Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
  • D03D15/30—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the fibres or filaments
  • D03D15/37—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the fibres or filaments with specific cross-section or surface shape
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
  • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
  • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
  • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
  • D03D15/527—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads waterproof or water-repellent
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
  • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
  • D03D15/54—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads coloured
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
  • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
  • D03D15/56—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads elastic
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
  • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
  • D03D15/573—Tensile strength
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D7/00—Bathing gowns; Swim-suits, drawers, or trunks; Beach suits
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyurethanes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/02—Moisture-responsive characteristics
  • D10B2401/021—Moisture-responsive characteristics hydrophobic
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
  • D10B2401/061—Load-responsive characteristics elastic
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
  • D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a woven fabric.
• Water repellency is an important factor in fabric used for clothing intended to be worn in water, such as swimsuits. This is to prevent an increase in the underwater weight of fabric to hinder movement in water when the fabric absorbs or retains water.
• Water repellency is particularly important for preventing an increase in the underwater weight of a swimsuit, and a swimsuit has been proposed that is highly compatible with water repellents and has high water repellency by using a specific polyurethane elastic yarn containing 0.5 to 10 mass% of a cationic high-molecular compound having a number-average molecular weight of 2000 or more (Patent Document 1). It is true that the swimsuit has high water repellency, but this is merely a feature obtained by improvement in the water repellency performance of the yarn, and required properties such as high water repellency and low water retention rate cannot be satisfied depending on the structure of fabric. For example, in a material having large voids between yarns, it is inferred that water is retained in the voids to cause an increase in underwater weight even if a raw yarn having excellent water repellency is used.
• Patent Document 2 it has been proposed to obtain buoyancy from a hollow part by using a raw yarn having a C-shaped hollow cross section. It is true that the C-shaped hollow cross section has high hollowness and can provide excellent buoyancy, but the water repellency performance of the hollow part is deteriorated due to repeated wearing, and in a case where water enters the inside of the hollow part, the C-shaped hollow cross section conversely acts to increase the underwater weight of a swimsuit. In addition, the effect of improving water repellency by the raw yarn structure cannot be expected, and the feature is insufficient from the viewpoint of water repellency.
• Patent Document 3 a method for reducing flowing water resistance by forming a weave structure with a large number of float yarns in the body length direction of a woven fabric for swimsuits.
• Patent Document 3 mentions that the flowing water resistance can be effectively reduced by using, as the float yarn, a raw yarn having a specific cross-section shape with an inlet constriction type groove.
• This method is only intended to reduce the flowing water resistance, and an increase in the number of float yarns makes inter-structure voids larger in the fabric structure, so that the fabric has excellent buoyancy in the short term.
• water is retained in the inter-structure voids over time or due to a crumpling effect on the fabric by exercise to cause an increase in underwater weight.
• a water-repellent woven fabric intended to be worn in water has various required properties such as stretchability, water repellency, low water retention rate, and buoyancy. Among them, it is desirable to form a dense structure in which the porosity of the fabric is lowered for a low water retention rate. Conversely, since buoyancy is improved by containing air in the fabric, it is desirable that the porosity of the fabric is high, and a structure incompatible with the low water retention rate is required. In addition, in order to obtain buoyancy, air contained in the fabric is required to remain in the fabric in spite of the crumpling effect by exercise or even after wearing for a long time.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a water-repellent woven fabric that satisfies these conflicting required properties, has excellent water repellency, low water retention rate, and buoyancy, and can maintain these properties.
• the present invention has the following configuration.
• the synthetic fiber multifilament yarn having a specific cross-section shape with the plurality of grooves continuous in the fiber length direction, and the elastic fiber are mix-woven and subjected to water repellent finish, so that excellent stretchability is provided by the elastic fiber, and in addition, a water repellent penetrates into the grooves of the synthetic fiber multifilament yarn to provide a lotus effect, and exhibit high water repellency and durability thereof. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a water-repellent woven fabric having high buoyancy by entrapping air into the grooves of a raw yarn of the synthetic fiber multifilament yarn while preventing deterioration of a water retention rate by water entering the structure by performing high-density weaving so as to make inter-structure voids smaller.
• the woven fabric of the present invention can provide excellent buoyancy when used in water.
• a woven fabric of the present invention is a woven fabric including a synthetic fiber multifilament yarn and an elastic fiber.
• the woven fabric is a stretch woven fabric having stretchability by including the elastic fiber. Therefore, hereinafter, the above woven fabric may be referred to as a stretch woven fabric.
• At least a part of the synthetic fiber multifilament yarn used in the present invention includes, as a constituent single fiber, a synthetic fiber including a single fiber having, on its surface, a plurality of grooves continuous in the fiber length direction.
• the single fiber is a fiber having a transverse sectional shape in which a plurality of grooves 12 each having a wide part on its outer circumference are present with a protrusion 11 interposed therebetween (hereinafter, the cross-section shape may be referred to as a "specific cross-section shape", and the fiber having the specific cross-section shape may be referred to as a "specific cross-section fiber").
• a depth (H) of each groove in the above specific cross-section shape is preferably 1.0 ⁇ m to 10.0 ⁇ m.
• Water droplets adhering to the fiber surface enter the groove due to their own weights or a crumpling effect, and when reaching the bottom surface of the groove, the water droplets adhere thereto and the fiber gets wet, resulting in deterioration of a water retention rate and buoyancy.
• the groove is deep, the water droplets are pushed up to the toward the upper part of the groove by surface tension of water droplets, and the fiber exhibits water repellency without being wet.
