FI63307C - BRANDTAETNING FOER GENOMFOERING FOER LEDNING - Google Patents

Description

63307

Fire protection of cable glands Technical field

The present invention relates to a bushing in a fire barrier 5 for passing a cable through a building component, such as a cast concrete wall, a roof or a floor or a cast part thereof. The building part can also consist of, for example, a relatively thin wall of refractory material, such as steel, e.g. the bulkhead of a ship. The term "wire" means, for example, an electric cable, piping, air conditioning pipe, water supply pipe or the like, and the term is intended to include a group of such elements.

A grommet, i.e., a hole in a wall or floor that allows electrical cables, plumbing, air conditioning, ve-15 locations, or other installation components to be moved from one room to another, always poses a high risk in the event of a fire. These vias form an obvious diffusion path for both smoke and flames. Thus, it is often critical to fire safety that such through-20 exports be sealed in a manner that effectively prevents the spread of both smoke and fire. The bushing is often formed by leaving a channel in a wall or the like when pouring concrete or laying brick layers in the wall. Alternatively, the fairway can be cut into a pre-cast or masonry wall. At a later stage of construction, the wires are then passed through these bushings, which are then sealed against fire, i.e. the free space between the wires and the bushing wall is filled with a refractory filler.

30 Technical background

It is known to install a frame in the bushing, which is filled with several parallelepiped-shaped blocks. At least some of these blocks are divided and have opposite semicircular cavities for the cable 35. This cylindrical space between these block halves is filled with a cylindrical closure which can thus be removed to form a space for the cable 2 63307. When tightening or squeezing, the clamping frame establishes the desired tight contact between the blocks and the cables. However, the disadvantage of such a compression frame is that the blocks used seal only a certain number of diameter-spaced cables and a certain number of cables. This in turn has led to the fact that when a cable is additionally passed through such a compression frame, the whole block is simply removed, so that the barrier between the cable and the adjacent blocks is lost. In addition, it has often been found that the blocks have become detached during processing and have not been inserted, so that there are through-openings in the bushing which nullify the fire-protective effect of the device.

It is still already known to use shroud sleeves to close the cable entry (GB Patent Publication No. 953,869), in which case the tubular rubber sleeve is pressed into the lead-through, after which the cable group is forced through the hole in the sleeve. Such a technique is not particularly useful for flame retardant purposes, especially since the cables 20 most often have to be pulled a long distance through the sleeve and a new bushing must be formed and a new sleeve installed if another cable array has to be passed through the wall.

As a result, a plastic molding technique has been formed, characterized in that the cables or wires are inserted into the bushing, after which the bushing is temporarily closed with hatches and the refractory silicone is foamed on site into the bushing. This technology is provided by Studsvik Energiateknik AB under the name "Brandtätningssystem (fire retardant-30 system) FC-225", which uses silicone foam commercially available under the name "Dow Corning 3-6548 RTV". If the cable is to be routed afterwards, eg through a wall, a second lead-through must be made and the lead-through should be closed with FC-225 technology. This is a han-35 fish, especially if the wall is concrete and expensive and not least due to the fact that wall coverings such as panels and wallpaper are then often damaged and need to be replaced.

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Alternatively, a hole can be drilled through the existing bushing and after laying the cable, the annular gap between the hole and the cable can next be closed.

5 Description of the invention

The present invention relates to specific means for fire-penetrating a cable entry through a structure, such as a cast wall, roof or floor or a molded part thereof, e.g. a lightweight concrete block or wall module or a structural floor covering formed of pre-cast concrete or lightweight concrete units. or are eliminated by the invention and in addition special advantages are obtained in terms of simplicity and economy of production, economic storage and simple and reliable use. In addition, the invention also enables a reliable fire barrier during construction.

The devices according to the invention comprise a prefabricated body with a tubular housing and an elastomeric fire-retardant foamed material fitted to the housing, which material is compressed by the housing transverse to the longitudinal axis of the housing, the wire being pressed tightly into the foamed material. The invention is characterized in that the housing 25 is filled with foamed material from one end to a certain distance from the opposite end, the length of the foamed material being adapted to the safety specifications for the fire barrier in question and said distance without foamed material having a length of 30 the strength of the building element in question.

