EP4452692A1 - Sensoranordnung und verfahren zur erfassung eines verhaltens eines fahrzeugbenutzers im fahrgastraum eines kraftfahrzeuges - Google Patents
Sensoranordnung und verfahren zur erfassung eines verhaltens eines fahrzeugbenutzers im fahrgastraum eines kraftfahrzeugesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4452692A1 EP4452692A1 EP22843823.0A EP22843823A EP4452692A1 EP 4452692 A1 EP4452692 A1 EP 4452692A1 EP 22843823 A EP22843823 A EP 22843823A EP 4452692 A1 EP4452692 A1 EP 4452692A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- steering wheel
- seat
- sensor arrangement
- coil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/04—Hand wheels
- B62D1/06—Rims, e.g. with heating means; Rim covers
- B62D1/065—Steering wheels with heating and ventilating means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/002—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon
- B60N2/0021—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement
- B60N2/0024—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement for identifying, categorising or investigation of the occupant or object on the seat
- B60N2/0027—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement for identifying, categorising or investigation of the occupant or object on the seat for detecting the position of the occupant or of occupant's body part
- B60N2/0028—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement for identifying, categorising or investigation of the occupant or object on the seat for detecting the position of the occupant or of occupant's body part of a body part, e.g. of an arm or a leg
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
- B60K35/10—Input arrangements, i.e. from user to vehicle, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/002—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon
- B60N2/0021—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement
- B60N2/0024—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement for identifying, categorising or investigation of the occupant or object on the seat
- B60N2/0027—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement for identifying, categorising or investigation of the occupant or object on the seat for detecting the position of the occupant or of occupant's body part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/002—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon
- B60N2/0021—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement
- B60N2/003—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement characterised by the sensor mounting location in or on the seat
- B60N2/0031—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement characterised by the sensor mounting location in or on the seat mounted on the frame
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
- B60N2/5678—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by electrical systems
- B60N2/5685—Resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/04—Hand wheels
- B62D1/046—Adaptations on rotatable parts of the steering wheel for accommodation of switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/945—Proximity switches
- H03K17/955—Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/96—Touch switches
- H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
- B60K2360/143—Touch sensitive instrument input devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
- B60K2360/40—Hardware adaptations for dashboards or instruments
- B60K2360/48—Sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
- B60K2360/77—Instrument locations other than the dashboard
- B60K2360/782—Instrument locations other than the dashboard on the steering wheel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2210/00—Sensor types, e.g. for passenger detection systems or for controlling seats
- B60N2210/10—Field detection presence sensors
- B60N2210/12—Capacitive; Electric field
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2420/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
- B60W2420/24—Capacitance type, e.g. as level indicator
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sensor arrangement for the passenger compartment in a motor vehicle.
- the invention also relates to a method for detecting a behavior or a seating position of a vehicle user or vehicle driver located in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.
- Modern motor vehicles are equipped with a large number of comfort devices in the interior, including seat heating and often steering wheel heating. Further heating elements can be present, the heating effect of which can be based on different physical effects.
- sensors are available for this purpose, which can, for example, detect whether the driver is currently busy with the traffic situation or whether he is possibly severely distracted. Additional sensors are able to detect hand and head position to ensure that the driver has their hands on the steering wheel or not.
- the invention proposes a sensor arrangement for the passenger compartment in a motor vehicle or for use in a motor vehicle, this sensor arrangement comprising at least the components mentioned below and explained in terms of their functions and their interaction.
- the sensor arrangement according to the invention thus comprises at least one reference object, at least one reference electrode in the area of the reference object, at least one touch surface arranged at a distance from the reference object and at least one touch electrode arranged in the area of the touch surface.
- the invention and the application of the sensor arrangement according to the invention provide that the reference electrode and the touch electrode interact electrically by means of a field.
- a vehicle user can influence at least one physical parameter of the field by touching the touch surface or even by approaching the touch surface.
- a field is spoken of in general, this can mean in particular an electric field, a magnetic field or an electromagnetic field.
- the invention formed by the sensor arrangement defined in this way provides that at least one of these physical parameters is either a capacitance, an electrical inductance or a combination of a superimposed capacitance and inductance.
- a capacitance forming the at least one physical parameter
- an electrical capacitor can be formed, which is formed by the reference electrode and by the touching electrode or is formed between these two electrodes.
- a coil or another inductively acting component can be formed, this component having a component inductance formed or acting between the reference electrode and the touch electrode.
- an electrical inductance or a component inductance formed between the reference electrode and the touching electrode usually means a passive electrical component that corresponds to an inductance or forms an electrical inductance, where this inductance can be variable.
- a changing inductance can result in particular from activities, movements or changes in position of the vehicle user, such as when the user contacts or approaches the touch surface.
- the component inductance of the electrical inductance can be formed in particular by an electrical coil or by an arrangement that functions as an electrical coil or acts like an electrical coil.
- the field formed between the reference electrode and the touch electrode interacting electrically with it can be influenced both by a capacitance and by an inductance superimposed on this capacitance, which capacitance and inductance each result from an interaction of the reference -Electrode and the touch electrode can be formed.
- the interaction of the two electrodes can thus be inductive, capacitive or both inductive and capacitive.
- a vehicle user can influence at least one physical parameter of the above-mentioned field between the electrically interacting reference and touch electrodes by touching the touch surface
- this can mean various physical effects or affected by being touched by the vehicle user.
- the vehicle occupant's body or a body part located between the reference and touch electrodes may change the capacitance value of the capacitor that may be formed by the reference and touch electrodes, such as by changing that affected by the body or body part Dielectric or by changing or influencing the effective electrode areas by touching the touch surface.
- the vehicle occupant's body or a part of the vehicle occupant's body located between the reference and touch electrodes may change the electrical induction value of the component inductance that may be formed by the reference and touch electrodes or between the two electrodes, such as by changing the coil core influenced by the body or body part or also by changing or influencing the coil components or effective coil areas by touching the touching surface.
