EP4320648A1 - Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques - Google Patents

Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques

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Publication number
EP4320648A1
EP4320648A1 EP22720997.0A EP22720997A EP4320648A1 EP 4320648 A1 EP4320648 A1 EP 4320648A1 EP 22720997 A EP22720997 A EP 22720997A EP 4320648 A1 EP4320648 A1 EP 4320648A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
substituted
radicals
formula
occurrence
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22720997.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rouven LINGE
Miriam ENGEL
Sebastian Stolz
Sebastian Meyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merck Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Merck Patent GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4320648A1 publication Critical patent/EP4320648A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
    • H10K85/626—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene containing more than one polycyclic condensed aromatic rings, e.g. bis-anthracene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/12—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising dopants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
    • H10K85/636—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising heteroaromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
    • H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
    • H10K85/6574—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only oxygen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. cumarine dyes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/05—Isotopically modified compounds, e.g. labelled
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2101/00—Properties of the organic materials covered by group H10K85/00
    • H10K2101/90—Multiple hosts in the emissive layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composition comprising a compound of formula (H1 ) and a compound of formula (H2).
  • the present invention furthermore relates to a formulation comprising a composition comprising a compound of formula (H1 ) and a formula (H2) and a solvent.
  • the present invention relates to an electronic device comprising such a composition.
  • the development of functional compounds for use in electronic devices is currently the subject of intensive research.
  • the aim is, in particular, the development of compounds with which improved properties of electronic devices in one or more relevant points can be achieved, such as, for example, power efficiency and lifetime of the device as well as colour coordinates of the emitted light.
  • the term electronic device is taken to mean, inter alia, organic integrated circuits (OICs), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs), organic light- emitting transistors (OLETs), organic solar cells (OSCs), organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field-quench devices (OFQDs), organic light-emitting electrochemical cells (OLECs), organic laser diodes (O-lasers) and organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs).
  • OICs organic integrated circuits
  • OFETs organic field-effect transistors
  • OLETs organic thin-film transistors
  • OLETs organic light- emitting transistors
  • OSCs organic solar cells
  • OFQDs organic field-quench devices
  • OLEDs organic light-emitting electrochemical cells
  • O-lasers organic laser diodes
  • OEDs organic electroluminescent devices
  • OLEDs Of particular interest is the provision of compounds for use in the last- mentioned electronic devices called OLEDs.
  • the general structure and the functional principle of OLEDs are known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in US 4539507.
  • the emitter compound is generally employed in the emitting layer in combination with a second compound, which serves as matrix compound or host compound.
  • An emitter compound here is taken to mean a compound which emits light during operation of the electronic device.
  • a host compound in this case is taken to mean a compound which is present in the mixture in a greater proportion than the emitter compound.
  • the term matrix compound and the term host compound can be used synonymously.
  • the host compound preferably does not emit light.
  • the emitter compound is typically the component present in smaller amount, i.e. in a smaller proportion than the other compounds present in the mixture of the emitting layer.
  • the emitter compound is also referred to as dopant.
  • Hosts compounds for fluorescent emitters that are known from the prior art are a multiplicity of compounds.
  • the emitting layer may comprise one host compounds or more.
  • Host compounds comprising naphthobisbenzofuran groups have been disclosed in the prior art (for example in WO 2020/089138).
  • Host compounds comprising phenanthrene groups have also been disclosed in the prior art (for example in WO 2009/100925).
  • an OLED may comprise different layers, which may be applied either by vapour deposition in a vacuum chamber or by processing from a solution.
  • the processes based on vapour deposition lead to very good results, but they might be complex and expensive. Therefore, there is also a need for compositions comprising OLED materials that can be easily and reliably processed from a solution. More particularly, there is a need for compositions comprising OLED materials that can be deposited as homogeneous films during the fabrication of OLEDs when processed from a formulation, more particularly from a solution like an ink.
  • the materials should have good solubility properties in the solution that comprises them and the deposited films comprising OLED materials should be as smooth as possible after the drying step leading to the removing of the solvent.
  • the deposited layer form a smooth and homogenous film as layer thickness inhomogeneities cause uneven luminance distributions with areas of thinner film thickness showing increased luminance and thicker areas with reduced luminance, which leads to a decrease of the OLED ' s quality.
  • the OLEDs comprising the films processed form a solution should exhibit good performances, for example in terms of lifetime, operating voltage and efficiency.
  • the present invention is thus based on the technical object of providing compositions comprising OLED materials, which are suitable for use in electronic devices, such as OLEDs, more particularly as a matrix component for fluorescent emitters.
  • the present invention is also based on the technical object of providing compositions comprising OLED materials, which are particularly suitable for solution processing.
  • the present invention is also based on the technical object of providing processes.
  • compositions comprising a compound of formula (H1 ) and a compound of formula (H2) as defined below are eminently suitable for use in electronic devices.
  • they achieve one or more, preferably all, of the above-mentioned technical objects.
