EP4354075A1 - Réglage précis d'une charge génératrice de noyau - Google Patents

Réglage précis d'une charge génératrice de noyau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4354075A1
EP4354075A1 EP23201892.9A EP23201892A EP4354075A1 EP 4354075 A1 EP4354075 A1 EP 4354075A1 EP 23201892 A EP23201892 A EP 23201892A EP 4354075 A1 EP4354075 A1 EP 4354075A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
mass
coating
explosive
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23201892.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4354075A1 publication Critical patent/EP4354075A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/028—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/032—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the material of the liner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/036—Manufacturing processes therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an explosively formed projectile (EFP, explosively formed projectile, explosively formed or forged penetrator) and a charge for forming the projectile, i.e. a charge that forms the projectile (projectile-forming charge).
  • EFP explosively formed projectile
  • projectile-forming charge a charge that forms the projectile
  • a projectile-forming charge is a special type of shaped charge used primarily to destroy armor from a greater distance.
  • the projectile-forming charge forms an aerodynamically stable penetrator (projectile) capable of overcoming a greater flight distance and achieving the maximum effect.
  • a projectile is formed in the shape of a bullet, which is more comparable to a regular rifle projectile.
  • the detonation front in a corresponding charge is usually a spherical wave.
  • a wave guide reshapes the spherical wave, in particular to achieve a flat detonation wave front, for example. In other words, the wave guide causes a delay in the detonation.
  • the object of the invention is to propose improvements with respect to a projectile-forming charge.
  • the charge is a charge for forming a projectile, in other words a projectile-forming charge.
  • the charge contains an explosive.
  • the explosive forms a basic body of the charge or is at least part of the basic body in question.
  • the charge contains a projectile coating that is arranged on the explosive and serves to form the projectile.
  • the projectile coating is also called an EFP liner.
  • the projectile is an EFP.
  • the explosive and the projectile coating are basically designed together to transform the projectile coating into the basic projectile or a basic projectile when the explosive is moved in a blasting direction.
  • the blasting direction is the direction in which the projectile coating is mainly accelerated when the explosive is moved.
  • "Basically” is to be understood as referring to an imaginary state in which only the explosive and projectile coating, but not the mass coating (see below), are considered.
  • An imaginary "basic" projectile is formed.
  • the mass coating then leads to a real modification compared to the imaginary state without mass coating. In reality, the explosive and projectile coating and mass coating are then designed to form the real projectile (see below).
  • the projectile coating covers the explosive in particular in the direction of the explosion.
  • the explosive is contained or held in particular in a pot-shaped dam, for example.
  • the dam can also be considered part of the base body.
  • the direction of the explosion is, for example, the direction in which the pot opening is located, as seen from the explosive.
  • the projectile coating covers the explosive in particular at the pot opening.
  • the charge contains in particular a wave guide for the explosive.
  • the wave guide is in particular arranged in the explosive.
  • the charge contains a mass coating.
  • the mass coating is arranged on the projectile coating in such a way that at least one section ("projectile section") of the projectile coating is influenced in its acceleration by at least one section ("mass section”) of the mass coating when the real projectile is formed compared to an absent mass coating.
  • the "absent mass occupancy” therefore refers to the imaginary basic state of the same charge explained above, only without mass occupancy.
  • the corresponding projectile section of the projectile coating is also called the liner element.
  • the mass coating therefore represents an additional mass for or above a certain liner element, which must be accelerated by the explosive together with the liner element.
  • the influence with regard to the absent mass coating is therefore to be understood as follows: It is considered how the acceleration of the projectile section would behave if the mass section were not present. The influence consists in the projectile section being accelerated differently, however, because the mass coating or the mass section is actually present.
  • the real projectile is therefore shaped differently than the imagined basic projectile and will have a real, modified final shape that differs from this.
  • the mass allocation or the mass section slows down the acceleration of the projectile section compared to the imaginary state and/or accelerates it in a different direction, since the mass of the mass section must also be accelerated along with the projectile section.
  • the acceleration always refers to the detonative acceleration phase, i.e. when the projectile loading/projectile sections are accelerated during the decomposition of the explosive by its decomposition/the detonation front.
  • the mass loading or its design makes it possible to produce a projectile with a different shape overall, with an otherwise unchanged charge compared to the situation if the mass loading were not actually present.
  • the invention makes it possible to redesign the design of the projectile or the actual projectile produced compared to the basic/imagined projectile without having to change the other charge, in particular without having to change the projectile loading and/or the explosive.
  • the mass coating is designed such that at least two (different) projectile sections of the projectile coating in their Acceleration is affected differently compared to an absent mass loading.
  • the addition of the mass loading affects the acceleration characteristics of a first projectile section in a first way.
  • a second projectile section is then affected differently/differently by the mass loading compared to the first projectile section, e.g. more strongly or less strongly, i.e. differently in its acceleration characteristics.
  • one projectile section is actually slowed down in its acceleration by a mass section, but another projectile section is not, because there is simply no mass section provided there.
  • mass section By introducing/varying the mass allocation, it is possible to change the shape of the projectile when the explosive is deployed, since different parts/elements/parts of the projectile (projectile sections that form these parts of the projectile) are accelerated differently. This leads to a projectile with a different shape overall.
