FR2703093A3 - Combined supports of ducts and brackets in a reinforced concrete slab - Google Patents

Abstract

The combined supports (1) intended to ensure the positioning of ducts (5) and brackets (6) are characterised in that they consist of monobloc components, and in that each monobloc component comprises three superposed parts, each having its own function, the lower part (2) ensuring the vertical positioning of the said support (1), the middle part (3a) of the said support (1) ensuring the positioning of the said bracket (6), the upper part (3c) of the said support (1) ensuring the positioning of at least one said duct (5) above the said middle part (3a).

Description

COMBINED SUPPORTS OF PIPING AND REINFORCEMENT IN A
SLAB IN BRETON WEAPON
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of building, and more particularly that of the manufacture of slabs incorporating pipes ensuring in particular a function of underfloor heating.

PRIOR ART AND PROBLEM POSED
The manufacture of a thermally insulated slab generally comprises two stages - first of all a so-called "load-bearing" slab, typically 100 mm thick, made of reinforced concrete intended to withstand most of the mechanical stresses directly applied or transmitted by the rest of the building, - on this "supporting" slab, a layer of insulating material, typically expanded polystyrene, at least 40 mm thick, is placed and a so-called "floating" slab is poured after placing on the layer of material insulating a reinforcing metal reinforcement intended in part to avoid cracking of the "floating" slab.

In the case of the manufacture of a floor heating floor, the pipes, typically serpentine, to ensure the circulation of hot water are embedded in the "floating" floor and are therefore preferably placed on the metal reinforcement before pouring the concrete of the floating slab11.

It is not advisable to manufacture the heating slab simply by successively placing a wire mesh on the insulating layer, then the pipe in a serpentine. In fact, it is important, on the one hand, that there is no contact between the metal reinforcement, in the form of an iron alloy lattice generally, and the copper alloy pipe, and this, in particular to avoid the risks of galvanic corrosion, and on the other hand that each of the metallic elements (trellis and pipe) is at a predetermined height in the thickness of the "floating" slab, both to ensure a satisfactory mechanical reinforcement effect as regards the trellis, and to ensure an efficient heat transmission as regards the pipeline, thanks to a good coating of the pipeline with concrete.

The supports described in patent EP-174670 are already known, but they are relatively expensive.

As it is also evident that the problem of positioning the metal reinforcement (or trellis) and the pipeline only arises during the brief period when the concrete is still fluid, and does not arise at all once the concrete has set, the Applicant has therefore sought a means that is both economical and capable of facilitating the positioning of the reinforcement and of the pipe before casting the "floating" slab, and has therefore developed supports which simultaneously satisfy these two requirements.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention, the combined supports of pipes and metallic reinforcements in a reinforced concrete slab called "floating", intended to ensure, before the casting of said slab, the positioning of said metallic pipes and reinforcements on a slab called "bearing"", are characterized in that, said supports consist of one-piece parts, and in that each said one-piece piece comprises three superposed parts each having its own function, the lower part of said support comprising means for ensuring the vertical positioning of said support by resting on said "supporting" slab, the middle part of said support comprising means for ensuring the positioning of said frame above said bottom part and in at least one chosen direction, the upper part of said support comprising means for ensuring the positioning of at least one said pipe above said middle part, and according to the same said chosen direction.

By monobloc piece, we mean a support of a single piece, therefore not comprising moving parts or assembly of parts.

The invention will be better understood by considering the figures which represent the supports according to the invention, and more particularly figures la to lc, 2a to 2c and figure 3.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
All the figures represent combined supports (1) according to the invention.

Figures la to 1c show the same support according to the invention
Figure la is a sectional view along a vertical plane showing the three parts of the support (1): the lower part formed by the base (2), the two jaws (3) with differentiated spacing forming the groove (4), a part of these jaws (3a) between the heights Ha and Hc forming the middle part of the support, which delimits the lower part (4a) of the groove (4), intended to position a frame (6), part of these jaws (3c) for H> Hc forming the upper part of the support, which delimits the upper part (4c) of the groove (4), intended to position a pipe (5).

Figure 1b is a side view along a vertical plane (90 "from Figure la).

Figure 1c is a top view.

Figures 2a to 2c are similar to Figures la to lc and are distinguished by the fact that the support of Figures 2a to 2c further comprises a groove (40), perpendicular to the groove (4) of Figures la to lc.

FIG. 3 represents in section on a vertical plane two supports (1) of the type of those of FIG. 2a to 2c in place on an insulating layer (7) covering a "carrier" slab not shown, ensuring the positioning of pipes (5 ) and 90 "reinforcements (6, 60) in the form of a trellis.

