FR3045693A1 - BUILDING COMPRISING A WELL OF LIGHT - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a building intended for the rest of persons for a relatively short period of time, comprising a belt wall (Mr), a skylight (Pl) disposed substantially centrally in said building, radial partitions ( Cl) arranged between the skylight (Pl) and the belt wall (Mr), demarcating in the building of the living space in the form of angular sectors (Sa) of suitable dimensions to receive at least a mattress or a bed. According to the invention, carrier posts (Pt) delimit the perimeter of the skylight (Pl) and a ring (Cn) joins the upper ends of at least some of said posts. The crown makes the connection between the poles to form part of the load-bearing structure of the building. Thanks to this structure, the construction of the building is relatively simple to implement. The habitable volumes are distributed around the skylight giving the building an excellent ratio / surface area.

Description

The present invention relates to a building intended for the rest of persons for a relatively short period of time, for example, for persons roaming on the motorway or persons wishing to rest punctually in urban centers, for example during the lunch break.

It is known to use buildings to house people's night. Such buildings include conventional hotels, buildings built on foundations. They are also bulky and relatively expensive to build.

Knowing this state of the art, the applicant has sought a solution to design a building likely to correspond to this use and which can be of a construction relatively simple to implement and not bulky. For this purpose, a building intended for the rest of persons for a relatively short period of time is proposed, comprising a belt wall, a skylight disposed substantially centrally in said building, radial partitions arranged between the skylight and the wall of belt, delimiting in the building of the habitable volumes in the form of angular sectors of dimensions adapted to receive at least a mattress or a bed; according to the invention, bearing posts define the perimeter of the skylight and a crown joins the upper ends of at least some of said posts.

The crown makes the connection between the poles to form part of the load-bearing structure of the building.

Thanks to this structure, building construction is relatively simple to implement.

The habitable volumes are distributed around the skylight giving the building an excellent ratio / surface area.

According to an additional feature of the invention, a series of recesses completely or partially traverse the thickness of the ring and the section of the upper end of each post has a section complementary to that of a corresponding recess and a limit stop the depression of said post in said recess.

The posts are positioned and joined together, by their high ends, in the crown.

According to an additional feature of the invention, the ring is delimited by an upper face, a lower face, an outer wall and a series of recesses dig the thickness of the ring from its upper face without reaching its lower face and opening laterally through the outer wall, the inner ends of chevrons arranged in a star being housed and retained respectively in said recesses.

The chevrons are positioned and retained in the crown, which transfers part of the roof mass into the load-bearing posts.

According to an additional feature of the invention, the building is built on at least two levels and it comprises at least one other intermediate ring, bearing posts being interposed between the two rings and the inner ends of the joists arranged in a star are housed respectively in said recesses.

The second crown supports a portion of the mass of the floor of the building of the first floor.

According to an additional feature of the invention, the joists extend beyond the waist wall so as to form an access passageway to the first floor.

By adding a staircase to this passageway, it is easy to access this first floor.

According to an additional characteristic of the invention, the building comprises a crown of lower rank intended to be secured to a slab on which the building is erected, the lower free ends of the carrier posts of the lower level or the single level taking place in the recesses. correspondents.

The base of the posts is precisely positioned by being held in this lower rank crown.

According to an additional feature of the invention, a canopy is disposed above the skylight, said canopy being fixed to the ridge crown.

This assembly of the canopy is simple to implement.

According to an additional feature of the invention, a window or a door is disposed between two adjacent posts.

The light likely to penetrate into the skylight is then diffused in the living volumes of the building.

According to an additional feature of the invention, the building is covered with a roof including solar panels. The electronic energy produced by solar panels is used to power the electrical equipment installed in the building.

The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being given in relation to the attached drawings, among which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a building constructed on a single level and intended for the rest of persons for a relatively short period of time according to the invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a building constructed on a single level and intended for the rest of persons for a relatively short period of time according to the invention, FIG. 3 is a perspective view, in its position of installation, of a crown intended to transfer a part of the mass of the roof or floor of a building on carrying columns according to the invention, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a detail of a crown according to the invention, FIG. 5 is a plan view of a detail of a crown in which are mounted a post and a chevron or a joist according to the invention, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a crown for positioning the support post feet according to the invention, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a building constructed on two levels and intended for the rest of persons for a relatively short period of time according to the invention and FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a building built on two levels whose roof is covered with solar panels and intended for resting people for a relatively short period of time according to the invention.

