FI64646C - Hydrometallurgiskt foerfarande foer utvinning av vaerdemetaller ur metalliska legeringar - Google Patents
Hydrometallurgiskt foerfarande foer utvinning av vaerdemetaller ur metalliska legeringar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI64646C FI64646C FI801984A FI801984A FI64646C FI 64646 C FI64646 C FI 64646C FI 801984 A FI801984 A FI 801984A FI 801984 A FI801984 A FI 801984A FI 64646 C FI64646 C FI 64646C
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- iron
- molybdenum
- nickel
- cobalt
- Prior art date
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 40
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RSPISYXLHRIGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOO Chemical compound OOOO RSPISYXLHRIGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017061 Fe Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical class [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicalcium;oxocalcium;silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca]=O.[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004688 heptahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004687 hexahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000622 liquid--liquid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 platinum metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical class [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI801984A FI64646C (fi) | 1980-06-19 | 1980-06-19 | Hydrometallurgiskt foerfarande foer utvinning av vaerdemetaller ur metalliska legeringar |
| ZA00813485A ZA813485B (en) | 1980-06-19 | 1981-05-25 | A hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of valuable metlas from metallic alloys |
| US06/271,038 US4452762A (en) | 1980-06-19 | 1981-06-05 | Hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of valuable metals from metallic alloys |
| ZM4981A ZM4981A1 (en) | 1980-06-19 | 1981-06-09 | A hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of valuable metals from metallic alloys |
| DE3122921A DE3122921C2 (de) | 1980-06-19 | 1981-06-10 | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Wertmetallen aus Metall-Legierungen, dessen Hauptkomponente Eisen ist und die auch Phosphor und Arsen enthalten |
| CA000380047A CA1172456A (en) | 1980-06-19 | 1981-06-18 | Hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of valuable metals from metallic alloys |
| IN668/CAL/81A IN154272B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1980-06-19 | 1981-06-19 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI801984A FI64646C (fi) | 1980-06-19 | 1980-06-19 | Hydrometallurgiskt foerfarande foer utvinning av vaerdemetaller ur metalliska legeringar |
| FI801984 | 1980-06-19 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI801984A7 FI801984A7 (fi) | 1981-12-20 |
| FI64646B FI64646B (fi) | 1983-08-31 |
| FI64646C true FI64646C (fi) | 1983-12-12 |
Family
ID=8513579
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI801984A FI64646C (fi) | 1980-06-19 | 1980-06-19 | Hydrometallurgiskt foerfarande foer utvinning av vaerdemetaller ur metalliska legeringar |
Country Status (7)
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI68422C (fi) * | 1983-10-21 | 1985-09-10 | Outokumpu Oy | Hydrometallurgiskt foerfarande foer behandling av klorider ochfluorider innehaollande raoaemnen av vaerdefulla metaller |
| US4888207A (en) * | 1984-03-15 | 1989-12-19 | Flynn Jr Charles M | Recovery of arsenic from ores and concentrates |
| US5401485A (en) * | 1994-03-15 | 1995-03-28 | Shell Oil Company | Reduction of residual chloride in iron oxides |
| US6053963A (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 2000-04-25 | Gnb Technologies, Inc. | Method for treating rotary slag |
| US6440194B1 (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2002-08-27 | Fenicem Minerals Inc. | Recovery of precious metals from metal alloys produced aluminothermically from base metal smelter slag |
| KR101143566B1 (ko) * | 2009-09-22 | 2012-05-09 | 리컴 주식회사 | 왕수 습식처리법에 의한 텅스텐 초경합금 슬러지로부터 텅스텐과 코발트의 회수 |
| FI126764B (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2017-05-15 | Outotec Oyj | A method for enhancing reactor volume utilization in hydrometallurgical leaching |
| PE20170280A1 (es) | 2014-05-12 | 2017-03-30 | Summit Mining Int Inc | Proceso de lixiviado de salmuera para la recuperacion de metales valiosos de materiales de oxido |
| CN106957954A (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-18 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | 处理红土镍矿的方法和系统 |
| CN106957955A (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-18 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | 处理红土镍矿的方法和系统 |
| CU20230034A7 (es) * | 2021-01-04 | 2024-02-07 | Hatch Ltd | Proceso de refinación directa de aleaciones de ferroníquel y proceso para la producción de sulfato de níquel u otros productos de níquel |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE748493C (de) * | 1936-07-30 | 1944-11-04 | Verfahren zum Gewinnen von Eisen- und Titanverbindungen aus Erzen oder Gesteinen | |
| US2185095A (en) * | 1938-10-29 | 1939-12-26 | Chemical Construction Corp | Regeneration of waste ferrous sulphate liquor |
| US2877146A (en) * | 1955-05-31 | 1959-03-10 | Puriron Chemicals Inc | Metallurgical pickling |
| DE1095520B (de) * | 1958-11-24 | 1960-12-22 | Oregon Metallurg Corp | Verfahren zur Wiedergewinnung von Metallen der Eisengruppe von Legierungen |
| FR1237923A (fr) * | 1959-06-26 | 1960-08-05 | Fakler & Cie O | Procédé de contrôle de bains de décapage sulfurique |
| US3676107A (en) * | 1971-01-04 | 1972-07-11 | Us Interior | Refining iron-bearing wastes |
| DE2145145B1 (de) * | 1971-09-09 | 1973-03-01 | Henrich, Günter, Dr., 4100 Duisburg | Verfahren zur aufbereitung komplexer, ne-metallhaltiger rohstoffe |
| FI773588A7 (fi) * | 1977-11-28 | 1979-05-29 | Outokumpu Oy | Hydrometallurgisk process foer behandling av oxider och ferriter innehaollande jaern och andra metaller |
| FI58354C (fi) * | 1977-11-28 | 1981-01-12 | Outokumpu Oy | Foerfarande foer behandling av raomaterial innehaollande arsenik och metall |
-
1980
- 1980-06-19 FI FI801984A patent/FI64646C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1981
- 1981-05-25 ZA ZA00813485A patent/ZA813485B/xx unknown
- 1981-06-05 US US06/271,038 patent/US4452762A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-06-09 ZM ZM4981A patent/ZM4981A1/xx unknown
- 1981-06-10 DE DE3122921A patent/DE3122921C2/de not_active Expired
- 1981-06-18 CA CA000380047A patent/CA1172456A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-06-19 IN IN668/CAL/81A patent/IN154272B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IN154272B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1984-10-13 |
| US4452762A (en) | 1984-06-05 |
| CA1172456A (en) | 1984-08-14 |
| DE3122921A1 (de) | 1982-04-01 |
| ZA813485B (en) | 1982-05-26 |
| FI64646B (fi) | 1983-08-31 |
| ZM4981A1 (en) | 1981-12-21 |
| FI801984A7 (fi) | 1981-12-20 |
| DE3122921C2 (de) | 1986-01-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: OUTOKUMPU OY |