these water-retaining pavements is that the cooling performance of the road surface is low. In a rain-free environment, the cooling effect drops dramatically over the days. Usually, the cooling effect becomes almost non-existent on the third day after the rainfall disappears. Therefore, in order to continue the cooling effect, it is necessary to sprinkle water regularly on the pavement surface, but it is not only complicated to carry out such watering, but also a large cost burden is imposed, which prevents the spread of this pavement. .

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem,
Several techniques have been proposed. For example, JP-A-8-8
No. 5905 discloses a pavement structure in which cut crushed stones are laid on a roadbed and a plurality of water-permeable asphalt layers are laminated on the upper part of the roadbed to form an integrated structure. In the sheet, a water-retentive pavement is proposed in which an upper part is connected to the water-permeable asphalt layer and a lower part is provided with a nonwoven fabric to be inserted into the cut crushed stone. Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-269808 discloses a water-permeable pavement material, a gutter arranged at an edge portion of the pavement material for flowing rainwater, and a part of water in the gutter flowed to the pavement material by a capillary phenomenon. A wettable pavement system, in which a water guiding member that is operably connected is connected, and a water guiding pipe that supplies water in the event of a shortage of water is connected to the ditch, and a bypass pipe that connects the water to the outside of the ditch is connected when the water level increases. Open 2001-81709 gazette, a water-permeable pavement material, located below or inside the pavement material, a culvert for circulating water, one end is immersed in the culvert, the other end is arranged on the pavement material lower surface, A wet pavement system is proposed, which includes a water-conducting member capable of guiding a part of water in the underdrain to the pavement material by a capillary phenomenon, and a water source for passing water through the water-conducting pipe into the underdrain. .

However, all of the road surfaces formed by these techniques are water-permeable pavements, and the surface layer has a very small water retention property. Therefore, no matter how much water is supplied, the surface layer is dried immediately by short-time solar radiation. However, there is a drawback that the surface temperature rises.

Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-46513, a road surface temperature filled with a silt-type filler having water-permeability as well as water-permeability in a perforated surface layer of a porous molded block such as water-permeable asphalt. There is disclosed a technique of arranging a perforated surface layer of a pavement that suppresses the rise of water, and a perforated pipe for water supply for supplying water to the perforated surface layer or a water storage layer connected to the perforated surface layer. However, although this technology is excellent in terms of sustainability of road surface cooling,
Since pavement materials are water-retentive, they lack water permeability and drainage performance, and if there is a large amount of rainfall, it becomes impossible to permeate water, causing a so-called “water floating” phenomenon in which water stagnates on the top surface of the pavement. Is high.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of such circumstances, the present invention has both water retention and permeability / drainage property, is cheaper than the conventional one, and has a road surface cooling performance that is sustainable for a long period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pavement having water resistance and water retention and a construction method thereof.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, the inventors of the present invention have disclosed the pavement and its construction method capable of simultaneously exhibiting permeability / drainability and water retention, from those disclosed so far. I examined whether there was an excellent one. As a result, by providing a gap in the pavement that extends from the upper surface to the lower surface and / or the side surface of the pavement, and by partially disposing a water-holding substance in the gap, the permeability / drainage property and the water retention property can be obtained. The present invention has been completed by providing a water storage layer connected to the pavement so that the water storage layer can be used for evaporative cooling over a long period of time, in addition to the combined use.

That is, according to the present invention, in a pavement in which a layer of an asphalt mixture is arranged on the surface layer, a water retaining material is partially filled in the gap of the asphalt mixture, and a void communicating from the upper surface to the lower surface and / or the side surface is formed. A pavement having a permeability, drainage property, and water retention property, which is provided with a remaining pavement body and a water storage layer that is laminated below the pavement body and whose bottom and side surfaces are surrounded by a waterproof material. Is.

In this case, the water retention material is a material that is cured by adding water and exhibits water retention after solidification, or the water storage layer is earth and sand, gravel, various artificial sands, granulated blast furnace slag powder. , Crushed stone, blast furnace slag crushed stone, various artificial crushed stones,
It is preferable to incorporate a material comprising one or more selected from crushed concrete, crushed plastic, granulated blast furnace slag, permeable asphalt and permeable cement concrete block.

