JP3533104B2 - Soil protection sheet - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention collects banana fiber from a banana trunk that has been discarded after harvesting a banana, forms a sheet using the banana fiber, and cultivates vegetables, fruits, and flowers. In this case, the present invention relates to a soil protection sheet that covers soil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Bananas reach a height of 3 to 4 meters and appear as trees, but they are perennial herbs, and some of them are used as raw materials for cut pulp from the roots after harvesting bananas.
Many naturally rotted. Sprouts grow from the side of the old trunk and grow quickly to prepare for the next harvest. As shown in Fig. 1, a banana trunk maintains its strength by stacking several layers of hard curved bark around a thin center part. Therefore, the barks can be peeled off one by one, and a large number of barks with a thickness of 1 to 2 cm that are straight in the length direction and curved in the width direction can be obtained. This bark contains about 10% fiber.

On the other hand, in the cultivation of vegetables, fruits, flowers and the like, so-called mulching cultivation is carried out in which holes are made only in the planting site and a vinyl sheet is spread over the entire surface of the soil. This method is a preferable cultivation method because it does not cause weeds to grow, the soil temperature does not rise, topsoil is not washed away, and dust is not raised.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned cultivation method has a problem in that the vinyl sheet peeled off after harvest becomes industrial waste and is difficult to dispose of. Furthermore, since vinyl sheets are not water-permeable or breathable, dew condensation is likely to occur on the back surface of the sheet due to rapid changes in temperature, which promotes the growth of bacteria that are harmful to plants, and rainwater locally spreads from the roots of the plants to the soil. Inflow tended to cause root rot.

An object of the present invention is to provide a soil protection sheet derived from a natural product, which has all the advantages of the conventional sheet and replaces the conventional plastic sheet such as vinyl in macching cultivation, and which has the disadvantages. To do.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the structure thereof is such that a pair of cylindrical rotating bodies having a large number of projections on the surface thereof are arranged horizontally with their circumferential surfaces being close to each other. The banana bark is placed in the vicinity of both rotating bodies of the banana fiber sampling machine installed so that both rotating bodies are rotated at the same circumferential speed in the direction toward the close vicinity, and the sap is squeezed out. They were entwined in fabric form without yarn twist the separated fibers <br/> sheet, characterized by using for the protection of plant cultivation soil.

That is, according to the present invention, the trunk of the banana which has been discarded after the banana harvest contains 10% of the fiber, and a sheet having a strength that does not come apart until the fiber is taken out and laid in the soil is manufactured. It is a thing. If this sheet is used in place of the conventional plastic sheet, it has all the advantages of the plastic sheet, and can eliminate the demerit that it cannot be discarded. That is, after harvesting various plants, by plowing them into the soil,
It is an excellent material that completely decays with age and rather fertilizes the soil. Furthermore, since it consists mainly of fibers, it has many voids between the fibers, allowing rainwater to penetrate evenly into the soil,
Even if there is a sudden change in temperature, it has water absorption and does not cause dew condensation.

Since the trunk of the banana has the structure shown in FIG. 1, the bark can be peeled off one after another from the surface by peeling the bark after cutting, and the bark can be separated between a pair of rotating bodies having many protrusions. Liquid component containing water, polysaccharides and intercellular substances in the bark flows out, and only fibers are left by repeating several times. If this fiber is washed with water and dried in the sun, it can be dried in one day, and if it is made into a woven cloth with a warp and weft coarse texture in a basket shape without going through the twisting step, it can be manufactured without trouble.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The banana trunk of the present invention is
The plant is not limited as long as it is a plant that can produce fruit bananas, but mainly above-ground parts harvested after banana harvest are used. Generally, the above-ground portion is left as it is and completely decomposed and returned to the soil in about one year, but the present invention utilizes this. The fibers obtained from banana trunks have various thicknesses, and all of them can be used.