- the sensory effects can optionally also take place through a combination of the named field-influencing parameters, namely through a superimposition of an element to be detected between the reference and touch electrodes Capacitance with an inductance to be detected between the reference and touch electrodes.
- the field parameters can be changed or influenced by touching the touch surface
- the physical effect to be detected by the sensor arrangement can be triggered by the vehicle user approaching the touch surface or falling below a definable minimum distance between the vehicle user and the touch surface, with this minimum distance preferably having sensible values of a few centimeters or a few millimeters that can lead to practically applicable sensor configurations in a vehicle interior or passenger compartment. Since the sensor configurations used here are variable inductances and/or variable capacitances, the values of which are to be recorded, the vehicle user can also use the approach of the touch surface without having to make direct contact.
- approaching or touching the touch surface generally means that the vehicle user approaches or contacts the touch surface, which may be with their body or with a body part, such as their hand.
- vehicle user used here can include any driver or passenger in the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle who is currently there or in connection with the use of the sensor arrangement according to the invention and who can interact with the sensor arrangement in a way that influences the field.
- vehicle user used here can also include several people, whereby by definition it is sufficient if only one of these several people interacts with the sensor arrangement in a way that influences the field, whereas at another point in time another person can interact with the sensor arrangement in a way that influences the field.
- vehicle user is to be understood broadly and should not only include human vehicle occupants, but also animals that may be transported as passengers in the passenger compartment and are located within the passenger compartment and thus in the effective range of the sensor arrangement. It should thus be made clear that, under certain circumstances, an animal passenger such as a pet, for example, can make contact or approach the touch surface in a way that influences the field, which can be detected by means of the sensor arrangement according to the invention.
- the reference object can be formed by a furnishing or furnishing element in the passenger compartment and/or by an operating or actuating element inside the passenger compartment or by a subassembly of the elements mentioned.
- the reference object can be formed by a seat frame or by a part of the seat frame for the vehicle user or for one of the vehicle users.
- conductive components of the seat frame can form the reference object.
- the reference object can optionally also be formed by the roof of the passenger compartment or by roof sections, i.e. by areas of the passenger compartment that are located above the window areas of the motor vehicle.
- the reference object can be formed by a door or by sections of the door, for example by parts or partial areas of a door inner lining or the like.
- the reference object can optionally also be formed by a dashboard or instrument panel or by sections of the instrument panel.
- dashboard or instrument panel refers in particular to those areas of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle that are located below or in the area of a windshield through which the driver, i.e. the vehicle user responsible for driving the motor vehicle in traffic, when driving and steering the Motor vehicle primarily observed the traffic.
- the reference object can be formed by a steering wheel or by another steering instrument suitable for the implementation of steering commands of the steering vehicle user, ie the vehicle driver.
- the reference object can be formed in particular by conductive components or subassemblies of the steering wheel or other steering instrument.
- the reference object referred to here can also include several of the elements mentioned and be distributed over several of the elements mentioned, which together form the reference object.
- the reference object can be distributed over several seat frames and/or at one location or area on the dashboard and/or the steering wheel and/or other areas of the passenger compartment etc.
- the touch surface arranged at a distance from the reference object and located in the passenger compartment can be a surface within the passenger compartment that can be contacted by the vehicle user or reached by touch. This can in particular mean any surface with which the vehicle user or one of several vehicle users can come into contact or step on.
- the touch surface can in particular at least partially cover or envelop at least one furnishing or furnishing element of the passenger compartment and/or an operating or actuating element within the passenger compartment or a subassembly of the elements mentioned, which means that such areas within the passenger compartment can be considered as touch surfaces that can be reached and contacted by the vehicle user or users when they are in the passenger compartment or when the multiple vehicle users are in the passenger compartment.
- the concept of the touch surface can include such areas or surfaces that are directly accessible to a vehicle user or passenger of the motor vehicle without dismantling work of any kind having to be carried out.
- areas in the passenger compartment that require disassembly work such as loosening screw connections or other connections that require the use of tools, are not generally included in the concept of touch surface.
- the touch surface or at least specific sub-areas of the touch surface can optionally be heated and/or heatable.
- the touch surface can be functionally connected to an infrared heater, with the touch surface being equipped in particular with an infrared radiator.
- an infrared heater in particular with an infrared radiator.
- such a heated or heatable touch surface can be assigned to any of the above-mentioned surfaces or sections of these surfaces, ie each of the mentioned Surfaces that are accessible or reachable by a vehicle user or passenger, for example by making contact with their body or by moving or extending a hand.
- the touch surface defined as optionally heatable can be heated passively, for example by targeted irradiation of a heat-emitting and/or heat-radiation-reflecting surface, with the actual radiation source being located at a different point, i.e. at a distance from the touch- Surface.
- a heat-emitting surface such as an infrared radiator or an infrared heater are suitable as heated or heatable touch surfaces, with these surfaces facing in particular the interior of the passenger compartment.
- the vehicle users or passengers be it the footwell, the central area of the passenger compartment below a window area or the area above the waistline of the vehicle where the vehicle users' heads are located.
- Suitable surfaces in which infrared emitters can be arranged are, for example, seat cushions, seat surfaces, the steering wheel, any other actuating elements within the passenger compartment such as a gear stick or shift lever, the roof liner, the insides or door panels, the dashboard or Instrument panel, any armrests for the vehicle user, footwell trim, interior trim parts on the vehicle's window pillars, i.e. on the A pillar, on the B pillar and/or on the C pillar, conductive components of a seat frame and/or a steering wheel Etc.
- the touch surfaces or parts of the touch surfaces equipped with a heated or heatable surface can therefore be controlled by any available equipment or furniture element in the passenger compartment and/or by any existing operating or actuating element inside the passenger compartment or also be formed by a subassembly of the elements mentioned, with such areas within the passenger compartment being heated or heatable touch surfaces in question, which can be reached and contacted by the vehicle user or by the vehicle users when they are in the passenger compartment. Since such heated or heatable touch surfaces, as described here, can be realized in particular by powerful radiant heaters inside the passenger compartment, suitable measures must be taken to protect the vehicle user from adverse effects of such radiant heaters.
