FR2942252A1 - Floor block for concrete forming of concrete slab of concrete floor of building, has cleavable and breakable elements re-arranged on core to form transversal and longitudinal correctors to limit thermal bridges - Google Patents

Abstract

The block (1) has a core with cleavable and breakable elements, and longitudinal edges with support projections (10). The cleavable and breakable elements are re-arranged on the core to form transversal and longitudinal correctors (CT, CL) to limit thermal bridges respectively between transversal and longitudinal walls (MT, ML) and a slab (D). Transversal edges of the core respectively include shoulders on which the transversal correctors are supported. The transversal correctors include fixation units (12) cooperating with complementary fixation units placed at the level of the shoulders. An independent claim is also included for a concrete floor comprising a slab.

Description

FORMWORK CONVEYORS AND FLOOR EQUIPPED WITH SUCH INTERVALS Description Technical field of the invention. The invention relates to a formwork interjoists and a floor equipped with such interjoists.

The invention relates to the general technical field of construction 15 and more particularly that interjoists used to form the formwork of the concrete slab of a floor with beams.

State of the art Concrete floors generally comprise a concrete slab set on a joists and interlock structure. In practice, the beams are arranged parallel to each other and form spans, their ends resting on opposite walls of the building. The interjoists are pieces of insulating material (eg polystyrene) or not (eg concrete), which are positioned in the spans formed by the beams. They have a soul whose longitudinal edges are provided with spoilers to rest on the heels of the beams. Thus positioned, beams and interjoists form a formwork on which can be cast the concrete slab. 10 30 2942252 -2

In order to limit the thermal bridges between the concrete slab and the adjacent walls, it is common to use insulating elements disposed at the periphery of the floor. As such, patent documents FR 2.830.553 (BDI and KNAUF) and FR 2.895.001 (RECTOR) disclose thermal interruption devices comprising a set of transverse and longitudinal insulating elements - thermal correctors - which are clean. to be located each in the thickness of the floor, before concrete pouring, between the floor and the adjacent walls, to reduce the thermal bridges between said floor and said walls.

Thermal interruption devices of the type described in the aforementioned patent documents require the use of specific heat correctors, generally obtained by molding. It is therefore necessary to have a specific mold for making interjoists, a specific mold for making the longitudinal thermal correctors, and a specific mold for manufacturing the transverse thermal correctors. This technical solution is therefore relatively complex and expensive to achieve. In addition, depending on the position of the floor in the building, it may not be necessary to provide transverse and / or longitudinal thermal correctors to the right of each wall. It is therefore necessary, before manufacturing the different floors of a building, to calculate the exact number of transversal and longitudinal thermal correctors. It is easy to understand that this calculation step can quickly become tedious.

In view of this state of affairs, the main technical problem that the invention aims to solve is to propose a formwork interjoists integrating, as soon as it is manufactured, elements used to form thermal correctors.

Disclosure of the invention. 2942252 -3

The solution proposed by the invention is a formwork interjoists comprising a core whose longitudinal edges are provided with spoilers. This intervous is remarkable in that the soul comprises, as soon as it is manufactured, cut-off and / or breakable elements configured to be arranged on said core so as to form thermal bridge correctors.

This technical solution makes it possible to dispense with the use of specific heat correctors, manufactured apart from interjoists: a single piece 10 now makes it possible to obtain directly not only the interjoists, but also the thermal bridge correctors. The use of this new type of interjoists is also relatively easy. Indeed, during the establishment of the formwork structure, as soon as a interjoists is positioned at the edge of a transverse wall, it detaches on this interjoin - or on another interjoin - one of the 15 parts cut and / or scored and re-arranged on its core so as to form a transverse thermal bridge corrector. Likewise, as soon as an interjoists is positioned at the base of a longitudinal wall, a detachable and / or breakable part is detached which is re-arranged on its core so as to form a longitudinal thermal bridge corrector. Patent documents EP 0.648.902 (DOTIN), WO 2008/087231 (TARRIAS) and DE 295.00.686 (EREGE) disclose, inter alia, formwork interiors comprising cut-off and / or breakable parts. However, none of these parts are used to form thermal bridge correctors.