As shown in FIG. 1, the trunk of a banana is in a state in which a curved bark 2 is wound around multiple layers around a thin core 1 in the central portion. If the trunk is divided into 2 or 3 or 4 in the length direction, a hard and thick bark 2 that is straight in the length direction and curved in the transverse direction can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 2, the bark 2 is passed through a fiber extractor comprising two rotating bodies 3 which are horizontally arranged in close proximity to each other. The two rotating bodies 3 are arranged substantially horizontally with the same diameter and close to each other, and rotate at the same peripheral speed in the direction from the upper surface toward the proximity portion 4. Reference numeral 5 is a rotating shaft, and a large number of protrusions 6 are provided on the outer periphery of the rotating body. The protrusion 6 has a sharpness similar to that of a kind of blade, and the protrusion 6 is fixed and holds the bark 2 inserted from the upper part of the two rotating bodies 3 while squeezing it to pass the proximity portion 4 and rotate the two rods. It falls with the sap under the body as shown by the arrow.

A large number of protrusions pierced into the bark by passing the rotor 3 once destroys the tissue between the fibers, exposing the fibers while ejecting the sap contained in the bark, and the tissue collapses. When the pressed bark is passed again between the two rotating bodies, only the fibers which are wet with the sap containing the polysaccharide and tannin are obtained. If only the fiber is not separated by passing it through the fiber extractor twice, add three more times.
It can be passed through a fiber extractor consisting of two rotating bodies as many times as desired. Depending on the fiber harvester, it is possible to remove the fibers in a single pass. The obtained fiber is lightly washed with water and dried to obtain a coarse fiber bundle. Further, the bark is rich in curved outer circumference and fibers, and almost no fibers are present in the inner circumference. Therefore, if the inner circumference of the bark is scraped off in advance and then fed to a fiber sampling machine, the fibers can be efficiently collected. There are various known methods such as sun drying, heating, hot air, etc., but sun drying is the cheapest because it does not require a heat source, and in the tropical and subtropical regions where bananas grow, suspend it on a rod in the sun. Only one day is enough to dry.

Further, the bark is rich in curved outer circumference and fibers, and almost no fibers are present in the inner circumference. Therefore, if the inner circumference of the bark is scraped off beforehand and then fed to a fiber sampling machine, the fibers can be efficiently collected.

There are various known methods for drying, such as sun, heating, hot air, etc., but sun drying is the cheapest because it does not require a heat source,
In the tropical and subtropical regions where bananas grow, it is enough to dry them in one day just by hanging them on the pole in the sun.

The crude fiber obtained is formed into a sheet. In the present invention, it may be a sheet, the uniformity of the fineness of the texture is not particularly important, and it is a sheet in which the fibers are arranged uniformly at first glance, and the fibers may be dispersed to the extent that they do not come apart during transportation and use. Should be fixed. There are many polysaccharides in the sap, and the fibers themselves are long fibers, so even if they are strained and dried, they will form a sheet, but they do not have sufficient binding force. Simple method does not require the most equipment is to weave in rough straw mat-like without twisting while a bundle of fibers. In this case, since the distance between the wefts is long and the warp is made up of a large number of fibers to form one warp, the weaving can be extremely coarse and efficient. Moreover, there is no danger of being scattered during transportation or use. The warp is 15 to 50, preferably 20 to 45, and the weft is 15 to 45, preferably 20 to 40 on a 10 cm square of the sheet.

The fiber obtained in the present invention is used as a soil protection sheet. For example, in open-field cultivation of Japanese mustard spinach, cabbage, spinach, etc., the sheet of the present invention is spread, and holes are provided only at the site for planting seedlings. Since the field is covered with a sheet, weeds do not grow even without the use of herbicides, and the field covered with fiber raises the soil temperature, speeds up the harvest and increases the yield. Even if the wind blows, there is no risk of fluttering dust and losing important topsoil. This method has been conventionally performed using a vinyl sheet, but since the soil protection sheet of the present invention is derived from a natural plant, it can be returned to soil by plowing it in without needing to discard it even after harvesting a crop. . The banana trunk fibers return to soil in about a year.

Further, since the soil protection sheet of the present invention is made of only coarsely woven fibers, even if a large temperature difference occurs between the front and back sides of the sheet due to a drastic change in air temperature, the sheet has excellent water permeability and air permeability and causes dew condensation. However, the infiltration of rainwater into the soil was evenly distributed and root rot was drastically reduced. With conventional vinyl sheets, dew condensation occurs on the back side of the sheet due to its lack of breathability, and various bacteria propagated on this dew condensation, causing damage and root rot, especially from molds that are harmful to plants. Also drastically decreased.

