FR2861119A1 - Iron work structure unit e.g. door, fabricating method for e.g. veranda, involves connecting inner and outer parts of structure unit by weld points that are spaced and dimensioned to arrange longitudinal slits between parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves connecting an inner part (3) of an iron work structure unit (1) forming the inner side of the structure and an outer part (2) of the iron work structure unit forming the outer side of the structure, by weld points (4). The weld points are spaced and dimensioned so as to arrange longitudinal slits (5) between the inner part and the outer part. An independent claim is also included for a iron work structure unit for constructions.

Description

2861119 1

  The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing ironwork structural elements for construction. The method according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate the thermal bridges that can form between the outside and the inside of the structure. The invention also relates to the elements for ironwork structure obtained by implementing the method according to the invention, as well as the structures obtained by assembling such elements.

  The ironwork structures to which the invention applies may for example be exterior joinery, zo door frames or windows. It can also be three-dimensional structures constituting a complete metal reinforcement for the construction.

  The preferred field of application of the invention is the manufacture of structures for glazed constructions such as winter gardens or verandahs. The invention can however be applied to the manufacture of basic structures for any other type of construction for which it may be desired to integrate a metal frame.

  In order to explain the principle of the invention, the most widespread case of producing ironwork structures, that is to say the base metal of which is iron, is placed here. The invention thus applies to ferrous materials, in particular iron and stainless steel. It also applies to all other types of metals for which welding treatment is possible.

  When building a conservatory-style building, one begins by making an aerated three-dimensional structure, which serves as a basic skeleton for the building. This structure is conventionally constituted by assembling individual elements which are standard profiles available commercially. Then, by conventional methods, insulating panels of the type glazing panels or any other material between the elements of the structure are fixed. The whole constitutes the walls of the construction.

  In modern type constructions, a material commonly used for the constitution of the structure is aluminum.

  However, when it comes to reconstructing old buildings, or building new buildings to which one wishes to give an old or even modern aspect, one uses the more traditional material that is iron.

  This is also the case when it is desired to obtain a structure of considerable strength, or of great resistance over time, or when, for reasons of aesthetics, it is desired to have a structure which is not not consisting of rectilinear amounts, but which includes curved pieces. The pieces of iron can indeed be bent.

  The main disadvantage of iron-based structures is due to the good thermal conductivity of this material. Indeed, we observe for such structures the formation of thermal bridges between the outer face of the structure and its inner face.

  The inner face of the structure is here and in the remainder of the present description defined as being inside the final construction, that is to say in contact with the interior volume of this construction, and its outer face is defined as being outside the building, that is to say that it is in contact with the outside air, and therefore subject to climatic conditions.

  The result of this formation of thermal bridges thermal insulation problems of the construction based on such structures. This is particularly crucial during the winter, since it is then necessary to heat the building a lot so that it can be used as a living space. This can also cause problems in case the weather is very hot. Indeed, the inner face of the structure then tends to rise in temperature, which can be unpleasant or even inconvenient for people who are inside the building.

  Solutions have been proposed to break the thermal bridges in such structures, providing spaces to allow air circulation between the outer face of the structure and its inner face. US Pat. No. 4,742,665 proposes in particular a solution consisting in fixing spacers between metal elements forming an outer face of the structure, and other identical-shaped metal elements forming an inner face of this structure. The attachment is made in particular by means of screws and nuts. This solution has various disadvantages, in particular to impose the use of a double structure, including an identical inner structure and outer structure. A double amount of material is needed, which has the effect of adding weight to the construction and increasing the cost.

  Another disadvantage of this solution is that it requires many additional assembly operations, since it is necessary on the one hand to assemble twice as many structural elements as in the case of a normal single structure, and on the other hand to fix a multitude of spacers to obtain a break of the thermal bridges over the whole of the structure. Moreover, the resulting attachment points are of relatively large size, resulting in a failure of thermal bridges inefficient.