The material that exhibits water retention after solidification is 50 to 70 mass% of blast furnace slag fine powder and amorphous Si.
30 to 50% by mass of inorganic powder containing 50% by mass or more of O ₂ , 100 in total of the blast furnace slag fine powder and the inorganic powder
Mixing material obtained by adding 3 to 49 parts by mass of an alkali stimulant to parts by mass, 50% to 80% by mass of silt-based powder containing 50% by mass or more of a portion having a particle size of 5 to 74 μm, and the balance cement-based solidifying material. , 30 to 70 mass% of blast furnace slag aggregate having a particle size of 50 to 200 μm, and 7 of blast furnace slag fine powder.
0 to 30% by mass, and 3 parts by weight of an alkali stimulant for 100 parts by mass of the blast furnace slag aggregate and the blast furnace slag fine powder.
˜49 parts by mass or more, or a mixture of 30 to 70% by mass of a water-retaining polymer raw material and 70 to 30% by mass of a cement-based solidifying material.

Further, the volume ratio of the gap is 12% or more of the entire pavement, or the porosity from the upper surface of the pavement to a depth of at least 10 mm is 10% by volume.
% Or more is more preferable.

In addition, any of the above-mentioned methods for constructing a pavement having permeability / drainage and water retention is also invented, and a material exhibiting water retention after solidification is provided in the gap of the asphalt mixture previously constructed. It is proposed to inject a water slurry containing the same, and the amount of the water slurry is set to 30 to 70% by volume of the total volume of the gap, or the flowing time measured in the P funnel is 10 to the water slurry.
I tried to use the one for 20 seconds.

According to the present invention, it becomes possible to obtain a pavement that has both water retention and permeability / drainage properties, is cheaper than the conventional one, is efficient, and can maintain cooling performance for a long period of time. As a result, not only the so-called "heat island phenomenon" that occurs in the city and the return of rainwater to the ground can be achieved, but also the water splash and the slip phenomenon of an automobile or the like can be suppressed, and the noise during traveling can be reduced.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, including the background of the invention.

Water retention and permeability, which have been known to date
Structurally, a pavement that also has drainage properties has a substance (material) that retains water and a substance that allows water to pass through, and are arranged as a horizontal layer on the surface. Such pavements are certainly easy to construct and practical. However, as described above, it is difficult to say that the effects of permeability / drainage and water retention can be sufficiently exerted. Therefore, the present inventors believe that both functions cannot be sufficiently exerted unless both the pores exhibiting the permeability and drainage property and the water-retaining substance are present on the pavement surface. Various means were examined.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the interior of the pavement 1 is provided with a gap 2 extending from its upper surface to its lower surface and / or side surface, and a substance having water retention property (water retention material) in the gap 2 is provided. By arranging 3 to form a pavement having both permeability and drainage and water retention, it is conceived to laminate a water storage layer 4 below the pavement 1 in order to improve cooling performance. It was completed.

First, in the present invention, as the structure of the pavement,
As shown in FIG. 1, in a pavement in which a layer of an asphalt mixture is arranged on the surface layer, a gap 2 of the asphalt mixture 2
Is communicated from the upper surface to the lower surface and / or the side surface, and is partially filled with the water retaining material 3 so that the void 5 communicating from the upper surface to the lower surface and / or the side surface of the pavement 1 remains. To propose. Therefore, the asphalt mixture to be used is, for example, an open-grain size asphalt, a drainage asphalt, or a water-permeable asphalt, which has a gap serving as a passageway for water. The gap 2 is partially filled with the water retaining material 3 while leaving the void 5 communicating from the upper surface to the lower surface and / or the side surface of the pavement. The void 5 not filled with the water retaining material 3 functions as a passage for water, so that the permeability and drainage of the pavement are ensured. On the other hand, since the water retaining material 3 faces the void 5 which is the passage of this water, a part of the water passing through this void 5 is absorbed and stored in the water retaining material 6. The stored water gradually evaporates when the pavement is exposed to sunlight, and the heat of vaporization is taken away.
Prevents the temperature of the pavement from rising rapidly.