  • At least part of the mass allocation is not part of the projectile formed or does not become a component of the projectile.
  • the entire mass allocation is not/does not become part of the projectile formed.
  • the corresponding mass allocation thus influences the formation of the projectile, but does not itself become a part or component of the projectile. In other words, the mass allocation only influences the manner in which the projectile is formed, but does not itself contribute to it as a component.
  • a projectile is created in basically the same way as in the (imagined) situation if no mass were present; only the shape of the projectile is influenced by the mass.
  • the mass coating is arranged on or at the side of the projectile coating facing away from the explosive.
  • the side is in particular a flat side, since the projectile coating is usually designed as a flat surface/layer, i.e. with two flat sides. This makes it particularly easy to influence the acceleration of the projectile sections, since the mass sections only need to be "pushed" by the projectile sections. The more mass a mass section has, the the more the acceleration of the associated projectile section is influenced/slowed down/deflected.
  • the mass coating is a coating of the projectile coating.
  • the projectile coating is therefore applied directly or indirectly (intermediate layer, for example an adhesive layer) to the coating or is arranged accordingly on it.
  • the mass coating can thus be applied to the projectile coating particularly easily, for example by a coating process.
  • the mass coverage has areas/mass sections of different mass density transverse to the blasting direction.
  • Mass density refers - viewed in the direction of explosion - to how much mass is assigned to an infinitesimal surface section of the projectile coating 22 at mass coating 28.
  • the mass density can also be zero, i.e. there is no mass coverage there.
  • Mass density means: surface sections of the projectile coverage are exposed to different degrees of mass coverage in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the explosion, in particular they are covered. For example, a first section is covered/influenced by a first mass, another section by a different mass. In particular, only part of the projectile coverage is covered by a mass coverage at all, the rest of the projectile coverage is uncovered (there is zero mass density). Differences in mass density can be achieved, for example, by using locally different materials for the mass coverage. For example, different surface densities of the mass coverage arise in the material itself.
  • the mass coating has mass sections with different mass densities in certain or different areas transverse to the direction of explosion because it is designed with different thicknesses - viewed in the direction of explosion.
  • the mass coating is designed/arranged with different thicknesses/different distributions on or on the projectile coating and consists in particular of a uniform material. A corresponding mass coating is particularly easy to implement.
  • the charge has a central longitudinal axis running in or along the direction of explosion.
  • the mass density of the mass coating is not rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central longitudinal axis. This means that the projectile coating is coated differently by mass coating in the circumferential direction around the central longitudinal axis and its acceleration is thus influenced compared to an absent mass coating. In this way, non-rotationally symmetrical projectiles can also be produced. This makes it possible, for example, to create fin-like features on projectiles in order to increase their flight stability.
  • the mass coverage on different circular segments or circular ring segments has a different mass density with respect to the central longitudinal axis (either between the segments or between the segments and a remaining area of the projectile coverage).
  • certain circular ring or circular segments of the projectile coverage are covered with mass coverage, other areas or circular segments of the projectile coverage are free of mass coverage or covered with a different mass density. In this way, non-rotationally symmetrical structures of the mass coverage can be implemented particularly easily.
  • the mass coating is inert.
  • the mass coating has an intermaterial, i.e. no energetic or non-energetic material, i.e. no explosives, no pyrotechnics, and therefore does not generate any energy when the explosive is converted.
  • Such material is particularly easy to handle when producing the charge, in particular when producing/applying the mass coating.
  • the mass covering is or contains a foam and/or a plastic and/or a metal. Such materials are particularly suitable for corresponding mass coverings.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a method according to claim 12.
  • This serves to produce the charge according to the invention.
  • the explosive is provided which forms the base body of the charge or at least forms part of it.
  • the projectile coating is arranged on the explosive.
  • the explosive and the projectile coating are basically set up together to Projectile coating is to be transformed into the projectile in the direction of explosion.
  • the mass coating is arranged on the projectile coating in such a way that at least the section of the projectile coating is influenced in its acceleration during the formation of the projectile by at least the section of the mass coating compared to the (imagined) absent mass coating.
  • the mass coating is produced using a 3D printing process. This allows for particularly free design options for the mass coating.
  • the mass coating is printed directly onto the projectile coating, for example directly or by interposing an adhesive, as already described above.
  • the mass coating is produced on or on the projectile coating. This means that the mass coating is not produced as a separate component and then applied to the projectile coating, but rather it is produced directly on/on the projectile coating, in particular according to the 3D printing process mentioned above. In other words, the projectile coating is coated with the mass coating.
  • the mass coating is applied to the otherwise fully prepared charge. "Preparing" means that the explosive is handled, in particular it is combined with the projectile coating to form the corresponding part of the charge. The mass coating is only applied later.
  • the invention is based on the following findings, observations and considerations and also has the following preferred embodiments. These embodiments are sometimes referred to as "the invention” for the sake of simplicity.
  • the embodiments can also contain parts or combinations of the above-mentioned embodiments or correspond to them and/or possibly also include embodiments not previously mentioned.
  • the invention is based on the following basic idea:
  • the design of the EFP (compared to a non-existent mass coverage) can be modified by means of a particularly inert mass coverage of defined mass surface density on an EFP liner (projectile coverage).
