ES2146647T3 - Composiciones de fluidos de trabajo para refrigeracion que contienen difluoroetano o pentafluoroetano. - Google Patents
Composiciones de fluidos de trabajo para refrigeracion que contienen difluoroetano o pentafluoroetano.Info
- Publication number
- ES2146647T3 ES2146647T3 ES94905577T ES94905577T ES2146647T3 ES 2146647 T3 ES2146647 T3 ES 2146647T3 ES 94905577 T ES94905577 T ES 94905577T ES 94905577 T ES94905577 T ES 94905577T ES 2146647 T3 ES2146647 T3 ES 2146647T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- sub
- compositions
- refrigerants
- acids
- pentafluoroethane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
- C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/50—Medical uses
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
SE PRESENTAN COMPOSICIONES DE FLUIDOS DE TRABAJO DE REFRIGERACION QUE CONTIENEN LOS REFRIGERANTES R125 (PENTAFLUORETANO) O R152A (1,1-DIFLUORETANO) Y CIERTOS ESTERES DE POLIOL DE ACIDOS ALCANOICOS RAMIFICADOS C{SUB,7} A C{SUB,10} O MEZCLAS DE TALES ACIDOS RAMIFICADOS CON ACIDOS NO ALCANOICOS LINEALES C{SUB,7} A C{SUB,10}. LOS POLIOLES SON NEOPENTILGLICOL, PENTAERITRITOL DE GRADO TECNICO Y TRIMETILOLPROPANO; LOS ESTERES PRESENTAN UNAS GAMAS DE VISCOSIDAD ADECUADAS Y SE PUEDEN MEZCLAR CON REFRIGERANTES A LO LARGO DE UNA AMPLIA GAMA COMPOSITIVA. LOS ACIDOS TIENEN UNA LONGITUD DEFINIDA MEDIA EFECTIVA DE LA CADENA DE CARBONO PARA QUE SE PUEDAN MEZCLAR CON LOS REFRIGERANTES EN UNA CANTIDAD DE UN 5 A UN 55% EN PESO DE LUBRICANTE DE ESTER.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US148293A | 1993-01-07 | 1993-01-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES2146647T3 true ES2146647T3 (es) | 2000-08-16 |
Family
ID=21696233
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES94905577T Expired - Lifetime ES2146647T3 (es) | 1993-01-07 | 1994-01-03 | Composiciones de fluidos de trabajo para refrigeracion que contienen difluoroetano o pentafluoroetano. |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5494597A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0678115B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP3510888B2 (es) |
CN (1) | CN1072253C (es) |
AU (2) | AU5963494A (es) |
BR (1) | BR9405745A (es) |
CA (1) | CA2153388C (es) |
DE (1) | DE69423610T2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2146647T3 (es) |
IL (1) | IL108066A0 (es) |
MX (1) | MX9400322A (es) |
SG (1) | SG48275A1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO1994016028A1 (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA9471B (es) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7052626B1 (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 2006-05-30 | Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corporation | Fluid compositions containing refrigeration oils and chlorine-free fluorocarbon refrigerants |
ZA928934B (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1994-05-19 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Refrigeration working fluid compositions |
US5976399A (en) * | 1992-06-03 | 1999-11-02 | Henkel Corporation | Blended polyol ester lubricants for refrigerant heat transfer fluids |
DE69433868T2 (de) * | 1993-05-27 | 2005-06-30 | Tonen Corp. | Kühlschranköl |
US5665686A (en) * | 1995-03-14 | 1997-09-09 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Polyol ester compositions with unconverted hydroxyl groups |
US5674822A (en) * | 1995-09-21 | 1997-10-07 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Synthetic ester base stocks for low emission lubricants |
US5707871A (en) * | 1996-02-07 | 1998-01-13 | Thermo King Corporation | Method and kit for testing polyolester lubricants used in refrigerant compressors |
TW349119B (en) * | 1996-04-09 | 1999-01-01 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co | Polyol ester based-lubricant |
SE504879C2 (sv) * | 1996-06-24 | 1997-05-20 | Perstorp Ab | Kylsystemsarbetsfluid innehållande som smörjmedel en hyperförgrenad makromolekyl av polyestertyp |
JP4564111B2 (ja) * | 1998-09-02 | 2010-10-20 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 冷凍機油 |
US6374629B1 (en) | 1999-01-25 | 2002-04-23 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricant refrigerant composition for hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants |
US20020055442A1 (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2002-05-09 | Schnur Nicholas E. | Method of reducing wear of metal surfaces and maintaining a hydrolytically stable environment in refrigeration equipment during the operation of such equipment |
US6526764B1 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2003-03-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant compositions soluble in lubricating oil |
US6742345B2 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2004-06-01 | The Penray Companies, Inc. | Temperature control system using aqueous 1,3-propanediol solution |
US6774093B2 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-08-10 | Hatco Corporation | High viscosity synthetic ester lubricant base stock |