  The invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of existing solutions for breaking thermal bridges, especially those which have been exposed above. It thus proposes a method of manufacturing iron-based structural elements which ensures an effective breaking of the thermal bridges, and which has the particular advantage of being easy to implement from the basic profiles currently available in trade.

  According to the invention, there is connected an inner part of the element, which is intended to form an inner face of the structure, and an outer part of the element, which is intended to form an outer face, by points of which are spaced and dimensioned so as to provide longitudinal slots between the inner portion and the outer portion. The longitudinal slots thus created on the element advantageously make it possible to break the thermal bridges between the part of the element located towards the interior of the final construction, and its part situated outwards, which is in contact with the atmosphere exterior.

  The two parts of the element are advantageously chosen from the profiles which are currently commercially available, and which, being connected to one another by welding, constitute a complete element of the structure.

  The element to which the invention applies may be any profile conventionally used for the manufacture of ironwork structures, such as a T-shaped or U-shaped, an angle, a chêneau, a support pole, etc. , or any profile called "cold", which consists of a sheet folded into different shapes.

  The welding operation is simple and easy to perform. Advantageously, recent welding techniques are used, which make it possible to obtain precise weld points that do not protrude from the parts, and which occupy the entire thickness of the two welded parts. This gives an element that has a regular surface and great strength, and is equally suitable for the realization of a structure for construction that a traditional simple structure element. It is also superior to such a traditional element because of its breaking properties of thermal bridges.

  The method that is the subject of the invention offers, in particular, the advantage of providing elements having shapes that are as simple as the elements conventionally used. The elements obtained from the process according to the invention can be assembled easily to form the structure. They require for their assembly no more operations than to assemble a structure from conventional elements having no break thermal bridges.

  According to preferred embodiments in industrial practice, the invention has the following characteristics, implemented separately or in each of their technically operative combinations.

  According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the weld points have a width, which corresponds to the distance between the two welded parts, of between 2 and 8 mm, preferably of about 3 mm, and a length of between 3 and 10 mm, preferably about 5 mm.

  The very small size of these weld points, which constitute the only points of contact between the inner part of the element and its outer part, therefore the only points by which direct thermal transfer can occur between these two parts, advantageously ensures that the breaking of thermal bridges is as effective as possible.

  In combination with this feature, in preferred embodiments of the invention, the solder points are spaced from each other by 20 to 80 cm, preferably about 50 cm.

  Such spacing further decreases the contact area between the inner portion and the outer portion of the member, while maintaining a strength for the member that is sufficient for use in forming a structure of the member. base of a construction meeting all the usual safety standards.

  According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the longitudinal slots formed on the element are closed by a seal made of a material which is thermally insulating. This feature is particularly advantageous in the case of slots that will be visible once the complete construction is complete. The fact that the material used to seal the slots is a thermal insulator ensures that no heat transfer can take place at this level.

  According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, when the element is intended to hold in place an insulating panel of the construction, the slots are formed on this element so as to be disposed inside the construction relative in the plane of the insulation board. This results in an efficient breaking of the thermal bridges throughout the construction, whose thermal insulation properties are improved by the fact that the inner part of the element is not in contact with any wall element of the structure. the construction lo that can be the origin of a heat transfer, even weak, between the outside and the interior volume of the construction. The rupture zone of the thermal bridges is at the boundary between the interior volume of the building and the wall elements constituted by the insulating panels.

  In preferred embodiments, the invention advantageously provides that the longitudinal slots are positioned in the walls of the construction at an insulating material of these walls, so that the inner part of the element and its part both of which are never in contact with the same part of the final construction which is thermally conductive. This avoids any thermal transfer by a circuitous path between the two parts of the element.

  Thus, the longitudinal slots are preferably arranged so as to be at the inner boundary of the insulating panel, in alignment with a panel-to-member seal which is made of a thermally insulating material.

  However, depending on the case, and depending on the insulation panels used, and in particular their thickness, it may be advantageous, when the element is intended to keep in place an insulating panel of the construction, to spare the slots on the element so that they are arranged in alignment with an insulating layer constituting the insulating panel in the final construction.

