JP2000287562A - Soil-protecting sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soil-protecting sheet capable of being converted into soil, improving water permeability and air permeability and further contributing to growth of plants while keeping merits of usual sheets in the soil-protecting sheet prepared by harvesting banana fibers from stems of banana disposed after harvesting banana and forming a sheet-like product using the banana fibers and used for covering the soil in cultivating vegetables, fruits and flower petals. SOLUTION: By using a banana fiber-harvester in which a pair of cylindrical rotating bodies 3 having many protrusions 6 on their surfaces is horizontally arranged by mutually closely approaching their circumferential surfaces and the both rotating bodies 3 are rotated in the same peripheral velocity in the direction toward the closely approached part 4, barks 2 of banana are laid on the closely approached part 4 of the both rotating bodies 3, the fibers are separated by squeezing a sap and bound in a nonwoven fabric form or untwisted fabric form to obtain a sheet which is used for protecting the soil for cultivating plants.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for collecting banana fibers from banana stems that have been discarded after harvesting bananas, forming a sheet using the banana fibers, and cultivating vegetables, fruits and flowers. The present invention relates to a soil protection sheet that covers the soil at the time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Bananas reach a height of 3 to 4 m and have the appearance of trees, but are perennial herbs. After bananas are harvested, some are used as raw materials for pulp cut off from the roots.
Many were spoiled naturally. Sprouts emerge from the side of the old trunk and grow quickly to prepare for the next crop. As shown in FIG. 1, the trunk of the banana has several layers of hard curved bark around a thin central part, maintaining the strength of the trunk. Therefore, the bark can be peeled off one by one, and many barks having a thickness of 1 to 2 cm, which are straight in the length direction and curved in the width direction, can be obtained. This bark contains about 10% fiber.

On the other hand, in the cultivation of vegetables, fruits, flowers, and the like, so-called mulching cultivation is practiced in which holes are formed only in a portion where a plant is to be planted and a vinyl sheet is laid all over the soil. This method is a preferable cultivation method because it does not grow weeds, raises the temperature of the ground, does not cause the topsoil to be washed away and dust does not soar.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned cultivation method has a problem that the vinyl sheet peeled off after harvesting becomes an industrial waste and is difficult to treat. Furthermore, since the vinyl sheet does not have water permeability and air permeability, dew condensation tends to occur on the back of the sheet due to sudden changes in temperature, promoting the growth of bacteria harmful to plants, and rainwater from the root of the plant to the soil locally Root rot tended to occur due to inflow.

An object of the present invention is to provide a soil-protecting sheet derived from a natural product which has all the advantages of the conventional sheet and improves the disadvantages, in place of the plastic sheet of vinyl or the like in the conventional cultivation. I do.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem, and the structure of the present invention is to form a pair of columnar rotating bodies having a large number of projections on the surface by making the circumferential surfaces close to each other. The banana bark is placed in the vicinity of both rotating bodies, and the sap is squeezed out. The method is characterized in that the separated fibers are entangled in a nonwoven fabric shape or a woven fabric shape without twisting, and the sheet is used for protection of plant cultivation soil.

That is, according to the present invention, a banana trunk which has been discarded after harvesting a banana contains 10% of fiber, and a sheet having such a strength that it cannot be broken until the fiber is taken out and laid in soil is manufactured. Things. If this sheet is used in place of the conventional plastic sheet, all the advantages of the plastic sheet can be retained, and the decisive disadvantage that cannot be discarded can be eliminated. In other words, after harvesting various plants, plowing into the soil
It is an excellent material that rots completely in a year and fertilizes the soil. Furthermore, since it is mainly composed of fibers, it has many voids between the fibers, allowing rainwater to penetrate the soil evenly,
Even if there is a sudden temperature change, it has a water absorbing power and does not cause dew condensation.

Since the banana trunk has a structure as shown in FIG. 1, the bark can be peeled off from the surface in a peeling manner after cutting, and the bark is separated between a pair of rotating bodies having a large number of projections. , A liquid component containing water, starch and intercellular substances in the bark flows out, and only a few fibers are left after repeating several times. If this fiber is washed with water and dried in the sun, it can be dried in one day and made into a non-woven fabric without a twisting step, or a coarse woven fabric between warp and weft in a straw-like form can be manufactured without trouble. it can.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The banana trunk in the present invention is
There is no limitation as long as the fruit banana is a plant that can bear fruit, but mainly the above-ground part cut after banana harvesting is used. Generally, the above-ground part is left as it is, and in about one year, it completely rots and returns to the soil, but the present invention utilizes this. Fibers obtained from banana trunks are mixed in various thicknesses, but all of them can be used.