  • the dynamics of each liner element (projectile section) in the detonative acceleration phase are corrected via the additional mass (mass section) above this element, resulting in an adjustment in the EFP shape.
  • the mass coverage in particular is adjusted iteratively, e.g. through tests and/or simulation.
  • the coating geometry itself (projectile coating, with the associated manufacturing methods and tools) can remain unchanged.
  • Inert mass coatings on the outside (side facing away from the explosive) of the EFP liner can be attached/removed/modified even after loading. Test loops can thus be carried out more quickly and easily, and optimizations are easier to carry out.
  • FIG. 1 shows a charge 2 for forming a projectile 4.
  • the charge 2 contains a base body 6. This contains an explosive 8 and a dam 10 in the form of a housing.
  • the charge 2 has a central longitudinal axis 12 and is constructed rotationally symmetrically around this.
  • the dam 10 is designed in the basic shape of a right circular cylinder, pot-shaped with a pot opening 14. Thanks to its pot-like shape, the dam 10 defines a blasting direction 16 parallel or along the central longitudinal axis 12, in which direction a detonation / conversion of the explosive 8 or an advancement of a detonation front takes place.
  • a wave guide 18 is optionally arranged in the explosive 8, which can transform a spherical detonation wave / detonation front in the explosive 8 into a flat detonation front in the area of the pot opening 14 in a manner not explained in more detail.
  • the explosive 8 has a basic shape of a straight circular cylinder to match the dam 10. In the direction of the blasting direction 16, the explosive 8 or the cylinder shape has a front face as a concave surface / indentation. An ignition 20 is provided to trigger the deposition of the explosive 8.
  • a projectile coating 22 or EFP coating / EFP liner is arranged or applied to the explosive 8 at the pot opening 14 or in the blasting direction 16.
  • Explosive 8 and projectile coating 22 are basically designed together to transform the projectile coating 22 in the blasting direction 16 into the projectile 4 when the explosive 8 is implemented.
  • the explosive 8 is ignited.
  • the projectile coating 22 is accelerated in the blasting direction 16 out of the pot opening 14 and is thereby deformed.
  • intermediate shapes 24a', 24b' are formed.
  • the projectile 4' is formed in its final shape 26 and flies further in the blasting direction 16.
  • the mass coating 28 is applied to a side 30 of the projectile coating 22 facing away from the explosive 8. Since the mass coating 28 is present, it must be accelerated together with the projectile coating 22 or by or through it when the explosive 8 is deployed. Compared to the imaginary absence of the mass coating 28, the acceleration of the projectile coating 22 is therefore changed or influenced by the mass coating 28:
  • the projectile 4 takes on a different shape compared to the dashed line or compared to the projectile 4'.
  • the projectile 4 therefore takes on a different shape compared to the imagined situation without mass occupancy 28, and thus different intermediate shapes 24a,b and a different final shape 26.
  • the reason for this is:
  • the respective projectile sections 32a,b of the projectile loading 22 (indicated by dashed lines, see also Figure2 ) are covered by different mass sections 34a,b of the mass coverage 28.
  • the projectile sections 32a,b and mass sections 34a,b are chosen arbitrarily here to explain the basic principle, in fact there is an infinitesimal subdivision into smallest sections or a continuously different mass density in the respective concentric mass sections, see Figure 2 below).
  • the different mass coverage 28 means that these projectile sections 32a,b are affected differently in their acceleration compared to the situation with no mass coverage 28.
  • the acceleration of the projectile section 32a is thus slowed down less by the mass section 34a with a lower mass density (thinner layer) than the projectile section 32b. This is because the latter has to accelerate the mass section 34b with a higher mass density (thicker layer) and thus more mass. This leads to a different shape of the projectile 4 compared to the (imaginary) projectile 4'.
  • the entire mass occupancy 28 (which is not further shown at times t1 to t3) does not become part of the projectile 4, but serves merely as a mass delay means for its formation.
  • the mass coating 28 is here arranged or applied as a coating 36 of the projectile coating 22 directly, i.e. without the interposition of other layers on the projectile coating 22.
  • FIG 2 shows the top view of Figure 1 in the direction of arrow II before the detonation of the explosive 8.
  • the mass coverage 28 is shown. Symbolically shown is the course of its thickness D (measured in the direction of explosion 16) over the radius r (see also Figure 1 ).
  • the mass coverage 28 therefore has areas of different mass density, each viewed in the direction of explosion 16.
  • the areas are again symbolically or arbitrarily identified here as just two different mass sections 34a,b.
  • infinitesimal concentric circular rings around the central longitudinal axis 12 already have different thicknesses D and thus different mass densities.
  • the different mass density is achieved by the mass coverage 28 having different thicknesses D in the direction of explosion 16.
  • the mass density of the mass coverage 28 is therefore rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central longitudinal axis 12.
  • the mass coating 28 is inert here, i.e. not made of energetic material.
  • the mass coating 28 consists of a plastic which was printed directly onto the projectile coating 22 using a 3D printing process.
  • Figure 3a shows a top view in the direction of arrow II of an alternative charge 2.
  • the base body 6, explosive 8 and projectile coating 20, i.e. the entire charge 2 with the exception of the mass coating 28, are identical to the Figures 1 and 2 Only the mass coverage 28 is changed. This is limited here to four specific mass sections 34a (hatched in the figure). Thus, only the corresponding projectile sections 32a are covered by mass coverage 28. The four projectile sections 32b, on the other hand, are not covered by mass coverage 28. In other words, their mass density is zero there.
  • the mass coverage 28 is limited to four circle segments 38.
  • Figure 3b shows an alternative embodiment of a mass coverage 28.
  • a complete central circle 40 is designed here without mass coverage 28.
  • the circle segments 38 from Figure 2a with mass coverage 28 are thereby reduced to circular ring segments 42.
  • Figure 3c shows another alternative embodiment of a mass allocation 28, which here comprises a total of 4 circular segments 44 in addition to the 4 circular ring segments 42 of Figure 3b is distributed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP23201892.9A 2022-10-12 2023-10-05 Réglage précis d'une charge génératrice de noyau Pending EP4354075A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022003744.0A DE102022003744A1 (de) 2022-10-12 2022-10-12 Feinabstimmung eines explosiv geformten Projektils

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4354075A1 true EP4354075A1 (fr) 2024-04-17

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EP23201892.9A Pending EP4354075A1 (fr) 2022-10-12 2023-10-05 Réglage précis d'une charge génératrice de noyau

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EP (1) EP4354075A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102022003744A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2681677A1 (fr) * 1991-09-20 1993-03-26 Thomson Brandt Armements Charge explosive avec revetement a proprietes mecaniques reparties.
US20070214991A1 (en) * 2003-06-04 2007-09-20 Bofors Defence Ab Device Adjacent to an Explosive Charge with at Least Two Liners
US20220155045A1 (en) * 2019-03-19 2022-05-19 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Warhead and method of producing same

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3317352C2 (de) 1983-05-13 1985-03-07 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Einlage für eine projektilbildende Ladung
FR2740212B1 (fr) 1995-10-20 1997-12-05 Giat Ind Sa Charge explosive generatrice de noyau
FR2741142B1 (fr) 1995-11-13 1998-01-02 Giat Ind Sa Charge generatrice de noyau ayant une tenue a l'acceleration amelioree
US8443731B1 (en) 2009-07-27 2013-05-21 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material enhanced projectiles, devices for generating reactive material enhanced projectiles and related methods

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2681677A1 (fr) * 1991-09-20 1993-03-26 Thomson Brandt Armements Charge explosive avec revetement a proprietes mecaniques reparties.
US20070214991A1 (en) * 2003-06-04 2007-09-20 Bofors Defence Ab Device Adjacent to an Explosive Charge with at Least Two Liners
US20220155045A1 (en) * 2019-03-19 2022-05-19 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Warhead and method of producing same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Projektilbildende Ladung", WIKIPEDIA, 8 November 2022 (2022-11-08), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projektilbildende_Ladung>

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