JP3852290B2 - Road pavement structure and road pavement method - Google Patents

Road pavement structure and road pavement method Download PDF

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JP3852290B2
JP3852290B2 JP2001049644A JP2001049644A JP3852290B2 JP 3852290 B2 JP3852290 B2 JP 3852290B2 JP 2001049644 A JP2001049644 A JP 2001049644A JP 2001049644 A JP2001049644 A JP 2001049644A JP 3852290 B2 JP3852290 B2 JP 3852290B2
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water
pavement
permeable
phase
road
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JP2002250001A (en
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克則 高橋
真紀子 相川
正人 高木
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、道路路面の舗装構造に関し、特に集中的な降雨に対して好適な排水性能を維持しつつ、晴天時における路面の温度上昇を軽減する道路の舗装構造の改良に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般的な道路舗装は、図2に示すように、地面をつき固める等して安定化した路床部3の上に砕石等を敷き詰めた路盤部2を形成し、その路盤部2上にアスファルト等の舗装材を舗装して舗装部1としている。従来の代表的な道路の舗装構造であるアスファルト舗装は、雨水を舗装構造下部に透水させない構造となっている。
【0003】
これに対して、最近では雨水を地下に透水させることを目的とした透水性舗装が採用されるようになってきている。
この透水性舗装としては、透水性をもつレンガ類を敷き詰めるか、あるいは、アスファルト舗装の全体積中に空隙が20%以上ある透水性アスファルトを用いた舗装が用いられる。
【0004】
いずれの舗装も、道路面から下層へ速やかに水を透過させるため、舗装部に連続的な空隙を内包させていることが特徴である。こうすることで、舗装面上の水溜まりを解消して、水はねやスリップ現象を抑制し、また、車両走行時の騒音を減らせる等、さまざまなメリットを得ることができる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
一方、近年は、上記の住環境に密着した課題だけではなく、透水性舗装による社会環境の改善効果にも着目されるようになってきている。その代表は、都市部におけるヒートアイランド現象の抑制効果である。
コンクリート、アスファルト、れんがといった道路の舗装材は、蓄熱しやすいため、特に夏季において表面温度の著しい上昇がある一方で冷却されにくいことから夜間になっても気温が下がらず、熱帯夜が常態化するようになっていると言われている。この現象は、道路の舗装比率が高い都市部に突出して発生する傾向にある。これがいわゆる「ヒートアイランド現象」である。
【0006】
このヒートアイランド現象による環境の悪化は、さらにエアコン等のエネルギ使用の増加をひき起こし、更に廃熱が増加して一層の環境悪化につながることとなる。
この現象は、本来、土や緑で覆われていた地面が舗装されアスファルト等に置き換わったことに起因する。
【0007】
土壌などの場合、雨が降ると水分をその空隙部に溜めることができ、この溜められた水分が晴天時に蒸発することで気化熱として地面から熱を奪い、地表の温度を低下させる。これに対し、従来のアスファルト等の舗装では、ほとんど雨水がしみこまずに排水溝などにそのまま流れてしまい、晴天になっても気化熱で冷却されない。また、雨水がそのまま流出することは雨の際の排水負荷を大きくすることになり、排水路で排水しきれずに浸水をひき起こすという都市型洪水の一因ともなっている。
【0008】
これらの問題のうち、排水負荷については、道路舗装として透水性舗装を施すことによって大幅に軽減することが可能である。
しかしながら、透水性舗装では水分を保持できないため、舗装面が冷却されず高温のままとなり、ヒートアイランド現象に対する問題解決とはならない。
一方、アスファルト舗装等を行わず、単純に路面を土に戻すことは、乾燥時の砂埃や豪雨時の土の流出などの問題もあり、現実的ではなく、また、容易なことではない。さらに、舗装の利便性を自ら放棄することにもつながる。
【0009】
上記のような問題を解決する方法としては、すでに舗装面に透水性舗装と保水性舗装を組み合わせて利用することが知られている。
例えば、特開平9-95904 号公報では、道路の舗装面を、有孔表層(すなわち透水相)とその下層に敷設した水分貯留層(すなわち、保水相)から構成することが開示されており、その効果として、路面温度の上昇を抑制することができるとしている。
【0010】
また、特開平9-195212号公報では、保水性セラミックからなる骨材を舗装道路の表層材または路盤材として含ませることが開示されており、また、透水性アスファルト層の表面に保水性セラミックからなる骨材を含ませること、透水性アスファルト層の下層に保水性セラミックからなる骨材を敷設すること等が開示されており、この保水性セラミックに定期的な給水を行うことで舗装面の発熱を抑制するとしている。
【0011】
これらの舗装は、いずれも保水相を含むため、ヒートアイランド現象の抑制には極めて効果的といえる。しかし、保水性セラミックス等の骨材は、保水性能は高いものの透水性に劣り、降雨量が多い場合には、水を透水させることができなくなり、路面にオーバフローして水浮き等の現象が発生することにつながるという問題がある。
【0012】
一方、特開2000-120010 号公報では、表面に施工した透水性アスファルト舗装と、下層に保水性骨材を施工して形成した保水相の路盤と、からなる舗装構造が開示されている。
特開2000-120010 号公報では、表面の透水性を確保すると共に、内部の保水性骨材での気化熱冷却効果が期待できるため、透水性の利点と保水性の利点を有効に作用させることが可能であるとしている。
【0013】
この舗装構造は、現実的な施工方法であると考えられる。しかしながら、保水性骨材の作用は、透水性アスファルト舗装面を介することから、その伝熱後の作用となり、気化熱冷却効果は大きく抑制されることになる。