GB2447629A (en) * | 2007-03-19 | 2008-09-24 | Rpl Holdings Ltd | Refrigerant composition comprising three hydrofluorocarbon components |
JP5290533B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2013-09-18 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
WO2008120536A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-09 | Nippon Oil Corporation | 冷凍機油組成物及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
US8402778B2 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2013-03-26 | National Refrigerants, Inc. | Method for enhancing mineral oil miscibility and oil return |
CN104039939A (zh) | 2011-12-27 | 2014-09-10 | 日本太阳石油株式会社 | 冷冻机油组合物 |
JP6135017B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-01 | 2017-05-31 | Khネオケム株式会社 | 混合エステル |
JP5882860B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-30 | 2016-03-09 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
TWI522456B (zh) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-02-21 | Novel refrigeration oil |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4755316A (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1988-07-05 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Refrigeration lubricants |
GB8806923D0 (en) * | 1988-03-23 | 1988-04-27 | Ici Plc | Lubricants |
US4851144A (en) * | 1989-01-10 | 1989-07-25 | The Dow Chemical Company | Lubricants for refrigeration compressors |
DK0422185T4 (da) * | 1989-04-25 | 2008-11-10 | Lubrizol Corp | Carboxylsyreesterholdige væskeblandinger |
KR950005694B1 (ko) * | 1989-07-05 | 1995-05-29 | 가부시끼가이샤 교오세끼 세이힝기주쓰 겡뀨쇼 | 냉각윤활제 |
JP2801703B2 (ja) * | 1989-09-01 | 1998-09-21 | 花王株式会社 | 冷凍機油 |
EP0430657A1 (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-06-05 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Lubricant for refrigerators |
DK0435253T3 (da) * | 1989-12-28 | 1994-06-20 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | Køleolier til brug sammen med hydrogenholdige halogencarbonkølemidler |
JPH03217494A (ja) * | 1990-01-22 | 1991-09-25 | Kao Corp | 冷凍機油 |
EP0449406B1 (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1997-04-09 | Tonen Corporation | Esters as lubricants for a haloalkane refrigerant |
DE4006827A1 (de) * | 1990-03-05 | 1991-09-12 | Hoechst Ag | Verwendung von esteroelen als schmiermittel fuer kaeltemittelverdichter |
AU640019B2 (en) * | 1990-05-22 | 1993-08-12 | Unichema Chemie Bv | Lubricants |
US5021179A (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1991-06-04 | Henkel Corporation | Lubrication for refrigerant heat transfer fluids |
GB2247466B (en) * | 1990-07-23 | 1994-11-16 | Castrol Ltd | Retrofilling mechanical vapour recompression heat transfer devices |
JP2573111B2 (ja) * | 1990-09-12 | 1997-01-22 | 花王 株式会社 | 冷凍機作動流体用組成物 |
ES2104738T3 (es) * | 1991-01-17 | 1997-10-16 | Cpi Eng Services Inc | Composicion lubricante para refrigerantes fluorados. |
EP0536940B1 (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 2001-11-21 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Working fluids |
JP4270795B2 (ja) * | 2002-02-28 | 2009-06-03 | ハネウェル・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド | カラーディスプレイ用のサブピクセルを再マッピングする方法および装置 |
-
1993
- 1993-12-17 IL IL10806693A patent/IL108066A0/xx unknown
-
1994
- 1994-01-03 DE DE69423610T patent/DE69423610T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-03 EP EP94905577A patent/EP0678115B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-03 SG SG1996008617A patent/SG48275A1/en unknown
- 1994-01-03 JP JP51614194A patent/JP3510888B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-03 ES ES94905577T patent/ES2146647T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-03 BR BR9405745A patent/BR9405745A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-03 AU AU59634/94A patent/AU5963494A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-01-03 CA CA002153388A patent/CA2153388C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-03 WO PCT/US1994/000063 patent/WO1994016028A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-01-06 MX MX9400322A patent/MX9400322A/es unknown
- 1994-01-06 ZA ZA9471A patent/ZA9471B/xx unknown
- 1994-01-06 CN CN94100114A patent/CN1072253C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-30 US US08/298,515 patent/US5494597A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-05-26 AU AU69003/98A patent/AU715115B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3510888B2 (ja) | 2004-03-29 |
WO1994016028A1 (en) | 1994-07-21 |
CA2153388A1 (en) | 1994-07-21 |
AU715115B2 (en) | 2000-01-20 |
JPH08505422A (ja) | 1996-06-11 |
EP0678115A1 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
US5494597A (en) | 1996-02-27 |
MX9400322A (es) | 1994-07-29 |
IL108066A0 (en) | 1994-04-12 |
ZA9471B (en) | 1994-08-17 |
SG48275A1 (en) | 1998-04-17 |
AU6900398A (en) | 1998-07-16 |
AU5963494A (en) | 1994-08-15 |
BR9405745A (pt) | 1995-12-05 |
EP0678115B1 (en) | 2000-03-22 |
CN1072253C (zh) | 2001-10-03 |
CN1091148A (zh) | 1994-08-24 |
CA2153388C (en) | 2004-03-30 |
DE69423610T2 (de) | 2000-11-16 |
DE69423610D1 (de) | 2000-04-27 |
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