- the heated surfaces of such radiant heaters are sometimes heated to temperatures of over 100°C in order to be able to generate the desired amount of radiant heat, the high temperatures must be switched off with as little delay as possible as soon as a vehicle user approaches one of these heating and hot zones or the relevant one Touch surface contacted. This applies to both human and animal vehicle occupants because, as mentioned above, all vehicle occupants must be protected to a sufficient extent from impairments by the optionally available radiant heaters.
- any heating element or infrared Radiator is assigned a touch electrode located in the immediate spatial vicinity or integrated in the heatable or heated touch surface. Since several heating elements or infrared radiators can be distributed in the passenger compartment, at least the surface temperature of that heating element or infrared radiator must be able to be reduced without delay to values that are harmless to health, which the vehicle user or one of several vehicle users approaches or contacts.
- the reference electrode can be formed at least partially by the reference object.
- the reference electrode can also be arranged on the reference object.
- the reference electrode can also be at least partially integrated in the reference object, optionally or in combination with one of the two previously mentioned embodiment variants or with both mentioned embodiment variants.
- a reference electrode designed in this way can act as a first capacitor electrode of a capacitor or can form a first capacitor electrode of the capacitor. As a result, it may be Interaction occur with a second capacitor electrode, in particular with a second capacitor electrode formed by the touch electrode.
- a reference electrode designed in this way has at least one flat or coiled electrically conductive layer.
- the touch electrode can be at least partially formed by the touch surface and/or at least partially integrated into the touch surface.
- the touch electrode can be arranged at least partially on a user-side side surface of the touch surface, i.e. on a side surface of the touch surface facing the passenger compartment, with which a vehicle user or vehicle occupant can come into contact when Touch surface is contacting or approaching.
- the touch electrode is at least partially arranged on a side surface of the touch surface facing away from the user, i.e. on a side surface of the touch surface that does not face the passenger compartment, so that a vehicle user or vehicle occupant is equipped with one touch-electrode cannot come into direct contact when contacting or approaching the touch-surface.
- a touch electrode designed in this way can act as a second capacitor electrode of a capacitor or can form a second capacitor electrode of the capacitor.
- the first capacitor electrode of the reference electrode and the second capacitor electrode of the touch electrode can interact and form the two electrodes of a capacitor formed thereby.
- a touch electrode designed in this way has at least one flat or coiled electrically conductive layer.
- the sensor arrangement can also be designed in such a way that it is used in a motor vehicle or can be used for use in a motor vehicle, the motor vehicle having at least one vehicle seat for a vehicle driver with an at least partially metallic or at least partially electrically conductive seat frame and can be equipped with a steering wheel located in front of the vehicle seat in the direction of travel and at a distance from the vehicle seat.
- the steering wheel is equipped with a flat or wound conductive layer underneath a grip surface and/or integrated there, which can form a flat heating element, for example, as has been used optionally as an electric steering wheel heating for some time.
- a flat heating element for example, as has been used optionally as an electric steering wheel heating for some time.
- Such an electric steering wheel heater is normally based on the principle of a current-carrying electrical resistance that heats up due to the current flow, which can be used as a welcome heating effect for local heating of the steering wheel rim held by the vehicle driver's hands.
- Such a heating element can, for example, comprise a flat carrier with a strand-shaped or coiled heating conductor or with several strand-shaped or coiled heating conductors, whereby the heating conductors can be formed in particular by thin steel strands, since these can also be used with very small cross-sections, a defined electrical resistance and can deliver a relatively high heat output.
- These heating conductors formed, for example, by thin steel strands, can also advantageously be applied to a carrier, which is preferably formed by a fleece or knitted fabric. In particular, the heating conductor can be sewn onto the carrier formed by the fleece or knitted fabric.
- the cover layer of the steering wheel is normally arranged above or in an enveloping manner, which preferably has a surface that is pleasant to the touch as the outer contact layer or grip layer and can therefore be formed in particular by a leather layer.
- steering wheels in large series are often still equipped with a foamed plastic layer, which is not appreciated by many users as much as a leather layer and is therefore only used in exceptional cases, especially with higher-quality equipment and in combination with steering wheel heating.
- the material of which the outer gripping layer of the steering wheel rim is made is of secondary importance for the functioning of the sensor arrangement according to the invention.
- the seat frame on which the vehicle driver sits has an at least partially metallic and thus at least partially electrically conductive layer, which can be formed in particular by a metallic or partially metal seat frame.
- the conductive layers can also be in the seat cushion, ie in the seat pad and/or in the seat backrest, so that purely as a precaution it should be defined at this point that any metallic and/or conductive layers that are in the seat and / or are backrest cushions and can be integrated there, for example in the form of frame parts, spring elements and/or seat heating components, are to be understood as a seat frame within the meaning of the definition of the present invention.
- the seat frame and/or the conductive layer of the steering wheel can each form coil or capacitor connections that are separate from one another but interact inductively and/or capacitively, as a result of which the vehicle driver on the vehicle seat and holding the steering wheel with his hands has a measurable capacitance and/or or forms inductivity, which is formed between the seat frame and the steering wheel, which acts as capacitor or coil connections, and this capacity and/or inductivity is measurably influenced by the way he sits and hands.
- the conductive layer of the steering wheel and the at least partially electrically conductive seat frame form two spaced-apart electrodes of a capacitor, so that the vehicle driver on the vehicle seat and holding the steering wheel with his hands has a between the spaced electrodes of the capacitor and forms variable dielectric, which changes the measurable capacitance of the capacitor.
- the capacitance influenced by the seat position and/or hand position of the vehicle driver on the vehicle seat can be measured due to the variable dielectric of the capacitor formed by the driver and processed by means of an evaluation circuit.
- the heating conductors of the heating element can function as a flat sensor that can be connected to a measuring or evaluation circuit as a first capacitor plate.
- this first capacitor plate can be formed with a second zone, which can be formed, for example, by the seat frame, an upholstery frame, the seat linkage or the seat heater and which acts as a second capacitor plate, can be interconnected, whereby changes in the electrical capacitance can be detected as soon as the vehicle driver puts his hands on or away from the steering wheel.