• the diameter of a single fiber filament is 12 to 26 ⁇ m.
• the depth of the groove is 10.0 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 8.0 ⁇ m or less.
• the diameter of the single fiber filament is small, it is preferable to control, within the above range, the depth of the groove to such an extent that the raw yarn strength does not excessively decrease, preferably a relationship between the diameter and the depth of the groove to a range to be described later.
• the depth of the groove is preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more as described above, and more preferably 2.0 ⁇ m or more.
• the depth (H) of the groove in the specific cross-section fiber is defined as a distance on a perpendicular line 22 from an intersection of a straight line 21 connecting the ends of the protrusions 11 present with the groove interposed therebetween in Fig.
• the distance of the straight line 21 is defined as a width (W1) of an inlet of the groove) and the perpendicular line 22, to a contact point 23 between the perpendicular line 22 and a fiber polymer portion by drawing the perpendicular line 22 from the straight line 21 to a center point 13 (not shown in Fig. 2 ) of a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the synthetic fiber filament (a center point of a circumcircle circumscribing most tops of the protrusions).
• center point 13 is defined as a center point of a circle circumscribing most tops of the protrusions (hereinafter referred to as a circumcircle) in the fiber polymer cross section, and the diameter of the circumcircle is defined as a fiber diameter (D) 14.
• the width (W1) of the inlet of the groove is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 10.0 ⁇ m.
• the width of the inlet of the groove is in the above preferable range, high water repellency performance can be exhibited by obtaining surface tension by the surface tension of water droplets.
• the width of the inlet of the groove is too small, a water repellent does not penetrate into the groove and it is difficult to obtain water repellency.
• the width is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more.
• the width of the inlet of the groove is desirably 10.0 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 8.0 ⁇ m or less.
• the width (W1) of the inlet of the groove a width (W2) 24 of the wide part of the groove, and the depth (H) of the groove with respect to the fiber diameter (D) 14 in the specific cross-section fiber used in the present invention will be described below.
• the width (W2) of the wide part of the groove is the maximum section when the length orthogonal to the center line of the groove is measured toward the center of the fiber from the outer circumference along the center line.
• a ratio W2/W1 of the width (W2) of the wide part of the groove to the width (W1) of the inlet of the groove is set to 1.3 or more, which is preferable in that more air can be entrapped inside the groove, and the buoyancy and the water repellency can be improved.
• W2/W1 is more preferably 1.5 or more, and still more preferably 1.8 or more.
• W2/W1 is 3.0 or less. The shape of the inlet of the groove is maintained, so that it is possible to maintain the feature.
• a ratio (H/D) of the groove depth (H) to the fiber diameter (D) is 0.15 or more to 0.25 or less.
• H/D is more preferably 0.17 or more to less than 0.22.
• a single fiber filament having the grooves on its surface used in the present invention a single fiber filament in which a protrusion top width 31 (Pout), the width (W1) of the inlet of the groove, and a width (Pmin) 32 of the bottom surface of the grooves adjacent to the protrusion top width (Pout) 31 satisfy the following formula can be more preferably used.
• the above width (Pout) 31 of the top of the protrusion is a shortest distance connecting one end and the other end of the protrusion, and is a distance indicated by reference numeral 31 in Fig. 3 .
• protrusion bottom surface width 32 (Pmin) is, in other words, a distance connecting contact points of an inscribed circle of the grooves adjacent to each other with the protrusion interposed therebetween, and is a distance indicated by reference numeral 32 in Fig. 3 .
• Pout / W 1 2 to 10 Pout / Pmin ⁇ 1.3
• the shape of the groove in the specific cross-section fiber is preferably a shape (such as a teardrop shape or a hexagonal shape) in which, when the groove is observed in the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the fiber, the wide part wider than the width of the inlet is provided in a range from the inlet of the groove to the bottom surface of the groove, and the width of the groove gradually becomes narrower from the wide part toward the bottom surface of the groove.
• the plurality of grooves are provided in the specific cross-section fiber.
• the groove may not be present at a boundary surface with water depending on the orientation of the fiber, and the effect of improving the water repellency cannot be obtained.
• the number of grooves is preferably 2 to 32, and more preferably 4 to 16.
• the width of the top of the protrusion in the fiber cross-section shape is not too small, and fibrils and fluffs are not generated on a product surface in a processing step or at the time of using a product.
• the core-sheath conjugate fiber includes two types of polymers, the cross section of a core component has the above-described shape, and the specific cross-section fiber can be obtained by eluting a sheath component with a solvent or the like.
• the core component polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyamide such as nylon 6, or the like can be used.
• the sheath component is preferably a copolymerized polyester, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, or the like that is soluble in an aqueous solvent, hot water, or the like.
• a polyester copolymerized singly or in combination with polyethylene glycol or sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, or polylactic acid from the viewpoint of handleability and easy dissolution in an aqueous solvent.
• the mass ratio of the core component and the sheath component is preferably in a range of 50 : 50 to 90 : 10.
• the ratio of the sheath component, which is an eluted component is larger, a larger air layer can be formed in the cross section of the raw yarn, which is preferable for improving the buoyancy.
• the above range is preferable, and a range of 60 : 40 to 80 : 20 is more preferable.
• At least a part of the synthetic fiber multifilament yarn used in the present invention is the above specific cross-section fiber, and the entire synthetic fiber multifilament yarn may be the above specific cross-section fiber or another multifilament may be used.
• the other multifilament may be a multifilament having a fiber cross section other than the above specific cross-section fiber.