  According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the structure comprises a set of oaks consisting of a lower chêneau associated with a higher chêneau. The structural element that is the lower chêneau is formed of two parts connected to each other by welding points according to the invention so as to provide between these two parts longitudinal slots. In this case, in order to prevent water from being inserted through these slots, it is particularly advantageous to close them by means of a seal made of a material which is thermally insulating. The upper hoist does not have such longitudinal slots.

  The invention further relates to an ironwork structural element which is obtained by the method it proposes.

  It also relates to an ironwork structure for construction constituted by assembling such elements.

  According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the longitudinal slots provided on each of the elements constituting the structure are all at the same distance from an inner face of this structure. This results in a break of the thermal bridges homogeneous throughout the entire structure.

  The invention will now be more completely described in the context of preferred features and their advantages, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, in which: FIG. 1 represents a general view of a structural element according to the invention; constituted by a profile en.T fixed to a flat by welding points; FIG. 2 illustrates in general view the element of FIG. 1 on which a double glazing panel is fixed; - Figure 3 shows a sectional view of a portion of a construction made from a structure according to the invention; FIG. 4 shows a front view of a construction made from a structure according to the invention; - Figure 5 shows a view along section A-A of the construction of Figure 4; and FIG. 6 shows a view along section B-B of the construction of FIG. 4.

  FIG. 1 shows an element 1 of a glazed structure, for example a veranda, manufactured according to the method according to the invention. Like all other elements of the structure, this element is composed of commercially available profiles made of an iron-based material that can be easily treated by welding. This is in the present case a T-section 2 and a flat 3. The T 2 head is intended to form an outer face of the final structure. The plate 3 is intended to form an inner face by its edge.

  The T-section 2 and the plate 3 are connected to each other by several welding points 4, so that the plate 3 extends the tail of the T 2, as shown in the figure. The welding points are spaced apart and dimensioned so that a series of longitudinal slots 5 is formed between the T-section 2 and the plate 3. The presence of these slots makes it possible to break any heat transfer between the profile. T 2 and flat 3. The solder points are sized to have a width of about 3 mm and a length of about 5 mm. They are spaced from each other by a distance of between 30 and 60 cm. Thus, quite advantageously, the points of contact between the T-section 2 and the plate 3 are very small. This makes it possible to obtain an effective breaking of the thermal bridges between the T-section and the flat, and therefore between the inner face and the outer face of the structure at the level of this element 1.

  In preferred embodiments of the invention, the slots 5, at least all of which are visible in the final construction, are closed by a seal made of a material which is thermally insulating. It may be in particular a seal of silicone or polyurethane.

  A glazing panel 6 is fixed on the element 1 as is usual on a conventional T-section. For this purpose, a windscreen 7 is fixed against the plate 3, as shown in FIG. 2. This attachment is conventionally made by screwing or riveting.

  The glazing panel 6 is then inserted between the head of the T-section 2 and the windscreen 7. It is fixed to each of these two parts by means of a gasket 8 made of a thermally insulating material.

  In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the glazing panel 6 is a double-glazing unit, composed of a clear glass 10 and a laminated glass 11 (having two glass layers separated by a film), which are kept at a distance from each other by spacers 12, such that an insulating air layer 13 is formed between the two glasses.

  A silicone bead or a preformed gasket 9 deposited at the end of each gasket 8, on the glazing side, seals the fastener.

  The method according to the invention applies in the same way for the constitution of profiles of all other shapes, for example to U-shaped profiles, angles, or also to cold profiles that are metal sheets which have been given a shape. T or U for example.

  In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the element 1 is constituted such that, once the glazing panel 6 is in place, the longitudinal slots 5 are arranged in alignment with the gasket 8 located on the side 7. Thus, quite advantageously, the thermal break is effected on the inner side of the final construction with respect to the glazing panel. In this case, this result is obtained by using a flat 3 of width less than that of the tail of the T-section 2. The flat 3 is for example two times smaller than the tail of the T-section 2.