- a first coil can be formed by the conductive layer of the steering wheel, the vehicle driver located on the vehicle seat and grasping the steering wheel with his hands forming a variable coil core interacting with the first coil.
- At least the partially electrically conductive seat frame forms a second coil, with the vehicle driver located on the vehicle seat forming a variable coil core that interacts with the second coil.
- the vehicle driver located on the vehicle seat and holding the steering wheel with his hands can also form a coil core that interacts with the first coil and/or a coil core that interacts and changes with the second coil.
- the inductance of the first coil influenced by the seat position and/or hand position of the vehicle driver on the vehicle seat and/or the inductance of the second coil influenced by the seat position of the vehicle driver on the vehicle seat can be measured and processed by means of an evaluation circuit.
- the heating conductors of the heating element can act as an electrical coil that can be connected to a measurement or evaluation circuit. Since the vehicle operator's hands can form a changing coil core, it is possible to measure a changing inductance of this coil as the vehicle operator places his hands on or removes his hands from the steering wheel.
- the second zone which can be formed, for example, by the seat frame, an upholstery frame, the seat rods or the seat heating and which can function as a second coil, can also be used to detect by detecting the changing inductance of this coil whether whether the vehicle driver is in his seat and/or whether or not he is in the proper seating position necessary for safe control of the vehicle.
- Touching the steering wheel can be measured either as a direct change in the capacitance of the sensor element or as a measurable change in the vibration behavior of the system.
- a frequency of a known level is constantly impressed on the vibration system formed by the current-carrying conductor of the steering wheel heating and/or by the counterpart in the seat frame acting as a capacitor plate. When you touch the steering wheel, this frequency changes. Since the extent of the change also depends on the properties of the touching body, which can mean its mass, and on the type of touch, for example the effective contact area of the hands with the steering wheel rim, an effectively working sensor can be provided become.
- the heating output must always be high enough and the sensor function must be sufficiently precise. It is also important that the heating mode and the sensor mode do not influence or interfere with each other, regardless of whether there is a current need for heating or not.
- the sensor system It is therefore necessary to adapt the measuring device formed by the sensor system described to operating states with a high current flow through the heating element, but also to operating states with no current flow through the heating element.
- the sensor system must be adapted to largely all constant and variable influences from the circuit components themselves, which can be taken into account by suitable compensation devices and/or compensation circuits.
- both capacitors and coils require an alternating current to flow through them in order to measure their changed values, be it the variable capacitance of the capacitor or the variable inductance of the coil, but this is not normally the case for a steering wheel heater is available. Since the normal low-voltage vehicle electrical system in motor vehicles is based on supplying the electrical components with direct current, either a high-frequency alternating voltage signal must be superimposed on the supply voltage for the steering wheel heating or the supply voltage must be made available as alternating current in order to implement the desired sensors. In principle, both variants are conceivable, although the first option should be preferred.
- the functions described can be of particular importance with regard to future vehicle equipment, since automated or partially automated vehicle controls may need to be able to detect at any time and for every driving condition whether the vehicle driver has his hands on the steering wheel rim or not.
- it can be important to recognize whether the driver of the vehicle is in his seat and/or whether or not he is in the correct seating position required for safe control of the vehicle.
- Such an evaluation can be useful, for example, to allow the control system to make a decision as to whether the vehicle should be automatically decelerated or even brought to a standstill when critical traffic situations are imminent, or whether the vehicle driver should be clearly signaled beforehand that he or she should take control or else has to reckon with a reduction in driving speed, if necessary until the vehicle comes to a complete standstill.
- the sensor arrangement can also be designed or configured in such a way that the vehicle driver or vehicle user who is on the vehicle seat and grips the steering wheel with his hands influences a field that occurs between the conductive layers of the seat frame that act as electrodes and the steering wheel is formed.
- a particularly variable field can be formed between the electrodes.
- the vehicle seat can form the reference object already explained above or a part of the reference object. It can also be provided that the seat frame can at least partially form the reference electrode explained above. In addition, it can be provided that the steering wheel can at least partially have the touch surface or the touch surface, as already explained above as components of the sensor arrangement. In addition, in such an embodiment variant of the sensor arrangement it can be provided that the flat or coiled conductive layer of the steering wheel integrated below the gripping surface and/or there forms the touch electrode or at least partially makes the touch electrode available.
- the information obtained from the evaluation of the changing field or the changing field parameters can be used for different purposes, among other things for the control and/or for the activation or deactivation of heating elements in the passenger compartment.
- the information obtained from the evaluation of the changing field or the changing field parameters can also be used for completely different purposes, such as for controlling comfort or safety functions in the motor vehicle, for data acquisition in connection with the long-term evaluation of vehicle user behavior or the like.
- a first variant of a method for detecting the behavior of a vehicle user located in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle is proposed, with the vehicle user staying in the area of a field or at least partially entering the field through his presence in the passenger compartment .
- This field is formed by the electrical interaction of a reference electrode located in the area of a reference object and a touch electrode located in the area of a touch surface.
- the touch surface is arranged at a distance from the reference object, and the vehicle user influences at least one physical parameter of the field by touching the touch surface or by approaching the touch surface.
- At least one of these physical parameters can be a capacitance that a capacitor formed by the reference electrode and the touch electrode has.
- At least one of these physical parameters can optionally also be an electrical inductance, which has a component inductance formed between the reference electrode and the touch electrode.
- a further embodiment of the method is proposed, which is used to detect a seat position of a vehicle driver who is on a vehicle seat of a motor vehicle and/or the hand position of the vehicle driver in relation to a vehicle seat in front of the vehicle seat in the direction of travel and from the vehicle seat spaced steering wheel is used. It is necessary for the vehicle seat to be equipped with an at least partially metallic or at least partially electrically conductive seat frame, and for the steering wheel to be equipped with a flat or coiled conductive layer underneath a gripping surface and/or integrated there.
- the term conductive or partially conductive seat frame is to be understood very broadly.