• a material constituting such a multifilament polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyamide such as nylon 6, or the like can be used.
• the synthetic fiber multifilament is preferably a non-crimped multifilament as described below.
• the entire synthetic fiber multifilament yarn is the specific cross-section fiber, it is also preferable to be non-crimped.
• using non-crimped multifilament is also preferable from the viewpoint of reducing the porosity of the woven fabric.
• the crimps make inter-structure voids larger.
• the synthetic fiber multifilament it is preferable to use a so-called non-crimped multifilament (hereinafter, also referred to as a non-crimped fiber) having substantially no crimp.
• a non-crimped fiber having substantially no crimp.
• the inter-structure voids can be further made smaller.
• substantially no crimp or “non-crimped” means that crimps are not actively imparted as in crimping such as false twisting or in an actualized crimped conjugate fiber (weave crimp inevitably generated by weaving is not regarded as crimp).
• an elastic fiber As a means for making the inter-structure voids smaller other than using the non-crimped fiber, there is a method of forming a high-density woven fabric by mix-weaving an elastic fiber.
• an elastic fiber used here, a polyurethane spandex or a polyether/ester-based elastic fiber, a polybutylene terephthalate fiber or a polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber, and a conjugate fiber obtained by bonding the above-mentioned polymer having different shrinkage properties in a side-by-side or eccentric core-sheath shape can be used.
• Such an elastic fiber is also preferably a non-crimped fiber for the same reason as the above synthetic fiber multifilament yarn.
• a covering coated thread using such an elastic fiber as a core yarn may be used.
• a covering coated thread formed by using, particularly, the polyurethane spandex among the elastic fibers as a core yarn and the synthetic fiber multifilament as a sheath yarn is superior in elongation rate and elongation recovery rate, and is preferably used for a swimsuit, particularly a swimsuit for competitive swimming.
• the specific cross-section fiber used in the present invention can be woven, dyed, and functionally processed by a normal method.
• the weave structure is not specifically limited as long as it satisfies the porosity of the woven fabric defined in the present invention.
• Examples thereof include plain weave, modified plain weave such as ripstop structure, twill weave, satin weave, modified twill weave, modified satin weave, variable weave, crest weave, one-ply weave, double weave structure, multiple weave structure, warp pile weave, weft pile weave, and gauze weave, and among these, plain weave and modified plain weave such as ripstop structure are preferable in that the number of interlace points is easily secured.
• a material woven at a high density is preferable in order to achieve a low water retention rate
• a total cover factor (Cf) is preferably 2300 or more.
• the Cf is more preferably 2500 or more, and still more preferably 2700 or more.
• the Cf is preferably 3500 or less, and more preferably 3000 or less from the viewpoint of obtaining the woven fabric excellent in tear strength.
• the porosity of the woven fabric is 75% or less, preferably 70% or less.
• the porosity calculated by the above parameter includes inter-structure voids of the weaving yarn such as the synthetic fiber multifilament yarn constituting the weave structure, voids between single fiber strands constituting the synthetic fiber multifilament yarn, and voids due to hollow parts such as the grooves in the specific cross-section fiber.
• the porosity In order to prevent a decrease in the water retention rate, it is necessary to control the porosity to 75% or less.
• the porosity can be controlled to 75% or less by weaving the non-crimped fiber with less expansion of a yarn bundle with a Cf of 2500 or more to 3500 or less where a high density is obtained within a range not causing problems in tear strength and productivity by using a structure such as plain weave having many interlace points to easily obtain a high density within a range not leading to deterioration of tear strength and productivity as described above.
• a covering thread obtained by covering polyurethane (PU) having a strong shrinkage force with the non-crimped fiber at a high density a denser and higher-density woven fabric can be obtained by the shrinkage force of PU.
• the porosity resulting from the fiber cross-section shape of the single fiber having the plurality of grooves on the surface is set to a range of 3 to 30%. Within the range, the porosity is preferably 10 to 30%.
• the porosity resulting from the fiber cross-section shape of the single fiber having the plurality of grooves on the surface is a value calculated by the following method.
• a value obtained by subtracting the area (actual area) of the cross section of the actual specific cross-section fiber from the area of the circumcircle in greatest contact with the outer circumference of the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the fiber length direction of the specific cross-section fiber is taken as the area of the voids, and the ratio to the area of the above circumcircle is taken as the porosity.
• the fiber cross-section shape is a round cross section and the fiber is a solid fiber (hereinafter referred to as a solid round cross-section fiber)
• the outer circumference thereof theoretically coincides with the circumcircle, and the porosity is 0%.
• the area of the circumcircle is larger than the area of the specific cross-section fiber itself.
• the area of a difference therebetween divided by the area of the circumcircle and expressed as a percentage is the "porosity resulting from the fiber cross-section shape of the single fiber having the plurality of grooves on the surface" (hereinafter referred to as a "porosity resulting from the cross-section shape of the specific cross-section fiber) per single fiber of the specific cross-section fiber.
• Vcs Ac ⁇ a / Ac ⁇ 100 %
• the specific cross-section shape of the core-sheath conjugate fiber before elution of the sheath component is a solid round cross section
• the specific cross-section shape is developed by elution of the sheath component, and there is no large difference in density between the eluted component and the non-eluted component (for example, as a guide, in a case where the ratio of the absolute value of a difference between two densities to the density of the component having a larger density is 10% or less, or the like)
• an elution rate in the elution treatment for eluting the sheath component from the core-sheath conjugate fiber may be substituted for the porosity resulting from the cross-section shape of the specific cross-section fiber per single fiber in the specific cross-section fiber (hereinafter referred to as a "substitution method").