As shown in FIG. 1, the trunk of a banana is in a state in which a bark 2 curved around a thin core 1 in a central portion is wound around several layers. If the trunk is divided into two or three or four in the longitudinal direction, a hard thick bark 2 straight in the longitudinal direction and curved in the transverse direction can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 2, the bark 2 is passed through a fiber collecting machine composed of two rotating bodies 3 arranged closely and horizontally. The two rotating bodies 3 are arranged substantially horizontally in a state of being close to each other with the same diameter, and rotate in the direction from the upper surface toward the proximity section 4 at the same peripheral speed. Reference numeral 5 denotes a rotating shaft, and a number of projections 6 are provided on the outer periphery of the rotating body. The protrusion 6 has a sharpness like a kind of blade, and the bark 2 inserted from the upper part of the two rotating bodies 3 is fixed and held by the protrusion 6 while passing through the adjacent portion 4 while being squeezed. It falls with the sap as shown by the arrow below the body.

A large number of projections pierced into the bark by passing the rotating body 3 once breaks the tissue between the fibers, exposing the fibers while spouting the sap contained in the bark, and the tissue collapses. When the bark after the squeezing is passed again between the two rotating bodies, only fibers which are mainly wet with the sap containing starch and tannin are obtained. When only the fibers are not separated by passing through the fiber collecting machine twice, the fiber can be passed through the fiber collecting machine consisting of two rotating bodies three times, four times or more. Depending on the fiber extractor, it is also possible to extract the fibers in a single pass. The fibers obtained are washed lightly with water and dried to obtain a bundle of coarse fibers.

Further, the bark is rich in curved outer circumference and fibers, and the inner circumference has almost no fibers. Therefore, if the inner circumference of the bark is cut off in advance and then supplied to a fiber collecting machine, fibers can be efficiently collected.

There are various known methods for drying such as sunlight, heating, hot air, etc., but solar drying does not require a heat source and is the cheapest.
In tropical and subtropical areas where bananas grow, it can be dried sufficiently in a day just by hanging them on a pole or the like in the sun.

The obtained crude fiber is formed into a sheet. In the present invention, the sheet may be in the form of a sheet, and the uniformity of the fineness of the texture is not particularly important. Should just be fixed. Since the sap contains a large amount of starch and the fibers themselves are long fibers, even if they are sieved and dried, the sap becomes a sheet, but does not have sufficient bonding strength. The fibers can be entangled with each other in accordance with the nonwoven fabric manufacturing method, but the simplest method that does not require the most equipment is to weave the fibers roughly in a straw-like form without twisting the bundled fibers. In this case, the interval between the wefts is long, and the warp also has a large number of fibers gathered into one warp, so that it can be extremely coarsely woven and efficient. Moreover, there is no danger of being separated during transportation and use. 15 to 50 warp yarn on 10cm square sheet
Book, preferably 20-45, and the weft is 15-45.
The number is preferably 20 to 40.

The fiber obtained in the present invention is used as a soil protection sheet. For example, in the open-field cultivation of komatsuna, cabbage, spinach and the like, the sheet of the present invention is spread, and holes are provided only at the site where the seedlings are planted. Because the fields are covered with sheets, weeds do not grow without the use of herbicides, and the fields covered with fibers increase the soil temperature, speed up harvesting and increase yield. Furthermore, even if the wind blows, there is no danger of blowing up dust and losing important topsoil. This method has been conventionally performed using a vinyl sheet, but since the soil protection sheet of the present invention is derived from a natural plant, it can be returned to soil by plowing without having to dispose even after harvesting the crop. . The banana trunk fiber returns to the soil in about a year.

Further, since the soil protection sheet of the present invention has only coarsely woven fibers, even if there is a large temperature difference between the front and the back of the sheet due to a drastic change in temperature, the soil protection sheet is rich in water permeability and air permeability, and causes dew condensation. However, the infiltration of rainwater into the soil was even and the root decay was drastically reduced. In the case of conventional vinyl sheets, dew condensation occurs on the back surface of the sheet due to lack of air permeability, and bacteria condensed on the dew condensation, especially mold and harmful roots harmful to plants, but this kind of damage Also fell sharply.