  • the present application thus relates to a composition
  • a composition comprising a compound of formula (H1 ) and a compound of formula (H2), formula (H1 ) formula (H2) where the following applies to the symbols and indices used:
  • X 1 to X 12 stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for C-R x , C-Ar x or N; with the proviso that at least one group selected from X 1 to X 12 stands for a group C-Ar x and Ar x stands for a group of formula (Ar x ): formula (Ar x ) where the dashed bond indicates the bonding to the group C in C-Ar x ;
  • Z 1 to Z 10 stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for C-R z , C-Ar z or N; with the proviso that at least one group selected from Z 1 to Z 10 stands for a group C-Ar z and Ar z stands for a group of formula (Ar z ): formula (Ar z ) where the dashed bond indicates the bonding to the group C in C-Ar z ;
  • Ar 1 is, on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aryl or heteroaryl group having 10 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case also be substituted by one or more radicals R v ;
  • Ar 3 is, on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aryl or heteroaryl group having 10 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case also be substituted by one or more radicals R Y ;
  • Ar 2 , Ar 4 , Ar s are, on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case also be substituted by one or more radicals R;
  • R° stands on each occurrence, identically or differently, for H, D, F, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a branched or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, where in each case one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by O or S and where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D or F, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R, where two adjacent radicals R°, may form an aliphatic or aromatic ring system together, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R;
  • R ' stands on each occurrence, identically or differently, for H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, where in each case one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by SO, SO2, O, S and where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br or I, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms; and p, s are on each occurrence, identically or differently, 0 or 1 , wherein: when p or s is 0, then the corresponding Ar s is absent and the group Ar 1 or Ar 3 is directly bonded to C in C-Ar x or C-Ar z ; q, t are on each occurrence, identically or differently, 0, 1 or
  • An aryl group in the sense of this invention contains 6 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 6 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, more preferably 6 to 20 aromatic ring atoms; a heteroaryl group in the sense of this invention contains 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, more preferably 5 to 20 aromatic ring atoms, at least one of which is a heteroatom.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and S. This represents the basic definition. If other preferences are indicated in the description of the present invention, for example with respect to the number of aromatic ring atoms or the heteroatoms present, these apply.
  • An aryl group or heteroaryl group here is taken to mean either a simple aromatic ring, i.e. benzene, or a simple heteroaromatic ring, for example pyridine, pyrimidine or thiophene, or a condensed (annellated) aromatic or heteroaromatic polycycle, for example naphthalene, phenanthrene, quinoline or carbazole.
  • a condensed (annellated) aromatic or heteroaromatic polycycle in the sense of the present application consists of two or more simple aromatic or heteroaromatic rings condensed with one another.
  • An aryl or heteroaryl group which may in each case be substituted by the above-mentioned radicals and which may be linked to the aromatic or hetero aromatic ring system via any desired positions, is taken to mean, in particular, groups derived from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, dihydropyrene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, benzanthracene, benzophenanthrene, tetracene, pentacene, benzopyrene, furan, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, thiophene, benzothiophene, isobenzothio- phene, dibenzothiophene, pyrrole, indole, isoindole, carbazole, pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, acridine, phenanthridine, benzo-5, 6-quinoline, be
  • An aromatic ring system in the sense of this invention contains 6 to 60 C atoms in the ring system, preferably 6 to 40 C atoms, more preferably 6 to 20 C atoms.
  • a heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of this invention contains 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, more preferably 5 to 20 aromatic ring atoms, at least one of which is a heteroatom.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and/or S.
  • An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of this invention is intended to be taken to mean a system which does not necessarily contain only aryl or heteroaryl groups, but instead in which, in addition, a plurality of aryl or hetero aryl groups may be connected by a non-aromatic unit (preferably less than 10% of the atoms other than H), such as, for example, an sp 3 -hybridised C, Si, N or O atom, an sp 2 -hybridised C or N atom or an sp-hybridised C atom.
  • systems such as 9,9’-spirobifluorene, 9,9’-diarylfluorene, triarylamine, diaryl ether, stilbene, etc., are also intended to be taken to be aromatic ring systems in the sense of this invention, as are systems in which two or more aryl groups are connected, for example, by a linear or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group or by a silyl group.
  • systems in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are linked to one another via single bonds are also taken to be aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems in the sense of this invention, such as, for example, systems such as biphenyl, terphenyl or diphenyltriazine.
  • An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 - 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case also be substituted by radicals as defined above and which may be linked to the aromatic or heteroaromatic group via any desired positions, is taken to mean, in particular, groups derived from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene, phenanthrene, benzophenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, naphtha- cene, pentacene, benzopyrene, biphenyl, biphenylene, terphenyl, terphenyl- ene, quaterphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydro pyrene, tetrahydropyrene, cis- or trans-indenofluorene, truxene, isotruxene, spir
  • a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 40 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 40 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 40 C atoms in which, in addition, individual H atoms or CH2 groups may be substituted by the groups mentioned above under the definition of the radicals, is preferably taken to mean the radicals methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, cyclopentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, neohexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, cyclooct
  • 2-ethylhexyloxy pentafluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, i-propylthio, n-butylthio, i-butylthio, s-butylthio, t-butylthio, n-pentylthio, s-pentylthio, n-hexylthio, cyclohexylthio, n-heptylthio, cycloheptylthio, n-octylthio, cyclooctylthio, 2-ethylhexylthio, trifluoro- methylthio, pentafluoroethylthio, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylthio, ethenylthio, propenyl- thio, butenylthio,
  • the above-mentioned formulation is also intended to be taken to mean that, in the case where one of the two radicals represents hydrogen, the second radical is bonded at the position to which the hydrogen atom was bonded, with formation of a ring. This is illustrated by the following scheme:
  • Adjacent radicals in the sense of the present invention are radicals which are bonded to atoms which are linked directly to one another or which are bonded to the same atom.
  • the groups Ar 1 , Ar 3 stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for a condensed aryl group having 10 to 18 aromatic ring atoms. More preferably, the groups Ar 1 , Ar 3 stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for an anthracene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, tetracene, chrysene, benzanthracene, benzophenanthracene, pyrene, perylene, triphenylene, benzopyrene or fluoranthene, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R v in the case of Ar 1 or R Y in the case of Ar 3 at any free positions.
  • the groups Ar 1 , Ar 3 stand for an anthracene group, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R v at any free positions for Ar 1 or by one or more radicals R Y at any free positions for Ar 3 .
  • Examples of suitable groups Ar 1 and Ar 3 are the groups of formulae (Ar1-1 ) to (Ar1 -11 ) as represented in the table below: where the groups of formulae (Ar-1 ) to (Ar-11 ) may be bonded to the adjacent groups at any position and may be substituted at each free position by a group R v in case of Ar 1 and R Y in case of Ar 3 .