• a fabric (may be a woven fabric or a knitted fabric) including 100 mass% of the core-sheath conjugate fiber is used, and the ratio of the absolute value of a mass difference before and after the elution treatment to the mass of the fabric before the elution treatment is calculated as a percentage.
• the formula for obtaining Vcs is used to perform the determination.
• a value obtained by multiplying the porosity resulting from the cross-section shape of the specific cross-section fiber per single fiber by the mixing ratio of the solid cross-section fiber (corresponding to the mixing ratio of the core-sheath conjugate fiber in a case where the above substitution method can be used), supposing that the cross section of the specific cross-section fiber is the solid cross section having the above circumcircle as its outer circumference, can be defined as the porosity resulting from the cross-section shape of the specific cross-section fiber in the woven fabric.
• the porosity derived from the cross-section shape of the specific cross-section fiber can be determined by extracting the specific cross-section fiber from the woven fabric, determining the porosity derived from the cross-section shape of the specific cross-section fiber per single fiber, and multiplying the porosity by the above assumed mixing ratio of the solid cross-section fiber.
• the porosity derived from the cross-section shape of the specific cross-section fiber is determined by multiplying the porosity derived from the cross-section shape of the specific cross-section fiber per single fiber of the specific cross-section fiber by the above assumed mixing ratio of 100 mass% of the solid cross-section fiber.
• the specific cross-section fiber used in the present invention desirably uses the core-sheath conjugate fiber as the raw material fiber, and the specific cross-section fiber can develop the specific cross-section shape by elution of the sheath component of the core-sheath conjugate fiber.
• a gray fabric is scoured, relaxed, and dried, and then the width in intermediate set is thermally fixed, and the sheath component is eluted.
• the fabric is dyed, and is subjected to reduction cleaning if the fabric is a polyester material, and is subjected to fixing treatment if the fabric is a nylon material, washed with hot water, and dried.
• a finishing set step is desirably performed by subjecting the fabric to water repellent treatment and various functional processes as necessary.
• water repellent finish is performed to obtain a woven fabric having a water repellent film on the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface, or a woven fabric having a water repellency of grade 4 or higher in a spray test in accordance with JIS L 1092: 2009.
• the water repellent used in the water repellent finish may be any one of fluorine-based, silicone-based, paraffin-based water repellents.
• a fluorine-based water repellent is preferable from the viewpoint of water repellency performance.
• a fluorine-based water repellent having 8 or more carbon atoms is preferable in terms of performance.
• PFOA-free fluorine-based water repellent having 6 carbon atoms C6 water repellent in which there is no possibility of generating perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from the viewpoint of environmental load.
• non-fluorine-based water repellent C0 water repellent
• hydrocarbon-based water repellent such as paraffin-based and acryl-based water repellents, or a silicone-based water repellent alone or in combination.
• the water repellent is preferably used in combination with a cross-linker.
• a cross-linker at least one type of a melamine-based resin, a blocked isocyanate-based compound, a glyoxal-based resin, and an imine-based resin can be used, and the cross-linker is not particularly limited.
• the woven fabric having the water repellent film on the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface is obtained by performing the water repellent finish.
• the presence or absence of the water repellent film on the fiber surface can be confirmed for each fiber present on the front surface of the woven fabric, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface by observing the cross section of the woven fabric in the thickness direction with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
• SEM scanning electron microscope
• the water repellency is preferably grade 4 or higher in accordance with Spray Method of JIS L 1092: 2009. In addition, it is desirable to maintain grade 3 or higher after washing 20 times in accordance with Method 103 of JIS L 0217: 1995.
• the water repellency performance of a water-repellent material deteriorates with washing.
• the durability of water repellency to washing is inferior to the case where a fluorine-based water repellent is used.
• the deterioration of the water repellency can be compensated by using the specific cross-section fiber, and excellent water repellency can also be maintained after washing.
• the woven fabric of the present invention preferably has a water retention rate after 60 minutes of 50 mass% or less, more preferably 40 mass% or less, and still more preferably 30 mass% or less with respect to the mass of the woven fabric.
• the water retention rate is most preferably 0 mass%, but in practice, 3 mass% is assumed as the lower limit.
• a low water retention rate can be achieved depending on the water repellency even in a material having many coarse inter-structure voids.
• the mass of a material at the time of wearing is preferably as light as possible even by 0.1 g from the viewpoint of improving competitive ability, and the woven fabric has a buoyancy of preferably 0.0170 N or more, more preferably 0.0185 N or more, and still more preferably 0.0200 N or more per 1 g of the woven fabric.
• the buoyancy is preferably 0.0300 N or less.
• the buoyancy per 1 g of the woven fabric after the elapse of 20 minutes is preferably 0.0165 N or more, more preferably 0.0180 N or more, and still more preferably 0.0195 N or more.
• the buoyancy per 1 g of the woven fabric after the elapse of 20 minutes is desirably 0.0300 N or less.
• the reason why the buoyancy after the elapse of 20 minutes decreases as compared with the initial buoyancy is that coarse inter-structure voids retain water over time. In a material having many fine voids as in the present invention, the decrease in buoyancy can be minimized.
• the woven fabric preferably has a tear strength of 8 N or more, more preferably 10 N or more, and still more preferably 12 N or more as measured in accordance with JIS L 1096: 1999.
• the woven fabric can be obtained by using a yarn of a single yarn of 1.5 dtex or more and setting the total cover factor to 3000 or less as described above.