Preferably, the core comprises, as soon as it is manufactured: at least one cutable and / or breakable transverse element configured to re-arrange at one of its transverse edges in order to form a transversal thermal bridge corrector, and or 2942252 -4

at least one cut-off and / or breakable element configured to re-arrange at one of its longitudinal edges in order to form a longitudinal thermal bridge corrector.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the core also comprises, as soon as it is manufactured, at least one cut-off and / or breakable element configured to re-arrange on the lower surface of said core in order to form a bank shutter.

In order to facilitate the formation and implementation of the transversal thermal bridge corrector, at least one of the transverse edges of the core is provided with a shoulder on which the transverse element can be supported to form the thermal bridge corrector. transverse.

To secure the holding in position of the transverse thermal bridge corrector, the transverse element comprises fixing means configured to cooperate with complementary fixing means disposed at the shoulder.

Preferably, the core comprises, as soon as it is manufactured, two transverse elements each disposed at one of its transverse ends, a transverse element comprising fastening means and the other transverse element comprising complementary fixing means. The fixing means of a first interjoists are able to cooperate with the complementary fastening means of a second interjoists when said two interjoists are put end to end. In this way, interjoists can easily fit into each other within a span.

In order to facilitate the formation and placement of the longitudinal thermal bridge corrector, the lower surface of the core is provided with cutaway and / or breakable protruding ribs to be positioned 2942252 -5

longitudinally on the upper surface of said core so as to form said corrector.

To secure the holding in position of the longitudinal thermal bridge corrector 5, the ribs protruding and / or breakable projections comprise fastening means configured to cooperate with complementary fastening means disposed on the upper surface of the core.

In order to facilitate the formation and placement of the edge shutter, the lower surface of the core is provided with cutaway and / or breakable protruding ribs for repositioning on said bottom surface to form a shutter. shore.

To secure the holding in position of the edge shutter, the ribs in cutable and / or breakable projections comprise fastening means configured to cooperate with complementary fixing means disposed on the lower surface of the core.

According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the upper part of the core has recesses in which the ribs can be located in cutable and / or breakable projections so that several interjoists can be stacked one above the other. . And advantageously, the ribs comprise fixing means configured to cooperate with complementary fastening means arranged in the recesses of another interjoists, so that interjoists can be keyed together when they are stacked one above others.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a concrete floor comprising a concrete slab set on a joists structure and interjoists intended to bear against the walls of a building, said structure being provided with interjoists in accordance with the preceding characteristics. Advantageously, the upper surface of the interjoists core comprises recesses intended to be filled with concrete during the pouring of the slab. This characteristic makes it possible to reduce the nominal thickness of the slab. Description of the figures.

Other advantages and features of the invention will appear better on reading the description of a preferred embodiment which will follow, with reference to the appended drawings, carried out as indicative and non-limiting examples and in which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view from above of a floor according to the invention; FIG. 2a is a diagrammatic perspective view of a interjoists according to the invention; FIG. 2b is a diagrammatic view of FIG. 3 is another schematic perspective view of the interjoists 20 of FIGS. 2a and 2b, showing the underside of said interjoists, FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the interjoists of FIG. perspective showing several interjunctions according to the invention stack on top of each other, - Figure 5 shows different steps for forming a transverse thermal bridge corrector, - Figure 6 shows different stages In FIG. 7, there are shown various steps for forming a longitudinal thermal bridge corrector. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the section along AA of the floor of FIG. of a transverse thermal bridge corrector, FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the BB section of the floor of FIG. 1, showing the positioning of a longitudinal thermal bridge corrector, FIG. vertical sectional view of a floor according to the invention and one of the spans has a false-spacing, - Figure 11 shows the various steps to obtain a interjoists intended to fill a span having a false-spacing .

Embodiments of the invention Referring to Figure 1, the interjoin 1 objects of the invention are used for the manufacture of a concrete floor of a building. This type of floor comprises a concrete slab D formed on a structure with beams 2 and interjoists 1. The beams 2 are arranged parallel to each other and at regular intervals, their ends resting on opposite transverse walls MT of the building. The beams 2 define spans which are filled by interjoists 1. These are positioned manually between two adjacent beams 2 and between the edge beams and the longitudinal walls ML. In this manner, a formwork is formed on which the concrete slab D can be cast.