すなわち、保水相での温度は、表面の透水性アスファルト舗装面の温度に比べて低いため気化熱冷却の効率が悪くなり、また、透水性アスファルト舗装の空隙部では空気の流れが比較的滞留しやすく水分の気化効率も悪くなるため、保水性材料が表面にある場合に比較してその効果が大きく抑制されるのである。
【0014】
本発明は、上記課題を解決し、高い透水性能を持ちつつ、保水による高い気化冷却効果を発揮させることを可能とする道路舗装構造体および道路舗装方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、透水性と保水性を同時に発揮させることを可能とする道路舗装構造について、鋭意研究を重ねた。
そして、舗装部の道路表面から下層の路盤部に向けて、連続的に透水性を有する相と、連続的に保水性を有する相を組み合わせて平面方向に交互に整列させることで、透水性と保水性を兼ね備えた舗装とできることを見出し、本発明に至った。
【0016】
上述の本発明の道路舗装構造を実現するには、まず、透水性アスファルトに代表される透水性舗装部材を路盤部上の全面に敷設し、その後、当該透水性舗装部材を敷設した道路表面から、常温で硬化し硬化後に保水性を発現る保水性材スラリを離散的に注入すれば、保水性材スラリを含浸させて形成してなる保水相と、該保水相を除いた部分の透水性舗装部材からなる透水相とからなり、該透水相および該保水相が、道路表面に対して垂直断面から見て横方向に交互に並んでいる構造体が形成できることを見出したのである。
【0017】
すなわち、本発明は、道路の舗装部として、内部に空隙を有する透水性舗装部材が敷設された道路舗装構造体であって、道路の舗装部が、路盤部上に敷設された透水性舗装部材に対して、その表面の平面方向に分散した位置から該透水性舗装部材の空隙中へ、常温固化性を有し、固化後に保水性を発現する保水性材スラリを含浸させて形成してなる保水相と、該保水相を除いた部分の透水性舗装部材からなる透水相とからなり、該透水相および該保水相が、道路表面に対して垂直断面から見て横方向に交互に並んでおり、前記透水相が道路表面から縦方向に連続的に路盤部との境界まで達するように形成され、一方、保水相が道路表面から路盤部との境界まで達するかその途中に達するように形成されてなる道路舗装構造体である
【0018】
また、本発明は、保水相の体積が舗装部の体積の30〜70%を占有してなることが好適であることを見出したのである。
更に、本発明は、道路の舗装部を施工するに際して、路盤部上に敷設された透水性舗装部材に対し、常温固化性を有し、固化後に保水性を発現する保水性材スラリを透水性舗装部材の表面の平面方向に分散した位置から、該透水性舗装部材の空隙中へ浸透させて道路表面から路盤部との境界まで達するかその途中に達する保水相を形成するとともに、該保水相を除いた部分により道路表面から縦方向に連続的に路盤部との境界まで達する透水性舗装部材からなる透水相を形成し、該透水相および該保水相が道路表面に対して垂直断面から見て横方向に交互に並ぶようにすることを特徴とする道路舗装方法によって上記課題を解決した。
また、本発明は既に施工を完了した透水性舗装道路に対して、該透水性舗装道路の路盤部上に敷設された透水性舗装部材に、常温固化性を有し、固化後に保水性を発現する保水性材スラリを、透水性舗装部材の表面の平面方向に分散した位置から、該透水性舗装部材の空隙中へ浸透させて道路表面から路盤部との境界まで達するかその途中に達する保水相を形成するとともに、該保水相を除いた部分により道路表面から縦方向に連続的に路盤部との境界まで達する透水性舗装部材からなる透水相を形成し、該透水相および該保水相が道路表面に対して垂直断面から見て横方向に交互に並ぶようにすることを特徴とする道路舗装方法によって上記課題を解決した。
【0019】
また、本発明は、保水相の体積が舗装部の体積の 30 70 %を占有するように保水性材スラリを浸透させることが好適であり、上記透水性舗装部材を透水性アスファルトとし、保水性材スラリのPロート流下時間を15〜25秒となるように調整することが好適であることを見出したのである。
ここで、Pロート流下時間について説明する。
Pロート流下時間は、主に土木関係で、グラウトやスラリ、粘着性の少ないペースト等の流動性を規定するために一般的に適用されている。Pロート流下時間の測定は、図3に示すプレパクトフローコーン5に所定量の被測定物を入れ、そのノズルから被測定物が流下する流下時間を測定することで行われる。
【0020】
流下時間が短い程流動性が高く、長い方が流動性が低いと評価できる。
【0021】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の道路舗装構造体および道路舗装方法の好適な実施の形態を図1に基づき説明する。
本発明では、路盤部2の上に透水性アスファルトに代表される透水性舗装部材11を敷設し、次に、その透水性舗装部11の表面、すなわち、道路表面1aから平面方向に分散させて保水性スラリ材12を含浸させる。このようにして道路の垂直断面から見て、透水性舗装部材からなる透水相11と、保水性部材が合浸した透水性舗装部材からなる保水相12が、横方向に交互に並んで、道路表面1aから路盤部2との境界にまで縦方向に連続的に形成された構造を形成する。。
【0022】
なお、透水相11は、道路表面1aに降った雨水を路盤部2から排水するため、路盤部2との境界まで達するように形成する。一方、保水相12は、道路表面1aに降った雨水を保水できればよく、必ずしも路盤部2との境界まで達するように形成する必要はない。
このように形成した道路舗装構造体は、道路表面1aに降った雨水をある程度保水相12に保水する一方、保水しきれない雨水は、透水相11で透水して路盤部2から排水するため、道路表面1aに雨水が溜まることはなく、また、晴天時には、保水相12に保水した水分が蒸発することで、道路表面を冷却する。そのため、本発明の道路舗装構造体を都市部の道路に適用することで、ヒートアイランド現象に有効に対処することが可能となる。
【0023】
ここで、保水性部材が含浸した保水相は、道路の舗装部の30〜70体積%とすることを好適とする。
30体積%未満では、ヒートアイランド現象に有効に対処するだけの水分を保水することができず、一方、70体積%を超えると相対的に透水相の割合が小さくなり、雨水を十分に透水して排水できなくなるからである。
【0024】
次に、本発明の道路舗装構造体を形成する道路舗装方法を説明する。
本発明の道路舗装方法では、まず、透水性アスファルトに代表される透水性舗装部材11を路盤部2上の全面に敷設し、舗装部1を形成する。
次に、道路表面1a上で任意に離散的な位置決めを行い、その位置決めした箇所にスラリ状の保水性材を流して浸透させ、断面方向に所定の保水相12を形成する。
【0025】
ここで、形成した保水相12は、道路の舗装部全体に対し、30〜70体積%となればよく、保水相12と透水相11とを交互に整列させることは必ずしも必要なことではない。
本発明の道路舗装方法では、道路表面にスラリ状の保水性材を流し、透水性舗装部材の内部に浸透させるだけでよく、極めて簡単な施工が可能である。また、すでに施工を完了した透水性アスファルト道路に対して本発明の道路舗装方法を適用し、容易に保水相を形成することもできる。