• the woven fabric preferably has a burst strength of 200 kPa or more, more preferably 300 kPa or more, and still more preferably 400 kPa or more as measured in accordance with JIS L 1096: 1999.
• the woven fabric can be obtained by using a yarn having a large single yarn fineness and weaving the yarn with a high total cover factor.
• the woven fabric can be obtained by using a yarn of a single yarn of 1.5 dtex or more and setting the total cover factor to 2500 or more.
• the woven fabric of the present invention thus obtained is a water-repellent woven fabric having excellent water repellency, low water retention rate, and buoyancy, and capable of maintaining these properties, and thus can be preferably used for a swimsuit, particularly for a swimsuit for competitive swimming.
• a part of the woven fabric was cut perpendicularly to the fiber axis direction so as to be able to observe the transverse sectional shape of the specific cross-section fiber.
• the specific cross-section fiber was extracted with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation, and the groove inlet width (W 1 ), the groove wide part width (W 2 ), the groove depth (H), and the fiber diameter (D) were measured using image processing software (ImageJ). Furthermore, regarding the protrusion of the specific cross-section fiber, the protrusion top width (P out ) and the protrusion bottom surface width (P min ) were also measured in a similar manner as described above. The same operation was performed on five specific cross-section fibers, and the average value was used as each value. Note that these values were calculated to two decimal places in units of ⁇ m and rounded off to one decimal place.
• a warp yarn and a weft yarn were taken out from the woven fabric, and the apparent density thereof was measured in accordance with "Method for Measuring the Apparent Fineness of Fibers Taken from the Fabric” in JIS L 1096: 2010, Appendix H.
• Method for Measuring the Apparent Fineness of Fibers Taken from the Fabric in JIS L 1096: 2010, Appendix H.
• measurement was performed by the method described in "Chapter 3: Measurement of the Apparent Fineness of Fibers Taken from the Fabric after Removal of Non-Fibrous Substance" for removing a non-fibrous substance by the method described in ISO1833-1.
• the mass of the yarn was measured by adjusting the yarn to a moisture equilibrium in a standard state (20°C and 65% RH) and measuring it by Method A, and the apparent fineness was calculated by the following formula.
• the number n of measured yarns was 40 or more.
• Ld Ws / L ⁇ n ⁇ 1000
• the apparent fineness was measured in a state where the yarn extracted from the fabric was covered without being separated into a core yarn: elastic fiber and a sheath yarn: synthetic fiber filament.
• the density of the woven fabric was converted to the density per inch (2.54 cm) by measuring the number of yarns per cm by Method B (Lunometer) of JIS L 1096: 2010, Appendix F.
• the number of measurements was an average of warp and weft measurements at three times.
• the mass per unit area in a standard state (20°C and 65% RH) was measured in accordance with Method A of 8.3.2 of JIS L 1096: 2010. Specifically, three test pieces of 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm were taken, and the mass (g) after allowing each of the test pieces in each standard state to stand for 1 day was weighed, the mass (g/m 2 ) per 1 m 2 was determined by the following formula, and the average value thereof was calculated and rounded off to an integer value.
• Sm W / A
• the thicknesses at 5 different points of a sample subjected to humidity conditioning by Method A were measured under constant pressure after applying a pressure of 23.5 kPa for 10 seconds using a thickness measuring instrument, in accordance with 8.4 of JIS L 1096: 2010, and the average value was calculated.
• a knitted fabric using a core-sheath conjugate fiber having a round cross section before elution produced in Examples and Comparative Examples was produced using a 28G circular knitting machine, and after 24 hours of humidity conditioning in a standard state (20°C, 65% RH), the mass (Wb) before elution was measured.
• the porosity resulting from the fiber cross-section shape of the single fiber having the plurality of grooves on the surface was determined by multiplying the mixing ratio of the core-sheath conjugate fiber in the woven fabric before elution by the elution rate.
• the water repellency was measured in accordance with Water Repellency Test (Spray Test) of JIS L 1092: 2009, 7.2. Three samples of about 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm were collected, a water repellency tester was used, 250 ml of water was poured into a funnel so that the warp direction of the samples was parallel to the flow of water, and the water was sprayed onto the samples in 20 to 25 seconds. Next, a sample holding frame was removed from the tester and held horizontally at one end thereof. With the front side of the test piece being directed downward, the other end thereof was once lightly pressed against a hard object to drop water droplets. One end thereof was rotated through 180° and held, and the same operation as described above was performed to drop extra water droplets. The wet state of the sample while the sample was attached to the holding frame was compared with the comparative sample and determined.
• Fig. 4 is a schematic explanatory view illustrating the buoyancy measurement method.
• a buoyancy tester 40 water 42 was poured into a container 41, a test sample 48 was placed therein, and a suspension-type balance (electronic balance AUY220 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) as a weight scale 43 was fixed thereon.
• the weight scale 43 was held between a support 44 and a plate 46, and a support rod 45 and a metal mesh 47 were attached. As illustrated in Fig.
• the metal mesh 47 was put in the water, the test sample 48 was hung from the weight scale 43 (not illustrated) with the metal mesh 47 interposed therebetween, and the load (value measured by the suspension-type balance) (W2) in water was measured.
• the buoyancy was calculated by W1 - W2.
• Five samples of 3 cm long and 4 cm wide were randomly taken from the woven fabric, the measurement was performed for each sample, and the average value was obtained. For the woven fabric sample at the time of the measurement of W1, the load when the sample was dry was measured.