- the seat frame on which the vehicle driver sits has an at least partially metallic and thus at least partially electrically conductive layer, which is formed in particular by a metallic or partially metal seat frame can be.
- this arrangement is not the only possible or sensible one, because in principle the conductive layers can also be located in the seat upholstery, inside the upholstered seat pad and/or in the upholstered seat backrest, so that purely as a precaution it should be defined at this point that any metallic and/or conductive layers that are located in the seat and/or backrest upholstery and can be integrated there, e.g. in the form of frame parts, spring elements and/or seat heating components or metallic or electrically conductive heating conductors, as a seat frame within the meaning of the definition of present invention are to be understood.
- the embodiment variant of the method according to the invention described here also provides that the seat frame and/or the conductive layer of the steering wheel each form coil or capacitor connections that are separate from one another but interact inductively and/or capacitively, so that the the vehicle driver holding his hands is able to influence a measurable capacitance and/or inductance between the seat frame, which acts as a capacitor or coil connections, and the steering wheel is trained.
- This variable capacitance and/or inductance can be measured and evaluated to evaluate a seating position and/or a hand position of the vehicle driver.
- the vehicle driver or vehicle user who is on the vehicle seat and grips the steering wheel with his hands influences a field that is formed between the conductive layers of the seat frame and the steering wheel that act as electrodes, with the Seat position or changes in the seat position of the vehicle driver or vehicle user caused changes in the field can be detected and evaluated.
- the steering wheel can be equipped with a flat or wound conductive layer underneath its gripping surface and/or integrated there, which can form a flat heating element, for example, which functions as an electric steering wheel heater.
- Such a heating element used as a steering wheel heater can, for example, comprise a flat carrier with a stranded or coiled heating conductor or with several stranded or coiled heating conductors, whereby the heating conductors can be formed in particular by thin steel strands, since these have a defined electrical resistance even with very small cross-sections and can deliver a relatively high heat output.
- These heating conductors, formed, for example, by thin steel strands can also advantageously be applied to a carrier, which is preferably formed by a fleece or knitted fabric. In particular, the heating conductor can be sewn onto the carrier formed by the fleece or knitted fabric.
- the top layer of the steering wheel which forms an outer touch layer or grip layer.
- the grip layer can be formed, for example, by a leather cover or by a thin plastic layer.
- each of the embodiment variants of the circuit arrangement according to the invention described above can be suitable for carrying out the method.
- the method according to the invention can normally be carried out with any of the variants of the sensor arrangement described above, provided that the operating principles used in each case - eg the detection of variable fields, variable capacities and/or variable inductances - and the components used for the process are not mutually exclusive.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment variant of a sensor arrangement according to the invention with some of its interacting components.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a driver's seat of a motor vehicle, with a vehicle driver who is located on a vehicle seat and who is holding a steering wheel arranged in front of the vehicle seat.
- FIG. 3A shows a first variant embodiment of a sensor circuit which is based on the measurement of a variable capacitance of a capacitor.
- FIG. 3B shows a second variant embodiment of a sensor circuit which is based on the measurement of a variable inductance of a coil.
- FIG. 3C shows a third embodiment variant of a sensor circuit which is based on the measurement of the variable inductances of two coils.
- FIG. 4 shows an electrical circuit diagram that provides an example of a sensor circuit that can detect whether a vehicle operator has his/her hands on the steering wheel or not.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the essential components of a sensor arrangement 10 according to the invention in a highly schematic representation, with the following description explaining the interaction of these components in order to be able to use the sensor arrangement 10 in the desired manner.
- the sensor arrangement 10 explained in more detail below is located in a passenger compartment 12 which is part of a motor vehicle 14 and is located inside the motor vehicle 14 .
- the sensor arrangement 10 comprises at least one reference object 16, which is located within the passenger compartment 12, and at least one reference electrode 18 in the area of the reference object 16, i.e., for example, in an integrated design or as part of the reference object 16.
- the reference electrode 18 and the touch electrode 22 interact electrically by means of a field 24 , ie an electric field 24 can be built up between the two electrodes 18 and 22 .
- the field can also be a magnetic or electromagnetic field, but this should not be explained in more detail here.
- a vehicle user 26 who is inside the passenger compartment 12 of the motor vehicle 14 can influence at least one physical parameter of the field 24 by touching the touch surface 20 or even by approaching the touch surface 20 .
- the at least one physical parameter of the field 24 can either be a capacitance C (see FIG. 3A), an electrical inductance (see FIG. 3B and/or FIG. 3C) or a combination of a superimposed capacitance and inductance.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment variant of a driver's seat 28 in the interior or passenger compartment 12 of the motor vehicle 14 shown here not in full but only in part, which in this case is equipped with at least one vehicle seat 30 located in the passenger compartment 12, on which the Vehicle user 26, i.e. e.g. a vehicle driver, is in a seated position.
- Vehicle user 26 i.e. e.g. a vehicle driver
- a steering wheel 34 In the direction of travel 32 in front of the vehicle seat 30 and at a distance from it there is a steering wheel 34, the circular steering wheel rim 36 of which is held in the hands of the vehicle user 26 or vehicle driver.
- the vehicle seat 30 can in particular form the reference object 16 according to FIG. 1 , with conductive components of the vehicle seat 30 being able to form the reference electrode 18 .
- the steering wheel 34 can form the touch surface 20 according to FIG. 1 , while the normally metallic and therefore conductive steering wheel rim 36 can form the touch electrode 22 .
- the field 24 (shown only in FIG. 1) can form in between.
- the sensor arrangement 10 according to FIG. 1, which is not identified here with a reference number, uses the components described here.
- FIG. 3A illustrates a first embodiment variant of a sensor circuit 38 which is based on the measurement of a variable capacitance C of a capacitor 40.
- the sensor circuit 38 shown here can in particular be part of a sensor arrangement 10 according to FIG. 1 or only a partial aspect of the sensor arrangement, namely the measurement of a variable parameter of the field 24 according to FIG. 1, this parameter being formed by the capacitance C or this capacitance C, the equivalent circuit diagram of which is illustrated in FIG. 3A.