  • Ar 1 and Ar 3 are the groups of formulae (Ar1- -1 ) as represented in the table below: where the dashed bonds indicate the bonding to the adjacent groups; and where the groups of formulae (Ar1 -1 -1 ) to (Ar1 -12-1 ) may be substituted at each free position by a group R v in the case of Ar 1 or by a group R Y in the case of Ar 3 , where R v and R Y have the same meaning as above.
  • the group of formula (Arl-1-1 ) is preferred. It is preferred that, in the compound of formula (H1 ), at least one group selected from X 1 to X 4 stands for a group C-Ar x , where Ar x stands for a group of formula (Ar x ) as defined above and that the groups X 5 to X 12 stand for C-R x or N.
  • the compound of formula (H1 ) is selected from the compound of formulae (H1-A) to (H1-D): formula (H1-C) formula (H1-D) where the symbols have the same meaning as above.
  • E 1 , E 2 , E 3 and E 4 stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for a single bond, -C(R°)2-, -Si(R°)2-, -0-, -S- or -N(R°). More preferably, one group selected from E 1 and E 3 stands for a single bond and the other group stands for -C(R°)2-, -Si(R°)2-, -0-, -S- or -N(R°) and one group selected from E 2 and E 4 stands for a single bond and the other group stands for -C(R°) 2 - -Si(R°) 2 - -0-, -S- or -N(R°).
  • the compound of formula (H1 ) is selected from the compounds of one of the following formulae:
  • the group Ar x stands for a group of formula (Ar x -1 ): where the symbols and indices have the same meaning as above and where the anthracene group may be substituted at each free position by a group R v .
  • the group Ar x stands for a group of one of the following formulae:
  • the compound of formula (H1) is selected from the compounds of one of the following formulae: formula (H1-A-1-1) formula (H1-B-1-1) where the symbols and indices have the same meaning as above and where the anthracene group may be substituted at each free position by a group R v .
  • R x , R v stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for H, D, F, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 6 C atoms or branched or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20, preferably 3 to 10, more preferably 3 to 6 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40, preferably 5 to 30, more preferably 5 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R. More preferably, R x is H or D. More preferably, R v is H or D.
  • one group selected from Z 1 to Z 4 stands for a group C-Ar z and that one group selected from Z 5 to Z 8 stands for a group C-Ar z , where Ar z stands for a group of formula (Ar z ) as defined above.
  • the compound (H2) is selected from the compounds of the following formulae:
  • the compounds of formulae (H2-A) to (H2-N) are preferred.
  • the compounds of formulae (H2-A) to (H2-C), (H2-E) to (H2-F) and (H2-H), (H2-K) and (H2-M) are preferred.
  • the compounds of formula (H2-E), (H2-H) und (H2-K) are particularly preferred.
  • the group Ar z stands for a group of formula (Ar z -1 ): where the symbols and indices have the same meaning as above and where the anthracene group may be substituted at each free position by a group R Y .
  • the group Ar z stands for a group of one of the following formulae: formula (Ar z -1 A) formula (Ai ⁇ -I B) where the symbols and indices have the same meaning as above and where the anthracene group may be substituted at each free position by a group R Y .
  • the compound (H2) is selected from the compounds of the following formulae:
  • the compounds of formulae (H2-A-1 ) to (H2-J-2) are preferred.
  • the compounds of formulae (H2-A-1 ) to (H2-C-1 ), (H2-E-1 ), (H2-F-1 ), (H2-H-1 ), (H2-E-2), (H2- F-2) and (H2-H-2) are preferred.
  • the compounds of formulae (H2-H-1 ) are very preferred.
  • R Y , R z stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for H, D, F, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 6 C atoms or branched or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20, preferably 3 to 10, more preferably 3 to 6 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40, preferably 5 to 30, more preferably 5 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R. More preferably, R z stands for H or D. More preferably, R Y stands for H or D.
  • the groups Ar 2 , Ar 4 are on each occurrence, identically or differently, selected from aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 30, preferably 5 to 25 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be sub stituted by one or more radicals R.
  • the group Ar 2 , Ar 4 are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, triphenylene, fluoranthene, tetracene, chrysene, benzanthracene, benzophenanthracene, pyrene, perylene, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, carbazole, indenocarbazole, indolocarbazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, triazine, quinolone, benzopyridine, benzopyridazine, benzopyrimidine, benzimidazole and quinazoline, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals
  • the groups Ar 2 , Ar 4 are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, triphenylene, fluoranthene, tetracene, chrysene, benzanthracene, benzophenanthracene, pyrene or perylene, dibenzofuran, carbazole and dibenzothiophene, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R at any free positions; and where Ar 2 , Ar 4 might also be a combination of two or more of the previously cited groups.
  • the groups Ar 2 , Ar 4 are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, triphenylene, fluoranthene, dibenzofuran, carbazole and dibenzothiophene, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R at any free positions; and where Ar 2 , Ar 4 might also be a combination of two or more of the previously cited groups.
  • Examples of suitable groups Ar 2 and Ar 4 are the groups of formulae (Ar2-1 ) to (Ar2-27) as depicted in the table below: where the dashed bond indicates the bonding to the adjacent group and where the group R° has the same meaning as above; and where the groups of formulae (Ar2-1 ) to (Ar2-27) may be substituted at each free position by a group R, which has the same meaning as above.
  • the groups of formulae (Ar2-1 ) to (Ar2-27) are preferred.
  • the groups of formulae (Ar2-1 ), (Ar2-2), (Ar2-3), (Ar2-4), (Ar2-5), (Ar2-8), (Ar2-18), (Ar2-19) are preferred.
  • the groups of formula (Ar2-1 ), (Ar2-2), (Ar2-3), (Ar2-4), (Ar2-5) are very preferred.
  • the group Ar s stands on each occurrence, identically or differently, for phenyl, biphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, carbazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, triazine, benzopyridine, benzopyridazine, benzopyrimidine and quinazoline, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R.