• a drawn yarn of a core-sheath conjugate fiber (33 dtex/10 filaments) was obtained by using a spinneret designed such that nylon 6 (N6) (density: 1.14 g/cm 3 ) was disposed in the core part and polyethylene terephthalate (copolymerized PET1) (density: 1.26 g/cm 3 ) in which 8.0 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and 10 wt% of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1000 were copolymerized was disposed in the sheath part, separately melting the core part and the sheath part at 270°C, then allowing the core part and the sheath part to flow into the spinneret, and discharging a composite polymer flow from a discharge hole.
• N6 nylon 6
• PET1 polyethylene terephthalate
• a portion located at an interface between the core component and the sheath component was set to the arrangement pattern illustrated in Fig. 5 , and eight teardrop-shaped grooves with wide parts were formed on one single fiber filament surface.
• a distribution hole 52 for sheath component was disposed between distribution holes 51 for core component, whereby the sheath component was disposed so as to be sandwiched between the core components discharged from the distribution holes for core component, resulting in formation of a polymer flow complexed to a core-sheath type in which the specific groove shape was controlled.
• the core-sheath composition ratio was adjusted so as to be 80 : 20 in terms of a mass ratio.
• a sheath yarn the obtained core-sheath conjugate fiber (non-crimped fiber) and a core yarn: chlorine-resistant LYCRA "LYCRA 176E” (polyurethane-based resin (PU), solid fiber) 44 dtex, manufactured by TORAY OPELONTEX CO., LTD. as an elastic fiber were used to produce a single covering thread with a draft ratio of the core yarn of 3.5 (times).
• LYCRA 176E polyurethane-based resin (PU), solid fiber
• the single covering thread was used for a warp yarn and a weft yarn to produce a plain woven fabric, and the same gray fabric in a spread state was subjected to relaxation and scouring, and then preset according to a conventional method. Subsequently, by performing treatment at a bath ratio of 1 : 30 at 100°C for 60 minutes in 1 mass% of a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution using jet dyeing, 100% of the sheath component was eluted, and the core-sheath conjugate fiber in the woven fabric was formed into the specific cross-section fiber.
• the resulting woven fabric was dyed black with an acidic dye by a conventional method using a jet dyeing machine. Then, soaping treatment using an aqueous surfactant solution and fixing treatment were each performed according to a conventional method.
• the resulting woven fabric was immersed in a non-fluorine water repellent finishing solution with the following formulation, squeezed with a mangle at a squeezing rate of 60%, dried at 130°C for 2 minutes, and further subjected to final setting at 160°C for curing as well.
• the resulting woven fabric had a warp density of 196 yarns/2.54 cm and a weft density of 179 yarns/2.54 cm, and a mixing ratio of 69 mass% of nylon 6 (Ny) and 31 mass% of PU.
• the weight per unit area was 103 g/m 2 and the thickness was 0.30 mm, and when the porosity of the woven fabric was calculated from these values, and the density 1.14 g/cm 3 of the component constituting the nylon fiber and the density 1.0 g/cm 3 of the PU fiber, the porosity was 68.8%.
• the inlet width of each groove was 0.6 ⁇ m
• the specific cross-section shape having the teardrop-shaped grooves with the wide parts was developed.
• the width of the top of the protrusion was 4.9 ⁇ m, and peeling or collapse of the protrusion did not occur in the processing step.
• the resulting woven fabric was used to evaluate the water repellency by the spray method, water retention rate, and buoyancy.
• the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
• the water repellent film was formed on the fiber surface on all of the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface, and the water-repellent woven fabric had a low water retention rate and high buoyancy at the initial stage and over time, and was suitable for wearing in water.
• a sheath yarn a semi-dull/round cross-section drawn yarn of nylon 6 of 33 dtex and 10 filaments (solid fiber) and a core yarn: chlorine-resistant LYCRA "LYCRA 176E” 44 dtex, manufactured by TORAY OPELONTEX CO., LTD. were used to produce a single covering thread with a draft ratio of the core yarn of 3.5 (times).
• the single covering thread using the round cross section was used for a warp yarn, a single covering thread using a core-sheath conjugate fiber similar to that in Example 1 was used for a weft yarn, and elution treatment, dyeing, and water repellent finish were performed by steps similar to those in Example 1.
• the resulting woven fabric had a warp density of 194 yarns/2.54 cm and a weft density of 181 yarns/2.54 cm, and a mixing ratio of 71 mass% of Ny and 29 mass% of PU.
• the weight per unit area was 113 g/m 2 and the thickness was 0.31 mm, and when the porosity of the woven fabric was calculated by a calculation method similar to that in Example 1, the porosity was 66.9%.
• the resulting woven fabric was used to evaluate the water repellency by the spray method, water retention rate, and buoyancy.
• the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
• the water repellent film was formed on the fiber surface on all of the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface, and the water-repellent woven fabric had a low water retention rate and high buoyancy at the initial stage and over time, and was suitable for wearing in water.
• a drawn yarn of a core-sheath conjugate fiber (84 dtex/24 filaments) was obtained by using a spinneret designed such that nylon 6 (N6) was disposed in the core part and polyethylene terephthalate (copolymerized PET1) in which 8.0 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and 10 wt% of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1000 were copolymerized was disposed in the sheath part, separately melting the core part and the sheath part at 270°C, then allowing the core part and the sheath part to flow into the spinneret, and discharging a composite polymer flow from a discharge hole.
• the arrangement of a distribution plate was similar to that in Example 1, and the core-sheath composition ratio was adjusted so as to be 80 : 20 in terms of a mass ratio.
