FI57688C - ENSILAGE - Google Patents

Description

® FINLAND —FINLAND patent publication — patentskrift 57688 @ K ».lk5lnt.CI? A 23 K 3/03 ® @ Patent application - Patentansöknlng 750396 ft @ Application date - Ansökningsdag 13.02.75 @ Early date - Giltighetsdag 13.02.75 @ Published to the public - Blivit offentlig 17.09 * 75 @ Date of publication and publication

Ansökan utlagd och utl.skriften publicerad 30.06.80

Patent · and the National Board of Registration (g) patent granted - Patent meddelat 10.10.80

Patent · och registerstyrelsen _ _ _ ^ _. ,, @@@ Privilege claimed - Begärd prloritet 16.03.7 ^

Federal Republic of Germany-Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) P 2hl2801.6 Proven-Styrkt (73) Degussa Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt am Main, Federal Republic of Germany-Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) (72) Heidrun Bertram, Hanau, Rudolf Folf Hanau, Herbert Tanner, Hanau, Helmut Junkermann, Frankfurt, Germany

Federal Republic-Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) (7 * 0 Oy Kolster Ab (5 * 0 Silage - Ensilage

The invention relates to silage to which preservatives have been added against the undesired action of microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts and molds.

In the case of silage, not all micro-organisms must be affected by preservation. It must only prevent the growth of micro-organisms which cause undesirable events, such as the formation of butyric acid, but it must not affect the growth of micro-organisms which affect the lactic acid fermentation necessary for silage storage.

It is known to add chemicals with bactericidal or fungicidal activity to silage for preservation purposes. For example, formaldehyde and hexamethylenetetramine are used as such preservatives. Organic acids such as formic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, sorbic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid and sulfosalicylic acid, optionally in the form of esters or salts, are also used. Known preservatives have only a partial effect on certain species of undesirable microorganisms, or generally have little effect.

It has now been found that acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, as well as their esters and salts, are very suitable as silage preservatives. These simply unsaturated acids and their derivatives are unexpectedly strongly 57688 bactericidal and fungicidal. Although these acids do not differ in principle in their acidity or structure from the acids hitherto used as preservatives, their potency is considerably higher.

According to the invention, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid as well as esters and salts of these acids, optionally also mixtures of these substances, are used as preservatives. Suitable esters are, in particular, those whose alcohol component is ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, glycerol or a monovalent aliphatic alkanol having a straight-chain or branched chain containing 1 to δ carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 1 carbon atoms, especially ethanol. . In salts, the basic component is either an organic base, preferably a nitrogen base such as hexamethylene tetramine, or a metal, preferably an alkali or alkaline earth metal, especially sodium, potassium or calcium. The acids, esters or salts may optionally be up to about 50%: up to polymers.

The preservatives according to the invention are suitable for all common silage, such as silage made from maize and beets.

The preservatives of the invention can generally be used in any form. They can be added, for example, to solid silage or sprayed on them as liquids. In some cases, it may be appropriate to add the substances as solutions. As solvents for acids and salts, water is usually considered. Suitable solvents for the esters are suitably alcohols, such as 1,2-propylene glycol or glycerol, or esters, such as 1,2-propylene glycol dipropionate or glycerol triacetate, and optionally also mixtures of such liquids. In addition, it may be appropriate to add to these substances, whether solid or liquid, inert solids, such as, for example, silicic acid, diatomaceous earth, bolus alba or polymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid or their esters or salts, respectively. With the addition of such substances, it is also possible to convert the liquid substance into a spreadable solid.

The amounts of the preservatives according to the invention used in individual cases depend essentially on the quality of the silage. In general, it is convenient to add so much preservative to the silage that the total concentration of preservative is about 0.01-2.0% by weight, preferably about 0.02-0.08% by weight.

Example 1

Lucerne silage was prepared in gas-tight sealed glass containers. A total of 50 samples were made, comprising 5 groups of 10 similar samples: group 1 without any addition group 2 added 0.1 wt. # Propionic acid group 3 added 0.08 # acrylic acid group h added 0.1 wt.% Ethyl acrylate group 5 added 0 , 1 wt. # Calcium acrylate 57688 The quality of the samples was determined according to FLIEE (Brockhaus, ABC der Landwirtschft, VEB Brockhaus-Verlag, Leipzig, 2nd edition (1962), part 1, pages 1 + 1 + 2-1 + 1 + 3 ): Reading of samples Quality according to FLIEG

Group Poor Moderate Satisfactory Good Very good 1 8 1 1 0 0 2 1 2 5 11 3 0 1 1 5 3 1+ 0 2 5 2 1 5 1 1 1+ 3 1

Example 2

The procedure was otherwise as in Example 1, except that 0.1% by weight of acrylic acid was added to Group 3 and 0.1% by weight of propylene glycol diacrylate to Group 1+. The results were as follows: Reading of samples Quality according to FLIEG

Group Poor Moderate Satisfactory Good Very good 1 8 1 10 0 2 1 2 1 + 2 1 3 0 1 2 5 2 1 + 0 1 3 1+ 2 5 1 2 3 3 1

Example 3

Silage feed was prepared from the grasses into gas-tight sealed glass containers. A total of 60 samples were made, comprising 5 groups of 12 similar samples: group 1: without any addition group 2 'added 0.1+ wt. # Propionic acid group 3: added 0.5 wt.% Sodium acrylate group 1+: added 1, 0 weight # sodium acrylate group 5: added 2.0 weight # sodium acrylate.

The quality of the samples was determined according to FLIEG: Number of samples Quality according to FLIEG

Group Poor Moderate Satisfactory Good Very good 19 2 10 0 2 1 1+ 5 1 1 3 13 1 + 3 1 1+ 0 2 3 5 2 5 0 1 3 6 2