Thermal bridge correctors (hereinafter referred to as "correctors") are available at the periphery of the floor in order to limit the thermal bridges between the concrete slab D and the walls MT, ML of the building. In practice, CT transverse correctors are provided for limiting the thermal bridges between the transverse walls MT and the concrete slab D and the longitudinal correctors CL to limit the thermal bridges between the longitudinal walls ML and said slab. Depending on the configuration of the building, it is possible to use only transverse CT markers or only CL longitudinal markers or transverse CT markers only 2942252 -8

at the level of some transverse walls or longitudinal correctors CL only at certain longitudinal walls. When the installation of the correctors is complete, it is possible to add a chaining (not shown) before the casting of the slab D. A formwork interjoists 1 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b and 3. It comprises a the core whose longitudinal edges are provided with spoilers 10 configured to bear against the beams 2. The central portion of the core has a rectangular cross section, 10 square, trapezoidal, or other. It can be full or contain cells. The interlayer 1 is preferably obtained by molding an insulating material of the expanded polystyrene type or its derivatives, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane foam, optionally combined with fibers to increase the mechanical strength, or any other material having insulating properties. similar and suitable to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, a single-cavity mold is used for the manufacture of interjoists 1, although, as explained later in the description, it is possible to use several impressions in order to optimize the performance of said interjoists.

The object 1 of the invention is remarkable in that the core comprises, as soon as it is manufactured, cut-off and / or divisible CT, CL elements configured to re-arrange on said core so as to form the transverse correctors. and / or longitudinal. The transversal and / or longitudinal correctors are therefore an integral part of interjoists 1. However, it is necessary to separate them from the rest of the interjoists 1 and to re-arrange them so that they can effectively perform their own function. In other words, the transverse and / or longitudinal correctors are, from the beginning, an integral part of the interjoists 1, but do not exert their primary function of limiting thermal bridges until after they have been disconnected and resolved. arranged on said interjoists. This configuration makes it possible to use interjoists 1 2942252 -9

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION, TO CHOOSE: EITHER AS A SIMPLE INTERIVE SHAPING, OR AS INTERVIEW FORMING CORRECTION.

The CT, CL elements for forming the correctors may be made of the same insulating material as the remainder of the interjoists 1 or in a different insulating material. In the latter case, it is possible to mold in a first imprint the central portion of the core, then to transfer this central portion in a second cavity in which the elements CT, CL are overmolded. It is also conceivable to use a single mold in which different insulating materials are injected. The elements CT, CL can be tinted in the mass so as to distinguish them more easily on the site.

In FIGS. 2a, 2b and 3, the dotted lines represent cutting lines and / or lines of smaller thickness making it possible to easily separate the elements CT, CL serving to form the correctors, from the remainder of interjoists 1. This separation can be done directly by hand or by means of a cutting tool such as a knife, saw, etc.

With reference to FIGS. 2a and 2b, the core of the interjoists 1 advantageously comprises, as soon as it is manufactured, at least one transverse element CT that can be cut and / or scored. This element CT is disposed at at least one transverse end of the interjoists 1, in the extension of the central part of the core. This transverse element CT has substantially the shape of a T 25 whose branches are in the extension of the support spoilers 10. In practice, a transverse element CT is disposed at each of the transverse ends of the interjoists 1. At least one transverse edges of the core is provided with a shoulder 11 on which can support the transverse element CT so as to form the transverse corrector. In order to simplify the design and use of the interjoists 1, each transverse edge of the web is provided with this shoulder 11. The latter is formed by the surface 2942252 - 10-

upper part of the transverse element RT, that is to say by the horizontal bar of the T in the embodiment of Figures 2a and 2b. The height of the transverse element CT is such that when positioned on the shoulder 11, said transverse element exceeds, in height, the upper surface of the core of the interjoists 5 1 on which it is positioned.