  • the groups of formulae (ArS-1) to (ArS-26) are preferred.
  • the groups of formulae (ArS-1), (ArS-2), (ArS-3), (ArS-11) and (ArS-12) are preferred.
  • the groups of formula (ArS-1), (ArS-2), (ArS-3) are very preferred.
  • R° stands on each occurrence, identically or differently, for H,
  • D, F a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms or branched or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, where in each case one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups may be replaced by O or S and where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D or F, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 30, preferably 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R, where two adjacent radicals R°, may form an aliphatic or aromatic ring system together, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R;
  • Ar is, on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40, preferably 5 to 30, more preferably 5 to 25, very more preferably 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case also be substituted by one or more radicals R ;
  • R ' stands on each occurrence, identically or differently, for H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms or branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, where in each case one or more H atoms may be replaced by D or F, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 18 C atoms.
  • the composition comprises a compound of formula (H1), a compound of formula (H2) and at least one fluorescent emitter.
  • at least one fluorescent emitter means “one, two, three or more fluorescent emitters”.
  • the composition comprises the compound of formula (H1 ) as a first host material, the compound of formula (H2) as a second host material and a fluorescent emitter as a dopant material.
  • the composition comprises at least one fluorescent emitter, which comprises at least one of the following group:
  • the composition comprises at least one fluorescent emitter of one of the following formulae (E-1 ), (E-2), (E-3) or (E-4) as depicted below: Formula (E-1) where
  • Ar 10 , Ar 11 , Ar 12 are on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case also be substituted by one or more radicals R; with the proviso that at least one group Ar 10 , Ar 11 , Ar 12 is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 10 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, containing at least one condensed aryl or heteroaryl group consisting of 2 to 4 aromatic rings condensed with one another, where the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system may be substituted by one or more radicals
  • R has the same definition as above; and e is 1 , 2, 3 or 4; more preferably, e is 1 ;
  • R° stands on each occurrence, identically or differently, for H, D, F, a straight- chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 , preferably 1 to 10 C atoms or branched or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20, preferably 3 to 10 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, where in each case one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by O or S and where one or more H atoms may be replaced by D or F, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 40, preferably 5 to 30, more preferably 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be sub stituted by one or more radicals R, where two adjacent radicals R°, may form an aliphatic or aromatic ring system together, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R,
  • Ar 30 , Ar 31 , Ar 32 stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 22, preferably 5 to 18, more preferably 6 to 14 aromatic ring atoms;
  • E 30 stands for B or N;
  • R° has the same definition as above; s, t, u are on each occurrence, identically or differently, 0 or 1 , with the proviso that s + t + u > 1 ;
  • Ar 40 Ar 41 , Ar 42 stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 22, preferably 5 to 18, more preferably 6 to 14 aromatic ring atoms;
  • R° has the same definition as above; i, g, h are on each occurrence, identically or differently, 0 or 1 , with the proviso that i + g + h > 1 .
  • the fluorescent emitter of formula (E-1 ) comprises at least one group Ar 10 , Ar 11 or Ar 12 , preferably Ar 10 , which is selected from the groups of formulae (Ar 10 -1 ) to (Ar 10 -24): where the groups Ar 10 -1 to Ar 10 -24 may be substituted at all free positions by one or more radicals R; and where
  • the emitters of formula (E-1 ) comprise a group Ar 10 selected from the groups of formulae (Ar 10 -15) to (Ar 10 - 22), wherein d is preferably equal to 1 and wherein preferably at least one group Ar 11 , Ar 12 is selected from the groups of formulae (Ar 10 -15) to (Ar 10 -22).
  • the emitter of formula (E-1) is selected from the emitters of formulae (E-1-1) to (E-1 -6), where the symbols have the same meaning as above and where: f is 0, 1 or 2; and the benzene rings represented above in the compounds of formulae (E-1-1) to (E-1 -6) may be substituted at all free positions by one or more radicals R.
  • the compounds of formula (E-1) are selected from the compounds of formulae (E-1-1-A) to (E-1-6-A), where the symbols and indices have the same meaning as above and where the benzene rings represented above in the compounds of formulae (E-1-1- A) to (E-1 -6-A) may be substituted at all free positions by one or more radicals R.
  • the fluorescent emitter of formula (E-2) is selected from fluorescent emitters of formula (E-2-1 ) to (E-2-43), where the groups of formulae (E-2-1 ) to (E-2-43) may be substituted at all free positions by one or more radicals R; and where E 20 has the same definition as above.
  • E 20 is C(R°)2.
  • the compounds of formula (E-2) are preferably selected from the compounds of formulae (E-2-32) to (E-2-43). More preferably, the compounds of formula (E-2) are selected from the compounds (E-2-32-A) to (E-2-43-A): where the symbols have the same meaning as above and where the benzene and naphthalene rings represented above in the compounds of formulae (E- 2-32-A) to (E-2-43-A) may be substituted at all free positions by one or more radicals R.
  • the fluorescent emitter of formula (E-3) is selected from fluorescent emitters of formula (E-3-1 ),
  • the fluorescent emitter of formula (E-3) is selected from fluorescent emitters of formula (E-3-2), Formula (E-3-2) where the symbols E 30 to E 33 have the same meaning as above; where t is 0 or 1 , wherein when t is 0, the group E 32 is absent and radicals R 10 are present, which replace the bonds to E 32 ; and where
  • the fluorescent emitter of formula (E-4) is selected from fluorescent emitters of formula (E-4-1 ) or (E-4-2),
  • the fluorescent emitter of formula (E-4) is selected from fluorescent emitters of formula (E-4-1-A) or (E-4-2-A),
  • the fluorescent emitter of formula (E-1 ), (E-2), (E-3) or (E-4) comprises a group RS, wherein the group RS is selected:
  • R 22 , R 23 , R 24 are at each occurrence, identically or differently, selected from H, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 25 , and where two of radicals R 22 , R 23 , R 24 or all radicals R 22 , R 23 , R 24 may be joined to form a (poly)cyclic alkyl group, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 25 ;
  • R 25 is at each occurrence, identically or differently, selected from a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms; with the proviso that at each occurrence at least one of radicals R 22 , R 23 and R 24 is other than H, with the proviso that at each occurrence all of radicals R 22 , R 23 and R 24 together have at least 4 carbon atoms and with the proviso that at each occurrence, if two of radicals R 22 , R 23 , R 24 are H, the remaining radical is not a straight-chain; or from branched or cyclic alkoxy groups represented by the general following formula (RS-b)
  • R 26 , R 27 , R 28 are at each occurrence, identically or differently, selected from H, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 25 as defined above, and where two of radicals R 26 , R 27 , R 28 or all radicals R 26 , R 27 , R 28 may be joined to form a (poly)cyclic alkyl group, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 25 as defined above; with the proviso that at each occurrence only one of radicals R 26 , R 27 and R 28 may be H;
  • R 29 , R 30 , R 31 are at each occurrence, identically or differently, selected from H, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 32 , or an aromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 32 , and where two or all of radicals R 29 , R 30 , R 31 may be joined to form a (poly)cyclic alkyl group or an aromatic ring system, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 32 ;
  • R 32 is at each occurrence, identically or differently, selected from a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms; with the proviso that at each occurrence at least one of radicals R 29 , R 30 and R 31 is other than H and that at each occurrence at least one of radicals R 29 , R 30 and R 31 is or contains an aromatic ring system having at least 6 aromatic ring atoms;
  • R 40 to R 44 is at each occurrence, identically or differently, selected from H, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 32 , or an aromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 32 , and where two or more of radicals R 40 to R 44 may be joined to form a (poly)cyclic alkyl group or an aromatic ring system, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 32 as defined above; or from groups of formula (RS-e), formula (RS-e) where the dashed bond in formula (RS-e) indicates the bonding to the fluorescent emitter, where Ar 50 , Ar 51 stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms
  • the index m in the group of formula (RS-e) is an integer selected from 1 to 6, very preferably from 1 to 4.
  • Ar 50 , Ar 51 stand on each occurrence, identically or differently, for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 40, preferably 5 to 30, more preferably 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be sub stituted by one or more radicals R. More preferably, Ar 50 , Ar 51 are selected from phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, triphenylene, fluoranthene, dibenzofuran, carbazole and dibenzothiophene, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R. Very preferably, at least one group Ar 50 or Ar 51 is a fluorene, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R.
  • At least one group Ar 50 stands for a group of formula (Ar50-2) and/or at least one group Ar 51 stands for a group of formula (Ar51-2), the dashed bonds in formula (Ar50-2) indicate the bonding to the fluorescent emitter and to a group Ar 50 or Ar 51 ; and the dashed bond in formula (Ar51-2) indicates the bonding to Ar 50 ;
  • E 4 is selected from -C(R 0a )2-, -Si(R 0a )2-, -0-, -S- or -N(R 0a )-, preferably - C(R 0a ) 2 ;
  • R 0a stands on each occurrence, identically or differently, for H, D, F, CN, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10 C atoms or branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 40, preferably 3 to 20, more preferably 3 to 10 C atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 60, preferably 5 to 40, more preferably 5 to 30, very preferably 5 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R; where two adjacent substituents R 0a may form a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic ring system or aromatic ring system, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R, which has the same meaning as above; and the groups of formulae (Ar50-2) and (Ar51-2) may be substituted at each free position by a group R, which has the same meaning as above.
  • the group RS is preferably located at a position, where it replaces R, R° or
  • Examples of fluorescent emitters which may be employed in the composition comprising the compounds of formulae (H1 ) and (H2) are aromatic anthra- cenamines, aromatic anthracenediamines, aromatic pyrenamines, aromatic pyrenediamines, aromatic chrysenamines or aromatic chrysenediamines.
  • An aromatic anthracenamine is taken to mean a compound in which one diarylamino group is bonded directly to an anthracene group, preferably in the 9-position.
  • An aromatic anthracenediamine is taken to mean a compound in which two diarylamino groups are bonded directly to an anthracene group, preferably in the 9,10-position.
  • Aromatic pyrenamines, pyrenediamines, chrysenamines and chrysenediamines are defined analogously thereto, where the diarylamino groups are preferably bonded to the pyrene in the 1 -position or in the 1 ,6-position.
  • Further preferred emitters are bridged triarylamines, for example in accordance with WO 2019/111971 , WO201 9/240251 and WO 2020/067290.
  • emitters are indenofluorenamines or indenofluorenediamines, for example in accordance with WO 2006/108497 or WO 2006/122630, benzoindenofluorenamines or benzoindenofluorenediamines, for example in accordance with WO 2008/ 006449, and dibenzoindenofluorenamines or dibenzoindenofluorene- diamines, for example in accordance with WO 2007/140847, and the indenofluorene derivatives containing condensed aryl groups which are disclosed in WO 2010/012328.
  • Still further preferred emitters are benzanthracene derivatives as disclosed in WO 2015/158409, anthracene derivatives as disclosed in WO 2017/036573, fluorene dimers connected via heteroaryl groups like in WO 2016/150544 or phenoxazine derivatives as disclosed in WO 2017/028940 and WO 2017/028941.
  • Preference is likewise given to the pyrenarylamines disclosed in WO 2012/048780 and WO 2013/185871.
  • very suitable fluorescent emitters are the indenofluorene derivatives disclosed in WO 2018/007421 and the dibenzofuran derivatives disclosed in WO 2019/076789.
  • the compound of formula (H1 ) and the compound of formula (H2) are present together in the composition, preferably in a homogeneous mixture.
  • the compound of formula (H1 ) is present in the composition in a proportion of 1 - 99 %, preferably 10 - 90 %, more preferably 20 - 80 %, particularly preferably 30 - 75%, very particularly preferably 35 - 70%.