【0026】
スラリ状の保水性材を透水性舗装部材に浸透させる際の流動性は、透水性舗装部材を透水性アスファルトとして、Pロート流下時間で15〜25秒とすることを好適とする。15秒に満たない場合では、透水性アスファルトへの浸透性が良くなりすぎ、透水性アスファルトの内部に留まらずに下部の路盤部まで浸透してしまうことになる。また、表面では離散的な位置で浸透させたスラリが高流動であることにより、切断面方向にも拡がり、下部で連結する場合もおこり、その場合には透水性がそこなわれることとなる。一方、25秒を超える粘度の高いスラリでは、その粘性のために透水性アスファルト中に保水性材スラリが十分に浸透しなくなってしまうからである。
【0027】
ここで、保水性材としては、間隙を有する透水性部材に浸透させる必要からスラリ状とすることが好適である。特に、浸透時にはスラリ状にでき、その後、時間の経過とともに固化する機能を有する水硬性化合物を適用することを好適とする。
なお、水硬性化合物としては、出願中の特願2000-379085 号、特願2000-379086 号に示す舗装用材料を適用することを好適とする。
【0028】
ここで、特願2000-379085 号は、粒径 0.1〜1.0mm の粒子を80質量%以上含有する無機物骨材と、無機物骨材を結合する常温硬化性結合剤とからなり、無機物骨材の含有量が20〜80質量%となるようにした混合粉末を舗装用材料とするものである。
また、特願2000-379086 号は、高炉スラグ微粉末と、粒度 100μm未満で非晶質SiO2 含有量が50質量%以上の無機物粉末とを混合して、高炉スラグ微粉末の含有量を30〜70質量%とした粉粒体に、アルカリ刺激材を添加して得られた混合粉末を舗装用材料とするものである。
【0029】
ただし、本発明は、水硬性化合物をこれらの舗装用材料に限定するものではなく、一定の流動性と常温固化性を保有し、なおかつ、固化後に保水性を発揮する材料であればいずれの材料でも適用可能であることは言うまでもない。
一方、透水性舗装部材としては、透水性アスファルトを適用することを好適とするが、これに限定されず、一般に透水性舗装のために利用されている材料であればどのような材料でも良く、透水性レンガ、ポーラスコンクリートなどを適用することができる。
【0030】
ところで、本願発明の道路舗装構造体は、歩道、車道などの道路舗装への適用を基本とするが、本構造体は、道路に限定されるものではなく、住宅用ブロック、床材、屋根材、ビルの屋上材などとしても用いることができるものであることは明らかである。
【0031】
【実施例】
次に本発明の実施例を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
本発明の検証に用いた材料の組み合わせと評価結果を表1に示す。
【0032】
【表1】

Figure 0003852290
【0033】
今回の検証では、透水性舗装部材として20%の空隙部を有する透水性アスファルトを用い、保水性部材として、50%以上の非晶質SiO2を含む100 μm以下の粒子と高炉スラグ微粉末の混合物にアルカリ刺激剤を添加したものを用いた。
本発明例は、図1に示す構造体とし、従来例は図2に示す透水性アスファルト構造体とした。また、比較例として、図4(a)(比較例1)、図4(b)(比較例2)の2例を準備した。
【0034】
各構造体は、20℃、湿度50%の条件で混練、成形、脱枠後、14日間養生したものをサンプルとしている。サンプルは、それぞれ300mm ×300mm ×100mm の直方体とし、比較例の水平層の厚さは各層50mmとしている。
透水性の評価は、表面に水頭250mm となるように水を入れたアクリル管をたて、その水がどのように変化するかを観察することで実施した。1分以内にアクリル管の水がなくなる場合を○、24時間後でも構造体の背面に湿気が認められない場合を×、その間を△として評価した。
【0035】
本発明例では、深さ方向に連続的に存在する透水相を通じて下部に水が抜けており、透水性のみの機能である従来例の構造体とほぼ同等の透水効果となることを確認した。
一方、水平方向に保水相と透水相を形成した比較例の場合は、保水相を上層とした比較例2では下面の透水相に湿気が認められなかった。また、透水相が上層の比較例1の場合には、透水相で透過した水がすべて保水相で保水され、保水相の下面に湿気が認められるものの水は流下しない状態であった。
次に、保水性の評価を実施した。評価は、サンプルを12時間水中に浸漬し、5 分間水きりを実施した後に、サンプル構造体の表面をブロームライトで照射して加熱し、1時間経過後の表面温度を測定することで実施した。
【0036】
従来例では75℃まで表面温度が上昇しているのに対して、本発明例では55℃と20℃程度の冷却効果が認められた。また、比較例1では、下面に保水相があるため、気化冷却は起こっているものと考えられるが、表面温度はあまり下がらず、保水効果を発揮できていない。比較例2では、表面に保水相があるため、保水効果は理想的であり、50℃まで冷却されている。ただし、上述のように透水効果は認められず、両立はできていない。
【0037】
以上、説明したように、本発明例が高い透水性と有効な保水性を両立する道路舗装構造体であることを確認することができた。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
本発明によって、高透水性と高保水性の長所を併せ持つ道路舗装を簡便に構成することが可能となった。その結果、本発明を適用することで都市部のヒートアイランド現象の抑制と省エネルギの実現が可能となり、また同時に、路面上での水はね抑制と排水負荷の低減を可能とすることができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の道路舗装構造体の好適な実施形態を示す模式断面図である。
【図2】一般的な道路舗装構造体の模式断面図である。
【図3】流動性試験に用いるプレパクトフローコーンの概略仕様図である。
【図4】道路舗装構造を本発明と比較する比較例についての模式断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 舗装部(アスファルト)
1a 道路表面
2 路盤部
3 路床部
5 プレパクトフローコーン
11 透水相、透水性舗装部材(透水性アスファルト)