Not only have the above-mentioned disadvantages in the prior art fire barrier been substantially reduced or eliminated, the invention has also overcome the advantage of being able to use frames that can be prefabricated at the factory under conditions that can be easily and well controlled under foam conditions. and that the bodies can be adapted to be filled with foam for a length of at least e.g. with regard to the fire interlock in question and with regard to the maximum electrical safety regulations in order to prevent dangerous heating of the cable or cables. Thus, a preferred limitation on the amount of foamed material is achieved. The desired adjustment of the length of the body according to the strength of the building element in question can be easily achieved, if the length does not match, by cutting the housing from a body part which is not filled with foam. This can be economically advantageous because the housing can be made of a material that is inexpensive compared to a foamed material, preferably a thermoplastic material such as polyethylene. No foamed material is lost in this operation. The ends of the housing can further be used after the body has been inserted for easy insertion of a suitable part, e.g. a decorative flange having a suitable appearance. During the casting of a structural element, wall or the like between two retaining walls, it is essential that the frames are firmly placed between the formwork walls when the heavy concrete mass is poured in. In one embodiment of the invention, the foamed material extends beyond the other end of the housing for this purpose. Thus, a simple way of supporting this end of the body against the supporting wall touching it is achieved by friction between the wall and the protruding foamed material. According to the invention, this support can be further ensured by providing fastening means which adhere to the foamed material between the support wall and the foamed material at the free end of the housing. Secure attachment of the frame to the second retaining wall 30 can be achieved in a number of ways.

For example, a fastening element adapted to the shape of the housing can be fastened to the support wall and the end of the housing brought into the locked position on the fastening element. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, where the body has a circular cross-sectional shape, the housing is provided with at least an external thread, preferably also an internal thread, in which case the fastening element 5 63307 preferably comprises a fastening frame with an internal thread fitted to the external thread. The frame can then be simply screwed into the mounting frame, whereby screwing to different lengths in the mounting frame allows a fit to the correct length in terms of wall strength. The external thread also provides the advantage that the body is molded into place when the support creates a support and a good seal around it, and the internal thread has the advantage that the expanded foam material remains in place due to its helical shape during the manufacture of the body and provides a good seal. between the housing and the foamed material.

A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief explanation of the drawings

Figure 1 is a section along the line I-I in Figure 2 of one embodiment of a fire barrier body.

Figure 2 is an end view of the body seen from the left in Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows an exploded and side view of the arrangement of the fire barrier frame between the two support walls.

Fig. 4 is a section similar to Fig. 1 and shows the frame fitted in place between the retaining walls and after the gap between the retaining walls has been filled with concrete.

Figure 5 is a plan view on an enlarged scale of a fastening element adapted to fit the fire barrier body of Figures 1 and 2 for fastening the body during casting, e.g. the casting shown in Figure 4.

Fig. 6 is a section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5.

Figure 7 is a section along the line VII-VII in Figure 5.

Figures 8 to 11 are sections similar to Figure 4, but after removal of the retaining walls, and show, in various working steps, the passage of the cable through the body by means of a tool specially designed for this purpose.

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Figure 12 is an enlarged perspective view of the end of the handle associated with the tool.

Figures 13 and 14 are perspective views of twice different examples of attaching a fire barrier body to a pre-made hole in, for example, a cast wall or a building element. ,

Figure 15 is a perspective view of attaching a fire barrier body to a wall of a thin refractory material such as steel.

10 Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

Figures 1 and 2 show the basic structure of a fire barrier body, which body is generally indicated by the number 1. It consists of a housing 2 in which a thread 3 is formed axially 3. In the illustrated embodiment, the housing 2 is formed with both an external and an internal thread. The housing may consist of a thermoplastic such as polyethylene.

From the other end, the inside of the housing along its part 3 is filled with an elastic fire-retardant foam-20 substance which is foamed in the housing so that the housing keeps the cured foam under compression. The foamed material preferably consists of a silicone foam commercially available under the name "Dow Corning 3-6548 RTV", which foam is preferably formed directly in the housing 2. As the material expands when formed to a foam rubber composition, the internal threads of the housing are also filled, except without attaching the housing, the foamed material is compressed transversely to the axial direction of the housing, helps the foamed material to remain in place, and still provides significantly better tightness than if the inside of the housing were soft. Although not shown, one or more support nets may be placed in the foamed material, in part to prevent material from detaching during subsequent cable installation (see Figures 35 8-11) and in part to allow multiple cables to be sealed through the fire barrier body without breaking or cracking. The length 3a, filled with 7 63307 foamed material, is adapted to the regulations applicable to the fire barrier in question, which are in the form of a fire classification determining the minimum length and in the form of electrical safety regulations determining the maximum length.

An unfilled portion 5 is formed in the fire barrier body 1, which preferably has a length which allows the fire barrier body to be used for different wall thicknesses. The portion 5 can be easily cut, preferably with a saw, to the correct length, e.g. as shown in Fig. 1 along a broken line 6. Figs. 3 and 4 show how a fire damper body is cast between two retaining walls 7 and 8, the body having and 2 the principal structure shown.

Figure 3 shows how the fastening frame, generally indicated by the number 10, is fastened with nails 9 to a second support wall 7, which frame has a structure which will be described in more detail below with reference to Figures 5-7, i.e. it has e.g. an external thread fitted to the thread 3 of the housing 2. After cutting the body 1 to at least an approximate length 20, the body is fixed relative to the support wall 7 by turning it to the fixing frame 10. By screwing to different depths, the possibility of adjustment with respect to the wall thickness is achieved. Next, the support 8 is raised and the walls are pulled together, whereby the fire barrier frame is firmly pressed between the support walls 25. The adjustment within the tolerance given to the length of the body is also achieved by the elasticity which the body has in the longitudinal direction due to its helical shape. As can be seen from Figure 3 (and also from Figure 1), the foamed material protrudes a short distance (some millimeters) outside the co-30 roll 2. This protruding portion is indicated by the number 11. Thus, by means of the friction between the foamed material and the support wall, the support of this end of the fire barrier body against the support wall is achieved. Additional assurance of the retention of this head can be achieved by nailing a suitable relatively flat means (not shown) against the support wall 8, which means is provided with inwardly projecting means, e.g. in the form of concentric rings, which come into contact with the foamed material after the support wall is raised. In this case, as an alternative, the protruding foamed material 11 could be avoided. By using the fastening frame, it is no longer required to cut the frame precisely or 5 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame.

Figure 4 shows the fire barrier body 1 and the fastening frame 10 after the gap between the retaining walls 7 and 8 has been filled with concrete 12. Since the threads outside the fire barrier body are also filled with concrete, the fastening of the body 10 to the concrete is achieved. The frame forms a gas, fire, water and soundproof bushing throughout the construction, both before and after the cable is passed through it.

The preferred embodiment of the mounting body 10 shown in Figure 3 will now be described with reference to Figures 5-7. This frame 15 comprises an annular wall 13 on the inner surface of which a thread is formed. The latter comprises, in the illustrated embodiment, two straight and substantially semicircular grooves 14 and 15, the free ends of which, seen from above, do not meet. Arranged on the outer surface of the wall 13 are four nail holes 16 opposite to each other in diameter for nailing the frame to the support wall (wall 7 in Figures 3 and 4). The holes 16 of the nail curve outwards in the direction of the edge of the wall 13 of the frame, which is intended to be fastened against the support wall. When the wall 8 is taken down, the nails seu-25 are scraped in, but the frame remains in the concrete. On the opposite edge side of the frame wall 13, four diametrically opposite corner portions 17 and 18 protrude at right angles to the wall. The corner portions 17 are then formed with outwardly open cavities 19 and the corner portions 18 are formed with buttons 20, 30 which can be pressed into the cavities 19 in an adjacent frame to form a desired number of frames 10 into an interconnected row. To ensure such secure engagement with an adjacent frame, each frame is provided with locking members comprising a dovetail tongue 35 21 projecting from the body of the mounting frame and positioned.

between the buttons 20 and the recess 22 opposite to the complementary diameter.

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Figures 8-11 show the different work steps for pushing the cable through the fire barrier body after the retaining walls have been dismantled. The frame shown by way of example corresponds to the frame according to Fig. 4 and is shown cast in a concrete wall 5 23. In order to obtain a tight passage for the line, a special lead-through tool is used. It comprises three parts, a conical tip 24, a sleeve 25 and a handle 26 with an end 27, which work together as will become apparent from the following description.

As shown in Fig. 8, it is suitable to insert the tip 24 into the foamed material 4 per se, or if several wires have to be passed through for each wire, the tip is pushed so that the arrangement of the different wires can be planned by means of the tips. The front end 28 of the sleeve is inserted into the si-15 weather tip by means of a handle. The tip and sleeve are pressed through the foamed material, and once the tip has passed through it, it falls off its own weight. For this penetration, the handle can be pressed against the rear end 29 of the sleeve, the handle being in the position shown in Fig. 8, the end 27 of the handle 20 having an annular groove (see Fig. 12) into which the end of the sleeve is inserted during pushing. Alternatively, by means of a special shape of the head 27 (shown in more detail in Figure 12) with cavities 30 locking in two of the four heels or supports 31 evenly distributed around the circumference of the sleeve near the rear end of the sleeve, penetration of the tip 24 and sleeve 25 may result in such locking then in a position of the handle 26 at an angle to the sleeve, which can be valuable in hard-to-reach places.

Fig. 9 shows the position of the sleeve 25 after it has been pressed through the fire barrier body and the line 32 has been pulled through the sleeve. Since the hole formed through the body is aligned with the sleeve and thus protected by it, the cord can be pushed through the body without damaging the latter. As shown, the sleeve is split at its ends 28, 29 to form funnel-shaped openings, thus preventing the wire from jamming when it is pulled.

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Figure 10 shows the retraction of the sleeve 25 from the foamed material after the line has been pulled. In particular, for this retraction, the sleeve is provided with supports 31 and the end portion 27 of the handle with cavities 30. By means of four-to-five supports 31 arranged around the circumference of the sleeve, the two supports and cavities are fastened in all directions for good accessibility. Thus, it is also possible to turn the sleeve to its most comfortable position. In addition, the cavities 30 are curved outwards, so that the supports 31 also guide to the bottoms of the cavities at an angle which is relatively large between the central axes of the handle and the sleeve, so that a correspondingly large angular area is possible between the handle and the sleeve. After pulling out, the sleeve must be removed from the cord. To easily accomplish this, a perforation or other weakened gap (not shown) is formed in the sleeve, located between the opposite bottoms of the split ends 28 and 29. After cutting this perforation, the sleeve can be opened and removed from the cable.

The handle end 27 is specially adapted for use during this cutting. Behind the head 27 relative to the cavities 30, the head is provided with cutting portions (see Fig. 12), each comprising a cutting edge 33 located inside the outwardly rounded slider 34. Secure attachment of the splitting portion of the head 27 25 is achieved in the slits of the sleeve ends 28 and 29 between which the perforation is located, which splitting portion is also formed so that the handle can be held at a large angular range with respect to the sleeve, e.g. 15-55 ° . Accessibility is further improved when two splitting parts are formed in the end 27, one behind each cavity 30, thus also increasing the life of the handle. The rounded slider 34 is adapted to prevent the cutting edge 33 from damaging the wire 32 during splitting.

Fig. 11 shows the lead-through wire 32 after the sleeve 25 has been removed. Since the foamed material has not been removed and the material has only been compressed by about 63307, the foamed material 4 is resilient from the elastic and a barrier of the foamed material is created around the line.

As indicated above, the handle end 27 is more clearly shown in Figure 12, which shows the shape of the cavities 30, the cutting edge 5 and the slider 34. The annular groove is further shown in the figure, the end 29 of the sleeve 25 being inserted into the groove when the tip 24 and the sleeve 25 are pushed through the foamed material 4 of the body 1. This groove is indicated by the number 35 in the figure. Also shown is a groove 36 defined by the side of the Liu-10 bubble 34 facing the cavity 30 and the bottom wall, the lower edge shown in the figure forming a cutting edge 33. This groove 36 guides the second split edge during splitting of the sleeve 25.

