EP4112779B1 - Cellule d'électrolyse à trois chambre destinée à la production d'alcoolates alcalimétaux - Google Patents

Cellule d'électrolyse à trois chambre destinée à la production d'alcoolates alcalimétaux Download PDF

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EP4112779B1
EP4112779B1 EP21182468.5A EP21182468A EP4112779B1 EP 4112779 B1 EP4112779 B1 EP 4112779B1 EP 21182468 A EP21182468 A EP 21182468A EP 4112779 B1 EP4112779 B1 EP 4112779B1
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Prior art keywords
chamber
solution
stirring device
mechanical stirring
alkali metal
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4112779A1 (fr
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Philip Heinrich REINSBERG
Michael Horn
Jörn Klaus Erich WOLF
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Priority to DK21182468.5T priority Critical patent/DK4112779T3/da
Application filed by Evonik Operations GmbH filed Critical Evonik Operations GmbH
Priority to EP21182468.5A priority patent/EP4112779B1/fr
Priority to HUE21182468A priority patent/HUE064033T2/hu
Priority to CN202280046251.6A priority patent/CN117597470A/zh
Priority to JP2023577605A priority patent/JP2024523350A/ja
Priority to KR1020237045182A priority patent/KR20240023532A/ko
Priority to US18/573,924 priority patent/US20240295034A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2022/066937 priority patent/WO2023274794A1/fr
Publication of EP4112779A1 publication Critical patent/EP4112779A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/01—Products
    • C25B3/07—Oxygen containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
    • C25B13/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
    • C25B13/05—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material based on inorganic materials
    • C25B13/07—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material based on inorganic materials based on ceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/20—Processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/20—Processes
    • C25B3/25—Reduction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/13—Single electrolytic cells with circulation of an electrolyte
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C25B9/21—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms two or more diaphragms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrolytic cell which has three chambers, the middle chamber being separated from the cathode chamber by a solid electrolyte which is permeable to cations, for example NaSICON, and from the anode chamber by a diffusion barrier.
  • the invention is characterized in that the middle chamber comprises a mechanical stirring device.
  • the electrolytic cell according to the invention solves the problem that a concentration gradient forms in the middle chamber of the electrolytic cell during electrolysis, which leads to locally reduced pH values and thus to damage to the solid electrolyte.
  • the mechanical stirring device can be used to stir the electrolyte solution in the middle chamber during electrolysis, which prevents the formation of a pH gradient.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an alkali metal alkoxide solution in the electrolytic cell according to the invention.
  • the electrochemical production of alkali metal alkoxide solutions is an important industrial process that is used, for example, in DE 103 60 758 A1 , the U.S. 2006/0226022 A1 and the WO 2005/059205 A1 is described.
  • the principle of this process is reflected in an electrolytic cell in whose anode chamber there is a solution of an alkali salt, for example common salt or NaOH, and in whose cathode chamber there is the alcohol in question or a low-concentration alcoholic solution of the alkali metal alcoholate in question, for example sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide.
  • the cathode compartment and the anode compartment are separated by a ceramic which conducts the alkali metal ion used, for example NaSICON or an analog for potassium or lithium.
  • a current is applied, chlorine is formed at the anode - if a chloride salt of the alkali metal is used - and hydrogen and alcohol ions are formed at the cathode.
  • the charge is equalized by the alkali metal ions migrating from the middle chamber into the cathode chamber via the ceramic that is selective for them.
  • the charge equalization between the middle chamber and the anode chamber takes place through the migration of cations when using cation exchange membranes or the migration of anions when using anion exchange membranes or through the migration of both types of ions when using non-specific diffusion barriers. This increases the concentration of the alkali alcoholate in the cathode chamber and the concentration of the sodium ions in the anolyte decreases.
  • Three-chamber cells have been proposed in the prior art. Such are known in the field of electrodialysis, for example US 6,221,225 B1 .
  • WO 2012/048032 A2 and US 2010/0044242 A1 describe, for example, electrochemical processes for the production of sodium hypochlorite and similar chlorine compounds in such a three-chamber cell.
  • the cathode chamber and the middle chamber of the cell are separated by a cation-permeable solid electrolyte such as NaSICON.
  • the middle chamber is supplied with solution from the cathode chamber, for example.
  • the US 2010/0044242 A1 also describes in Figure 6 that solution from the middle compartment can be mixed with solution from the anode compartment outside the compartment to obtain sodium hypochlorite.
  • the DE 42 33 191 A1 describes the electrolytic production of alcoholates from salts and alcoholates in multi-chamber cells and stacks of several cells.
  • the WO 2008/076327 A1 describes a process for preparing alkali metal alkoxides.
  • a three-chamber cell is used, the middle chamber of which is filled with alkali metal alkoxide (see, for example, paragraphs [0008] and [0067] of WO 2008/076327 A1 ).
  • WO 2009/073062 A1 A similar arrangement is described in WO 2009/073062 A1 .
  • this arrangement has the disadvantage that the alkali metal alkoxide solution is the desired product, but this is consumed as a buffer solution and is continuously contaminated.
  • the central chamber is separated from the anode chamber by a diffusion barrier and from the cathode chamber by an ion-conducting ceramic.
  • ion-conducting ceramic During the electrolysis, this inevitably leads to the formation of pH gradients and dead volumes. This can damage the ion-conducting ceramic and consequently increase the voltage requirement of the electrolysis and/or lead to breakage of the ceramic.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide an improved process for the electrolytic production of alkali metal alkoxide and an electrolysis chamber which is particularly suitable for such a process.
  • These should not have the aforementioned disadvantages and should in particular ensure improved protection of the solid electrolyte against the formation of the pH gradient and more economical use of the educts compared to the prior art.
  • illustration 1 shows a preferred embodiment of an electrolytic cell ⁇ 100> according to the invention and of the method according to the invention.
  • the three-chamber cell E ⁇ 100> comprises a cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102>, an anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> and a middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> lying between them.
  • the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102> comprises a cathodic electrode E K ⁇ 105>, an inlet Z KK ⁇ 107> and an outlet A KK ⁇ 109>.
  • Anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> comprises an anodic electrode E A ⁇ 104> and drain A KA ⁇ 106> and is connected to middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> via connection V AM ⁇ 112>.
  • the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> includes an inlet Z KM ⁇ 108>.
  • the three chambers are delimited by an outer wall ⁇ 117> of the three-chamber cell E ⁇ 100>.
  • the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102> is also separated from the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> by a NaSICON solid electrolyte F K ⁇ 111> that is selectively permeable for sodium ions.
  • the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> is additionally in turn separated from the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> by a diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110>.
  • the NaSICON solid electrolyte F K ⁇ 111> and the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> extend over the entire depth and height of the three-chamber cell E ⁇ 100>.
  • the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> is made of glass.
  • connection V AM ⁇ 112> is formed outside the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, in particular by a tube or hose, the material of which can be selected from rubber, metal or plastic.
  • liquid can be conducted from the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> into the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> outside the outer wall WA ⁇ 117> of the three-chamber cell E ⁇ 100>.
  • connection V AM ⁇ 112> connects an outlet A KM ⁇ 118>, which breaks through the outer wall WA ⁇ 117> of the electrolysis cell E ⁇ 100> at the bottom of the central chamber K M ⁇ 103>, with an inlet Z KA ⁇ 119>, which breaks through the outer wall W A ⁇ 117> of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> at the bottom of the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101>.
  • An aqueous solution of sodium chloride L 3 ⁇ 114> with a pH of 10.5 is added via the inlet Z KM ⁇ 108> in the same direction as gravity into the middle chamber KM ⁇ 103>.
  • the connection V AM ⁇ 112> which is formed between an outlet A KM ⁇ 118> of the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> and an inlet Z KA ⁇ 119> of the anode chamber KA ⁇ 101>, creates the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103 > connected to the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101 >.
  • Sodium chloride solution L 3 ⁇ 114> is conducted through this connection V AM ⁇ 112> from the middle chamber KM ⁇ 103> into the anode chamber KA ⁇ 101>.
  • a solution of sodium methoxide in methanol L 2 ⁇ 113> is fed into the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102> via the inlet Z KK ⁇ 107>.
  • a voltage is applied between the cathodic electrode E K ⁇ 105> and the anodic electrode E A ⁇ 104>.
  • methanol im Electrolyte L 2 ⁇ 113> reduced to methoxide and H 2 (CH 3 OH + e - ⁇ CH 3 O - + 1 ⁇ 2 H 2 ).
  • Sodium ions diffuse from the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> through the NaSICON solid electrolyte F K ⁇ 111> into the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102>.
  • the acidity damages the NaSICON solid electrolyte ⁇ 111>, but is limited by the arrangement according to the invention in the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> and is thus kept away from the NaSICON solid electrolyte F K ⁇ 111> in the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>. This increases its lifespan considerably.
  • the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> there is also a mechanical stirring device in the form of a propeller stirrer ⁇ 121>, which is operated by an electric motor ⁇ 122>, the propeller stirrer being connected to the electric motor via a transmission element ⁇ 124>.
  • the propeller stirrer ⁇ 121> hangs freely in the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103>, but can also be attached to the inside of the outer wall W A ⁇ 117>.
  • the transmission element ⁇ 124> extends through an opening ⁇ 125> in the outer wall of the central chamber K M ⁇ 103> into the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>.
  • the aqueous solution L 3 ⁇ 114> supplied through the inlet Z KM ⁇ 108> is mixed by the operation of the propeller stirrer ⁇ 121>, which leads to eddies and turbulence.
  • These turbulences in the solution L 3 ⁇ 114> prevent a pH gradient building up in the central chamber K M ⁇ 103> as the electrolysis progresses and prevent the formation of a low pH value in the area immediately adjacent to the NaSICON solid electrolyte ⁇ 111> Solution. This further increases the durability of the NaSICON solid electrolyte ⁇ 111>.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the electrolytic cell according to the invention and the method according to the invention, which is in illustration 1 shown.
  • the difference is that the mechanical stirring device instead of the in illustration 1
  • the propeller stirrer ⁇ 121> described comprises a magnetic stirrer bar ⁇ 123-1>, which can be operated with a magnetic stirrer drive ⁇ 123-2> located outside the central chamber K M ⁇ 103>.
  • the aqueous solution L 3 ⁇ 114> supplied through the inlet Z KM ⁇ 108> is swirled by this mechanical stirring device.
  • These turbulences in the solution L 3 ⁇ 114> destroy the pH gradient that builds up in the central chamber K M ⁇ 103> as the electrolysis progresses.
  • the first aspect of the invention relates to an electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>.
  • the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> according to the first aspect of the invention comprises at least one anode chamber K A ⁇ 101>, at least one cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102> and at least one intermediate chamber K M ⁇ 103>.
  • This also includes electrolytic cells E ⁇ 100> which have more than one anode chamber KA ⁇ 101> and/or cathode chamber KK ⁇ 102> and/or middle chamber KM - ⁇ 103>.
  • Such electrolytic cells, in which these chambers are joined together in a modular manner are, for example, in DD 258 143 A3 and the U.S. 2006/0226022 A1 described.
  • the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> includes an anodic electrode E A ⁇ 104>.
  • Any electrode familiar to a person skilled in the art that is stable under the conditions of the method according to the second aspect of the invention can be used as such an anodic electrode E A ⁇ 104>.
  • Such are in particular in WO 2014/008410 A1 , paragraph [024] or DE 10360758 A1 , paragraph [031].
  • This electrode E A ⁇ 104> can consist of one layer or of several planar layers parallel to one another, each of which can be perforated or expanded.
  • the anodic electrode E A ⁇ 104> comprises in particular a material selected from the group consisting of ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide, nickel, cobalt, nickel tungstate, nickel titanate, noble metals such as platinum in particular, which is deposited on a carrier such as titanium or Kovar ® (an iron /nickel/cobalt alloy, in which the individual proportions are preferably as follows: 54% by mass iron, 29% by mass nickel, 17% by mass cobalt).
  • Other possible anode materials are, in particular, stainless steel, lead, graphite, tungsten carbide, titanium diboride.
  • the anodic electrode E A ⁇ 104> preferably comprises a titanium anode (RuO 2 +IrO 2 /Ti) coated with ruthenium oxide/iridium oxide.
  • the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102> includes a cathodic electrode E K ⁇ 105>. Any electrode familiar to a person skilled in the art that is stable under the conditions can be used as such a cathodic electrode E K ⁇ 105>. Such are in particular in WO 2014/008410 A1 , paragraph [025] or DE 10360758 A1 , paragraph [030].
  • This electrode E K ⁇ 105> can be selected from the group consisting of mesh wool, three-dimensional matrix structure or "balls”.
  • the cathodic electrode E K ⁇ 105> comprises in particular a material selected from the group consisting of steel, nickel, copper, platinum, platinized metals, palladium, palladium supported on carbon, titanium. E K ⁇ 105> preferably comprises nickel.
  • the at least one middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> is located between the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> and the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102>.
  • the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> usually has an outer wall W A ⁇ 117>.
  • the outer wall W A ⁇ 117> is in particular made of a material which is selected from the group consisting of steel, preferably rubberized steel, plastic, which is in particular made of Telene® (thermosetting polydicyclopentadiene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PVC-C (post-chlorinated polyvinyl chloride), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) is selected.
  • W A ⁇ 117> can be perforated in particular for inlets and outlets.
  • the at least one anode chamber K A ⁇ 101>, the at least one cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102> and the at least one intermediate chamber K M ⁇ 103> are then located within W A ⁇ 117>.
  • K M ⁇ 103> is separated from K A ⁇ 101> by a diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> and separated from K K ⁇ 102> by an alkali cation-conducting solid electrolyte F K ⁇ 111>.
  • Any material which is stable under the conditions of the method according to the second aspect of the invention and which prevents the transfer of protons from the liquid in the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> to the middle chamber K M can be used for the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> ⁇ 103> prevented or slowed down.
  • a non-ion-specific dividing wall or a membrane permeable to specific ions is used as the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110>.
  • the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> is preferably a non-ion-specific partition.
  • the material of the non-ion-specific partition wall is in particular selected from the group consisting of fabric, in particular textile fabric or metal fabric, glass, in particular sintered glass or glass frits, ceramic, in particular ceramic frits, membrane diaphragms, and is selected particularly preferably glass.
  • the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> is a “membrane permeable to specific ions”, this means according to the invention that the respective membrane favors the diffusion of certain ions through it compared to other ions.
  • membranes are meant that favor the diffusion through them of ions of a certain type of charge compared to oppositely charged ions. More preferably, specific ion permeable membranes also favor the diffusion of certain ions having one charge type through them over other ions of the same charge type.
  • the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> is a “membrane permeable to specific ions”, the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> is in particular an anion-conducting membrane or a cation-conducting membrane.
  • anion-conducting membranes are those which selectively conduct anions, preferably selectively specific anions. In other words, they favor the diffusion of anions through them over that of cations, especially protons, more preferably they additionally favor the diffusion of certain anions through them over the diffusion of other anions through them.
  • cation-conducting membranes are those which selectively conduct cations, preferably selectively specific cations. In other words, they favor the diffusion of cations through them over that of anions, more preferably they additionally favor the diffusion of certain cations through them over the diffusion of other cations through them, much more preferably cations where there is are not protons, more preferably sodium cations, over protons.
  • “Favour the diffusion of certain ions X over the diffusion of other ions Y” means in particular that the diffusion coefficient (unit m 2 /s) of the ion type X at a given temperature for the membrane in question is higher by a factor of 10, preferably 100, preferably 1000 as the diffusion coefficient of the ionic species Y for the membrane in question.
  • the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> is a "membrane that is permeable to specific ions"
  • it is preferably an anion-conducting membrane, because this is particularly good at preventing the diffusion of protons from the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> into the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103>.
  • a membrane which is selective for the anions comprised by the salt S is used as the anion-conducting membrane.
  • Such membranes are known to those skilled in the art and can be used by them.
  • the salt S is preferably a halide, sulfate, sulfite, nitrate, bicarbonate or carbonate of X, more preferably a halide.
  • Halides are fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides. The most preferred halide is chloride.
  • a membrane selective for halides is preferably used as the anion-conducting membrane.
  • Anion-conducting membranes are, for example, from MA Hickner, AM Herring, EB Coughlin, Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics 2013, 51, 1727-1735 , from Arges CG, Ramani V, Pintauro PN, Electrochemical Society Interface 2010, 19, 31-35 , in WO 2007/048712 A2 as well as on page 181 of the textbook by Volkmar M. Schmidt Electrochemical Process Engineering: Fundamentals, Reaction Engineering, Process Optimization, 1st edition (October 8, 2003 ) described.
  • they have covalently bonded functional groups selected from -NH 3 + , -NRH 2 + , -NR 3 + , more preferably selected from -NH 3 + , -NR 3 + , even more preferably -NR 3 + .
  • the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> is a cation-conducting membrane, it is in particular a membrane that is selective for the cations comprised by the salt S. Even more preferably, the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> is an alkali cation-conducting membrane, even more preferably a potassium and/or sodium ion-conducting membrane, most preferably a sodium ion-conducting membrane.
  • Cation-conducting membranes are described, for example, on page 181 of the textbook by Volkmar M. Schmidt Electrochemical Process Engineering: Fundamentals, Reaction Engineering, Process Optimization, 1st edition (October 8, 2003 ).
  • organic polymers which are selected in particular from polyethylene, polybenzimidazoles, polyetherketones, polystyrene, polypropylene or fluorinated membranes such as polyperfluoroethylene, preferably polystyrene, polyperfluoroethylene, are even more preferably used as the cation-conducting membrane, with these covalently bonded functional groups selected from -SO 3 - , -COO-, -PO3 2- , -PO2 H- ; preferably -SO 3 - , (described in DE 10 2010 062 804 A1 , U.S. 4,831,146 ) carry.
  • Neosepta ® membranes are described, for example, by SA Mareev, D.Yu. Butylskii, ND Pismenskaya, C Larchet, L Dammak, VV Nikonenko, Journal of Membrane Science 2018, 563, 768-776 .
  • a cation-conducting membrane is used as the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110>, this can be, for example, a polymer functionalized with sulfonic acid groups, in particular of the following formula P NAFION , where n and m are independently an integer from 1 to 10 6 , more preferably an integer from 10 to 10 5 , more preferably an integer from 10 2 to 10 4 .
  • any solid electrolyte which can transport cations, in particular alkali cations, more preferably sodium cations, from the central chamber K M ⁇ 103> into the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102> can be used as the alkali cation-conducting solid electrolyte F K ⁇ 111>.
  • Such solid electrolytes are known to those skilled in the art and, for example, in DE 10 2015 013 155 A1 , in the WO 2012/048032 A2 , paragraphs [0035], [0039], [0040], in the US 2010/0044242 A1 , paragraphs [0040], [0041], in which DE 10360758 A1 , paragraphs [014] to [025].
  • NaSICON LiSICON
  • KSICON KSICON
  • a sodium ion conductive solid electrolyte F K ⁇ 111> is preferred, which more preferably has a NaSICON structure.
  • NaSICON structures that can be used according to the invention are also described, for example, by Anantharamulu N, Koteswara Rao K, Rambabu G, Vijaya Kumar B, Velchuri Radha, Vithal M, J Mater Sci 2011, 46, 2821-2837 .
  • the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102> also comprises an inlet Z KK ⁇ 107> and an outlet A KK ⁇ 109>, which allows liquid, such as the solution L 2 ⁇ 113>, to flow into the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102>. to add and liquid contained therein, such as the solution L 1 ⁇ 115> to remove.
  • the inlet Z KK ⁇ 107> and the outlet A KK ⁇ 109> are attached to the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102> in such a way that the liquid contacts the cathodic electrode E K ⁇ 105> as it flows through the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102>.
  • the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> also includes an outlet A KA ⁇ 106>, which makes it possible to remove liquid located in the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101>, for example the aqueous solution L 4 ⁇ 116>.
  • the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> includes an inlet Z KM ⁇ 108>, while K A ⁇ 101> and K M ⁇ 103> are connected to one another by a connection V AM ⁇ 112>, through which liquid from K M ⁇ 103> can be directed into K A ⁇ 101 >.
  • a solution L 3 ⁇ 114> can be added to K M ⁇ 103> via the inlet Z KM ⁇ 108> and this can be conducted through K M ⁇ 103>, then via V AM ⁇ 112> into the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> , and finally through the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101 >.
  • V AM ⁇ 112> and the drain A KA ⁇ 106> are attached to the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> in such a way that the solution L 3 ⁇ 114> when flowing through the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> the anodic electrode E A ⁇ 104 > contacted.
  • the inflows Z KK ⁇ 107>, Z KM ⁇ 108>, Z KA ⁇ 119> and outflows A KK ⁇ 109>, A KA ⁇ 106>, A KM ⁇ 118> can be processed according to methods known to those skilled in the art on the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100 > be attached.
  • connection V AM ⁇ 112> can be formed within the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> and/or outside of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>.
  • connection V AM ⁇ 112> is formed within the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, it is preferably formed by at least one perforation in the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110>.
  • connection V AM ⁇ 112> is formed outside of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, it is preferably formed by a connection of K M ⁇ 103> and K A ⁇ 101> running outside of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, in particular by the fact that in the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> an outlet A KM ⁇ 118> through the outer wall W A ⁇ 117>, preferably at the bottom of the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103>, with the inlet Z KM ⁇ 108> even more preferably at the top of the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> is formed, and in the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> an inlet Z KA ⁇ 119> through the outer wall W A ⁇ 117>, preferably at the bottom of the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101>, and these are connected by a line, for example a pipe or a hose, which preferably comprises a material selected from rubber, plastic.
  • the outlet A KA ⁇ 106> is then even more preferably at the top of the anode chamber K A
  • Outflow A KM ⁇ 118> at the bottom of the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> means that the outflow A KM ⁇ 118> is attached to the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> in such a way that the solution L 3 ⁇ 114> fills the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> leaves in the same direction as gravity.
  • Inlet Z KA ⁇ 119> at the bottom of the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> means that the inlet Z KA ⁇ 119> is attached to the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> in such a way that the solution L 3 ⁇ 114> flows into the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101 > occurs against gravity.
  • Inlet Z KM ⁇ 108> at the top of the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> means that the inlet Z KM ⁇ 108> is attached to the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> in such a way that the solution L 3 ⁇ 114> enters the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> in the same direction as gravity.
  • Drain A KA ⁇ 106> at the top of the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> means that the drain A KA ⁇ 106> is attached to the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> in such a way that the solution L 4 ⁇ 116> fills the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> leaves against gravity.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous and therefore preferred if the outlet A KM ⁇ 118> through the outer wall WA ⁇ 117> at the bottom of the middle chamber KM ⁇ 103>, and the inlet Z KA ⁇ 119> through the outer wall WA ⁇ 117> at the bottom of the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101>.
  • This arrangement makes it particularly easy to discharge gases with L 4 ⁇ 116> formed in the anode chamber K A from the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> in order to then separate them further.
  • connection V AM ⁇ 112> is formed outside the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>
  • Z KM ⁇ 108> and A KM ⁇ 118> are arranged on opposite sides of the outer wall W A ⁇ 117> of the central chamber K M ⁇ 103> ( eg Z KM ⁇ 108> at the bottom and A KM ⁇ 118> at the top of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> or vice versa) and Z KA ⁇ 119> and A KA ⁇ 106> on opposite sides of the outer wall W A ⁇ 117> of the Anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> arranged (i.e.
  • L 3 ⁇ 114> must flow through the two chambers KM ⁇ 103> and KA ⁇ 101> through this geometry.
  • Z KA ⁇ 119> and Z KM ⁇ 108> can be formed on the same side of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, with A KM ⁇ 118> and A KA ⁇ 106> then automatically also being formed on the same side of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> are.
  • Z KA ⁇ 119> and Z KM ⁇ 108> may be formed on opposite sides of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, then A KM ⁇ 118> and A KA ⁇ 106> are automatically also formed on opposite sides of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>.
  • connection V AM ⁇ 112> is formed inside the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>
  • this can be ensured by one side ("side A") of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, which is the top or the bottom of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, preferably as in Figure 2 shown is the top, comprises the inlet Z KM ⁇ 108> and the outlet A KA ⁇ 106> and the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> extends from this side ("side A") into the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, but does not quite reach the opposite side of side A ("side B") of electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, which is then the bottom or top of electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>, being 50% or more the height of the three-chamber cell E ⁇ 100>, more preferably 60% to 99% of the height of the three-chamber cell E ⁇ 100>, even more preferably 70% to 95% of the height of the three-chamber cell E ⁇ 100>, even more preferably 80% to 90% of the height of the three-chamber cell E
  • Bottom of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> is, according to the invention, the side of the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> through which a solution (e.g. L 3 ⁇ 114> at A KM ⁇ 118> in illustration 1 ) exits the electrolytic cell E in the same direction as gravity or the side of the electrolytic cell E through which a solution (e.g. L 2 ⁇ 113> at Z KK ⁇ 107> in Figures 1 and 2 and L 3 ⁇ 114> at A KA ⁇ 119> in illustration 1 ) of the electrolytic cell E is fed against gravity.
  • a solution e.g. L 3 ⁇ 114> at A KM ⁇ 118> in illustration 1
  • top side of the electrolytic cell E is the side of the electrolytic cell E through which a solution (eg L 4 ⁇ 116> at A KA ⁇ 106> and L 1 ⁇ 115> at A KK ⁇ 109> in Figures 1 and 2) is opposed exits the electrolytic cell E under gravity or the side of the electrolytic cell E through which a solution (e.g. L 3 ⁇ 114> at Z KM ⁇ 108> in Figures 1 and 2) is fed to the electrolytic cell E in the same direction as gravity.
  • a solution e.g L 4 ⁇ 116> at A KA ⁇ 106> and L 1 ⁇ 115> at A KK ⁇ 109> in Figures 1 and 2
  • the middle chamber K M comprises a mechanical stirring device.
  • the mechanical stirring device is in the solid state of aggregation. Any stirring device known to those skilled in the art that is sufficiently inert to the electrolysis conditions is suitable as such a mechanical stirring device.
  • the mechanical stirring device comprises at least one material selected from rubber; Plastic chosen in particular from polystyrene, polypropylene, PVC, PVC-C; Glass; Porcelain; Metal.
  • the metal is in particular a metal or an alloy of several metals selected from titanium, iron, molybdenum, chromium, nickel, platinum, gold, silver, preferably an alloy comprising at least two metals selected from titanium, iron, molybdenum and chromium , nickel, platinum, gold, silver, more preferably a steel alloy comprising, in addition to iron, at least one other metal selected from titanium, molybdenum, chromium, nickel, platinum, gold, silver, and most preferably it is stainless steel.
  • the mechanical stirring device comprises magnetic material so that it can be operated with a magnetic stirrer.
  • the mechanical stirring device is selected in particular from a propeller stirrer, inclined blade stirrer, disc stirrer, swashplate stirrer, hollow blade stirrer, impeller stirrer, cross bar stirrer, anchor stirrer, blade stirrer, grid stirrer, helical stirrer, toothed disc stirrer, residue stirrer, preferably a propeller stirrer.
  • the mechanical stirring device is typically powered by a motor, which is preferably an electric motor external to the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>.
  • a motor which is preferably an electric motor external to the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100>.
  • this can be a motor ⁇ 122>, which is connected to the propeller stirrer ⁇ 121> via a transmission element ⁇ 124>, with the transmission element ⁇ 124> passing through an opening ