FI61382C - FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER SEPARERING AV PLANTENHETER - Google Patents

Description

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Sho. 51-21766, Sho. 51-66113 (Utility Model),

Sho. 51-103U51 (Utility Model), Sho. 51-135183 Noteon Tensai Seito Kabushiki Kaisha, no. 6, 2-chome, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku,

Tokyo, Japan-Japan (JP) (72) Akiyoshi Masuda, Obihiro-shi, Hokkaido, Tetsuo Nambu, Obihiro-shi, Hokkaido,

The present invention relates to a method for separating seedling units one after the other by combining a plurality of unsupported, non-rotting, non-rotting membranes. that they can be pulled out, each certain number of container units is alternately folded to the right and left, and the lamination is glued together with a water-soluble glue to form a group of container units, said container units are filled with soil and seedlings are grown;

The invention also relates to an apparatus for applying the method, the apparatus comprising a container unit feeding device comprising at least two rotors adapted to pull out, guide and feed said container unit seedlings, a support adapted to support the container unit group as a clump, and container unit connecting parts.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that a separation line is made defining the separation direction in the connecting part of each container unit, the container units forming the group are successively pulled out from one end continuously, said container units having separation control parts at the upper or lower or upper and lower ends of said separation lines. , the connecting parts between the previous container units and the next container units are tensioned linearly via said separation control parts, while the separation-causing points are moved progressively, whereby the separation into individual container units takes place. The device according to the invention is characterized in that the separating device is formed by two rotating conical bodies or an inclinedly mounted rotating cylindrical body adapted to compress the container units opposite the outlet of the feeder and having a circumferential speed higher than

In the paper tube array used in the method of the present invention, the individual paper tubes are connected in a strip-like array of paper tubes running at certain lengths alternately to the right and left in a tortuous manner so that it can be continuously pulled out in a row from one end to the other end. The connecting line between adjacent individual paper tubes has a separation line defining the separation direction. At the top and / or bottom of the separation line there is a separation control section. The connector is strong enough to withstand pulling a row of tubes out of the group after growing the seedlings, but the string can be easily separated into individual tubes using a separation device. wherein the tube is compressed between rotating members adapted to pull the tube so as to disengage along a separation line from the separation guide section, either from the top end downwards or from the bottom end upwards.

When planting individual seedlings in the field via a feed pipe, which are continuously separated from the queue by means of a separation device as described above, the seedlings are planted in a substantially vertical position by a feed pipe arranged in the direction of travel and a seedling guide plate arranged near the feed pipe outlet.

Overloading of the connecting parts of the seedling container is prevented by adjustment. the distance between the group and the traction device so that the distance is substantially constant, thus preventing the group from tearing when pulled out despite its tensile resistance, and preventing the pipes from tipping sideways.

The inventors of the present invention have previously developed an array of tubes in which the tubes are interconnected as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,515,036 to 3,61382. When the groups of tubes are placed in an automatic planter and each row of tubes is separated into individual seedling tubes, it has been necessary to do so manually or using a separator with cutting blades. In the latter case, the connecting parts are mechanically cut in the drawn state, but it has been difficult to perform the separation efficiently and continuously.

The object of the present invention is to obviate this drawback of the previously known methods.

The starting point of the study was the structure of the connecting parts of the pipe group. The inventors performed various experiments on separating these connectors, and as a result, it was found that in the case of a paper tube group, where the connectors consisted of connecting strips formed by sewing machine needle holes in the vertical direction or slots made at certain intervals, they could resist tensile separation force. to a large extent, but they could be separated with little force in a separation in which only the upper or lower end was pulled in one direction, and the point of separation shifted from the upper end downward or from the lower end upward.

The connecting portion of the continuous type paper tube array used in the present invention may be provided by an upper slit forming a separation guide portion of a certain length formed by vertically cutting from the top edge of the connecting portion, and the separation line has other slits the total length of said joints cannot be greater than the total length of said other slots.

When the two conical rollers with different upper and lower diameters of this continuous type paper tube group separating machine are rotated at a higher speed than the feed paper cylindrical rows, the separation of the rollers along the In addition, since the separation can be performed with a device of simple construction in which only the rotors are rotated, a mechanical, continuous operation can be easily performed when planting paper tube seedlings separated in the field as described above. the separating device is mounted on a planting machine comprising a seedling downcomer and a plow with a blade for forming a planting furrow below said seedling down or feed tube.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a top view of a continuous paper tube array after one row has been pulled out, Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a portion of the continuous paper tube array of Figure 1; Fig. 4 shows a side view of the separating device for separating the connecting part of the continuous paper tube group according to Fig. 3, Fig. 5 shows a top view of a separating device according to another embodiment, Fig. 6 shows a side view of Fig. 5, Fig. 7-a shows a side view planting device> with a separating device according to the invention, Fig. 7-b shows a top view similar to Fig. 7-a, Fig. 8 shows a top view in detail of the separating part of the device according to Figs. 7-a and 7-b, Fig. Fig. 9 is a side view similar to Fig. 8, Figs. 10-a to 10-e are perspective views of various embodiments of the connector, Fig. 10-f is a top view of Fig. 10-d, and Fig. 10-g is a top view of Fig. 10-d. 10-e.

In the drawings, P denotes a continuous group of paper tubes and reference numeral 1 is a single paper tube made of film 2. Film 2 is made of kraft paper or the like having such a decay resistance that no dispersion occurs during the growth of the seedlings. The film 2 is formed with hexagonal or square hollow paper tubes 1, each of which forms an open seedling container at the top and bottom. Reference numeral 3 denotes a connecting part connecting the individual paper tubes 1 to each other. Said connecting part is usually made of the same material as that used for paper tubes Klin 1, but any material can be used for its manufacture if it gives the same effect as described above. To provide connectors between adjacent paper tubes 1, two paper tube forming films 2 are glued together at certain intervals or, as disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,515,036, paper tubes 1 may first be formed, and then separate films of a certain width are glued to said paper tubes, said films being the same material other than paper tubes or different material. Other suitable methods may be used to make the connectors. The cylinder or seedling container group is folded back and forth and glued together with a water-soluble glue. Reference numeral 4 denotes a gap extending to the upper edge 3 'of the connecting part 3 and made perpendicular to this upper edge. This slot 4 forms a separation guide part to facilitate the division of the connecting part. The slots marked with reference numerals 5 are made below the separation control section 4 in a straight line at certain intervals. Reference numerals 6 denote non-cut parts, i.e. connecting parts between the slots 5, the row of slots 5 and the connecting parts 6 forming a dividing line 6 '. Thus, most of the connecting part 3 is cut vertically, whereby the paper tubes are connected together by means of the connecting parts 6. The characteristic features of the combined paper tube group according to the invention are in the overall length of the connecting parts and in how they are arranged. The joints have sufficient strength to straighten the combined paper tube group P of the seedlings after growing in the rows of seedlings, but they must be easily separable at a later stage of division. Reference numeral 7 denotes seedlings growing in paper tubes.

In Figures 3 and 4, reference numeral 8 denotes a device for separating paper tubes, reference numerals 9 and 10 denote guide rollers fixed to shafts 9 'and 10' and coated with a circumferentially elastic material 11, e.g. a sponge. The rollers 9 and 10 are spaced opposite each other, which allows the rollers to be pressed against the paper tube 1. Shafts 9f and 10 »are connected to a power source which provides a driving force. Reference numerals 13 and 14 denote drawn rollers coated with a circumferentially elastic material 11 in the same manner as guide rollers. Reference numerals 15 and 16 denote belts, the belt 15 being tensioned between the rollers 9, 13 and the belt 16 between the rollers 10, 14. The belts rotate in the direction of the arrows and a feed tube 17 of a row of paper tubes is formed between the belts 15, 16. · Reference numerals 18 and 19 denote separation rollers fixed 61382 to shafts 18 'and 19' and coated with a circumferentially elastic material 11, e.g. a sponge. They are conical in shape, with the diameter of the upper end being larger than the diameter of the lower end. The separating rollers are made so that a smaller part of their diameter has a higher circumferential speed than the linear speed of the belts 15, 16 and they are mounted opposite each other at the outlet of the feed path 17 of the paper tube row.