The building Bt shown in FIG. 1 is intended for resting people for short periods of time, up to a few hours at most. It is intended to be mounted and used on rest areas, for example highway rest areas to allow drivers to rest before resuming driving their vehicles, reducing the risk of accidents resulting from drowsiness. It can still be mounted in urban centers to be used by people wishing to rest punctually, for example during the lunch break or who are not close to their homes.

It is built on a slab Dl, for example, a concrete slab.

The Bt building consists of at least one level and one level in this Fig. 1. The perimeter of the building Bt has, in cross-section, a polygonal geometry. It is divided into angular sectors Sa which are distributed around a PI skylight. The roofing elements of its roof are not shown to highlight the structure of the building.

The structure of the building Bt comprises carrying poles Pt, partitions Cl, a belt wall Mr, a roof Tt and a glass roof Vr disposed above the skylight PI.

The carrying posts Pt delimit the perimeter of the skylight PI. They are erected vertically on slab Dl. They are preferably made of wood.

The belt wall Mr delimits the perimeter of the building Bt. It is arranged at a certain distance from the skylight PI. It is formed of panels, preferably planes, which form a top view of a polygon. Other carrying posts can also be arranged at the wall of enclosure between said panels.

In one embodiment, not shown, the panels have a top view of an arcuate geometry so that the wall also has a substantially circle or substantially elliptical view from above.

Preferably the skylight PI is positioned in the center or substantially in the center of the building Bt, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Cl partitions respectively join the Mr belt wall with Pt posts delimiting the periphery of the skylight PI. The angular sectors Sa are thus delimited between two neighboring partitions Cl and the wall Mr. These angular sectors Sa form in the height of the level of the building living volumes and in which are installed living facilities, such as beds.

In FIG. 1, the building Bt has six habitable volumes Sa. Access to these volumes Sa is through openings of doors Pr through the wall panels constituting the wall belt Mr and are clearly visible only in this Fig. 1. Windows, not shown, can also be installed in openings through the wall panels.

Windows or windows Fv are placed between the poles Pt surrounding the skylight PI, allowing the light likely to penetrate through said skylight to diffuse in the living volumes Sa.

In FIG. 2, and in the invention, a ring Cn is mounted on the upper ends of the posts Pt delimiting the skylight PI to position and join them. The supporting structure is thus stiffened. It is also used to fix the Cv star chevrons constituting the roof Tt. The crown Cn thus participates in the formation of the load bearing structure of the building Bt and the supporting structure of the roof Tt.

In FIG. 3, the crown Cn has a polygonal Gml geometry outside and in cross section to facilitate the installation of windows on these sections thus formed.

Internally the ring Cn has in cross section a circular geometry or made, as shown in this FIG. 3, a succession of concave curves Ce forming a rosette and which are inscribed between a circle of small diameter and a circle of larger diameter, in order to admit a quantity of light greater than that likely to be admitted in an opening circular. The inner geometry bears the reference Gm2.

The height of the ring Cn is substantially constant, it is defined by an upper face Fs and a lower face Fi substantially parallel.

The ring Cn is preferably made of wood, and advantageously by the laminate / glued technique by superimposing and gluing wooden panels together.

In Figs. 2 and 3, a first series of recesses Bvl dig vertically crown Cn and, preferably, through the entire. They are distributed around said crown. They are intended to receive perpendicularly to the axis of the crown, the upper ends of the posts to connect them together. Preferably these recesses Bvl open laterally through the inner wall Gm2 to facilitate the machining of said recesses with a cutting tool. Their section is constant over the entire height of the crown Cn.

A second series of Bv2 recesses vertically hollow the ring Cn from its upper face Fs by opening laterally through the outer wall Gml. They are distributed on the periphery of said crown. They are intended to receive the star sends of the rafters to join them and to transmit a portion of the mass of the roof in the posts Pt. The height of these recesses Bv2 is shorter than the height of said crown so that they do not open on the side of the lower face Fi of the crown Cn. Their section is constant over their entire height.