The steps leading to the formation of the transverse corrector are shown in FIG. 5. Firstly, a transverse element CT of a interstitial 1 is dissociated. It is possible to resize the transverse element CT to give it a adequate form. To form the transverse corrector, it is possible to position the transverse element CT on the shoulder 11 of the same interjoists (i.e. on the side still comprising a transverse element CT). However, and preferably, the transverse element CT of a first interjoists is positioned on the shoulder 11 of another complete intercom. The interjoists on which the transverse element CT is removed is used to fill the span.

With reference to FIG. 8, the transverse element CT protruding, in height, the upper surface of the core of interjoists 1 on which it is positioned, the concrete slab D will be cast so that it comes at the same level as said transverse element. In this way, the slab D is totally or partially isolated from the transverse walls MT which reduces the thermal bridges.

With reference to FIGS. 2a, 2b and 8, the transverse element CT comprises fastening means 12 configured to cooperate with complementary fixing means 13 arranged at the shoulder 11. In practice, the fastening means 12 are male (or female) elements arranged on the front face of the transverse element CT and the means 30 of complementary fastenings 13 are female housings (or males) able to receive said male elements (or females) and made in the part 2942252 -11-

core of the core, just above the shoulder 11. Other equivalent mechanical means of attachment may however be provided. It is also possible to thermally bond or weld the transverse element CT on the shoulder 11. According to the preferred embodiment shown in the appended figures, the core comprises, as soon as it is manufactured, two transverse elements CT each disposed at one of its transverse ends. Referring to Figure 2a, a first transverse element CT has fastening means 12 disposed on its front face. Referring to Figure 2b, the second transverse element CT comprises complementary fixing means 120 also disposed on its front face. In practice, the fastening means 12 are male elements and the complementary fastening means 120 are housings adapted to receive said male elements. In this way, when interjoists are placed end to end in a span, the male elements 12 of a interjoists are positioned in the housings 120 of a next interjoists, so that said interjoists fit into each other (Figure 8). This makes the formwork structure more compact and more resistant. With reference to FIG. 3, the core of the interjoists 1 may also comprise, as soon as it is manufactured, at least one clearable and / or breakable CL element configured to be re-arranged at one of the longitudinal edges of said core to form a longitudinal thermal bridge corrector. In practice, several CL elements are provided which materialize in the form of protruding ribs disposed on the lower surface of the core, in the width direction, said ribs being cutable and / or breakable. Depending on the dimensions of the interjoists 1, one can provide one or more ribs. The rib-shaped elements CL have a rectangular or square section 30 and are dimensioned so as not to encroach on the bearing surface 2942252 -12-

spoilers 10. The CL elements are also dimensioned so that, end-to-end, they are substantially the same length as the interjoists 1.

The steps leading to the formation of the longitudinal corrector 5 are shown in FIG. 7. The rib-like elements CL are first dissociated from a interjoists 1. In practice, it is often necessary to cut in the length direction the interjoin 1 to adapt to the width of the span between a longitudinal wall ML of a beam 2. To form the longitudinal thermal corrector, is then positioned longitudinally these 10 elements CL shaped ribs on the upper surface of the soul of the interjoists 1, that the latter is cut in the direction of the length or not. It may be necessary to resize the CL elements to fit the dimensions of the interjoists. It is also possible to recover CL elements from other interjoists and to resize them so as to cover the transverse elements CT to obtain a longitudinal corrector that covers the entire length of the interjoists. The height of the elements CL is such that when positioned on the upper surface of the core, said elements exceed, in height, said upper surface. Referring to FIG. 9, the concrete slab D may be cast so that it is flush with the CL elements. In this way, the slab D is totally or partially isolated from the longitudinal walls ML which reduces the thermal bridges.

Referring to the configuration of FIG. 7, it is possible to pass the steels of the concrete slab D between the elements CL. This solution will preferably be used in the case of constructions in seismic zones.

In the same way as described above, the elements CL may comprise fastening means 16 configured to cooperate with complementary securing means 170 disposed on the upper surface of the housing.