The paper tube separating device 8 is constructed as described above, whereby the row of paper tubes 1 advances in the paper tube feed path 17 continuously under the action of belts 15, 16 which rotate at a constant speed. At their outlet, the front paper tube 1a is compressed between the separating rollers 18 and 19. In this case, the separating rollers are arranged so that their rotational speed is higher than the speed of the belts 15, 16 of the paper tube feed path 17, and the upper diameter of said separating rollers is larger than the lower diameter so that the upper parts have a higher circumferential speed than the lower parts. Thus, the connecting portions 3 of the paper tubes 1a are continuously separated by means of the separation rollers 18, 19, after which the separated paper tubes 1a are continuously planted with a suitable planting machine. If the downcomer 20 is mounted below the separation rollers 18, 19, the paper tubes 1a can be planted in the field by means of a natural falling effect, so that the combined paper tubes with seedlings can be automatically separated into individual paper tube seedlings 1 when said operations are repeated.

Figures 5 and 6 show another embodiment in which the separating rollers have two cylindrical rollers 18a and 19a with equal diameters at the top and bottom. These rollers are mounted at a certain angle to guide the paper tube row towards the pulling direction, which provides a substantial difference between the pulling forces of the upper and lower ends of the paper tube row in contact with the rollers 18a, 19a. This has the same effect as in the case of said conical rollers 18, 19. As mentioned above, according to the present invention, any device can be used if it can provide a substantial difference in traction between the upper and lower ends of the connecting part 3.

Figures 7 'S1 and 7' b show a planting machine for carrying out the method according to the present invention. The planting machine comprises a body 21, a belt conveyor 22 for a combined paper tube group P. This swing conveyor is tensioned between the drive pulley 22c and the drawn pulley 22d r 61382. The pulleys are attached to shafts 22a and 22b supported by brackets 21a and 21b mounted on the machine frame 21. Reference numeral 23 denotes wheels mounted on a shaft 24 rotatably mounted on the machine frame 21. Reference numerals 25a »25b ... 25f denote sprockets, the sprocket 25a being mounted on the shaft 24, the sprockets 25b, 25c on the shaft 26a, the sprockets 25d, 25e on the shaft 26b and a sprocket 25f for the drive pulley shaft 22a. Reference numerals 27a, 27b and 27c denote chains, the chain 27a being tensioned between the sprockets 25a and 25b, the chain 27b between the sprockets 25c and 25d and the chain 27c between the sprockets 25e and 25f.

Using such a sprocket and chain mechanism and the planting machine travels in the direction of arrow A, the wheels 23 rotate in the direction of arrow A 'direction. This rotation rotates the chain wheels 25f of the arrow A 'in the direction of the chain-wheels 25a, 25b - 25e and the chains 27a, 27b and 27c through which a conveyor belt pulley 22c is rotated result is a 22 rotation of the conveyor belt, whereby the conveyor belt 22 pa-charged tube bundle 1 passes the arrow. B. Reference numeral 8 denotes a paper tube group feeder in which a plate 28 is attached to the machine body 21 at the front end of the belt conveyor 22. The rotating rollers 9, 10 and 13, 14 are attached to shafts 9 '»10' and 13f, 14 ', which are rotatably mounted on a fixed plate 28. The rollers are coated with a circumferentially elastic material 11, e.g. a sponge, and mounted opposite each other at a distance between the rollers 1. The rollers 9, 13 and 10, 14 also have a suitable distance. 16 are tensioned between the rotating rollers 9, 13 and the rotating rollers 10, 14 and rotate in the direction of the arrows (Fig. 5), whereby the paper tube feed paths a 17 is formed between the belts 15, 16. The separating rollers 18a, 19a, which are circumferentially coated with an elastic material 11, are mounted opposite each other at the outlet of the paper tube feed path 17. They are mounted on the machine body 21 with respect to the rollers 13, 14 rotating obliquely, so that the separation of said separation is applied to the upper and lower ends of the paper tube 1 in contact with the rollers 18a, 19a at different times. When placing the separating rollers 18a, 19a with respect to the rollers 13, 14, it is most convenient to ensure the separation D between the centers (Fig. 8) less than twice the unit length L, which is the width of the paper tube 1 plus half the widths of the front and rear connection of this paper tube.