In FIG. 4, each recess Bvl has a top view of a polygonal geometry and which is open through the inner wall Gm2. The width of this opening through the inner wall Gm2 is smaller than the largest width of said recess Bvl.

In FIG. 2, the crown Cn just perpendicularly cap the high ends of the posts Pt, ends that take place by being inserted in corresponding recesses Bvl.

In FIG. 5, each Pt post has in section a polygonal geometry SI and preferably a quadrilateral geometry in kites. The section S2 of its free end, which is hatched to visualize it well, has a geometry complementary to that of the Bvl embossment, but with a slightly smaller dimensioning to obtain a play-free connection between the crown and the posts. A mechanical assembly without possible rotation is thus obtained between each of the posts and said ring.

The junction between the solid section SI of the body of the pole Pt with the reduced section S2 of its free end is formed via a facet Fd plane and perpendicular to the main direction of said pole. The crown Cn is supported, by its lower face, on the bearing facet Fd of the posts thus forming a stop. The facet Fd extends around the periphery of the section S2, except at a corner of the post projecting from the Bvl embossment and opening through the internal geometry Gm2.

This design makes it possible to assemble the crown on the columns, without using connectors, which simplifies the assembly of the building.

The recesses Bvl are preferably positioned at the corners of the crown Cn. The two facets of the obtuse angle of each post Pt are respectively parallel to the lateral faces of a corresponding corner of the crown, thereby allowing flat application of the crown. frame of a window or door on the two neighboring posts.

It is the same for the re-entrant facets extending the facets of the obtuse angle and forming an angle of 90 ° with them. We can then insert the frame of a window or door and perfectly adjusted between two neighboring posts.

In FIG. 4, each recess Bv2 presents in top view a polygonal geometry and which is open through the outer wall Gml. The width of this opening through the outer wall Gm is smaller than the largest width of said recess Bv2.

In FIG. 2, the chevrons Cv extend radially in a star around the crown Cn with however an incidence to form the slope of the roof. These Cv chevrons have in cross section a polygonal geometry of rectangular or square type.

In FIG. 5, one of the ends of a chevron Cv takes place in a recess Bv2 corresponding being held in position. This end of the chevron has an enlarged geometry in plan view with respect to the constant section of the chevron and which is of complementary shape to that of the recess Bv2. In this FIG. 5, the enlarged geometry of the end of the chevron Cv forms a trapezium whose broad base forms the face of the end of said chevron. The geometry of the Bv2 recess also forms a trapezium.

In Figs. 3 and 4, each recess Bv2 is delimited in the lower part by a stop face Fr, arranged in withdrawal from the lower face Fi of the ring and against which bears the lower face of the end of the chevron at the end of its nesting in said recess. Again, the assembly of the rafters in the ring Cn is made without using connectors, which simplifies the assembly of the building.

In FIG. 2, the roof Tt comprises battens (not shown) and on which are fixed cover elements Ec such as slates, tiles.

The canopy Vr covers the exit exit of the skylight PI. It is fixed on the crown Cn.

In FIG. 6 is shown an alternative embodiment of a crown and which is intended to unite and position the feet of the carrying columns on the slab on which will be erected the building. It is called a crown of lower rank. In this version of realization and bearing the reference Cni, the ring Cn presented above is preferably modified. It is thinned. It no longer has the reception dimples for rafters. Only remain the recesses Bvl and in which respectively take up the lower ends of the posts. This situation is presented in FIG. 2, where such a crown Cni is integrated in the slab D1, the lower free ends of the Pt posts taking place in the recesses Bvl corresponding. They are fixed in the crown Cni, in the slab Dl, using tie rods or any other fastening means suitable for such use.

In FIG. 7, the building Bt is built on several levels and precisely on two levels NI and N2 corresponding to a ground floor surmounted by a floor.

In this embodiment, two crowns Cn are used, the Cnl crown of intermediate rank which supports a part of the mass of joists Sv on which a floor Pc has been laid, the crown Cn2 of higher rank which supports a part of the mass roof Tt. Sv joists extend radially in a star around the ring Cnl and on the same plane.