12 保水相、保水性部材(保水性スラリ)[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pavement structure for road surfaces, and more particularly to an improvement of a pavement structure for roads that maintains a suitable drainage performance against intensive rainfall and reduces a rise in temperature of the road surface during fine weather.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 2, a general road pavement forms a roadbed part 2 in which crushed stones are spread on a stabilized roadbed part 3 by solidifying the ground, and asphalt is formed on the roadbed part 2. The paving material 1 is paved to form the paving part 1. Asphalt pavement, which is a typical typical road pavement structure, has a structure that prevents rainwater from passing through the pavement structure.
[0003]
On the other hand, recently, a water-permeable pavement intended to permeate rainwater underground has been adopted.
As this water-permeable pavement, a pavement using water-permeable asphalt in which a brick having water permeability is laid or a void in the entire volume of the asphalt pavement is 20% or more is used.
[0004]
Each pavement is characterized in that a continuous void is included in the pavement in order to allow water to permeate quickly from the road surface to the lower layer. By doing so, it is possible to eliminate various water pools on the pavement surface, suppress water splashing and slip phenomenon, and reduce various noises during vehicle travel.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
On the other hand, in recent years, attention has been focused not only on the above-mentioned problems closely related to the living environment, but also on the effect of improving the social environment by permeable pavement. The representative is the effect of suppressing the heat island phenomenon in urban areas.
Since road pavement materials such as concrete, asphalt, and brick are easy to store heat, especially in summer, the surface temperature rises significantly, but it is difficult to cool, so the temperature does not decrease even at night, so that tropical nights become normal It is said that it has become. This phenomenon tends to occur in urban areas where the road pavement ratio is high. This is the so-called “heat island phenomenon”.
[0006]
The deterioration of the environment due to the heat island phenomenon causes an increase in the use of energy such as an air conditioner, and further increases the waste heat, leading to further deterioration of the environment.
This phenomenon is caused by the fact that the ground originally covered with soil or green was paved and replaced with asphalt or the like.
[0007]
In the case of soil or the like, when it rains, water can be stored in the voids, and the stored water evaporates in fine weather, thereby removing heat from the ground as vaporization heat and lowering the surface temperature. On the other hand, in the conventional pavement such as asphalt, the rainwater flows almost as it is into the drainage groove without being soaked, and is not cooled by the heat of vaporization even if it becomes fine weather. In addition, the runoff of rainwater increases the drainage load when it rains, which is one of the causes of urban flooding that causes inundation without draining through the drainage channel.
