396,105. Starting; valve gear. WERKSPOOR NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP and MATTERN, H. M. M., 62, Oostenburgermiddenstraat, Amsterdam. Jan 31, 1933, No. 3042. Convention date, Feb. 1 1932. [Classes 7 (v) and 7 (vi).] In starting means comprising a compressed air inlet valve actuated hydraulically through a column of liquid fuel, the hydraulic systen comprises, in addition to an active piston and a passive piston, a change-over member which is starting position causes the plunger of the fue pump to act as the active piston. In one form Fig. 1, a cylinder head is provided with a fuel injection valve 1 and with an inlet valve 23 for starting air actuated by hydraulic pressure on a piston 24. A cam-actuated fuel pump 3 is connected by pipes 21, 4 to the injection valve 1 and by pipes 27, 5 to the cylinder 25 of the hydraulic piston 24. The output of the pump is controlled by a rod 16 acting on the suction valve 13 and engaged by a lever 17 having a pin-and-slot connection with the pump plunge 12 and adjusted by means of an eccentric 9 A change-over valve 6 is normally set as in Fig. 1A, connecting the pipes 4, 21 to supply fuel to the valve 1, and connecting the pipe 5 through a pipe 26 to the fuel container 15 At starting, the valve 6 is set as in Fig. 1, cutting off fuel from the pipe 4 and connecting the pipes 5, 27 ; the pump control lever 17 may be set in a position corresponding to maximum fuel supply, or in which the valve 13 is not lifted during the stroke of the plunger 12. Starting is then begun by hand actuation of the plunger 12 or the valve 23 and is continued by the hydraulic actuation of the valve 23 from the plunger 12. In modifications, (1) the fuel supply pipe 4 is connected directly to the pump outlet instead of through the valve 6, and the relative strengths of the springs on the fuel-injection and starting valves are such that only the starting valve will open when both are connected to the fuel pump ; (2) the change-over valve 6 is replaced by a piston valve ; (3) the change-over valve is a beat valve, the casing of which is connected by a single pipe to the pump outlet, and a lever for opening the change-over valve is arranged also to lift the pump outlet valve. In another form, Fig. 5, the pressure pipe 5 leading to the starting valve is connected to the suction pipe 58 of the fuel pump, which is connected to the supply tank by a pipe 14 provided with a cut-off valve 59. The inlet port 65 of the pump is piston-controlled and the effective stroke of the plunger is controlled by turning the plunger about its axis by means of a rack 68 and a pinion 67 engaging a squared portion of the .plunger, which is provided with a helical groove 63 communicating with an axial passage 64. At starting, the cut-off valve 59 is closed and the pump plunger is turned into a position in which the passage 64 is permanently open to the port 65 and the pipe 5 leading to the starting valve. The supply pipe 14 from the fuel tank may be connected to the suction pipe 73 of the fuel pump through a piston valve formed by the piston 71, Fig. 6, for actuating the starting valve 23. The piston 71 is provided with a passage 74 normally connecting the pipes 14, 73; and can be turned by a lever 75 to cut off this passage. An arrangement suitable for multicylinder engines is similar to Fig. 5, the pipes 5, 14 being connected to opposite piston-controlled ports and the pipe 4 to a delivery valve in the head of the pump cylinder; and the pump being regulated and reversed by axially movable cams. In a rurther form, Figs. 8 and 8A, the pump cylinder has a port 86 connected to the pressure pipe 5, and the fuel supply pipe 14 is connected to a suction valve 88 and to a port 89 in the cylinder wall. The pump plunger 90 has an axial passage 90a connected to recesses 91, 92 and is turned to control the effective stroke and to bring the recess 91 or 92 into register with the port 86 to allow the starting valve to be actuated. The hydraulic cylinder on the starting valve has a recess 97 through which excess fuel and entrapped air escape through a pipe 98 to the pipe 14 at the end of the stroke of the piston 96. The fuel-pumpcam 99 has a steep portion 100 for effecting fuel injection, a concentric portion 101, and a short steep portion 102 for bringing a port 93 into register with port 89 to allow the starting valve to seat itself at the required moment. To enable a multicylinder engine to be started without an initial hand actuation of a starting valve or a fuel pump, each pump plunger 110, Fig. 9A, may have an additional recess 115 which comes, at the end of the stroke, into register with a port 111 connected to the cylinder of a starting-pump plunger integral with a piston acted upon by the pressure of the starting air. For reversible engines in which each fuel pump is actuated by a single symmetrical cam for both directions of running, a piston or other valve between the pipe 5 and the corresponding port of the pump is actuated by one of two cams slidable on a lay shaft driven from the shaft of the pump cam. The casing of the piston valve is connected above the valve to a starting pump actuated by the pressure of the starting air, and the valve has an angular passage connecting the starting pump to the pipe 5 when the starting pump forces liquid into the space above the valve and brings the valve rod into engagement with its cam.