Next, the water storage layer 4 laminated below the pavement 1 to improve the cooling performance is a layer for literally storing water and is a continuous layer effective for storing water when filled. Any material may be used as long as it has many voids. Specifically, gravel, crushed stone, blast furnace slag crushed stone, artificial crushed stone, concrete crushed material, gravel-like things such as plastic crushed material, sand, blast furnace granulated slag, artificial sand, concrete crushed material, plastic crushed material, etc. Examples thereof include sand-like ones, soil-like ones, and blocks having continuous voids such as water-permeable asphalt and water-permeable cement concrete blocks. In this case, the porosity does not need to be particularly limited. The water storage layer 4 needs to cover the bottom surface and the side surfaces with the waterproof material 6, but the waterproof material 6 may be formed of asphalt or concrete that does not allow water to permeate, or a fiber waterproof sheet may be used.

The water storage layer covered with such a waterproof material becomes an artificial water pool, and when rain or water is sprinkled, water that cannot be stored in the water retaining material of the upper pavement will be stored. The stored water is, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper pavement body 1 due to the capillary phenomenon of the water retaining material 3 in contact therewith.
By permeating into and evaporating from the surface, it works to prevent the temperature rise on the road surface. That is, it helps to cool the pavement when there is no rainfall for some time.

Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the volume ratio of the portion where the water retaining material 3 and the void 5 are combined, that is, the gap 2 is 12% or more of the entire pavement. This is because the transparency, drainage and water retention effects can be sufficiently exerted. In the case of ordinary open-grain size asphalt, the voids are about 15 to 25%.

When such a pavement is applied to a road,
It is preferable that water splash does not occur when a car runs or a person walks in the rain. From this point of view, in the present invention, the pavement is further provided with at least a depth of 10 from the upper surface.
It is proposed that the porosity up to mm is not less than 10% in volume. By ensuring the porosity near the top surface of the pavement in this way, rainwater can be quickly introduced into the pavement even when there is a large amount of precipitation in a short time. You can effectively prevent the water splashing.

Next, a construction method for forming the pavement according to the present invention described above and a preferable water retaining material used therein will be described.

As a method of coexisting a water-permeable and water-retaining portion in a pavement, a water-retaining material and a water-permeable / water-draining material are poured so that they overlap each other as a horizontal layer. It is possible to do it. However, this construction method is labor-intensive, does not form an integral pavement structure as a whole, and is easily damaged during use,
It is not realistic because it may cause a safety problem.

On the other hand, as a material effective in retaining water, bricks made of rod-shaped or plate-shaped sintered bodies (ceramics) or the like having adjusted pore diameters are made vertical and are arranged side by side in a lateral direction. A possible method is to fill the space with permeable bricks. By doing so, the surface becomes a water-retentive pavement having a permeability / drainage function. However, in the brick construction, the arranged bricks give compressive stress to each other and are held as a structure. Therefore, if bricks having different characteristics are adjacent to each other, there is a problem that a weak material is wrinkled and breakage easily occurs. Further, in reality, there is a problem in that it is troublesome in construction management to alternately construct the permeable / drainable brick and the water retentive brick in the lateral direction.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have been able to
As a result of repeated studies on the method of forming both a part having drainage property and a part having water retention property, as mentioned above, a pavement made of an asphalt mixture represented by open particle size asphalt, drainage asphalt, water permeable asphalt, etc. It was thought that it would be effective to carry out the construction first and partially fill the space of the asphalt mixture with the water-retaining material. Here, "partially filling" means filling the gap of the asphalt mixture so as not to completely close the gap and leaving continuous voids. Preferably, a water retention material having a volume ratio of about 30 to 70% is filled in the gap of the asphalt mixture. Here, as the pavement material to be constructed first, open-grained asphalt pavement, drainage asphalt pavement, water-permeable asphalt pavement ) Was selected because if a suitable compounding design (combination of shape and amount of aggregate, amount of added water, etc.) of these materials is performed, there is a gap with a desired volume ratio, and the gap is from the upper surface of the pavement to the lower surface or This is because it is possible to construct a pavement that has transparency and drainage that is connected to the side surface.

Further, in this case, the pavement made of the asphalt mixture preferably has a gap of 12% or more in volume ratio as described above. If the gap is 12% or more,
This is because the work of filling the water retaining material therewith becomes easy, and even if the water retaining material is filled in an amount capable of maintaining a sufficient water retaining amount, it is possible to still leave the void that serves as the passage for the water. . Furthermore, it is necessary that the water retention material can be filled into the gap of the asphalt mixture, and after the filling, it is fixed to the inner wall of the gap and the like and is not washed away by rainwater or the like. Therefore, from the viewpoint of filling property, in the present invention, it is preferably a powder or a fluid (a water slurry or the like), and once it enters the gap, it solidifies to become a solid and exhibits water retention.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies on materials used for such a water retaining material, and have found the following materials.

