FR2534952A1 - METHOD FOR INSTALLING A PIEU IN THE SOIL, AND PIEU USED THEREIN - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO THE INSTALLATION OF PILES. A PILE OR SIMILAR ELEMENTS, SUCH AS A TEMPORARY OR PERMANENT PIPING 2, ARE INSTALLED IN THE SOIL BY PUSHING OR PUSHING IT AND AT THE SAME TIME INTRODUCING A LIQUID SUBSTANCE 7 SUITABLE FOR SETTING SUCH AS GROUT OR GROUT LIQUID CONCRETE BETWEEN THE SIDE OF THE PILE AND THE GROUND IN WHICH THE LATTER IS SENT. THE PRESENCE OF THE LIQUID SUBSTANCE, BETWEEN THE SIDE OF THE PILE AND THE GROUND, REDUCES THE FRICTION FORCES NORMALLY GENERATED, THUS REDUCING THE ENERGY REQUIRED TO DRIVE THE PILE INTO THE GROUND. THE INVENTION IS USED TO INSTALL, IN THE SOIL, PILES AND OTHER SIMILAR ELEMENTS, IN PARTICULAR TIMING OR PERMANENT TUBING.

Description

The present invention relates to the installation

  in the soil of piles and other similar elements.

  including temporary or permanent casings for piles For convenience, unless specifically indicated otherwise, all these elements will be required.

  hereinafter referred to as "pious" and it is

  tended that the term "piles", used in the preface

  This specification encompasses all these elements.

  Piling is usually accomplished by applying axial percussion impacts to a pile by means of a hammer or by rotating the pile and at the same time applying an axial force to drive it into the ground. disadvantage associated with these two methods of installation is that friction forces are generated

  between the sides of the pile and the ground, these forces increase

  the energy required to drive the pile into the ground, as well as the energy required to remove the

casings or mandrels of piles.

  An object of the present invention is to

  to mitigate the disadvantage mentioned above A method of installing a pile according to the invention consists in orienting the pile relative to the ground in which it is to be installed, to drive or

  push the pile into the ground and, at the same time,

  to obtain a liquid substance suitable for

  side of the pile and the soil in which the pile is

dark.

  The pile is advantageously depressed or pushed

  in the soil by applying an axial force to it and rotating it on its axis Preferably, the axial force is applied by percussion impacts exerted by means of a hammer Hammer shocks and the rotation of the pile can take place simultaneously

253495?

  or alternatively The rotation can be done

  in one direction or it can be oscil-

  lant. The liquid substance suitable for setting which may be, for example, concrete or liquid slurry,

  is advantageously introduced by providing a reser-

  see this substance where the pile enters the bottom of the tank allowing the flow of grout or concrete between the side of the pile and the ground

under the action of gravity.

  The pile may be hollow In this case, the liquid substance capable of setting can, in addition or alternatively, be introduced inside the pile during its installation, which can be achieved

  by practicing openings in the wall of the pile.

  by which grout or concrete flows

inside the pile.

  In addition, according to the invention, a pile can

  For use in the method defined above, there is an elongate hollow member along the wall.

  which openings are made at intervals.

  The pile may have any suitable cross-section to allow free space between the side of the pile and the hammer where the latter is depressed or pushed during its rotation on

  This is how the stake can have a sec-

  As a variant, the pile can be

  have a circular cross-section, one or more

  if longitudinal elements are provided on its face

  outside coming out.

  The scope of the invention also includes a pile after its installation in accordance with the method

of the invention.

  An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating the installation of a pile according to the invention; and

  Figures 2 and 3 are views in

  S pective of pile casings according to the invention,

  In this embodiment of 1 linven-

  a pile must be installed in the ground level indicated by the reference number 1 'L 8 installation

  shall be carried out by means of a temporary stake casing

  2 as shown in Figure 2 or in

  Figure 3 The pile casing 2 illustrated in Figure 2 is

  in the form of a hollow metal tube with a trans-

  square versal along each side wall of which openings 3 are made at intervals The pile casing 2 illustrated in Figure 3 is in the form of

  a hollow metal tube with a circular cross-section

  the side wall comprises openings 3 at spaced intervals O Furthermore, the pile casing 2 illustrated in FIG. 3 comprises longitudinal elements 4 on its outer face, these elements emerging radially outwardly.

  a leading edge 4a and a trailing edge 4b.

  In order to install a pile according to this embodiment of the invention, a foot 5 is placed on the ground 1 and a pile casing 2 of the type described above is oriented vertically, one end of this casing being placed on the foot. A container 6, which may comprise a base 6a and a removable wall 6b, is located around the foot 5 and is filled with a suitable liquid substance suitable for setting such as concrete

or liquid slurry 7.

  The pile casing 2 passes through a suitable rotary table schematically indicated by the reference numeral 8, this table making it possible to rotate the casing 2 on its axis A at the upper end of the pile casing 2, is adapted a cap

  9 to protect it against

  rations resulting from shocks exerted by a hammer

  schematically indicated by reference numeral 10.