[0008]
Among these problems, the drainage load can be greatly reduced by applying water-permeable pavement as road pavement.
However, since moisture cannot be retained in water-permeable pavement, the pavement surface is not cooled and remains at a high temperature, which does not solve the problem with respect to the heat island phenomenon.
On the other hand, simply returning the road surface to the soil without performing asphalt pavement is not practical or easy due to problems such as dry dust and runoff of the soil during heavy rain. It also leads to abandoning the convenience of paving.
[0009]
As a method for solving the above problems, it is already known to use a combination of a water-permeable pavement and a water-retaining pavement on the pavement surface.
For example, JP-A-9-95904 discloses that a road pavement surface is composed of a perforated surface layer (that is, a water-permeable phase) and a moisture reservoir layer (that is, a water-retaining phase) laid in the lower layer, As an effect, it is said that an increase in road surface temperature can be suppressed.
[0010]
JP-A-9-195212 discloses that an aggregate made of water-retaining ceramic is included as a surface layer material or a roadbed material of a paved road, and the surface of the water-permeable asphalt layer is made of water-retaining ceramic. It is disclosed that the aggregate is made to be included, and that the aggregate made of water retaining ceramic is laid under the permeable asphalt layer, and the water generated on the pavement surface by periodically supplying water to the water retaining ceramic. It is going to suppress.
[0011]
Since these pavements all contain a water retention phase, it can be said that they are extremely effective in suppressing the heat island phenomenon. However, aggregates such as water-retaining ceramics have high water retention performance but are inferior in water permeability, and when there is a lot of rainfall, water cannot be permeated, causing overflow and other phenomena such as water floating. There is a problem that leads to.
[0012]
On the other hand, JP 2000-120010 A discloses a pavement structure comprising a water-permeable asphalt pavement constructed on the surface and a water-retaining phase roadbed formed by constructing a water-retaining aggregate in the lower layer.
In JP 2000-120010 A, while ensuring the water permeability of the surface and the expectation of the vaporization heat cooling effect in the internal water-retaining aggregate, the water permeability advantage and the water retention advantage are effectively acted on. Is said to be possible.
[0013]
This pavement structure is considered to be a realistic construction method. However, since the action of the water-retaining aggregate is via the water-permeable asphalt pavement surface, it becomes an action after the heat transfer, and the vaporization heat cooling effect is greatly suppressed.
That is, since the temperature in the water retaining phase is lower than the temperature of the surface of the water-permeable asphalt pavement, the efficiency of vaporization heat cooling is deteriorated, and the air flow is relatively retained in the voids of the water-permeable asphalt pavement. Since the water vaporization efficiency is easily deteriorated, the effect is greatly suppressed as compared with the case where the water retention material is on the surface.
[0014]
An object of the present invention is to provide a road pavement structure and a road pavement method that can solve the above-described problems and can exhibit a high evaporative cooling effect by water retention while having high water permeability.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies on a road pavement structure that can simultaneously exhibit water permeability and water retention.
And, from the road surface of the pavement part toward the lower roadbed part, by combining the phase having continuous water permeability and the phase having continuous water retention and alternately aligning in the plane direction, the water permeability and The present inventors have found that a pavement having water retention can be achieved, and have reached the present invention.
[0016]
To achieve road pavement structure of the present invention described above, first, laying porous pavement member typified by water-permeable asphalt on the entire surface of the road platen, then, the road surface was laid the permeable paving member from when discretely injecting a water retention material slurry you express water retention after cure at room temperature curing, and water retention phase obtained by forming by impregnating a water retention material slurry, a portion excluding the-holding aqueous phase It was found that a structure having a water permeable phase composed of a water permeable pavement member and the water permeable phase and the water retaining phase alternately arranged in a lateral direction as viewed from a vertical section with respect to a road surface can be formed. .
[0017]
That is, the present invention provides a pavement of the road, a road pavement structure porous pavement member is laid with voids therein, pavement of roads is, porous pavement laid on a roadbed section Formed by impregnating a water-retaining material slurry having a normal temperature solidification property from a position dispersed in the plane direction of the surface of the member into the voids of the water-permeable pavement member and expressing water retention after solidification. And a water-permeable phase made of a water-permeable pavement member excluding the water-retained phase, and the water-permeable phase and the water-retained phase are alternately arranged in the lateral direction as viewed from a vertical section with respect to the road surface. The permeable phase is formed so as to reach the boundary between the road surface and the roadbed portion continuously in the vertical direction from the road surface, while the water retention phase reaches or reaches the boundary between the road surface and the roadbed portion. It is a road pavement structure formed.
[0018]
Moreover, this invention discovered that it was suitable for the volume of a water retention phase to occupy 30 to 70% of the volume of a pavement part.
Furthermore, the present invention is to when to construction of pavement of roads, against the porous pavement member laid on the roadbed section, has a normal temperature hardenable, water retention material which expresses the water retention after solidification From the position where the slurry is dispersed in the plane direction of the surface of the permeable pavement member , the slurry is infiltrated into the gap of the permeable pavement member to reach the boundary between the road surface and the roadbed part, or to form a water retaining phase that reaches the middle of it. And forming a water permeable phase composed of a water permeable pavement member extending continuously from the road surface to the boundary with the roadbed portion by the portion excluding the water retention phase, and the water permeable phase and the water retention phase are in contact with the road surface. solves the above problems by road paving wherein the to Rukoto so as to be aligned alternately in the transverse direction as seen from the vertical section Te.