(A) 50 to 70 mass% of blast furnace slag fine powder, 30 to 50 mass% of inorganic powder containing 50 mass% or more of amorphous SiO ₂ , and the blast furnace slag fine powder and inorganic powder 3 to 100 parts by weight of alkali stimulant
49 parts by mass of mixed material, (B) 50% to 80% by mass of silt-based powder containing 50% by mass or more of a component having a particle size of 5 to 74 μm, and the balance consisting of cement-based solidifying material, (C) a particle size of 50 to 200 μm. The blast furnace slag aggregate is 30 to 70 mass%, the blast furnace slag fine powder is 70 to 30 mass%, and the alkali stimulant is 3 to 49 with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the blast furnace slag aggregate and the blast furnace slag fine powder. Mixing material added by mass parts or more, (D) Mixing material consisting of 30 to 70% by mass of water-retaining polymer raw material and 70 to 30% by mass of cement-based solidifying material. These materials are voids of the asphalt mixture in the state of powder and granules. After it is sprayed and filled, water is given by spraying water or steam to cause a solidification reaction, resulting in a solidified body having a water retention property, or by adding water in advance and kneading to form a slurry, and then the above-mentioned asphalt. This is because when it is poured into the gap of the Alt mixture and solidified, it becomes a solidified body having water retention property.

Among the above-mentioned various substances, 50 to 70% by mass of blast furnace slag fine powder (A), and amorphous SiO
30 to 50 mass% of an inorganic powder containing 50 mass% or more of ₂ , and a mixture of 3 to 49 mass parts of an alkali stimulant added to 100 mass parts of the blast furnace slag fine powder and the inorganic powder is preferable. . The reason is that these mixtures have excellent performance, especially when made into a slurry. That is, since the blast furnace slag fine powder is the main component, its viscosity is high and its adhesion to the asphalt mixture is high when compared with other slurries under the same fluidity slurry conditions. Therefore, it is possible to secure the adhesion amount to the asphalt mixture with a small injection amount of the slurry,
As a result, a sufficient amount of the water retaining material layer can be formed in the gap of the Alfalto mixture. In addition to that, amorphous Si
Since the inorganic powder containing 50% by mass or more of O ₂ is also used, the strength of the water retaining material after solidification is improved. When the porosity of the pavement made of the Alfalto mixture is 12% or more, the pavement strength decreases due to the large number of gaps. However, after the above-mentioned mixed material is injected into the gap and solidified, the strength of the water retaining material itself formed thereby is high, and the strength of the entire pavement can be increased.

Further, it is preferable to fill the gaps of the asphalt mixture with the above-mentioned various mixing materials in the form of powder or granules or a slurry as mentioned above, but it is preferable to inject it as a slurry. This is because the substance to be injected is in the form of a slurry, so that it can permeate into the inside of the gap of the asphalt mixture, and when it falls from the upper part to the lower part by gravity, it permeates while adhering to the wall of the mother body little by little. The state of injecting this slurry is shown in FIG. 1. In the vicinity of the surface of the pavement, the periphery of the original gap 2 is covered with the slurry 7, and the void 5 having a smaller diameter than the gap 2 remains. It becomes a structure like. In addition, depending on the voids 5, there are some that almost entirely fill up, and conversely some that remain as they are with the original size of the gap 2, but there is no structural problem. As a result, the surface of the pavement has the characteristics of having both water retention and permeability / drainage.

Further, if the amount of this slurry is too small, the water-holding effect of the formed solidified body may be reduced, or the solidified body may not be continuous from the surface to the next layer below. You can no longer expect the cooling effect by sucking up. To avoid this, the open gap volume of 3
It is desirable to inject an amount of slurry corresponding to 0% or more. On the other hand, when the amount of the slurry increases, the amount of the slurry that remains on the pavement surface increases, and it may not be possible to ensure sufficient permeability and drainage. This is good as a water-retentive pavement, but not a transparent / drainable pavement. Therefore, the inventors further studied, and if the injection amount of the slurry was reduced to 70% or less of the void volume, the water permeability of the surface could be secured by applying vibration, but if it exceeded that amount, vibration was applied. Also found that the slurry fills the openings in the surface. Therefore, in the present invention, the amount of slurry is limited to 70% or less of the void volume.