Sv joists have in cross section a polygonal geometry of rectangular or square type. The geometry of its end which is connected in a corresponding recess Bv2 is of the same type as that of a chevron previously described.

In FIG. 5, one end of a joist Sv takes place in a recess Bv2 corresponding being held in position. This end of the joist has an enlarged geometry in plan view with respect to the constant section of the joist and which is of complementary shape to that of the recess Bv2. In this FIG. 5, the widened geometry of the end of the joist Sv forms a trapezium whose broad base forms the face of the end of said chevron. The geometry of the Bv2 recess also forms a trapezium. The joining of the Sv joists on the crown Cn is also done without using connectors, which simplifies the assembly of the building.

It will be noted in FIG. 7, that the free ends of the joists Sv extend beyond the wall Mr to form a corridor Cs access to level 2 habitable volumes. The corridor is covered, for example by a grating. The corridor Cs is served by an access staircase Es.

In this variant embodiment, the function of the ring Cn2 is similar to that described for a single-level building.

The two rings Cnl and Cn2 are identical thus simplifying the nomenclature of the components necessary for the construction of the building.

The skylight PI extends over the height of two rows of columns Pt. The high end of a Ptl post of lower rank NI and the lower end of a Pt2 pole of a higher rank N2 and coaxial at the post Ptl, are held in the same recess Bvl of the crown Cnl. Said ends penetrate practically and respectively at mid-height in the recesses Bvl. They transmit a part of the mass of the bearing structure of the building and in particular that of the floor and that of the roof, on the slab Dl.

In FIG. 8, the roof Te of the building Bt comprises solar panels Ps. They advantageously serve to produce electrical energy for supplying, via electric batteries, the electrical equipment installed in the building.

The building of the invention is of relatively inexpensive construction and is easy to construct. Its establishment, especially on rest areas of roads, highways, is intended to reduce the risk of accidents of drivers drowsy driving.

The distribution of the habitable volumes around the skylight gives the building an advantageous habitability with regard to its surface on the ground.

Claims (9)

1) Building (Bt) for the rest of people for a period of relatively short duration, comprising a belt wall (Mr), a skylight (PI) disposed substantially centrally in said building, radial partitions (Cl ) arranged between the skylight (PI) and the waist wall (Mr), delimiting in the building habitable volumes in the form of angular sectors (Sa) of dimensions adapted to receive at least one mattress or a bed, characterized in that that carrying posts (Pt) define the perimeter of the skylight (PI) and in that a ring (Cn) joins the upper ends of at least some of said posts. 2) Building (Bt) according to claim 1, characterized in that a series of recesses (Bvl) completely or partially traverse the thickness of the crown (Cn) and in that the section of the upper end of each post (Pt) has a section complementary to that of a recess (Bvl) corresponding and that a stop (Fd) limits the depression of said post in said recess. 3) Building (Bt) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ring (Cn) is delimited by an upper face (Fs), a lower face (Fi), an outer wall (Gml) and in that a series of recesses (Bv2) dig the thickness of the crown (Cn) from its upper face (Fs) without reaching its lower face and opening laterally through the outer wall (Gml), the inner ends of chevrons ( Cv) arranged in a star being housed and retained respectively in said recesses (Bv2). 4) Building (Bt) according to claim 3, the building being built on at least two levels (NI, N2), characterized in that it comprises at least one other intermediate ring (Cnl), bearing posts (Pt) being interposed between the two rings (Cnl and Cn2) and in that the inner ends of the joists (Sv) arranged in a star are housed respectively in said recesses (Bv2). 5) Building (Bt) according to claim 4, characterized in that the joists (Sv) extend beyond the belt wall (Mr) so as to form a passageway (Cs) access to the first floor. 6) Building (Bt) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a crown (Cni) of lower rank to be secured to a slab (Dl) on which is erected the building (Bt), the lower free ends of the carrier posts (Pt) of the lower level or the single level taking place in the recesses (Bvl) corresponding. 7) Building (Bt) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a canopy (Vr) is disposed above the well of light (PI), said canopy being fixed on the crown (Cn, Cn2) ridge. 8) Building (Bt) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a window or door is disposed between two posts (Pt) neighbors. 9) Building (Bt) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is covered with a roof (Tt) including solar panels (Ps).