In addition, the present invention has a solidification property at room temperature on the permeable pavement member laid on the roadbed portion of the permeable pavement road, which has already completed construction, and exhibits water retention after solidification. The water retention material slurry that penetrates from the position dispersed in the plane direction of the surface of the water-permeable pavement member into the gap of the water-permeable pavement member and reaches the boundary between the road surface and the roadbed part or reaches the middle And forming a permeable phase composed of a permeable pavement member that continuously reaches the boundary with the roadbed portion from the road surface in the longitudinal direction by a portion excluding the hydrated phase, and the permeable phase and the hydrated phase are The above problem has been solved by a road pavement method characterized in that the road surface is alternately arranged in a lateral direction as viewed from a vertical section.
[0019]
In the present invention, it is preferable that the water-retaining material slurry is infiltrated so that the volume of the water-retaining phase occupies 30 to 70 % of the volume of the pavement , and the water-permeable pavement member is water-permeable asphalt. It has been found that it is preferable to adjust the flow time of the funnel slurry to a P funnel flow time of 15 to 25 seconds.
Here, the P funnel flow time will be described.
The P funnel flow time is mainly applied to civil engineering, and is generally applied to define the fluidity of grout, slurry, paste with low adhesiveness, and the like. The measurement of the P funnel flow time is performed by putting a predetermined amount of the measurement object into the prepact flow cone 5 shown in FIG. 3 and measuring the flow time during which the measurement object flows from the nozzle.
[0020]
It can be evaluated that the shorter the flow-down time, the higher the fluidity, and the longer the flow-down time, the lower the fluidity.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A preferred embodiment of a road pavement structure and a road pavement method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the present invention, a water-permeable pavement member 11 typified by water-permeable asphalt is laid on the roadbed portion 2, and then dispersed in the plane direction from the surface of the water-permeable pavement portion 11, that is, the road surface 1a. Impregnated with water-retaining slurry material 12. In this way, when viewed from the vertical cross section of the road, the water permeable phase 11 composed of the water permeable pavement member and the water retention phase 12 composed of the water permeable pavement member infiltrated with the water retention member are alternately arranged in the lateral direction. A structure continuously formed in the vertical direction from the surface 1a to the boundary with the roadbed portion 2 is formed. .
[0022]
The permeable phase 11 is formed so as to reach the boundary with the roadbed portion 2 in order to drain rainwater that has fallen on the road surface 1 a from the roadbed portion 2. On the other hand, the water retention phase 12 only needs to retain rainwater that has fallen on the road surface 1a, and does not necessarily have to be formed to reach the boundary with the roadbed portion 2.
The road pavement structure formed in this manner retains rainwater that has fallen on the road surface 1a to some extent in the water retention phase 12, while rainwater that cannot be retained is drained from the roadbed section 2 by passing through the water permeable phase 11. Rain water does not collect on the road surface 1a, and the water surface retained in the water retention phase 12 evaporates in fine weather, thereby cooling the road surface. Therefore, it is possible to effectively cope with the heat island phenomenon by applying the road pavement structure of the present invention to urban roads.
[0023]
Here, the water retention phase impregnated by the water retention member is preferably 30 to 70% by volume of the pavement portion of the road.
If it is less than 30% by volume, it is not possible to retain water enough to effectively cope with the heat island phenomenon. On the other hand, if it exceeds 70% by volume, the ratio of the permeable phase is relatively small, and rainwater is sufficiently permeable. It is because it becomes impossible to drain.
[0024]
Next, a road pavement method for forming the road pavement structure of the present invention will be described.
In the road pavement method of the present invention, first, a water-permeable pavement member 11 typified by water-permeable asphalt is laid on the entire surface of the roadbed portion 2 to form the pavement portion 1.
Next, an arbitrary discrete positioning is performed on the road surface 1a, and a slurry-like water retaining material is allowed to flow and permeate into the positioned position, thereby forming a predetermined water retaining phase 12 in the cross-sectional direction.
[0025]
Here, the formed water retaining phase 12 may be 30 to 70% by volume with respect to the entire pavement portion of the road, and it is not always necessary to alternately arrange the water retaining phase 12 and the water permeable phase 11.
In the road pavement method of the present invention, a slurry-like water-retaining material may be poured on the road surface and penetrated into the interior of the water-permeable pavement member, and extremely simple construction is possible. Moreover, the road pavement method of this invention is applied with respect to the water-permeable asphalt road which has already completed construction, and a water retention phase can also be formed easily.
[0026]
The fluidity when the slurry-like water-retaining material is infiltrated into the water-permeable pavement member is preferably set to 15 to 25 seconds in the P funnel flow time using the water-permeable pavement member as the water-permeable asphalt. In the case of less than 15 seconds, the permeability to the water-permeable asphalt becomes too good, and it penetrates to the lower roadbed part without staying inside the water-permeable asphalt. Further, the slurry permeated at discrete positions on the surface has a high flow rate, so that the slurry spreads in the direction of the cut surface and may be connected at the lower portion. In this case, water permeability is impaired. On the other hand, when the slurry has a high viscosity exceeding 25 seconds, the water retaining material slurry does not sufficiently penetrate into the water permeable asphalt due to the viscosity.