In practice, the fastening means 16 are male elements disposed on one of the faces of the elements CL and the complementary fastening means 170 are grooves formed over the entire width of the upper surface of the body. and able to receive said male elements. The presence of these grooves makes it possible to maintain the position of the elements CL on the upper surface of the core, irrespective of the possible cutting of the interjoists 1. It is also possible to bond or thermally weld the elements. CL on the upper surface of the core or on the upper surface of the spoilers 10. With reference to FIG. 3, to improve the mechanical strength of the interjoists, one (or more) central rib 14 is advantageously arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the soul, in the sense of the width. This central rib 14, similar to the other cutable and / or breakable ribs, has a rectangular or square section and is dimensioned so as not to encroach on the bearing surface of the spoilers 10.

When the interjoists rest on a wall of arase, one can observe a vacuum of a few centimeters which is formed between the lower surface of the soul and said wall. This appears more clearly with reference to FIG. 6: when an interjoists are placed on a base wall, said interjoists rest on the transverse elements CT and possibly on the central rib 14. There is therefore a gap, between the transverse elements CT and the central rib 14, through which the concrete can pass during the casting of the slab D. To remedy this, the soul of the interjoists 1 comprises, from its manufacture, at least one cut and / or breakable element configured to re-arrange on the lower surface of the core to form a bank shutter. In practice, and referring to FIG. 6, the rib-like elements CL described above are used, but are repositioned between the transverse elements CT and the central rib 14 so as to form the edge shutter. . In this way, the emptiness that forms 2942252 - 14 -

between the lower surface of the soul and the wall of arase is filled (Figure 9). After having been separated from the remainder of the interjoists 1, the elements CL may optionally be re-cut so that they can best fit between the transverse elements CT and the central rib 14. 5 Referring to FIGS. , 2b and 6, rib-shaped elements CL advantageously comprise fastening means 16 configured to cooperate with complementary fastening means 17 disposed on the lower surface of the core. In practice, the fastening means 16 are male elements disposed on one of the faces of the elements CL and the complementary fastening means 17 are grooves formed over the entire width of the lower surface of the core and able to receive said elements. males. The presence of these grooves makes it possible to maintain the position of the elements CL on the inner surface of the core, irrespective of the possible cutting of the interjoists 1. Other equivalent mechanical fastening means may however be provided. It is also possible to bond or heat weld CL elements on the inner surface of the core.

Referring to Figures 2a, 2b and 4, the upper portion of the core 20 has recesses 19 in which can be housed the ribs protruding and / or breakable protrusions so that several interjoists 1 can be stacked one to- above others. In practice, the recesses 19 have a shape complementary to the elements CL and possibly the central rib 14 if the latter is present. When the rib-shaped elements CL comprise fastening means 16, the latter are configured to cooperate with complementary fixing means 190 arranged in the recesses 19 of another interjoists, so that several interjoists can be keyed together. when stacked one above the other. Thus, the different interjoists are not likely to slip when they are stacked and handled. 2942252 -15-

In addition, when the slab D is poured on the interjoists 1, the concrete is housed in the recesses 19. It is thus possible to reduce the nominal thickness of the slab D, the concrete poured into the recesses 19 forming ribs or grooves of concrete increasing the mechanical properties of said slab. For example, a conventional slab having a constant thickness of about 50 mm can be passed to a ribbed D-slab having an average thickness of about 40 mm, while retaining the same mechanical properties. This provision therefore leads to a lower consumption of concrete. With reference to FIGS. 2a, 2b and 6, the rib-shaped elements CL advantageously comprise fastening means 16 configured to cooperate with complementary fixing means 17 arranged on the lower surface of the core. In practice, the fastening means 16 are male elements disposed on one of the faces of the elements CL and the complementary fastening means 17 are grooves formed over the entire width of the lower surface of the core and able to receive said elements. males. The presence of these grooves makes it possible to maintain the position of the elements CL on the inner surface of the core, irrespective of the possible cutting of the interjoists 1. Other equivalent mechanical fastening means may however be provided. It is also possible to bond or heat weld CL elements on the inner surface of the core.