The sheet of the present invention is not limited to the open-field cultivation of vegetables,
It can be widely and advantageously used for open-field cultivation of flowers and fruits, and for house cultivation of these plants.

[0019]

EXAMPLE 1 After harvesting a banana fruit, the stem was cut down and cut at two locations at substantially equal intervals in the length direction, and the thickness was 30 to 40 cm and the length was 1
I got a little over m stems. Peel off the bark of this trunk one by one
A large number of barks of 2 cm were obtained, and this bark was used as a material to be supplied to the fiber collecting machine shown in FIG. The rotating body 3 of the fiber collecting machine is made of stainless steel having a diameter of about 20 cm and a length of 150 cm, and has a hard surface having a height of 5 mm and a protrusion of 5 mm per 10 cm square.
It was provided for six. Two fiber sampling machines were provided, the first fiber sampling machine had an interval between rotating bodies of 6 mm, and the second fiber sampling machine had an interval between rotating bodies of 3 mm.

In some cases, it is possible to provide a mechanical structure in which the position of at least one of the rotating bodies 3 is movable and the position of the proximity portion 4 can be adjusted as required.

Since the bark is rich in fiber on the outer circumference of the curved surface and rich in sap on the inner circumference, the inner circumference rich in sap is cut off in advance to obtain a fiber-rich bark having a wall thickness of about 8 mm.
Supplied to a fiber sampling machine. The sap erupted and the wall thickness decreased and became soft, but the bark treated once was again supplied to the first fiber collecting machine to obtain a bark in which only soft fibers having a thickness of about 5 mm were conspicuous.

When the bark was supplied to a second fiber collecting machine, bark consisting essentially of fibers was obtained, but was again supplied to the second fiber collecting machine. The bark was washed with water to obtain only fibers. In washing with water, fresh water was showered directly from the nozzle on the fibers falling from the rotating body. When this fiber was suspended on a rod, it dried in one day and was a soft-textured fiber.

An appropriate amount of the fiber bundle was supplied without co-twisting the warp and weft yarns, and the fibers were woven at high speed to obtain a woven fabric having a thickness of 3 mm with a weft interval of 1 cm and a warp interval of three.

Last year, in the field where cabbage was cultivated in the open field by laying vinyl sheets, cultivation was carried out using the soil protection sheet of the present embodiment instead of the vinyl sheets. The sheet obtained in this example, in which holes having a diameter of 10 cm were drilled in accordance with the intervals at which the seedlings were planted, was laid on the soil, and cabbage seedlings were planted at the holes. Last year, the lower leaves were 2 to 2 due to condensation and rainwater local inflow due to lack of water permeability and air permeability of the vinyl sheet.
Although three pieces were rotten, in this example, the lower leaves hardly rotten, and thus the growth of the plant itself was good. The effects of weed removal and soil temperature increase were almost the same as last year. After the cabbage was harvested, the sheets could be plowed into the soil without having to be discarded.

[0025]

According to the present invention, it has water permeability and air permeability,
It has become possible to supply a soil protection sheet that can prevent root rot and disease and can be returned to soil after harvesting.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional explanatory view of a banana trunk.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a fiber collecting machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Core 2 Bark 3 Rotating body 4 Proximity part 5 Rotation axis 6 Projection

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A soil protection sheet wherein fibers collected from a banana trunk are entangled in a non-woven fabric or woven fabric shape. 2. The soil protection sheet according to claim 1, wherein the sheet has a straw-like shape in which a warp bundle and a weft bundle are woven at coarse intervals without twisting the fibers. 3. The fiber cuts the banana trunk after harvesting the fruit, peels off the bark, and arranges a pair of columnar rotating bodies having a large number of projections on the surface horizontally with their circumferential surfaces close to each other. In a banana fiber sampling machine installed so that both rotating bodies are rotated in the direction toward the adjacent part at the same peripheral speed, the bark is placed in the vicinity of the two rotating bodies, and the banana separated by squeezing out the sap is separated. The fiber is a fiber.
The soil protection sheet as described in the above. 4. A pair of cylindrical rotating bodies having a large number of projections on the surface are horizontally arranged with their circumferential surfaces close to each other, and both rotating bodies are rotated at the same peripheral speed in a direction toward the adjacent part. A banana fiber collecting machine, which is installed in the country.