[0027]
Here, the water retaining material is preferably in a slurry form because it is necessary to permeate the water-permeable member having a gap. In particular, it is preferable to apply a hydraulic compound that can be made into a slurry at the time of infiltration and then has a function of solidifying with time.
As the hydraulic compound, it is preferable to apply paving materials shown in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2000-379085 and 2000-379086.
[0028]
Here, Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-379085 is composed of an inorganic aggregate containing 80% by mass or more of particles having a particle size of 0.1 to 1.0 mm, and a room temperature curable binder that binds the inorganic aggregate. A mixed powder having a content of 20 to 80% by mass is used as a pavement material.
In Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-379086, blast furnace slag fine powder is mixed with an inorganic powder having a particle size of less than 100 μm and an amorphous SiO 2 content of 50% by mass or more. A mixed powder obtained by adding an alkali stimulating material to a granular material having a mass of 70% by mass is used as a pavement material.
[0029]
However, the present invention is not limited to these paving materials hydraulic compounds, any material as long as it has a certain fluidity and room temperature solidification, and exhibits water retention after solidification But it goes without saying that it is applicable.
On the other hand, as the water-permeable pavement member, it is preferable to apply water-permeable asphalt, but is not limited thereto, and any material may be used as long as it is generally used for water-permeable pavement. Water-permeable bricks, porous concrete, etc. can be applied.
[0030]
By the way, although the road pavement structure of the present invention is basically applied to road pavements such as sidewalks and roadways, the present structure is not limited to roads, but is a residential block, flooring material, roofing material. It is clear that it can be used as a roofing material of a building.
[0031]
【Example】
Next, examples of the present invention will be specifically described, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Table 1 shows combinations of materials used for verification of the present invention and evaluation results.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003852290
[0033]
In this verification, water-permeable asphalt with 20% voids was used as the water-permeable pavement member, and particles of 100 μm or less containing 50% or more of amorphous SiO 2 and blast furnace slag fine powder as water-retaining members. What added the alkali stimulant to the mixture was used.
The example of the present invention was the structure shown in FIG. 1, and the conventional example was the water-permeable asphalt structure shown in FIG. As comparative examples, two examples of FIG. 4A (Comparative Example 1) and FIG. 4B (Comparative Example 2) were prepared.
[0034]
Each structure is sampled after being kneaded, molded and deframed at 20 ° C. and a humidity of 50% for 14 days. Each sample is a rectangular parallelepiped of 300 mm × 300 mm × 100 mm, and the thickness of the horizontal layer of the comparative example is 50 mm for each layer.
The evaluation of water permeability was carried out by building an acrylic tube with water on the surface so that the water head was 250 mm and observing how the water changes. The case where the water in the acrylic tube ran out within 1 minute was evaluated as ◯, the case where no moisture was observed on the back surface of the structure even after 24 hours was evaluated as ×, and the time between them was evaluated as Δ.
[0035]
In the example of the present invention, it was confirmed that water was evacuated to the lower part through the water-permeable phase continuously present in the depth direction, and the water-permeable effect was almost the same as that of the structure of the conventional example having a function of only water permeability.
On the other hand, in the case of the comparative example in which the water retaining phase and the water permeable phase were formed in the horizontal direction, no moisture was observed in the water permeable phase on the lower surface in Comparative Example 2 in which the water retaining phase was the upper layer. Moreover, in the case of Comparative Example 1 in which the water-permeable phase was an upper layer, all the water permeated through the water-permeable phase was retained by the water-retaining phase, and moisture was observed on the lower surface of the water-retaining phase, but water did not flow down.
Next, water retention was evaluated. The evaluation was performed by immersing the sample in water for 12 hours and draining it for 5 minutes, and then irradiating the surface of the sample structure with a bromine light and heating it, and measuring the surface temperature after 1 hour.
[0036]
In the conventional example, the surface temperature rose to 75 ° C., whereas in the example of the present invention, cooling effects of about 55 ° C. and 20 ° C. were recognized. Further, in Comparative Example 1, it is considered that evaporative cooling occurs because there is a water retaining phase on the lower surface, but the surface temperature does not drop so much and the water retaining effect cannot be exhibited. In Comparative Example 2, since the surface has a water retention phase, the water retention effect is ideal, and it is cooled to 50 ° C. However, as described above, the water permeability effect is not recognized, and both are not compatible.
[0037]
As described above, it has been confirmed that the example of the present invention is a road pavement structure having both high water permeability and effective water retention.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
By this invention, it became possible to comprise simply the road pavement which has the advantages of high water permeability and high water retention. As a result, by applying the present invention, it was possible to suppress urban heat island phenomenon and realize energy saving, and at the same time, it was possible to suppress water splash on the road surface and reduce drainage load. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of a road pavement structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a general road pavement structure.