  • the compound of formula (H2) is present in the composition according to the invention in a proportion of 1 - 99 %, preferably 10 - 90 %, more preferably 20 - 80 %, particularly preferably 25 - 70%, very particularly preferably 30 - 60%.
  • the composition according to the invention further comprises at least one fluorescent emitter.
  • the fluorescent emitter is present in the composition in a proportion of 0.1 and 50.0%, preferably between 0.5 and 20.0%, particularly preferably between 1.0 and 10.0%.
  • the specifications of the proportions in % are, for the purposes of the present application, taken to mean % by vol. if the compounds are applied from the gas phase and % by weight if the compounds are applied from solution.
  • formulations of the compositions according to the invention are necessary. These formulations can be, for example, solutions, dispersions or emulsions. It may be preferred to use mixtures of two or more solvents for this purpose.
  • the solvents are preferably selected from organic and inorganic solvents, more preferably organic solvents.
  • the solvents are very preferably selected from hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, ethers, ketones and amines.
  • Suitable and preferred solvents are, for example, toluene, anisole, o-, m- or p-xylene, methyl benzoate, mesitylene, tetralin, veratrole, THF, methyl-TFIF, THP, chlorobenzene, dioxane, phenoxytoluene, in particular 3- phenoxytoluene, (-)-fenchone, 1 ,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1 ,2,4,5-tetra- methylbenzene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 1-ethylnaphthalene, decylbenzene, phenyl naphthalene, menthyl isovalerate, para tolyl isobutyrate, cyclohexal hexanoate, ethyl para toluate, ethyl ortho toluate, ethyl meta toluate, decahydronaphthalene, ethyl 2-
  • the present invention therefore furthermore relates to a formulation com prising a compound formula (H1 ) and a compound of formula (H2) according to the invention and at least one solvent.
  • the solvent may be one of the above-mentioned solvents or a mixture of these solvents.
  • the proportion of the organic solvent in the formulation according to the invention is preferably at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight and more preferably at least 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation.
  • a formulation in accordance with the present invention can be employed for the production of a layer or multilayered structure in which the organofunc- tional materials are present in layers, as are required for the production of preferred electronic or opto-electronic components, such as OLEDs.
  • the formulation of the present invention can preferably be employed for the formation of a functional layer comprising a composition according to the present invention on a substrate or on one of the layers applied to the substrate.
  • Still further object of the invention is a process for the production of an electronic device, wherein at least one layer is obtained from the application of a formulation of the present invention.
  • a formulation according to the invention is applied to a substrate or to another layer and then dried.
  • the functional layer obtained from the formulation according to the invention can be produced, for example, by flood coating, dip coating, spray coating, spin coating, screen printing, relief printing, gravure printing, rotary printing, roller coating, flexographic printing, offset printing or nozzle printing, preferably ink-jet printing on a substrate or one of the layers applied to the substrate.
  • a drying step can be carried out in order to remove the solvent.
  • the drying step comprises a vacuum drying, which is preferably followed by an annealing of the layer.
  • the vacuum drying here can preferably be carried out at a pressure in the range from 10 7 mbar to 1 bar, particularly preferably in the range from 10 6 mbar to 1 bar.
  • the vacuum drying is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range from 10 to 40°C, more preferably 15 to 30°C.
  • the vacuum drying step is preferably followed by a thermal annealing of the layer.
  • the thermal annealing of the layer preferably takes places at a temperature of from 120°C to 180°C, preferably from 130°C to 170°C, more preferably 140°C to 160°C.
  • the present invention relates to a process for the production of an electronic device comprising at least one layer comprising a composition according to the present invention, wherein the process comprises the following steps: a) Preparation of a formulation according to the invention; b) Application of the formulation prepared in step a) on a substrate or on another layer in order to form a layer comprising a composition according to the present invention; c) Drying of the layer in order to remove the solvent.
  • the formulation is applied by processing from a liquid phase, more preferably via a coating method or a printing method, very more preferably by a printing method, particularly preferably by an inkjet printing method.
  • Another object of the invention is an electronic device, which comprises anode, cathode and at least one functional layer in between, where this functional layer comprises a composition according to the invention.
  • this functional layer comprises a composition according to the invention.
  • the at least one functional layer comprising a composition according to the invention is an emitting layer.
  • the electronic device is preferably selected from organic electroluminescent device (OLEDs), organic integrated circuits, organic field-effect transistors, organic thin-film transistors, organic light-emitting transistors, organic solar cells, dye-sensitised organic solar cells, organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field-quench devices, light-emitting electrochemical cells, organic laser diodes and organic plasmon emitting devices. More preferably, the electronic device is an organic electroluminescent device (OLED).
  • OLEDs organic electroluminescent device
  • the organic electroluminescent device comprises a cathode, an anode and at least one emitting layer, which comprises a composition according to the invention. Apart from these layers, it may also comprise further layers, for example in each case one or more hole-injection layers, hole-transport layers, hole-blocking layers, electron-transport layers, electron-injection layers, exciton-blocking layers, electron-blocking layers and/or charge-generation layers. It is likewise possible for interlayers, which have, for example, an exciton-blocking function, to be introduced between two emitting layers. However, it should be pointed out that each of these layers does not necessarily have to be present.
  • the organic electroluminescent device here may comprise one emitting layer or a plurality of emitting layers.
  • a plurality of emission layers are present, these preferably have in total a plurality of emission maxima between 380 nm and 750 nm, resulting overall in white emission, i.e. various emitting compounds which are able to fluoresce or phosphoresce are used in the emitting layers.
  • various emitting compounds which are able to fluoresce or phosphoresce are used in the emitting layers.
  • Particular preference is given to systems having three emitting layers, where the three layers exhibit blue, green and orange or red emission (for the basic structure see, for example, WO 2005/011013).
  • These can be fluorescent or phosphorescent emission layers or hybrid systems, in which fluorescent and phosphorescent emission layers are combined with one another.