  To install the pile, you press everything

  first the casing 2 in the soil 1 under the combined action

  intermittent shocks from hammer 10 and rock

  Tapping the casing by means of the rotary table 8 As the casing of pile 2 is thus driven into the ground, the grout or the liquid concrete flows by gravity into the space It formed between the casing side

  of pile and soil It will be understood that, thanks to the

  figuration of the pile casing 2, this space 1 l is thus formed during the rotation of this casing At the same time the grout or the concrete flows via the openings 3 to

Inside the casing 2-

  The corners of the pile casing (in the case of casing shown in Figure 2) and the elements 4 (in the

  tubing illustrated in Figure 3) also tend to

  In this way, in a suitable soil, the final diameter of the pile will be much larger than that of the casing 2. In this way too, we will obtain interface between the floor and grout or concrete, an improving mixing means

  the final connection between the pile and the ground.

  It is considered that the introduction of grout or liquid concrete between the side of the pile casing 2

  and the soil has the effect of reducing the forces of

  this zone, thus reducing ipso facto the energy required to drive the

pile casing in the ground.

  As soon as the pile casing 2 has been driven into the ground to the required depth, a suitable steel reinforcement shell (not shown) may be dropped down along the inside of the pile casing as needed. 2 The casing can then be removed in the usual way leaving

  the foot 5 at the base of the pile The extraction is

  It's easier than with conventional piles due to

  grout or concrete surrounding the casing 2

  Before or during the penetration of casing 2, a suitable reinforcing cage (not shown) can be lowered along the inner face of this casing 2.

casing 2 when required.

  Many embodiments of the invention can be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention.

  of the latter as oil is defined below.

  For example, the openings 3 may be omitted in the pile casing 2, in which case the inside of the casing may be filled with high-slump concrete when this casing has been inserted.

  in the soil to the required depth.

  In addition, the installation of a pile can be

  performed by applying an axial force of non-per-

  The invention is also applicable to the installation of composite piles. In this case, a

  prefabricated pile having, for example, a trans-

  square-shaped, is pressed into the ground in the manner described above by fitting a suitable pad to its lower end As soon as the prefabricated pile is driven into the ground, the installation is completed and the

  Spilled grout takes to form a composite pile.

  In addition, the openings 3 made in

  pile casing 2 may be omitted and openings

  can be made in the trailing edge 4b of the elements 4 The inside of the casing 2 can then

  be used for a variety of purposes, as

lignera below.

  For example, in this case, the casing 2 can be driven into the ground by means of a falling hammer

  on a concrete "plug" or other suitable material

  S provided at the bottom of casing-2 and this, jointly

  with the rotation of the latter until the

  required melter is reached Then, we prevent

  a complementary penetration of the casing 2 and the -

  forms an enlarged base below the bottom of the casing 2 by expelling the plug and successive loads of concrete or other suitable material through the application of direct impacts of a hammer falling inside the casing 2 If necessary, a reinforcement cage can then be lowered along the inner face of the casing 2 and the interior of the casing 2 can be filled with grout or concrete

at high height of subsidence.

  Alternatively, the casing 2 can be depressed

  by means of the "cap" described above, but without any

  sea an enlarged base by means of this "cork".

  Alternatively, an enlarged base can be formed as described above, but the casing

  2 is then depressed by the hammer 10.

  Since, in the process according to the invention, a pile is rotated, suitable boring elements can also be provided on the pile when the soil conditions require an increase in

  pile diameter at any required level.

Claims (10)

  A method for installing a pile in the ground, characterized in that it consists in driving or pushing a pile (2) into the ground (1) and, at the same time, introducing a liquid substance (7). adapted to grip between the outer side of the pile (2) and the ground (1) in which it last must be depressed.   2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pile (2) is depressed or pushed into the ground (1) by applying an axial force and turning it on its axis.   3. Process according to claim 2, characterized in that the axial force is applied to the   means of percussion impacts exerted by a hammer (10).   4 Process according to claim 3, characterized in that the hammer shocks and the rotation   of the pile (2) take place simultaneously.   5. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the hammer shocks and the rotation of the pile (2) take place alternately.   6, Process according to any one of   Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the rotation in one direction.   7. Process according to any one of   Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the rotation is oscillating type -   Process according to any one of   Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the substance   liquid (7) suitable for setting is selected from the grout liquid or liquid concrete.   9, Process according to any one of   Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the substance   liquid (7) is introduced by providing a reservoir (6) where the pile (2) enters the ground c 1) the tank <6) allowing the liquid substance (7) adapted to the taken to flow between the outside of the   pile (2) and the ground (1) under the action of gravity.   10. Process according to any one of   Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pile (2) is   hollow and in that a liquid substance is introduced (7)   able to grip inside the pile (2).   11 pile intended to be installed according to the process according to claim 10 characterized in that it comprises an elongated member along the wall of which   openings (3) are made at intervals, by means of   the liquid substance (7) capable of setting the inside of the pile (2).   12. pile to be installed in accordance with   process according to any one of claims 1 to 10,   characterized in that it has a cross-section   designed to provide a free space (11) between its outer side wall and the ground (1) in which it is depressed or pushed when rotating on its axis.   Pile according to claim 12,   characterized in that it has a cross-section of grain.   14. pile according to claim 12, characterized in that it has a circular cross section, one or more longitudinal elements (4) being provided on its outer face, these elements emerging outwards. of this stake (2).   15. Stake, characterized in that it is   by the process according to any of the claims cations 1 to 10.