Regarding the fluidity of this slurry,
Although not particularly limited, if the fluidity is extremely high, there is a problem that the thickness of the water-retentive solidified body remaining on the surface tends to be thin, and the water-retaining effect is reduced. Further, since the slurry is not permeated in such an amount as to fill all the gaps, it is necessary to supply the slurry as uniformly as possible to the entire surface of the surface layer, but this may be somewhat difficult. Therefore, the present inventors also examined the fluidity, and measured the flow time to 1 by the P funnel.
We found that it would be good if we could secure 0 seconds or more. More preferably, it is 12 seconds or more. However, if the fluidity becomes too poor, a material exhibiting water retention will accumulate near the surface, making it difficult to obtain water permeability. Therefore, the P funnel flow time is preferably 20 seconds or less. Here, the flow-down time by the P funnel is a fluidity using a prepact flow cone that is generally applied to regulate the fluidity of grout, slurry, paste with low adhesiveness mainly in civil engineering. It is the time measured by the test method, and the shorter the time, the higher the fluidity. The prepact flow cone has a shape in which a cylinder is placed on an inverted cone, and has a discharge port having a diameter of 13 mm at the lowermost portion. Here, 1725 cc of slurry is put and the time for the slurry to flow down from the discharge port is measured. Further, in order to actually make the slurry have such a desired flow down time by the P funnel, it is possible to appropriately mix the amount of water and the material for exhibiting the water-retaining property.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned water storage layer is connected to the pavement having both water retention and permeability / drainage property, and rain water is stored therein, so that cooling performance can be maintained for a long period of time. It will be possible to exert it.

According to the pavement and the construction method thereof according to the present invention described above, the pavement has both a high level of permeability / drainage and water retention, and a water supply device is provided to continuously cool the road surface. It will be possible. The application of such pavement is basically applied to road pavement such as sidewalks and roads, but the pavement and its construction method according to the present invention are applicable to residential blocks, floor materials, roofing materials, rooftop materials for buildings. It can also be used for etc.
Further, the present invention uses asphalt having voids as a base material in order to infiltrate a slurry showing water retention after solidification, but it can also be used on the same principle for water-permeable bricks, porous concrete, etc. is there. That is,
Water-permeable bricks or porous concrete may be applied on the water storage layer, and the gap may be partially filled with a slurry having water retention property.

[0040]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 2 shows an example of the overall image of the pavement according to the present invention, in which a water storage layer 6 made of crushed stone and having a thickness of 210 mm is provided on a subgrade 8. ing. The water storage layer 6 is filled with crushed stones, and a part of the water storage layer 6 is covered with a waterproof sheet 6 that is a waterproof material, and covers the bottom surface and side surfaces of the crushed stones so that water can be stored. . Drainage asphalt (porosity 22%) or open-grain size asphalt (porosity 14%) was poured as a water-permeable layer above the water storage layer 4 to construct a trial pavement. After that, since the water-permeable layer was solidified, a water slurry containing a material having water-holding property after being solidified by a previously calculated amount was poured into the surface opening of the gap to be solidified to be water-solidified, which is the water-holding material 3. Formed body. According to the present invention, the material for forming this hydraulically solidified body contained in the water slurry is 100 μm containing 50% by mass or more of amorphous SiO _2.
A mixture of particles of m or less and blast furnace slag fine powder to which an alkali stimulant was added was used. The construction thickness of this test pavement is 50 mm. The water slurry used was adjusted so that the P funnel flow time was 15 seconds. Further, this construction was carried out by changing the injection conditions of the water slurry variously, and the amount of water blended for forming the water slurry was 80 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the material.

Table 1 shows the construction conditions and construction results for these examples and comparative examples.

[0043]

[Table 1]

Regarding the workability, as a result of variously changing the P funnel flow time of the water slurry, the water slurry of less than 10 seconds could be worked, but the pavement was slightly non-uniform and unevenness was observed on the surface. . Moreover, when the P funnel flow time of the water slurry exceeds 20 seconds, even if the construction body is vibrated, the water slurry just flows and does not easily penetrate into the gap,
It was presumed that the surface of the pavement was covered with the slurry, and the presence of the slurry was biased to the upper layers.
On the other hand, the water slurry having a P funnel flow time of 10 to 20 seconds smoothly entered the gap, cored after solidification, and the state in the depth direction was investigated. A solidified body with good water retention was formed.