  • the electronic device concerned may comprise a single emitting layer comprising the composition according to the invention or it may comprise two or more emitting layers.
  • composition according to the present invention may comprise one or more further matrix materials.
  • Preferred further matrix materials are selected from the classes of the oligoarylenes (for example 2,2‘,7,7‘-tetraphenylspirobifluorene in accordance with EP 676461 or dinaphthylanthracene), in particular the oligoarylenes containing condensed aromatic groups, the oligoarylenevinylenes (for example DPVBi or spiro-DPVBi in accordance with EP 676461 ), the polypodal metal complexes (for example in accordance with WO 2004/081017), the hole-conducting compounds (for example in accordance with WO 2004/058911 ), the electron-conducting compounds, in particular ketones, phosphine oxides, sulfoxides, etc.
  • the oligoarylenes for example 2,2‘,7,7‘-tetraphenylspirobifluorene in accordance with EP 676461 or dinaphthylanthracene
  • Particularly preferred matrix materials are selected from the classes of the oligoarylenes, comprising naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene and/or pyrene or atropisomers of these com pounds, the oligoarylenevinylenes, the ketones, the phosphine oxides and the sulfoxides.
  • Very particularly preferred matrix materials are selected from the classes of the oligoarylenes, comprising anthracene, benzanthracene, benzophenanthrene and/or pyrene or atropisomers of these compounds.
  • An oligoarylene in the sense of this invention is intended to be taken to mean a compound in which at least three aryl or arylene groups are bonded to one another.
  • Suitable charge-transport materials are, for example, the com pounds disclosed in Y. Shirota et al. , Chem. Rev. 2007, 107(4), 953-1010, or other materials as are employed in these layers in accordance with the prior art.
  • Materials which can be used for the electron-transport layer are all materials as are used in accordance with the prior art as electron-transport materials in the electron-transport layer. Particularly suitable are aluminium complexes, for example Alq3, zirconium complexes, for example Zrq4, lithium complexes, for example LiQ, benzimidazole derivatives, triazine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, pyridine derivatives, pyrazine derivatives, quinoxaline derivatives, quinoline derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, aromatic ketones, lactams, boranes, diazaphosphole derivatives and phosphine oxide derivatives. Furthermore, suitable materials are derivatives of the above-mentioned compounds, as disclosed in JP 2000/053957, WO 2003/060956, WO 2004/028217, WO 2004/080975 and WO 2010/072300.
  • Preferred hole-transport materials which can be used in a hole-transport, hole-injection or electron-blocking layer in the electroluminescent device according to the invention are indenofluorenamine derivatives (for example in accordance with WO 06/122630 or WO 06/100896), the amine derivatives disclosed in EP 1661888, hexaazatriphenylene derivatives (for example in accordance with WO 01/049806), amine derivatives containing condensed aromatic rings (for example in accordance with US 5,061 ,569), the amine derivatives disclosed in WO 95/09147, monobenzoindenofluorenamines (for example in accordance with WO 08/006449), dibenzoindenofluorenamines (for example in accordance with WO 07/140847), spirobifluorenamines (for example in accordance with WO 2012/034627 or WO 2013/120577), fluorenamines (for example in accordance with the as applications EP 2875092, EP 28756
  • the cathode of the organic electroluminescent device preferably comprises metals having a low work function, metal alloys or multilayered structures comprising various metals, such as, for example, alkaline-earth metals, alkali metals, main-group metals or lanthanoids (for example Ca, Ba, Mg, Al, In, Mg, Yb, Sm, etc.). Also suitable are alloys comprising an alkali metal or alkaline- earth metal and silver, for example an alloy comprising magnesium and silver.
  • further metals which have a relatively high work function such as, for example, Ag or Al
  • lithium quinolinate (LiQ) can be used for this purpose.
  • the layer thickness of this layer is preferably between 0.5 and 5 nm.
  • the anode preferably comprises materials having a high work function.
  • the anode preferably has a work function of greater than 4.5 eV vs. vacuum. Suitable for this purpose are on the one hand metals having a high redox potential, such as, for example, Ag, Pt or Au.
  • metal/metal oxide electrodes for example AI/Ni/NiOx, Al/PtOx
  • at least one of the electrodes must be transparent or partially transparent in order to facilitate either irradiation of the organic material (organic solar cells) or the coupling-out of light (OLEDs, O-lasers).
  • Preferred anode materials here are conductive mixed metal oxides. Particular preference is given to indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). Preference is furthermore given to conductive, doped organic materials, in particular conductive doped polymers.
  • the device is appropriately (depending on the application) structured, pro vided with contacts and finally sealed, since the lifetime of the devices according to the invention is shortened in the presence of water and/or air.
  • the organic electroluminescent device according to the invention is characterised in that one or more layers are coated by means of a sublimation process, in which the materials are applied by vapour deposition in vacuum sublimation units at an initial pressure of less than 10 5 mbar, preferably less than 10 -6 mbar.
  • the initial pressure it is also possible here for the initial pressure to be even lower, for example less than 10 7 mbar.
  • an organic electroluminescent device char acterised in that one or more layers are coated by means of the OVPD (organic vapour phase deposition) process or with the aid of carrier-gas sublimation, in which the materials are applied at a pressure of between 10 5 mbar and 1 bar.
  • OVPD organic vapour phase deposition
  • carrier-gas sublimation in which the materials are applied at a pressure of between 10 5 mbar and 1 bar.
  • OVJP organic vapour jet printing
  • an organic electroluminescent device characterised in that one or more layers are produced from solution, such as, for example, by spin coating, or by means of any desired printing process, such as, for example, screen printing, flexographic printing, nozzle printing or offset printing, but particularly preferably LITI (light induced thermal imaging, thermal transfer printing) or ink-jet printing.
  • Soluble compounds of the formula (I) are necessary for this purpose. High solubility can be achieved through suitable substitution of the compounds.