- the vehicle seat 30 shown can have an at least partially metallic and thus also an at least partially electrically conductive seat frame 42, with such a conductive seat frame 42 optionally also being made of conductive layers in the seat cushion 44, ie in the upholstered seat pad and/or in the upholstered seat back can be formed.
- a conductive seat frame 42 optionally also being made of conductive layers in the seat cushion 44, ie in the upholstered seat pad and/or in the upholstered seat back can be formed.
- Such metallic and / or Conductive layers can thus be located in the seat and/or backrest upholstery 44 and can be integrated there, for example in the form of frame parts, spring elements and/or seat heating components, all of which are located in the seat frame 42 or implemented by the seat frame 42 within the meaning of the Definition of the present invention should be subsumed.
- these conductive components in the seat frame 42 and/or in the seat or backrest cushion 44 can thus form the reference electrode 18 of the sensor arrangement 10 .
- the steering wheel 34 is also equipped with a flat or wound conductive layer underneath a gripping surface of the steering wheel rim 36 and/or integrated there, which can form a flat heating element, for example, which an electric steering wheel heating forms.
- This electric steering wheel heater is based on the principle of a current-carrying electrical resistance that heats up due to the current flow, which the vehicle driver 26 perceives as local heating when he grips the steering wheel rim 36 with his hands 46 (cf. FIG. 2).
- the specific design of the heating element in the steering wheel rim 36 should not be of interest at this point, since it is primarily important for the functioning of the sensor circuit 26 according to the invention that a metallic or electrically conductive conductor is present, which can be connected, for example, by several thin strands or coils Steel strands can be formed. In particular, this conductor can form the touch electrode 22 (cf. FIG. 1). Above this is normally the cover layer of the steering wheel rim 36, which as the outer contact layer or grip layer preferably has a surface that is pleasant to the touch and can therefore be formed in particular by a leather layer. This gripping layer of the steering wheel rim 36 thus forms the touch surface 20 (cf. FIG. 1).
- the seat frame 42 or the seat and/or backrest cushions 44 equipped with a conductive layer and the conductive layer of the steering wheel heating in the steering wheel rim 36 can each form separate but capacitively interacting capacitor connections if the capacitance C of field 24 with capacitor 40 is seen as an equivalent circuit.
- the left-hand capacitor plate of the capacitor 40 shown schematically in Fig. 3A is denoted by the reference number 36, since it is caused by the in the steering wheel rim 36 of the steering wheel 34 located conductive heating conductor is formed.
- the right-hand capacitor plate is accordingly denoted by the reference numeral 42 since it is formed by the seat frame 42 of the vehicle seat 30 which is conductive or is equipped with a conductive layer.
- the capacitor 40 shown in FIG. 3A reveals a dielectric 48 located between the two plates 36 and 42 , which can be formed by the vehicle driver 26 itself, or which dielectric 48 can represent the field-influencing parameter of the field 24 .
- the sensor circuit 38 can thus essentially be implemented in that the conductive layer of the steering wheel rim 36 and the at least partially electrically conductive seat frame 42 form two spaced-apart electrodes of the capacitor 40, so that the driver located on the vehicle seat 30 and the steering wheel 34 can use their hands 46 comprehensive vehicle driver 26 is located between the spaced electrodes 36, 42 of the capacitor 40 and variable dielectric 48 which changes the measurable capacitance C of the capacitor 40.
- the capacitance C influenced by the seat position and/or hand position of the vehicle driver 26 located on the vehicle seat 30 can be measured due to the variable dielectric 48 of the capacitor 40 formed by the driver 26 and processed by means of an evaluation circuit 50 .
- the variability and influenceability of the dielectric 48 which is given by the variably positionable hands 46 and/or the driver 26 located on the seat and backrest upholstery 44 and remaining mobile there, is indicated in the representation of FIG. 3A by the one on the dielectric 48 Double arrow indicated with arrow directions perpendicular to one another, since the dielectric 48 can, by definition, be pushed back and forth within the electrodes 36 and 42 of the capacitor 40 on the one hand and also due to the variable stature and the different electrical properties of different people as the driver 26 in its virtual dimension is changeable.
- the sensor system 38 shown schematically in FIG. 3A can also be an equivalent circuit diagram of the sensor arrangement 10 according to FIG electrodes 22 are intended to represent only, while the dielectric 48 may represent the field 24 formed with variable parameters between the electrodes 18 and 22, the field properties of which are measured. Evaluation circuit 50 is representative of this.
- FIG. 3B shows a second embodiment variant of a sensor circuit 52 which is based on the measurement of a variable inductance L of a coil 54 .
- Sensor circuit 52 according to Fig. 3B is based on the arrangement of vehicle seat 30, vehicle driver 26 located thereon and steering wheel 34 located in front of vehicle seat 30, which steering wheel rim 36 is held by vehicle driver 26 with his hands 46, as already explained above with reference to Fig. 2 can be taken.
- the steering wheel 34 shown in a side view in FIG. can form a flat heating element, which forms an electric steering wheel heater.
- the conductive layer of the steering wheel heating system can form a coil 54 in the steering wheel rim 36, which can be the case in particular if the heating cable is wound around the steering wheel rim 36 in the form of a coil (not shown here).
- the conductive seat frame 42 is not absolutely necessary in connection with this simplified second embodiment variant Part of the sensor circuit 52. For this reason, the seat frame 42 is also not marked there and no corresponding reference number is entered.
- the coil 54 is associated with a changeable and movable coil core 56, which can be formed by the vehicle driver 26 itself.
- the second variant of the sensor circuit 52 shown here is thus essentially implemented in that the conductive layer of the steering wheel rim 36 forms a coil 54, with the vehicle driver 26 located on the vehicle seat 30 and holding the steering wheel 34 with his hands 46 forming the variable coil core 56 , whereby the measurable inductance L of the coil 54 is changed.
- the inductance L influenced by the seat position and/or hand position of the vehicle driver 26 on the vehicle seat 30 can be measured based on the variable coil core 56 of the coil 54 formed by the driver 26 and processed by the evaluation circuit 50 .