The specific configuration of the lower surface of the interjoin core 1, namely the presence of the transverse elements CT at each of the transverse ends of the core and / or the presence of the rib-like elements CL and / or the presence of the central rib 14 also makes it easy to handle said interjoists. Indeed, it is thus possible to use a handling machine of the pallet truck type whose fork can be housed under the lower surface of the core, between the transverse elements CT and / or between the elements CL and / or from and other of the central rib 14. Referring to Figure 10, it is possible that the spans delimited by the beams 2 do not have the same spacing. For example, one of the spans may have a spacing e less than the center distance d of other spans. This is referred to as false-spacing and it is necessary to resize interjoists to fit the spans having a false-spacing. With the interjoists of the prior art, it is first necessary to cut in the direction of the length interjoists so that they have a width adapted to the center distance of the span. We must then cut back support surfaces along the entire length of interjoists. This last operation is particularly tedious when the interjoists are full, a large amount of material to be removed to replenish the support. With the interjacent object of the invention, this operation is much easier to achieve. Indeed, with reference to Figure 11, it is sufficient to cut small rectangles of material in the transverse elements CT, and possibly in the central rib 14 and CL elements, so as to reform the bearing surfaces.

Claims (15)

Revendications1. Casing interiors comprising a core whose longitudinal edges are provided with spoilers of supports (10), characterized in that the soul comprises, as soon as it is manufactured, cut and / or breakable elements (CT, CL) configured to re-arranging on said core so as to form thermal bridge correctors. 2. interjoists according to claim 1, wherein the core comprises, from its manufacture, at least one transverse element (CT) cut and / or breakable configured to re-arrange at one of its transverse edges to form a transversal thermal bridge corrector. 3. interjoists according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the core comprises, from its manufacture, at least one element (CL) cut and / or breakable configured to re-arrange at one of its longitudinal edges so to form a longitudinal thermal bridge corrector. 4. Entrevous according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the soul comprises, from its manufacture, at least one element (CL) cut and / or breakable configured to re-arrange on the lower surface of the soul to form a bank shutter. 5. Interlocks according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the transverse edges of the core is provided with a shoulder (11) on which can bear the transverse element (CT) to form the transverse thermal bridge corrector. 2942252 -18- 6. Interlocks according to claim 5, wherein the transverse element (CT) comprises fastening means (12) configured to cooperate with complementary fixing means (13) arranged at the shoulder (11). 5 7. interjoists according to one of claims 2, 5 or 6, wherein the core comprises, from its manufacture, two transverse elements (CT) each disposed at one of its transverse ends, a transverse element comprising means for fixation (12) and the other transverse element comprising complementary fastening means (120), the fastening means (12) of a first interjoists being able to cooperate with the complementary fastening means (120) of a second interjoin when the two said interjoists are put end to end. 15 8. Interlocks according to claim 3, wherein the lower surface of the core is provided with ribs (CL) cutable and / or breakable projections intended to be positioned longitudinally on the upper surface of said core so as to form the corrector of longitudinal thermal bridge. 20 9. Interlocks according to claim 8, wherein the ribs (CL) cutable and / or breakable projections comprise fastening means (16) configured to cooperate with complementary fastening means (170) disposed on the upper surface of the soul. 10. Interlocks according to claim 4, wherein the lower surface of the core is provided with ribs (CL) in cutable and / or breakable protrusions for repositioning on said lower surface so as to form a edge shutter. 25 30 2942252 -19- 11. Interlocks according to claim 10, wherein the ribs (CL) cutable and / or breakable projections comprise fastening means (16) configured to cooperate with complementary fastening means (17) arranged on the lower surface of the soul. 5 12. Entrevous according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the upper part of the core has recesses (19) in which can be housed the ribs (CL) protruding projections and / or breakable so that several interjoists (1) can be stacked one above the other. 13. Interlocks according to claim 12, wherein the ribs (CL) comprise fixing means (16) configured to cooperate with complementary fixing means (190) arranged in the recesses (19) of another interjoists, so that several interjoists (1) can be keyed together when they are stacked one above the other. 14. Concrete floor comprising a concrete slab (D) formed on a joists structure (2) and interjoists (1) intended to bear against the walls (MT, ML) of a building, characterized by the fact that said structure is provided with interjoists (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10. 25 15. Floor according to claim 14, wherein the upper surface of the interjoists core (1) has recesses (19) for filling with concrete during the casting of the slab (D).