The sheet of the present invention is not limited to outdoor cultivation of vegetables,
It can be widely and advantageously used for open cultivation of flowers, fruits, and greenhouse cultivation of these plants.

[0019]

EXAMPLES Example 1 After harvesting banana fruits, the trunk was cut down and cut at two locations at equal intervals in the length direction, and the thickness was 30 to 40 cm and the length was 1.
I got the trunk of m. Peel off the bark of this trunk one by one
A large number of 2 cm bark was obtained, and this bark was used as the material to be fed to the fiber sampling machine shown in FIG. The rotating body 3 of the fiber sampling machine is made of stainless steel having a diameter of about 20 cm and a length of 150 cm, and a hard protrusion of 5 mm in height is 5 cm per 10 cm square.
It was provided for every 6 pieces. Two fiber extractors were provided, the first fiber extractor had a space between rotors of 6 mm, and the second fiber extractor had an interval between rotors of 3 mm.

In some cases, at least one of the rotating bodies 3 can be moved in position, and the mechanical structure can adjust the position of the proximity portion 4 as needed.

Since the outer circumference of the curved surface of the bark is rich in fibers and the inner circumference is rich in sap, the sap-rich inner circumference is scraped off in advance to form a fiber-rich bark having a thickness of about 8 mm, and then the first
Of the fiber sampling machine. The sap spouted and the wall thickness decreased and became soft, but the bark treated once was fed again to the first fiber sampling machine to obtain bark in which only soft fibers having a wall thickness of about 5 mm were conspicuous.

When this bark was fed to the second fiber sampling machine, bark consisting of almost all fibers was obtained, but it was fed again to the second fiber sampling machine. When this bark was washed with water, only fibers were obtained. For washing with water, fresh water was showered directly from the nozzle to the fibers falling from the rotating body. When this fiber was suspended on a rod, it dried in one day, and the fiber had a good texture.

This fiber was woven at a high speed by supplying an appropriate amount of a fiber bundle without co-twisting the warp and the weft, and a woven fabric having a thickness of 3 mm was obtained with 3 weft intervals and 1 warp interval per cm.

Last year, in the field where a vinyl sheet was laid and the cabbage was cultivated in the open field, the soil protection sheet of this example was used instead of the vinyl sheet for cultivation. The sheet obtained in this example in which holes having a diameter of 10 cm were drilled according to the intervals for planting seedlings was spread on the soil, and cabbage seedlings were planted at the sites of the holes. Last year, vinyl sheets were not water-permeable and breathable, so dew condensation and local inflow of rainwater caused the lower leaves to reach 2
Three of them were rotten, but in this example, the lower leaves were hardly rotten, and therefore the growth of the plant itself was good. The weed removal effect and soil temperature rise effect were almost the same as last year. After the cabbage was harvested, the sheets could be plowed into the soil without having to discard them.

[0025]

According to the present invention, it has water permeability and air permeability,
It has become possible to supply soil protection sheets that prevent root rot and diseases and can be returned to soil after harvesting.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a banana trunk.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a fiber sampling machine.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 core 2 bark 3 rotating bodies 4 Proximity part 5 rotation axes 6 protrusions

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Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. Fiber twisted from a banana trunk is twisted.
A sheet of woven fabric woven without
15 to 50 warps and 15 to 45 wefts on 10 cm square
Soil protection sheet characterized by being woven . 2. A sheet made of woven cloth is 10 cm square.
20-45 warp threads, 20-40 weft threads
Soil protection for the seat, characterized in that it is. 3. A fiber cut a banana trunk after fruit collection to peel off bark, and a pair of cylindrical rotating bodies having a large number of protrusions on the surface are arranged horizontally with their circumferential surfaces being close to each other. , A banana fiber extractor arranged so that both rotors rotate at the same peripheral speed in the direction toward the adjacent portion, the bark fibers are placed close to both rotors, and the banana fibers separated by squeezing out the sap The soil protection sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. A pair of cylindrical rotating bodies having a large number of protrusions on the surface are horizontally arranged with their circumferential surfaces being close to each other, and both rotating bodies are rotated at the same peripheral speed in the direction toward the adjacent portion. A banana fiber extractor characterized by being placed in.