- the variability and influenceability of the coil core 56 which is given by the variably positionable hands 46 and/or the driver 26 who is located on the seat and backrest cushion 44 and remains mobile there and whose variable sitting posture is shown in FIG. 3B by the indicated by the double arrow drawn in on the coil core 56 with arrow directions perpendicular to one another, since by definition the coil core 56 can be moved back and forth on the one hand in the immediate vicinity of the coil 54 located in the steering wheel rim 36, and also due to the variable stature and the different electrical properties of different people as drivers 26 is changeable in its dimension to be understood virtually.
- the coil 54 requires an alternating current flowing through the coil 54 for a measurement of its variable inductance L, but this is not normally available for a steering wheel heater, since this is operated with the direct voltage of the vehicle electrical system 14 . Therefore, for the realization of the desired sensor system 52 it makes sense to superimpose a high-frequency AC voltage signal on the supply voltage for the steering wheel heating. These signals can be detected and evaluated by the evaluation circuit 50, whereby the electrical heating operation and the operation of the sensor circuit 52 do not significantly interfere with each other.
- the sensor system 52 shown schematically in FIG. 3B can also be an equivalent circuit diagram of the sensor arrangement 10 according to FIG. where the coil core 56 represents the changing field parameters, which in this case can be considered as inductance L.
- the reference electrodes 18 and touch electrodes 22, which are necessary for the sensor arrangement 10 do not have clear correspondences in this regard in FIG. 3B, while the field properties represented by the coil core 56 can be measured.
- Evaluation circuit 50 is representative of this.
- FIG. 3C shows a third embodiment variant of a sensor circuit 58, which is based on the measurement of the variable inductances Li and l_2 of two coils 54 and 60.
- the sensor circuit 58 according to Fig. 3C is also based on the arrangement of vehicle seat 30, vehicle driver 26 located thereon and steering wheel 34 located in front of vehicle seat 30, which steering wheel rim 36 is held by vehicle driver 26 with his hands 46, as already explained above with reference to Fig. 2 can be taken.
- the steering wheel 34 shown in a side view in FIG. can form a flat heating element, which forms an electric steering wheel heater.
- the conductive layer of the steering wheel heating in the steering wheel rim 36 can form the first coil 54 already explained above with reference to FIG. 3B, which can be the case in particular when the heating line is wound around the steering wheel rim 36 in the form of a coil (not shown here).
- the conductive seat frame 42 of the vehicle seat 30 or the conductive layer (e.g. seat heating) arranged in the seat or backrest cushion 44 forms a second coil 60 which is shown here next to the first coil 54 but separately from it.
- Both coils 54 and 60 are each assigned a variable and movable coil core 56 which is formed by the vehicle handlebar 26 itself.
- the coil core 56 of the first coil 54 by the on the Hands 46 of the vehicle driver 26 lying on the steering wheel rim 36 can be formed, while the coil core 56 of the second coil 60 can be formed essentially by the body of the driver 26 located on the vehicle seat 30 .
- the coil cores 56 shown separately in FIG. 3C can optionally also be viewed as a single coil core 56 formed by the vehicle handlebar 26 .
- the third variant of the sensor circuit 58 shown here is thus essentially implemented in that the conductive layer of the steering wheel rim 36 forms the first coil 54, with the vehicle driver 26 located on the vehicle seat 30 and holding the steering wheel 34 with his hands 46 holding the variable coil core 56 forms, whereby the measurable inductance Li of the first coil 54 is changed.
- a component of the third sensor circuit 58 is formed in that the vehicle driver 26 located on the vehicle seat 30 also represents the variable coil core 56 of the second coil 60, as a result of which the measurable inductance L2 of the second coil 60 is also changed.
- the inductances Li and L2 influenced by the seat position and/or hand position of the vehicle driver 26 on the vehicle seat 30 can be measured on the basis of the variable coil cores 56 of the two coils 54 and 60 formed by the driver 26 and processed by means of the evaluation circuit 50.
- the variability and influenceability of the coil cores 56 which is given by the variably positionable hands 46 and/or the driver 26 located on the seat and backrest cushion 44 and remaining mobile there, is illustrated in FIG. 3C by the respectively attached to the coil cores 56 are indicated by the double arrows drawn in with arrow directions perpendicular to one another, since by definition the coil cores 56 can be moved back and forth in the immediate vicinity of the first coil 54 located in the steering wheel rim 36 and by the second coil 60 located in the seat frame 42, as well as due to the variable stature and the different electrical properties of different people as a driver 26 is variable in its dimension to be understood virtually.
- the coils 54 and 60 require an alternating current flowing through the coils 54 and 60 in order to measure their variable inductances Li and L2 is not normally available for a steering wheel heater, because this is operated with DC voltage from the vehicle's electrical system. It is therefore useful for the realization of the desired sensor system 58 to superimpose a high-frequency AC voltage signal on the supply voltage for the steering wheel heating. These signals can be detected and evaluated by means of the evaluation circuit 50, as a result of which the electrical heating operation and the operation of the sensor circuit 58 do not significantly interfere with one another.
- the sensor system 58 shown schematically in FIG. 3C can in turn be an equivalent circuit diagram of the sensor arrangement 10 according to FIG 24 can be considered, where the coil core 56 or the two coil cores 56 can represent the changing field parameters, which in this case can be considered as inductances Li and L2.
- the reference electrodes 18 and touch electrodes 22, which are necessary for the sensor arrangement 10 find their counterparts in the two coils 54 and 60 in this consideration in FIG. 3C, so that the field properties represented by the coil core 56 can be measured.
- the evaluation circuit 50 can in turn be regarded as representative for this.
- the heated surfaces of such radiant heaters are sometimes heated to temperatures above 100°C in order to be able to generate the desired amount of radiant heat, the high temperatures must be switched off with as little delay as possible as soon as a vehicle user 26 approaches one of these heating and hot zones or the relevant touch surface 20 contacted.