  • hybrid processes in which, for example, one or more layers are applied from solution and one or more further layers are applied by vapour deposition.
  • the electronic devices comprising one or more compounds according to the invention can be employed in displays, as light sources in lighting applications and as light sources in medical and/or cosmetic applications (for example light therapy).
  • an oven dried flask is equipped with a magnetic stir bar, 1 (2417686-30-5) (13.0 g, 36.9 mmol, I .O equiv.), 2 (2377545-66-7) (18.4 g, 54 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (1.3 g, 1.4 mmol), SPhos (1.16 g, 2.8 mmol) and potassium fluoride (5.3 g, 92.3 mmol). Toluene (150 ml_), 1 ,4-dioxane (150 ml_) and water (150 ml_) is added and the mixture is refluxed overnight. The raw product is purified by column chromatography and sublimation. The desired product is isolated as colorless solid (5.2 g, 9.1 mmol, 25 %).
  • the product is purified by column chromatography (silica, toluene/heptane) and crystallization out of toluene/heptane. The remaining solvents are removed by sublimation.
  • the grade of deuteration is obtained by NMR spectroscopy and LC-MS.
  • the group “-H/D” means that the grade of deuteration at the corresponding position is around 50%.
  • the precipitate is purified by hot extraction over aluminum oxide (toluene) and further purified by crystallization out of toluene/ethanol and toluene/heptane up to a purity of >99.9 by FIPLC.
  • the remaining solvents are removed by tempering at 300 °C at 10 -5 bar for 2 hours.
  • the aqueous phase is extracted with toluene (2x200 ml) and the combined organic phases are washed with water (2x 200 ml) dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and reduced under reduced pressure. The remaining solid is filtered over silica (toluene) and crystalized out of toluene/ethanol up to a purity of 98% by HPLC.
  • the aqueous phase is extracted with toluene (2x200 ml) and the combined organic phases are washed with water (2x 200 ml) dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and reduced under reduced pressure.
  • the remaining solid purified by hot extraction over aluminum oxide (toluene) and crystalized out of toluene/ethanol and toluene/heptane up to a purity of >99.9% by HPLC.
  • the remaining solvents are removed by tempering at 300°C and 10 5 bar for 2 hours.
  • inventive material combinations are used in the following layer sequence:
  • EML emission layer
  • HBL electron-blocking layer
  • ETL electron-transport layer
  • the hole-transport layer is either the polymer of the structure shown in table 1 (HTM1), which is synthesized in accordance with W02013156130 or the polymer HTM2 (table 1), which is synthesized in accordance with WO201 8/114882.
  • the polymer is dissolved in toluene, so that the solution typically has a solid content of approx. 6 g/l if, as here, the layer thickness of 20 nm which is typical for a device is to be achieved by means of spin coating.
  • the layers are applied by spin coating in an inert-gas atmosphere, in the present case argon, and dried by heating at 225°C for 30 min.
  • the emission layer is composed of the host material HM or a mixture of two host materials (HM1+HM2) and the emitting material (E).
  • the weight ratios are indicated in Table 3.
  • the mixture for the emission layer is dissolved in toluene.
  • the solids content of such solutions is about 10 mg/ml if, as here, the layer thickness of 35 nm which is typical for a device is to be achieved by means of spin coating.
  • the layers are applied by spin coating in an inert- gas atmosphere, and dried by heating at 150°C for 10 minutes.
  • the materials of the present case are shown in table 2a and table 2b.
  • the materials for the electron-blocking layer and the electron-transporting layer are likewise applied by thermal vapour deposition in a vacuum chamber and are shown in table 3.
  • the electron-blocking layer consists of the material ETM1 and the electron-transporting layer consists of the two materials ETM1 and ETM2, which are mixed with one another in a proportion by volume of 55% of ETM1 and 45% of ETM2 by co-evaporation.
  • the cathode is formed by thermal evaporation of an aluminium layer with a thickness of 100 nm.
  • the OLEDs are characterised by standard methods. For this purpose, the electroluminescence spectra are recorded, the current efficiency (measured in cd/A) and the external quantum efficiency (EQE, measured in percent) as a function of the luminous density assuming Lambert emission characteristics are calculated from current/voltage/luminous density char acteristic lines (IUL characteristic lines). The electroluminescence spectra are recorded at a luminous density of 1000 cd/m 2 , and the CIE 1931 x and y colour coordinates are calculated from this data. The lifetime LT90 @
  • 1000 cd/m 2 is defined as the time after which the initial luminous density of 1000 cd/m 2 has dropped by 10%.
  • the inventive compounds are especially suitable as host when blended with a fluorescent blue dopant to form the emissive layer of a fluorescent blue OLED device.
  • the properties of the various OLEDs are summarised in table 3. References 1 to 12 represent the single host references, whereas examples 1 to 7 show properties of OLEDs containing material mixtures of the present invention.
  • Table 3 shows that Reference 1, which uses host material HM1-1 with 1% emitter E1, leads to a good EQE and limited lifetime.
  • Reference 2 which uses host material HM2-1 with the same amount of emitter, leads to a significantly reduced efficiency but much longer lifetime.
  • Mixing both host materials leads for both mixtures of 69:30:1 and a 49:50:1 to a significantly improved lifetime compared to Reference 1 (with only a very small trade-off in efficiency) and an increase in efficiency and lifetime compared to Reference 2.
  • All examples in Table 3 show according to the present invention an improvement in lifetime, when mixing a good and a bad performing host material. This is independent of the emitter type and its concentration.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition comprenant un composé de formule (H1) et un composé de formule (H2). La présente invention concerne en outre une formulation comprenant une composition comprenant un composé de formule (H1) et un composé de formule (H2) et un solvant. Enfin, la présente invention concerne un dispositif électronique comprenant une telle composition.
EP22720997.0A 2021-04-09 2022-04-06 Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques Pending EP4320648A1 (fr)

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