• a sheath yarn the obtained core-sheath conjugate fiber and a core yarn: chlorine-resistant LYCRA "LYCRA 176E” (polyurethane-based resin (PU), solid fiber) 78 dtex, manufactured by TORAY OPELONTEX CO., LTD. as an elastic fiber were used to produce a single covering thread with a draft ratio of the core yarn of 3.5 (times).
• LYCRA 176E polyurethane-based resin (PU), solid fiber
• the single covering thread was used for a warp yarn and a weft yarn to produce a plain woven fabric, and elution treatment, dyeing, and water repellent finish were performed by steps similar to those in Example 1.
• the resulting woven fabric had a warp density of 150 yarns/2.54 cm and a weft density of 112 yarns/2.54 cm, and a mixing ratio of 76 mass% of Ny and 24 mass% of PU.
• the weight per unit area was 201 g/m 2 and the thickness was 0.56 mm, and when the porosity of the woven fabric was calculated by a calculation method similar to that in Example 1, the porosity was 70.9%.
• the inlet width of each groove was 0.9 ⁇ m
• the specific cross-section shape having the teardrop-shaped grooves with the wide parts was developed.
• the width of the top of the protrusion was 7.8 ⁇ m, and peeling or collapse of the protrusion did not occur in the processing step.
• the resulting woven fabric was used to evaluate the water repellency by the spray method, water retention rate, and buoyancy.
• the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
• the water repellent film was formed on the fiber surface on all of the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface, and the water-repellent woven fabric had a low water retention rate and high buoyancy at the initial stage and over time, and was suitable for wearing in water.
• Example 2 The same single covering thread as that produced in Example 1 was used for a warp yarn and a weft yarn to produce a woven fabric of ripstop structure, and elution treatment, dyeing, and water repellent finish were performed by steps similar to those in Example 1.
• the resulting woven fabric had a ripstop interval with a pitch of 3 mm in both warp and weft, a warp density of 192 yarns/2.54 cm and a weft density of 174 yarns/2.54 cm, and a mixing ratio of 68 mass% of Ny and 32 mass% of PU.
• the weight per unit area was 105 g/m 2 and the thickness was 0.35 mm, and when the porosity of the woven fabric was calculated by a calculation method similar to that in Example 1, the porosity was 72.7%.
• the fiber cross-section shape of the core-sheath conjugate fiber after elution of the sheath component was similar to that in Example 1.
• the resulting woven fabric was used to evaluate the water repellency by the spray method, water retention rate, and buoyancy.
• the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
• the water repellent film was formed on the fiber surface on all of the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface, and the water-repellent woven fabric had a low water retention rate and high buoyancy at the initial stage and over time, and was suitable for wearing in water.
• a drawn yarn of a core-sheath conjugate fiber (84 dtex/24 filaments) was obtained by using a spinneret designed such that polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (density: 1.38 g/cm 3 ) was disposed in the core part and copolymerized PET1 similar to that in Example 1 was disposed in the sheath part, separately melting the core part and the sheath part at 290°C, then allowing the core part and the sheath part to flow into the spinneret, and discharging a composite polymer flow from a discharge hole.
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• the distribution plate and the core-sheath composition ratio are similar to those in Example 1.
• a sheath yarn the obtained core-sheath conjugate fiber and a core yarn: chlorine-resistant LYCRA "LYCRA 176E” 78 dtex, manufactured by TORAY OPELONTEX CO., LTD. were used to produce a single covering thread with a draft ratio of the core yarn of 3.5 (times).
• the single covering thread was used for a warp yarn and a weft yarn to produce a plain woven fabric. Elution treatment was performed after relaxation and scouring in a manner similar to that in Example 1, and the core-sheath conjugate fiber in the woven fabric was formed into the specific cross-section fiber.
• the resulting woven fabric was dyed black with a disperse dye by a conventional method using a jet dyeing machine. Then, soaping treatment using an aqueous surfactant solution and RC treatment were each performed according to a conventional method, and water repellent treatment was subsequently performed with the same formulation as in Example 1.
• the resulting woven fabric had a warp density of 153 yarns/2.54 cm and a weft density of 115 yarns/2.54 cm, and a mixing ratio of 77 mass% of PET and 23 mass% of PU.
• the weight per unit area was 186 g/m 2 and the thickness was 0.49 mm, and when the porosity of the woven fabric was calculated from these values, and the density 1.38 g/cm 3 of the component constituting the PET fiber and the density 1.0 g/cm 3 of the component constituting the PU fiber, the porosity was 70.9%.
• the inlet width of each groove was 0.7 ⁇ m
• the specific cross-section shape having the teardrop-shaped grooves with the wide parts was developed.
• the width of the top of the protrusion was 7.9 ⁇ m, and peeling or collapse of the protrusion did not occur in the processing step.
• the resulting woven fabric was used to evaluate the water repellency by the spray method, water retention rate, and buoyancy.
• the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
• the water repellent film was formed on the fiber surface on all of the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface, and the water-repellent woven fabric had a low water retention rate and high buoyancy at the initial stage and over time, and was suitable for wearing in water.
• Example 2 A single covering thread similar to that in Example 1 was used for a warp yarn and a weft yarn to produce a gray fabric of plain weave having a lower density than that of Example 1, and elution, dyeing, and water repellent finish were performed by steps similar to those in Example 1.
• the resulting woven fabric had a warp density of 168 yarns/2.54 cm and a weft density of 159 yarns/2.54 cm, and a mixing ratio of 68 mass% of Ny and 32 mass% of PU.