8 61.382

In Fig. 7 ~ a reference numeral 29 denotes a bevel gear fixed to the lower end of the shaft 10 'of the rotating roller 10 and interleaved with a bevel gear mounted on the shaft 26b (not shown), and also a bevel gear (not shown) mounted on the lower end of the shaft 9' of the rotating roller 9 which is interleaved with a bevel gear mounted on the shaft 26b. The gear 26b of the shaft 26b, which drives the gears 29 »of the shafts 10 'and 9f, is adapted to rotate the shafts 10', 9 'in opposite directions, and the rollers 10, 9 rotate in the direction of the arrows (Fig. 5) by the rotation of the shaft 26b. Due to the rotation of the shaft 26b, the belts 15, 16 also rotate with the rotating rollers 9, 10. Between the sprocket 30 mounted on the shaft 10 'and the sprocket 31 mounted on the shaft 19a * of the separating roller 19a, and between the sprocket 30 mounted on the shaft 9' and the sprocket 18a mounted on the shaft 18a of the separating roller 18a, chains 32 are tensioned. Fig. 5) · As a result of the above structure, the rollers 9, 10 rotate due to the rotation of the wheel 23, rotating the belts 15, 16, whereby the paper tube group P advances in a row in the paper tube feed path 17. When the front paper tube 1a reaches the outlet of the track 17 and contacts the separation rollers 18a, 19a, and since the rotating rollers 13, 14 and the separation rollers 18a, 19a are spaced D-2L apart, the front paper tube 1a is compressed and enters between the separation rollers 18, 19. , in which the next paper tube Ib is firmly pressed between the rotating rollers 13, 14. In this case, since the circumferential speed of the lower portions of the separation rollers 18a, 19a is higher than the seedling row feed speed as described above, the front paper tube 1a is acted upon by a force tending to separate it from the next paper tube Ib, and also as the separation rollers 18a the force acting between the front paper tube and the next paper tube is higher at the top and lower at the bottom at a time when the separation of the connecting part 3 moves downwards through the separation guide part 4 near the upper edge of the connecting part, providing a V-shaped separation of the connecting part. The relationship between the linear speed of the belts 15, 16 provided by the rotating rollers 9, 10 and 13, 14 and the speed of the separation rollers 18a, 19a can be easily determined by the sprockets 30, 30 and sprockets 31 mounted on the shafts 9 ', 10' and 18a ', 19a *, 31 speed ratio.

According to Fig. 7-b, when pulling the first row of paper tubes from the group on the conveyor 22, if the conveyor 22 did not move, the front line of seedlings 9 61382 would be farther back as a result, the pull-out resistance of the paper tubes could become high and the rows of paper tubes on the conveyor 22 could break or break when pulled. Thus, in order to keep the distance between the foremost row of the paper tube group P on the conveyor 22 and the separating device 8 substantially constant, thus avoiding the above-mentioned difficulties, the rotating rollers 9, 10 value that the distance between the front row of the paper tube array and the separation device 8 is essentially constant. Since the ratio of the linear speed of the belts 15, 16 of the paper tube feed path 17 to the speed of the conveyor 22 is determined by the ratio between the length of the paper tube row and the distance between the paper tube rows, the ratio of said bevel gear 29 to sprocket 25f can be determined.

The paper tube groups shown in Figures 10-a to 10-g can be used in the present invention. In Fig. 10-a, two films 2a, 2a * are glued together with a water-insoluble glue 41 forming a connecting part between the paper tubes. In Figures 10-b and 10-c, the connecting part is provided by a single film 2a. In Figures 10-d and 10-f, the overlapping portion of the two films 2a, 2a * is partially glued together with a water-insoluble adhesive 41. In Figures 10-e and 10-g, the paper cylinders are immediately glued together with a water-insoluble adhesive 4l without using the film 2a or 2a 'in the connector. Various methods of joining paper tubes are known, and although such known structures are used, it is possible to obtain approximately the same effects as described above. Also in the joining methods of Figures 10-d and 10-e implemented using the adhesive 41, the distribution of the joining parts may be such that they are divided along the length of a certain area in the height direction of the seedling container 1, providing approximately the same effect as above.

As mentioned above, the present invention provides a fully automatic separation and planting of plant seedlings using a continuous array of paper tubes as a very economical system which has not previously been possible and which can greatly increase agricultural productivity.

Some embodiments of the present invention are described below. Example 1 2

A surface of a kraft paper weighing 60 g / m was brushed with a hydrated 1,5S solution of copper 8-hydroxyquinolinolate, and the paper was dried and thus rendered essentially non-rotting. Two sheets of this paper were glued together to provide beet paper tubes with a hexagonal cross-section of 1.9 cm in diameter and a height of 13 cm. The paper tubes were joined together by gluing 0.95 mm wide. The length of the separation guide part (gap) was 4 cm extending from the upper end in the height direction of the paper tube towards the middle part of the connecting part. The lower part, which was 9 cm long, had three 6 mm connecting parts every 3 cm. Ten such paper tubes were arranged in a transverse row and joined together. Then, the following ten paper tube overlapped paper tube-side transfer structure (Figure 1) and lines liisteröitiin one water-soluble with paste. 140 rows of paper tubes were layered to give a unit of a group of paper tubes containing 1400 paper tubes. Numerous such units were manufactured.

In such paper tubes, sugar beet seedlings were grown on a cold medium, and a unit of paper tube group seedlings was placed on the plant conveyor belt conveyor 22 of Fig. 7, the planter comprising wheels 23 and shafts 9 ', 10' of rotating rollers 9, 10 and separators 18a connected by a chain 32. Notches were made with a plow and said 1400 paper cylinders were pulled out from one end of the unit by means of rotating rollers, the separating rollers being arranged in front of said rotating rollers having a circumferential speed of 9 cm / sec. The linear speed ratio between the upper end and the lower end of the separation rollers was 2: 1, with a circumferential speed of the lower end of about 9 cm / sec. These separation rollers were coated on the surface with a sponge. The 1400 seedlings separated from the unit were planted in the field at a speed of 0.9 m / sec through the seedling feed pipe 20 under the control of the first seedling guide plate 34 and the second seedling guide plate 35. The result was a very smooth, error-free automatic separation of the seedlings without cutting the 11,61382 joints. There was no mechanical damage to the seedlings and almost all of the paper tube seedlings were planted in the field in an upright position.

Example 2 Using the same paper material as in Example 1, a large number of units of paper tube groups were prepared, each comprising 700 paper cylinders, with 7 paper cylinders in 100 rows. A paper tube with a regular hexagonal cross-section had a longer diameter of 3 cm and a height of 10 cm. The connecting part between the pipes was such that, with the exception of the 3.5 cm separation guide part at the top, the 6 mm long connecting parts divided the 6.5 cm long lower part into three equal parts.

After cultivation, the paper tube groups were placed on the conveyor as a unit without disassembling the unit and the seedling rows were pulled out by a planter otherwise similar to Example 1, except that instead of the conical bodies of Example 1 above. °. Each of said cylindrical bodies was 4 cm in diameter and 12 cm high, with urethane foam applied to their surface. 700 paper cylinders were planted at a speed of 0.9 m / sec fully automatically with the result that the separation and planting were flawless.

Claims (3)

61 382 12 Patent applications A method for separating seedling units one after the other by combining a plurality of lid-free and bottomless, non-rotting film container units (1) so that they can be pulled out, alternately folding right and left each number of container units and gluing the laminating unit together with a water-soluble potting units on the soil, and seedlings are grown in them, and during planting the seedling pots are pulled out at one end and separated into successive individual seedling units, characterized by making a dividing line (6 *) determining the direction of separation container units at one end continuously, said container units having separation guide portions (4) at the upper or lower end of said separation lines (6 ') or at both the upper and lower ends, tensioning the container of the previous container units (1a) and the following the connecting parts (3) between the units via said separation control parts (4) linearly, while the points providing the separation are moved progressively, whereby the separation into individual container units takes place. Apparatus for applying the method of claim 1, the apparatus comprising a container unit feeder comprising at least two rotors (9, 10) adapted to pull out, guide and feed said container unit seedlings (P), and a support adapted to support the container unit group as a clump, and a separating device for the connecting parts (3) of the container units, characterized in that the separating device consists of two rotating conical bodies (18, 19) or inclined mounted cylindrical bodies (18a, 19a) arranged opposite the outlet of the feed device (9, 10). 1) and whose circumferential speed is higher than the circumferential speed of the rotating bodies (9, 10) of the feeder and which are rotated in opposite directions. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the conveying speed of the seedling feed conveyor (22) on which the group of container units is placed and the circumferential speeds of the rotating bodies (18,19) of the container unit separating device (8) mounted opposite said conveyor (22) a constant relationship. 15 61 382