FIG. 3 is a schematic specification diagram of a prepact flow cone used in a fluidity test.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a comparative example for comparing a road pavement structure with the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Pavement (asphalt)
1a Road surface 2 Roadbed 3 Roadbed 5 Prepact flow cone
11 Water-permeable phase, water-permeable pavement material (water-permeable asphalt)
12 Water retention phase, water retention material (water retention slurry)

Claims (6)

道路の舗装部として、内部に空隙を有する透水性舗装部材が敷設された道路舗装構造体であって、
道路の舗装部が、
路盤部上に敷設された透水性舗装部材に対して、その表面の平面方向に分散した位置から該透水性舗装部材の空隙中へ、常温固化性を有し、固化後に保水性を発現する保水性材スラリを含浸させて形成してなる保水相と、該保水相を除いた部分の透水性舗装部材からなる透水相とからなり、
該透水相および該保水相が、道路表面に対して垂直断面から見て横方向に交互に並んでおり、前記透水相が道路表面から縦方向に連続的に路盤部との境界まで達するように形成され、一方、保水相が道路表面から路盤部との境界まで達するかその途中に達するように形成されてなることを特徴とする道路舗装構造体。
As a road pavement, a road pavement structure in which a water-permeable pavement member having a void inside is laid,
The pavement of the road
Against the laid porous pavement member on roadbed section, from distributed locations in the planar direction of the surface into the voids of the porous pavement member has a normal temperature hardenable, express water retention after solidification water retention consists of a water retention phase obtained by forming by impregnating sex material slurry, the permeability phase consisting permeable paving member portion excluding the water retention phase,
The water-permeable phase and the water-retaining phase are alternately arranged in the transverse direction as viewed from the vertical cross section with respect to the road surface , and the water-permeable phase continuously reaches the boundary with the roadbed portion in the vertical direction from the road surface. On the other hand, a road pavement structure characterized in that the water retention phase is formed so as to reach or reach the boundary between the road surface and the roadbed part .
保水相の体積が舗装部の体積の30〜70%を占有してなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の道路舗装構造体。The road pavement structure according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the water retention phase occupies 30 to 70% of the volume of the pavement. 道路の舗装部を施工するに際して、路盤部上に敷設された透水性舗装部材に対し、常温固化性を有し、固化後に保水性を発現する保水性材スラリを、透水性舗装部材の表面の平面方向に分散した位置から、該透水性舗装部材の空隙中へ浸透させて道路表面から路盤部との境界まで達するかその途中に達する保水相を形成するとともに、該保水相を除いた部分により道路表面から縦方向に連続的に路盤部との境界まで達する透水性舗装部材からなる透水相を形成し、該透水相および該保水相が道路表面に対して垂直断面から見て横方向に交互に並ぶようにすることを特徴とする道路舗装方法。  When constructing the pavement part of the road, the water-retaining pavement member laid on the roadbed part has a room temperature solidifying property and a water-retaining material slurry that develops water retention property after solidification is applied to the surface of the water-permeable pavement member. From the position dispersed in the plane direction, it penetrates into the gap of the water-permeable pavement member to form a water retaining phase that reaches or reaches the boundary between the road surface and the roadbed part, and a portion excluding the water retaining phase. A permeable phase consisting of a permeable pavement member that reaches the boundary with the roadbed part continuously in the vertical direction from the road surface is formed. Road pavement method characterized by arranging in line. 既に施工を完了した透水性舗装道路に対して、該透水性舗装道路の路盤部上に敷設された透水性舗装部材に、常温固化性を有し、固化後に保水性を発現する保水性材スラリを、透水性舗装部材の表面の平面方向に分散した位置から、該透水性舗装部材の空隙中へ浸透させて道路表面から路盤部との境界まで達するかその途中に達する保水相を形成するとともに、該保水相を除いた部分により道路表面から縦方向に連続的に路盤部との境界まで達する透水性舗装部材からなる透水相を形成し、該透水相および該保水相が道路表面に対して垂直断面から見て横方向に交互に並ぶようにすることを特徴とする道路舗装方法。  For water-permeable paved roads that have already been constructed, the water-permeable material slurry that has solidification at room temperature and that exhibits water retention after solidification is formed on the water-permeable pavement member laid on the roadbed portion of the water-permeable paved road. And a water-retaining phase reaching from the road surface to the boundary with the roadbed or in the middle from the position dispersed in the plane direction of the surface of the water-permeable pavement member into the gap of the water-permeable pavement member Forming a water permeable phase composed of a water permeable pavement member extending continuously from the road surface to the boundary with the roadbed portion by a portion excluding the water retention phase, the water permeable phase and the water retention phase with respect to the road surface A road pavement method characterized by being arranged alternately in a horizontal direction as viewed from a vertical section. 保水相の体積が舗装部の体積の30〜70%を占有するように保水性材スラリを浸透させることを特徴とする請求項又はに記載の道路舗装方法。The road pavement method according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein the water retention material slurry is infiltrated so that the volume of the water retention phase occupies 30 to 70% of the volume of the pavement. 透水性舗装部材を透水性アスファルトとし、保水性材スラリのPロート流下時間を15〜25秒となるように調整したことを特徴とする請求項のいずれかに記載の道路舗装方法。The road pavement method according to any one of claims 3 to 5 , wherein the water permeable pavement member is made of water permeable asphalt, and the P funnel flow time of the water retention material slurry is adjusted to 15 to 25 seconds.
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