  It is also advantageous to ensure, as proposed by the invention, that the slots 5 are disposed at an insulating material such as that constituting the gasket 8, to ensure that no heat transfer between the T-section 2 and the plate 3 can not be made through this material.

  In some cases, this position of the slots inside the structure is not necessarily respected. This is the case for example if one wants to play on the external aesthetic appearance of the structure, using T-pieces having a thin head. This is also the case if the glazing that one wishes to use is very thick, which happens for example when one wants to obtain a very good thermal insulation.

  When it is desired to integrate very thick glazing panels into the structure, it is necessary to use very wide basic elements. One solution for this may be to choose a T-shaped tail section of large size. However, if one uses, as advantageously allows the invention, only commercially available parts, such a T then necessarily also has a large head part. But this head part of the T is the one that constitutes the outer face of the final structure. The metal part which is visible from outside the ls construction is then important, which is disadvantageous both from the point of view of the aesthetics as the weight of the structure. In order to obtain a final structure which is both pleasing to the eye and light, a small T-profile and a wide flat are used. The longitudinal slots 5 are not then at the joint 8.

  The rupture of the thermal bridges however remains always effective, and all the more so if we then design the element 1 so that the slots 5 are arranged in alignment with the insulating air layer 13.

  Another advantageous solution in this case may be to use a small T and not one, but two, or even more, flat also small. A first plate is then fixed to the T-piece by welding points according to the invention, then a second flat is fixed to the first flat, also by welding spots according to the invention, etc. This gives several series of thermal break slots for the same end element. This ensures advantageously that the structure of the element obtained will be such that a series of longitudinal slots 5 will be in the space inside the construction relative to the insulating panels.

  FIG. 3 shows a part of an end of a structure manufactured according to the invention, in which two metal elements have been used, of which an element 1 composed of a T-section 2 and a flat 3, and an element 14 composed of an angle 15 and a flat 16.

  Slots 5 are respectively formed, by welding at different points 4, between the parts 2 and 3, and 15 and 16. These slots break the heat transfer between these parts. Advantageously, the elements 1 and 14 are dimensioned so that the slots 5 they carry are all at the same distance from the inner face 18 of the final structure.

  As has been described for FIG. 2, glazing panels 6 are fastened to elements 1 and 14, by means of close baffles 7, joints 8 and silicone beads or preformed joints 9.

  In Figure 4 is shown in front view a construction made from a structure manufactured with elements according to the invention.

  This construction is composed of a front portion 19 and 20 of a roof portion 20, which are separated in a conventional manner by a set of oaks 21.

  The facade 19 is composed of several facade frames 22, which are of different shapes and sizes according to the aesthetic aspect that is to be given to the construction, and which are formed by assembly of elements according to the invention. Fixing the elements to each other is performed in conventional manner, by welding, screwing or riveting.

  The glazing panels 6 are arranged inside these frames. Posts of structure 23 are arranged at regular intervals 30 between some of the facade frames 22.

  The roof 20 is also, in the context of a veranda, composed of roof frames 24 between which the glazing panels 6 are fixed. In other types of constructions, the roof may also be made of zinc, copper or any other roofing material.

  The roof carriers 25 are fixed, for example by rivets 26, to the set of oaks 21, as illustrated in FIG.

  The set of dogs 21 consists of a lower hoist 27 and an upper hoist 28 which are kept spaced from one another by wedges 29, so that there is a space between them. air 30. This space increases the thermal insulation properties of the structure. The upper chime 28 is made of small sheet metal or zinc, such as those conventionally used.

  This embodiment of the party of oaks is however not restrictive of the invention, and any other embodiment also falls within the scope of the invention.

  The lower chêneau 27 is made in two parts which are interconnected by welding points 4 according to the invention. The slots 5 which are thus formed are closed by a seal which is thermally insulating. This seal makes it possible to prevent water, in particular the water resulting from the condensation forming between the two oaks 27 and 28, from flowing through the slots 5.

  Advantageously, the slots 5 formed on the lower chêneau 27 are located in line with the slots 5 formed on the elements constituting the facade frames 22. The rupture of the thermal bridges is thus homogeneous over the entire structure.