- a touch electrode 22 located in the immediate spatial vicinity or integrated in the heatable or heated touch surface 20 is preferably assigned to each heating element or infrared radiator that may be present. Since several heating elements or infrared radiators can be distributed in the passenger compartment 12, at least the surface temperature of that heating element or infrared radiator must be able to be reduced without delay to values that are harmless to health, which the vehicle user 26 or one of several vehicle users 26 approaches or contacts .
- FIG. 4 illustrates a variant embodiment of a circuit for suppressing or eliminating internal capacitances of a power MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) when a low-level signal is applied to a power supply line.
- MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
- the electrical circuit in FIG. 4 thus clarifies the above-explained application of a detection device which is intended to detect whether a vehicle driver 26 has his hands 46 on the steering wheel 34 or has removed them.
- the energy supply for the electric heating elements of the steering wheel 34 should be done by means of the two lower MOSFETs T1 and T2, each of which are of the n-type, and be switched by means of the two upper MOSFETs T3 and T4, which are each of the p-type.
- the two n-type MOSFETs T1 and T2 are connected in such a way that they switch the heating resistor (heater resistor in FIG. 4) in the steering wheel 34 to ground.
- the two p-type MOSFETs T3 and T4 are connected in such a way that they can connect the heating resistor to the power supply (Vbat).
- the heating capacity shown below the heating resistor clarifies the capacitance of the heating resistor against the ground connection (GND) that occurs during heating operation.
- the low-level AC measurement signal is connected to the heater resistor through the decoupling capacitor C1.
- This decoupling capacitor C1 has a much higher capacitance value than the capacitance of the heating resistor, in order to avoid a loss of signal strength.
- the operational amplifier U1 (unity gain amplifier U 1 ), which amplifies and processes the signal by a factor of one, ensures that the low-level alternating current measurement signal (AC measurement signal) is fed in at the connection contact of the MOSFET pair with the same phase and the same amplitude . This ensures that the open MOSFET switches are not yet exposed to the signal source and thus cannot influence the measurement.
- the capacitors C2 and C3 each form decoupling capacitances and ensure that different level voltages of the DC power supply are separated.
- N-channel MOSFETs could also be used as high-side switches, making a gate driver circuit possible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Steering Controls (AREA)
- Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP25213806.0A EP4679038A3 (de) | 2021-12-24 | 2022-12-23 | Sensoranordnung und verfahren zur erfassung eines verhaltens eines fahrzeugbenutzers im fahrgastraum eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021006344 | 2021-12-24 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/087736 WO2023118570A1 (de) | 2021-12-24 | 2022-12-23 | Sensoranordnung und verfahren zur erfassung eines verhaltens eines fahrzeugbenutzers im fahrgastraum eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP25213806.0A Division EP4679038A3 (de) | 2021-12-24 | 2022-12-23 | Sensoranordnung und verfahren zur erfassung eines verhaltens eines fahrzeugbenutzers im fahrgastraum eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4452692A1 true EP4452692A1 (de) | 2024-10-30 |
Family
ID=84981203
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP25213806.0A Pending EP4679038A3 (de) | 2021-12-24 | 2022-12-23 | Sensoranordnung und verfahren zur erfassung eines verhaltens eines fahrzeugbenutzers im fahrgastraum eines kraftfahrzeuges |
| EP22843823.0A Withdrawn EP4452692A1 (de) | 2021-12-24 | 2022-12-23 | Sensoranordnung und verfahren zur erfassung eines verhaltens eines fahrzeugbenutzers im fahrgastraum eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP25213806.0A Pending EP4679038A3 (de) | 2021-12-24 | 2022-12-23 | Sensoranordnung und verfahren zur erfassung eines verhaltens eines fahrzeugbenutzers im fahrgastraum eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP4679038A3 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118451003A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023118570A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4301160C2 (de) * | 1993-01-19 | 2003-10-16 | Siemens Ag | Einrichtung zur Steuerung von mit Bedienelementen versehenen Geräten und Anlagen in einem Kraftfahrzeug |
| DE10048956C1 (de) * | 2000-10-04 | 2002-05-02 | Autoliv Dev | Mit einer Messanordnung versehenes Lenkrad für Kraftfahrzeuge |
| LU92102B1 (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-05-23 | Iee Sarl | Capacitive occupancy or proximity detector |
| KR102089519B1 (ko) * | 2013-10-11 | 2020-03-16 | 젠썸 캐나다 유엘씨 | 히팅장치에 의한 탑승자 감지 |
| DE102016216982A1 (de) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Lenkrad für ein Fahrzeug |
| WO2019147800A2 (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-08-01 | Gentherm Inc. | Capacitive sensing and heating system for steering wheels or seats to sense presence of hand of occupant on steering wheel or occupant in seat |
| DE102019124294B4 (de) * | 2019-09-10 | 2022-05-25 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Kombinierte, kapazitive Sensor- und Heizvorrichtung, Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Sensor- und Heizvorrichtung, Lenkradbaugruppe mit einer Sensor- und Heizvorrichtung und Fahrzeug mit einer Lenkradbaugruppe |
| DE102019131600B4 (de) * | 2019-11-22 | 2022-03-17 | B-Horizon GmbH | Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Fahrers eines Fahrzeugs mittels eines Messsystems auf Basis einer Umgebungsfeuchtigkeit |
| DE112021000779T5 (de) * | 2020-01-30 | 2022-12-01 | Iee International Electronics & Engineering S.A. | Sensoranordnung zur kapazitiven Positionserkennung eines Objekts |
-
2022
- 2022-12-23 EP EP25213806.0A patent/EP4679038A3/de active Pending
- 2022-12-23 WO PCT/EP2022/087736 patent/WO2023118570A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-12-23 CN CN202280085544.5A patent/CN118451003A/zh active Pending
- 2022-12-23 EP EP22843823.0A patent/EP4452692A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4679038A2 (de) | 2026-01-14 |
| CN118451003A (zh) | 2024-08-06 |
| EP4679038A3 (de) | 2026-03-25 |
| WO2023118570A1 (de) | 2023-06-29 |
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