Referring to Figures 1-12, there is described above a fire barrier-15 body partially filled with a foamed material and having a circular cross-section and a threaded housing. Many of the advantages mentioned in this specification, as well as in the introduction under the heading "Description of the invention", can be achieved by a fire barrier body having a cross-sectional shape other than round, e.g. square, rectangular or oval, the housing of such body may have external threads or other grooves or other protrusions. parts or be soft, and instead of being twisted into the mounting frame, it may be secured in some other manner, e.g., by locking in a suitably molded mounting frame. Another alternative is to use a fire barrier body which is completely filled with foamed material and has a circular cross-section and a threaded housing. Such a body has all the above advantages, except those arising from the fact that the housing of the body is only partially filled with a foamed substance.

Other examples of a fire barrier body completely or partially filled with foamed material are shown in Figures 13-15, Figures 13 and 14 show frames to be attached to a pre-made hole in a wall or building element and Figure 15 shows a refractory barrier frame for a relatively thin wall e.g. in the bulkhead hole.

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Figure 13 shows a part of a wall or building element 37 with a hole 38. An outer sleeve 39 of foamed material is cast on the slit tube 40 and in addition to the described internal thread 41, the tube 5 may have an external thread and suitably extend towards the edges of the slits. The tube 40 with the sleeve 39 is introduced into the hole 38. The housing of the bushing body 43, which is completely or partially filled with the foamed material 4 and provided with an external thread 42, preferably also with an internal thread, is screwed into the tube 40. As it rotates, the slit tube 40 is forced against the outer sleeve. 39 this expansively, which in turn presses against the walls of the hole 38.

Fig. 14 shows a wall or building element 15, shown in section through a hole provided with a thread 45. The thread 45 can be formed by casting a sleeve in or formed with the material itself by certain wall materials. The bushing body comprises two halves 46 and 47 having a semicircular cross-section 20 and a sheath with an external thread 48 and preferably also an internal thread, as shown, and grooves 49 with a semicircular cross-section, halves 46 and 47, for example those shown , is filled along its entire length with foamed material 4 and is pressed against each other 25, after which the assembled halves are screwed into a hole provided with a thread 45. This embodiment of the fire barrier body is intended for a single cable, in particular for a large-sized cable, and is particularly useful for cables which cannot be routed through the foamed material of the fire barrier body 30 because the cable is provided with, for example, protruding connections. Alternatively, it is possible to cast the fire barrier body into place in a conventional manner and then screw it out to fit it over the cable and then screw it back into the threaded hole 35. This has the advantage that a closed bushing can also be formed during construction. Another option is to use a split fire barrier body instead of two separate halves 46, 47.

Finally, Fig. 15 shows a lead-through body 51 with an housing with an external thread and preferably also with an internal thread, which encloses the foamed substance 4 in a conventional manner. The fire barrier body is threaded through fasteners 54 provided with internal threads 53 which are pre-fastened to both sides of the wall 55 by collars or flanges 56 of fasteners which closely surround the hole made through the wall.

If only one wire has to be fitted through the bushing in the embodiments according to Figures 13-15, the body can be divided into halves or split in the same way as shown and described in connection with the embodiment according to Figure 14.

Claims (7)

14 63307 A device for fire-closing a bushing for at least one line in a building element, the device 5 comprising a prefabricated body with a tubular housing and a fire-retardant foam placed in the housing, which is compressed transversely of the longitudinal axis of the housing, the cable being tightly compressed characterized in that the housing (2) is filled with foamed material (4) from one end to a certain distance from the opposite end, the length of the foamed material (3a) being adapted to meet the safety specifications for said fire barrier and said distance 15 (5), is not a foamed material, has a length run (1) to match the entire length to the strength of the building element in question. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the foamed material (4) protrudes a small distance (11) outside the other end in order to frictionally engage the support wall (8) during the casting of the building element (23). Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the foamed substance (4) at said other end is in contact with means for supporting this end and is fixed to a support wall (8) adapted for casting a building element (23). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opposite end of the housing (2) is fastened to a fastening element (10) which is connected to an adjacent support wall (7) during the casting of the building element (23). Device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the body (1) has a circular cross-sectional shape, characterized in that an external thread (3) is formed in the housing (2) of the body. 15 63307 Device according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the fastening element comprises a fastening frame (13) with an internal thread (14, 15) which is arranged in the thread 5 (3) outside the housing (2). Device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the body (1) has a circular cross-sectional shape, characterized in that an internal thread (3) is formed in the housing (2) of the body. 16 63307