  The posts 23 are hollow, to ensure the evacuation of water collected in the oaks. The upper hoist 28 communicates with the inside of the posts 23 via hollow sleeves 31. The lower hoist 27 communicates meanwhile with the posts 23 by means of the hollow sleeves which are not shown in the figure, according to to the usual construction techniques.

  Under the set of oaks are facade frames 22, which are fixed to the posts 23 by means of plots 32. These facade frames consist of a set of elements according to the invention assembled as it has previously described, in particular a U-shaped element 33 obtained by assembling two parts by welding points 4, an element obtained by assembling an angle 15 and a plate 16, and an element obtained by assembling a profile T 2 and a dish 3.

  In accordance with the invention, the longitudinal slots 5 are all located plumb with each other, so that they are all at the same distance from the inner face 18 of the structure. They are also located at the inner limit of the glazing panel 6. The latter is fixed in a conventional manner between the elements of the structure by means of baffles 7. For the sake of clarity of the figure, the panel mounting elements glazing, which have been described in more detail in commentary of Figure 2, have not been shown.

  Each post 23 also consists of two parts, as shown in Figure 6. These two parts are interconnected by welding points 4, so as to provide longitudinal slots 5 over the entire height of the post. Most advantageously, the weld points 4 of the post 23 are aligned with the solder points of the other elements.

  An ironwork structure is thus obtained in which all the constituent elements have a break in the thermal bridges that form between the exterior and the interior of the construction.

  The individual elements are manufactured by welding commercially available parts, and they are of simple structure, so that their assembly is fast, and the construction costs are reduced. This advantageously results in a reduction in the manufacturing cost of the structure of approximately 10 to 15% with respect to the cost of the thermal bridge breaking constructions proposed by the prior art.

  2861119 14 The construction based on such a structure will have, in connection with the insulating capacity of the panels mounted between the elements of the structure, very good thermal insulation properties.

  The foregoing description clearly explains how the invention achieves the goals it has set for itself. In particular, it proposes a method of manufacturing elements for ironwork structure that provides an effective rupture of the thermal bridges at these elements. The assembly of these elements to obtain a complete structure is simple and easy to implement, and it does not require more assembly steps than in the case of a conventional structure.

  Nevertheless, it is apparent from the foregoing that the invention is not limited to the embodiments that have been specifically described and shown in the figures and that, on the contrary, it extends to any variant passing through equivalent means. .

2861119 15

Claims (10)

  1. A method of manufacturing structural ironwork member for construction, characterized in that connects an inner portion of said element intended to form an inner face of said structure, and an outer portion of said element intended to form a face outer, by weld points (4) which are spaced and dimensioned so as to provide longitudinal slots (5) between said inner portion and said outer portion.   l0 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said weld points (4) have a width, which corresponds to the distance between said two welded parts, between 2 and 8 mm, preferably about 3 mm, and a length of between 3 and 10 mm, preferably about 5 mm.   3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said solder points (4) are spaced apart from each other by 20 to 80 cm, preferably about 50 cm.   4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said slots (5) are closed by a seal made of a material which is thermally insulating.   5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said element is intended to hold in place an insulating panel (6) of said construction, and in that said slots (5) are provided on said element so as to be disposed within said construction with respect to the plane of said insulating panel (6).   2861119 16 6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said element is intended to maintain in place an insulating panel (6) of said construction, and in that said slots (5) are provided on said element so as to be arranged in alignment with an insulating layer (13) constituting said insulating panel (6) in said construction.   7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said element is a lower chêneau (27) whose longitudinal slots (5) are closed by a seal io made of a material which is thermally insulating, and in that it is associated with an upper hoist (28) having no longitudinal slots (5).   8. Ironwork structural element for constructions, characterized in that it is obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   9. Structure of ironwork for buildings, characterized in that it is constituted by assembly of elements obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   '10. Structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the longitudinal slots (5) formed on each of said elements are all at the same distance from an inner face (18) of said structure.