• the weight per unit area was 100 g/m 2 and the thickness was 0.44 mm, and when the porosity of the woven fabric was calculated by a calculation method similar to that in Example 1, the porosity was 79.3%.
• the resulting woven fabric was used to evaluate the water repellency by the spray method, water retention rate, and buoyancy.
• the evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
• the water-repellent woven fabric obtained by this method the water repellent film was formed on the fiber surface on all of the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface, but the water retention rate after 60 minutes was deteriorated, and accordingly, the buoyancy after 20 minutes was also greatly reduced as compared with the initial value. It is inferred that a wearing feeling in water is deteriorated over time or by a crumpling effect.
• Example 3 The single covering thread used in Example 3 was used for a warp yarn and a weft yarn to produce a woven fabric of 1/2 weft twill structure, and elution treatment, dyeing, and water repellent finish were performed by steps similar to those in Example 1.
• the resulting woven fabric had a warp density of 138 yarns/2.54 cm and a weft density of 144 yarns/2.54 cm, and a mixing ratio of 76 mass% of Ny and 24 mass% of PU.
• the weight per unit area was 173 g/m 2 and the thickness was 0.69 mm, and when the porosity of the woven fabric was calculated by a calculation method similar to that in Example 1, the porosity was 77.4%.
• the resulting woven fabric was used to evaluate the water repellency by the spray method, water retention rate, and buoyancy .
• the evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
• the water-repellent woven fabric obtained by this method the water repellent film was formed on the fiber surface on all of the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface, but the water retention rate after 60 minutes was deteriorated, and accordingly, the buoyancy after 20 minutes was also greatly reduced as compared with the initial value. It is inferred that a wearing feeling in water is deteriorated over time or by a crumpling effect.
• a single covering thread using a sheath yarn a semi-dull/round cross-section drawn yarn of nylon 6 of 33 dtex and 10 filaments (solid fiber) similar to that used for a warp yarn in Example 2 was used for a warp yarn and a weft yarn to produce a plain woven fabric, and scouring relaxation, dyeing, and water repellent finish were performed by steps excluding elution treatment from the steps in Example 1.
• the resulting woven fabric had a warp density of 197 yarns/2.54 cm and a weft density of 176 yarns/2.54 cm, and a mixing ratio of 73 mass% of Ny and 27 mass% of PU.
• the weight per unit area was 108 g/m 2 and the thickness was 0.30 mm, and when the porosity of the woven fabric was calculated by a calculation method similar to that in Example 1, the porosity was 67.3%. Since all the used raw yarns have a round cross section, the porosity resulting from the fiber cross-section shape is 0%.
• the resulting woven fabric was used to evaluate the water repellency by the spray method, water retention rate, and buoyancy.
• the evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
• the water-repellent woven fabric obtained by this method the water repellent film was formed on the fiber surface on all of the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface. Although the water retention rate is excellent, the buoyancy is poor, and it is considered that the woven fabric is insufficient in performance required for wearing in water.
• a sheath yarn a semi-dull/round cross-section false-twisted yarn of nylon 6 of 84 dtex and 24 filaments (solid fiber) and a core yarn: chlorine-resistant LYCRA "LYCRA 176E” (PU) 78 dtex, manufactured by TORAY OPELONTEX CO., LTD. as an elastic fiber were used to produce a single covering thread with a draft ratio of the core yarn of 3.5 (times).
• the single covering thread using the round cross section was used for a warp yarn and a weft yarn to produce a woven fabric of 1/2 weft twill structure similar to that in Comparative Example 2, and scouring relaxation, dyeing, and water repellent finish were performed by steps excluding elution treatment from the steps in Example 1.
• the resulting woven fabric had a warp density of 120 yarns/2.54 cm and a weft density of 124 yarns/2.54 cm, and a mixing ratio of 80 mass% of Ny and 20 mass% of PU.
• the weight per unit area was 168 g/m 2 and the thickness was 0.88 mm, and when the porosity of the woven fabric was calculated by a calculation method similar to that in Example 1, the porosity was 66.9%. Since all the used raw yarns have a round cross section, the porosity resulting from the fiber cross-section shape is 0%.
• the resulting woven fabric was used to evaluate the water repellency by the spray method, water retention rate, and buoyancy.
• the evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
• the water-repellent woven fabric obtained by this method the water repellent film was formed on the fiber surface on all of the front surface, the inside of the woven fabric, and the back surface.
• the water retention rate is low from the initial stage, and the buoyancy is also greatly reduced over time. From this, it is considered that the woven fabric has a poor wearing feeling in water and is insufficient for required performance.
• Example 1 Example 2
• Example 3 Example 4
• Example 5 Use of yarn Warp Ny: 33T - 10 (+1) ⁇ PU: 44T Ny: 33T-10 (round cross section) ⁇ PU: 44T Ny: 84T - 24 (*1) ⁇ PU78T Ny: 33T - 10 (*1) ⁇ PU: 44T PET: 84T - 24 (*1) ⁇ PU78T Weft Ny: 33T - 10 (*1) ⁇ PU: 44T Ny: 33T - 10 (*1) ⁇ PU: 44T Ny: 84T - 24 (*1) ⁇ PU78T Ny: 33T - 10 (*1) ⁇ PU: 44T PET: 84T - 24 (*1) ⁇ PU78T Mixing ratio (Mass basis) Core-sheath conjugate fiber 73%/PU 27% Core-sheath conjugate fiber 36.5%/Ny 36.5%/ PU 27% Core-sheath conjugate fiber 80%/PU 20% Core-she

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