FIGS. 4a to 4d illustrate different methods intended to facilitate the fixing of the supports on the "carrier" slab or on the insulating layer (7) which generally covers it
Figure 4a shows a base support (2) pierced with a hole (8) so that it can be fixed with a screw or a point.

FIG. 4b represents a support with a base (2) provided with an adhesive layer (11) protected by a layer of paper or peelable film (12).

FIG. 4c represents a support with a base (2) provided with a tapered angular portion (9) which can easily penetrate into an insulating layer.

FIG. 4d represents a base support (2), obtained by molding, provided with a screw (10).

Figure 5a shows, in section along the vertical plane, a support (1) whose upper part (3c) allows the positioning of 3 pipes.

FIG. 5b represents, in section along the vertical plane, a support (1) comprising on the one hand a constriction (14) between the upper part (4c) and the lower part (4a) of the groove (4) so as to "clip" the 90 "armatures (6, 60) in the form of a lattice, and on the other hand a horizontal base (13) partially hollowed out in its central part.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the combined supports according to the invention, said monobloc piece (1) is constituted by a base (2) with a horizontal base (13), forming said low part of height Ha, surmounted by two jaws (3) forming between them a groove vertical (4) oriented in said direction and spaced apart
E, between said jaws (3), differentiated according to the height
H with respect to said base plane (13) taken as a reference plane, the spacing Ea of the jaws of said middle part (3a) of height H between Ha and Hc, being less than the spacing Ec of the jaws of said part high (3c) in height H> Hc.

The heights H, Ha, Hc designate distances from the base plane (13).

More specifically, said spacing Ea of said central portion (3a) is greater than the diameter of said frame (6) and less than the diameter of said pipe (5), so that, in general, the portion lower (4a) of the groove (4) can receive and contain only a metal frame (6) and not a pipe (5) of generally much larger diameter, the upper part (4c) of the groove (4) being d Ec spacing suitable for retaining a pipe (5) but however too high to be able to retain a frame (6).

The metal frame (6) can therefore be simply placed in the lower part (4a) of the groove without any particular effort since its spacing Ea is most often slightly greater than the diameter of the frame (6).

On the other hand, if it is desired to link the supports (1) more with the frame (6) and the pipes (5), it is advantageous that said jaws (3) are flexible enough to be able to be moved perpendicular to said chosen direction during manual snap-fitting (also called clipping) of said pipe (5) between the jaw portions of said upper part (3c), and / or of said frame (6) between the jaw portions of said middle part (3a ). A pinching effect is thus obtained which is sufficient to maintain the reinforcement and the pipes in the desired position, before casting the "floating" slab.

In this case, it is preferable for each portion of the jaws of said upper part (3c) to form at least one circular arc having substantially the same radius as that of the pipe (s) to be positioned, so that the portion of said groove (4c) located between the two portions of jaws of said upper part (3c) forms at least one circular space with neighboring section and adapted to the section of the pipe (s) to be positioned.

In practice, a slight pinching effect of the pipe (s) is sought by taking a maximum initial spacing (Ec) slightly less than the diameter of the pipes (5).

In the simplest version of the support (1) according to the invention, each portion of the jaws of said upper part (4c) forms an arc of circle having substantially the same radius as that of the pipe to be positioned, so as to position a single pipe (5).

However, it is possible to place several pipes spaced apart from one another with a support (1) as shown in FIG. 5a in the case of 3 pipes.

On the other hand, in general, it is not necessary to have to position several reinforcements one above the other, because a single reinforcement (or trellis) is sufficient to fulfill the desired function.

If one wants to block in the horizontal plane the frame (6) in the form of a wire mesh with strands welded to 90, one chooses preferably a monobloc piece also comprising a secondary vertical groove (40), of width at less equal to the diameter of said frame, formed in said jaws and oriented perpendicular to said groove (4), the bottom of which is at a height H close to Ha, so as to be able to position a trellis or two frames crossed at 90, as shown in Figure 3.

Similarly, as illustrated in FIG. 5b, the jaw (3) can be endowed with a constriction (14) formed by small bulges situated between the upper part (4c) of the groove (4) and the lower part (4a ) of the groove (4), which makes it possible, by clipping the armature, to avoid any risk of the armature rising in the case of an armature or a lattice of poor flatness.

 I1 is advantageous to provide the supports (1), and more particularly said base (2) forming said lower part, complementary means, in addition to a horizontal base (13) generally flat or possibly hollowed out as shown in FIG. 5b, intended to facilitate the vertical positioning of said piece in one piece on said slab "porteusen.

As said complementary means, it is possible to provide said base either with a pointed part (see FIGS. 4a, 4c 4d) intended to penetrate into said "carrier" slab, or with an adhesive layer (11) - see FIG. 4b - intended for adhere to the surface of said "supporting" slab, said "supporting" slab preferably comprising a layer of insulating material (7) into which said pointed part (9, 10) can be inserted manually, or on which said manual can be glued base (2) thanks to said adhesive layer (11).

To obtain economical supports, said monoblock parts are obtained by molding or extrusion-extrusion of profiles and cutting of materials chosen from metal alloys, plastics, preferably economic plastics chosen from polyolefins or plastics to be recycled.

We can also manufacture, by machining, wooden supports with flexible jaws or not, depending on the type of wood used and the thickness of the jaws.

The most economical supports are those obtained by spinning profiles of recycling material with a spinning press (section of the profile shown in Figures la, 2a ...).

By simple cutting, one obtains the supports like those of FIGS. 1 to 1 and comprising a single groove (4).

By double cutting, the secondary groove (40) is formed (parallel to the cutting plane) at the same time as the section is cut.

This profile may have a tapered portion as shown in Figure 4c.

It is also possible to coat the base plane of the profile with a layer of adhesive (11) protected by a peelable film (12).

It then suffices to cut the profile at high speed to obtain particularly economical supports (1) according to the invention.

EXAMPLES
All the figures constitute examples according to the invention.

These figures are all on a 2/1 scale (20 mm in the figure represents 10 mm in reality).

All the supports were obtained by transformation of recovered plastic material (recycling of polyolefins
PP and PE).

The supports shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c, 2a to 2c, 3, 4a to 4c and 5 were manufactured by extrusion of profiles, using a spinning press, and sectioning (plus possible finishing as the case may be).

The support shown in Figure 4d was manufactured by injection molding.

Figures 1a to 1c: they completely define the simplest support (1) according to the invention, in three different views (section / side view, top view). This support (1) allows parallel but distinct positioning of a pipe (5) in the part (4c) of the groove (4), and of a frame (6) in the part (4a) of the groove (4 ).

Figures 2a to 2c: the support (1) according to these figures is similar to that of Figures la to lc, but it further comprises a so-called secondary groove (40) perpendicular to the groove (4). In these Figures 2a to 2c, the two grooves (4) and (40) have the same depth, but this is not mandatory.

FIG. 3 represents the use of supports (1) according to FIGS. 2a to 2c to position a trellis formed of metallic reinforcements (6, 60) welded to 90, and pipes (5).

FIGS. 4a to 4d represent modalities of supports (1) comprising complementary means to facilitate the vertical positioning of the supports (1) on the "carrier" slab or, preferably, on the insulating layer (7) which generally covers the slab "carrier".

The support (1) of Figure 4a has a base (2) provided with a hole for nailing or screwing said support (1).

The support (1) of Figure 4b has its flat base (13) covered with an adhesive layer (11) protected by a peelable film (12).

The support (1) of FIG. 4c has a base (2) provided with a dihedral point of acute angle (9) easy to push into an insulating layer (7).

The support (1) of Figure 4d comprises a screw (10).

In Figure 5a, there is shown a support (1) for vertically positioning 3 pipes and a frame.

In Figure 5b, there is shown a support (1) whose jaws (3) have a throttle (14), located at the connection of the middle part (3a) and the upper part (3c), allowing the clipping of the reinforcement (6) taking into account the elasticity of the jaws, and the base (2) of which has a hollowed-out central part, which, in practice, is advantageous for saving material and, in the particular case of supports obtained by extrusion - plastic threading, to reduce the duration of the production cycle (reduction of the cooling time).

In all these examples, the geometrical characteristics and the choice of material (tests carried out in PP and in PE) make it possible to obtain jaws (3) which are both flexible enough to be able to position the pipes and reinforcements manually, with a pinching effect. at least for the pipes, so as to obtain an assembly of supports / pipes / frame both capable of withstanding mechanical stresses, said assembly typically having to resist if it is accidentally struck by the passage of a person working on the site, and also be able to be easily modified or even possibly disassembled and reused, as can happen when last minute plan modifications arise.

All the supports according to the examples were used to position pipes with an outside diameter of 14 mm. However, the invention applies to all of the pipes used, having outside diameters ranging from 8 to 28 mm.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
The pipes and the reinforcement or the wire mesh are kept without contact, which contributes to reducing the risks of corrosion, in particular galvanic corrosion.

As the reinforcement is usually constituted by a lattice with regular meshes, the supports according to the invention, positioned regularly by means of the trellis, make it possible to separate the pipes from known distances and very easily identified.

As has been observed, the fact that the supports "pinch" the pipes (even after casting the "floating" slab) contributes to damping the noise of the pipes (vibrations caused by the passage of liquid or variations in flow).

The invention allows precise positioning in height of the pipes, which contributes to optimizing the diffusion of heat and therefore to limiting heat losses.

With regard to the diffusion of heat, it should also be noted that the invention makes it possible to position at least part of the metallic reinforcement or the mesh at a short distance from the pipe (typically a few mm), so that, with the supports of the invention, the metal frame or the trellis participates in the homogeneous diffusion of the heat brought by the pipe, in particular in the parts of the "floating" slab where only the metallic frame is present.

Finally, the invention, as already mentioned, constitutes a particularly economical and easy to implement solution to the problem of manufacturing a "floating" slab comprising pipes and a reinforcement.

APPLICATION
The main application of the invention is underfloor heating, but also relates to all pipes conveying hot or cold water, liquids or gases, combustible or not, used in industry and health establishments.

Claims (11)

1 - Combined supports (1) of pipes (5) and metal reinforcements (6) in a reinforced concrete slab called "floating", intended to ensure, before the pouring of said slab, the positioning of said pipes (5) and metallic reinforcements (6) on a so-called "carrier" slab, characterized in that, said supports (1) are constituted by monoblock parts, and in that each said monobloc part comprises three superimposed parts each having its own function, the part lower (2) of said support (I) comprising means for ensuring the vertical positioning of said support (1) by bearing on said "carrier" slab, the middle part (3a) of said support (1) comprising means for ensuring positioning of said frame (6) above said bottom part (2) and in at least one chosen direction, the top part (3c) of said support (1) comprising means for ensuring the positioning of at least one said pipe ( 5) above said e middle part (3a), and in the same said chosen direction. 2 - Supports according to claim 1 in which said one-piece piece (1) is constituted by a base (2) with a horizontal plane base (13), forming said low height part Ha, surmounted by two jaws (3) forming between them a vertical groove (4) oriented in said direction and at a distance E, between said jaws (3), differentiated according to the height H relative to said base plane (13) taken as reference plane, the spacing Ea of the jaws (3) in said median part (3a) of height H between Ha and Hc, being less than the spacing Ec of the jaws (3) in said upper part (3c) of height H greater than Hc. 3 - Supports according to claim 2 wherein said spacing Ea of said middle portion (3a) is greater than the diameter of said frame (6) and less than the diameter of said pipe (5). 4 - Supports according to claim 3 in which said jaws (3) are flexible enough to be able to be moved perpendicular to said direction chosen during manual snap-fitting (also called clipping) of said pipe (5) between the jaw portions of said upper part (3c), and / or of said frame (6) between the jaw portions of said middle part (3a). 5 - Supports according to claim 4 in which each portion of jaws of said upper part (3c) forms at least one arc of a circle having substantially the same radius as that of the pipe (s) (5) to be positioned, so that the portion of said groove (4c) located between the two portions of jaws of said upper part (3c) forms at least one circular space with neighboring section and adapted to the section of the pipe (s) to position. 6 - Supports according to claim 5 wherein, each portion of jaws of said upper part (3c) forms an arc having a substantially the same radius as that of the pipe (5) to be positioned, so as to position a single pipe ( 5) above said frame. 7 - Supports according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein said one-piece piece (1) also comprises a secondary vertical groove (40), of width at least equal to the diameter of said frame, formed in said jaws and oriented perpendicular to said groove so as to be able to position two crossed frames at 90 "(60). 8 - Supports according to any one of claims 4 to 7 wherein said clipping of said frame is obtained by a throttle (14) located at the connection of said middle part (3a) and said upper part (3c). 9 - Supports according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in which said base (2) forming said lower part, comprises, in addition to a horizontal base (13), complementary means intended to facilitate the vertical positioning of said piece ( 1) on said "carrier" slab. 10 - Supports according to claim 9 in which, as said complementary means, it is possible to provide said base (2) either with a pointed part (9, 10) intended to penetrate into said "carrier" slab, or with an adhesive layer (11) intended to adhere to the surface of said "carrier" slab, said "carrier" slab preferably comprising a layer of insulating material (7) into which said pointed part (9, 10) can be manually inserted, or on which said base can be glued using said adhesive layer (11). 11 Supports according to any one of claims 1 to 10 in which said monoblpcs parts (1) are obtained by molding or extrusion-spinning of sections and cutting of materials chosen from metal alloys, plastics, preferably economical plastics chosen from polyolefins (PE, PP) or plastic materials to be recycled, or are obtained by machining wood.