The water permeability was evaluated using a water permeability tester. The water permeability tester has an inner diameter of 5 as a water tank.
A pipe with a capacity of 0 mm and a capacity of about 700 cc is held at the top, and from there, a pipe with an inner diameter of 8 mm is connected to the disc at the bottom. The disk has a diameter of 150 mm with a downward opening.
Is arranged, and the depression is arranged so as to face the road surface or the like as the sample. The flow-down time corresponding to 400 cc was measured by this tester and converted into the flow-down amount per 15 seconds, which was used as a criterion for water permeability. 800c per 15 seconds
Good when c or more (circle), 400 cc or more, 800
The case of less than cc was evaluated as somewhat good (marked with Δ), and the case of less than 400 cc was evaluated as defective (marked with ×).

In the embodiment of the present invention, water flows downward through the voids 5 through the surface openings that are left without being completely filled with the solidified material, and the flow-through characteristics and the pourability substantially equivalent to those of pavement having only water permeability are obtained. It was confirmed that it has a water splash prevention effect. On the other hand, in dense-grained asphalt and comparative examples with a large amount of slurry injection, it can be expected that water will not splash or will flow very slowly, and that water splashes will occur when walking on the pavement when it is raining. It was

FIG. 3 shows an example of changes with time of these pavement temperatures measured during solar radiation. This temperature is measured by embedding a thermocouple at a position 20 mm from the pavement surface. From FIG. 3, even under the condition that the temperature of the dense-grained asphalt pavement as the comparative example is about 55 ° C., the temperature is lowered to 40 to 45 ° C. in the example of the present invention, and the cooling effect of 10 ° C. or more is obtained. It is clear that there is. It should be noted that the actual surface temperature is estimated to have a larger difference. Also, in the comparative example, when the slurry was completely permeated, the same effect as that of the example of the present invention was confirmed, but when the amount of the slurry was small, the temperature reduction effect was about 5 ° C. However, it does not have a structure that allows water permeability and water retention to be compatible.

As described above, in the examples of the present invention, it was confirmed that the material structure has both high permeability / drainage and effective water retention. Furthermore, Fig. 4 shows an example of changes in road surface temperature over time.
It can be seen that it continues even after 4 days.

(Example 2) Table 2 collectively shows the combinations of materials used in another test and the evaluation results. The permeable layer is drainage asphalt (porosity 22
%) 60% by weight of silt-based powder containing 50% by weight or more of a component having a particle size of 5 to 74 μm and the remaining cement-based solidifying material 4
Mixed material consisting of 0% by weight, (B) particle size 50 to 200 μm
50% by weight of blast furnace slag aggregate, 50% by weight of blast furnace slag fine powder, and 20 parts by weight of alkali stimulant for 100 parts by weight of blast furnace slag fine powder, (C) 50% by weight of polymer raw material having water retention property % And cement-based solidifying material 50
Three types of mixed materials consisting of wt% were used. As for the construction thickness of the pavement 1, drainage asphalt was 50 mm. Further, with respect to the water retaining material 3, the water slurry containing the materials (A) to (C) was adjusted so that the P funnel flow time was 15 seconds and allowed to permeate.

[0050]

[Table 2]

In the water retention characteristic confirmation test, 5 liter / m ² of water was sprinkled on the surface, a thermocouple was installed at a position 25 mm from the surface, and the temperature change was measured under solar radiation conditions. The water permeability was evaluated on site using a water permeability tester in the same manner as in Example 1.

As shown in Table 2, all of the pavements according to the present invention showed good workability and water permeability. Also. The cooling performance of these pavements decreased to 40 to 45 ° C under the condition that the dense-grained asphalt pavement reached about 55 ° C, and a cooling effect of 10 ° C or higher was confirmed. The actual surface temperature is estimated to have a larger difference.

[0053]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a pavement that has both high water retention capacity and permeability / drainage property, is cheaper than the conventional one, is efficient, and can maintain cooling performance for a long period of time. become. As a result, not only the so-called "heat island phenomenon" that occurs in cities and the reduction of rainwater underground can be achieved, but also the improvement of the living environment such as suppressing water splash and slip phenomenon of automobiles and reducing noise during driving. Will also be possible. It also contributes to flood prevention by reducing the load on drainage facilities.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are views for explaining a method of constructing a pavement having both permeability / drainage property and water retention property according to the present invention, FIG. 1A is a top view of a surface, and FIG. 1B is a longitudinal section.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an overall image of a pavement having both permeability / drainability and water retention according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a change in pavement temperature over time.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing changes in pavement temperature over time.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 pavement 2 gap 3 water retaining material 4 reservoir 5 void 6 waterproof material 7 slurry 8 roadbed

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Hiroaki Onuma             1 Kawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba Made in Kawasaki             Technical Research Institute of Iron Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2D051 AA02 AA05 AD07 AF01 AF03                       AF05 AF07 AF09 AG01 AG11                       AH02 AH03 EA01 EA06 EB04                       EB06 EB07

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. In a pavement in which a layer of an asphalt mixture is arranged on a surface layer, a water retaining material is partially filled in a gap of the asphalt mixture, and a void communicating from an upper surface to a lower surface and / or a side surface remains. A pavement having permeability, drainage property, and water retention property, comprising: a pavement body, and a water storage layer laminated below the pavement body and having a bottom surface and a side surface surrounded by a waterproof material. 2. The water retention material is cured by adding water,
The pavement having water permeability and water permeability according to claim 1, which is a material that exhibits water retention after solidification. 3. The water storage layer is earth and sand, gravel, various artificial sands, granulated blast furnace slag powder, crushed stone, crushed blast furnace slag, various artificial crushed stones, crushed concrete, crushed plastics,
The water-permeable / water-retaining property and water-retaining property according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a material comprising one or more selected from granulated blast furnace slag, water-permeable asphalt, and water-permeable cement concrete block is incorporated. Prepared pavement. 4. The material that exhibits water retention after solidification is:
Blast furnace slag fine powder 50-70 mass% and amorphous SiO ₂
30-50 mass% of inorganic powder containing 50 mass% or more of
And the blast furnace slag fine powder and the inorganic powder, which is a mixed material in which an alkali stimulant is added in an amount of 3 to 49 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total, and the permeation / drainage according to claim 2 or 3, Pavement with water resistance and water retention. 5. A material that exhibits water retention after solidification is:
It is a mixed material which consists of 50-80 mass% of silt-type powders containing 50 mass% or more of a part with a particle size of 5-74 micrometers, and the remainder cement-based solidification material, The permeability / drainage property of Claim 2 or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. And pavement with water retention. 6. The material exhibiting water retention after solidification is:
30-70% by mass of blast-furnace slag aggregate having a particle size of 50-200 μm, 70-30% by mass of blast-furnace slag fine powder, and alkali stimulation for a total of 100 parts by mass of the blast-furnace slag aggregate and the blast-furnace slag fine powder. The pavement having permeability / drainability and water retention according to claim 2 or 3, which is a mixed material containing 3 to 49 parts by mass or more of an agent. 7. The material exhibiting water retention after solidification comprises:
It is a mixed material consisting of 30 to 70% by mass of a polymer raw material having a water retention property and 70 to 30% by mass of a cement-based solidifying material. The permeability, drainage property and water retention property according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that Prepared pavement. 8. The volume ratio of the gap is 12% of the entire pavement.
It is above, The pavement provided with water permeability and water retention of any one of claims 1 to 7. 9. At least a depth 1 from the top surface of the pavement
The pavement having permeability / drainage property and water retention property according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the porosity up to 0 mm is 10% or more in volume ratio. 10. A pavement body partially filled with a water retaining material in a gap of an asphalt mixture and having a void communicating with an upper surface to a lower surface and / or a side surface, and a pavement body laminated below the pavement body. When constructing a pavement having a water storage layer surrounded by a waterproof material on the bottom surface and the side surface, a water slurry containing a material exhibiting water retention after solidification is injected into the gap. Construction method of pavement with drainage and water retention. 11. The method for constructing a pavement having drainage and water retention properties according to claim 10, wherein the amount of the water slurry is 30 to 70% by volume of the total volume of the gap. . 12. The pavement having permeability, drainage and water retention according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the water slurry has a falling time of 10 to 20 seconds measured by a P funnel. Construction method.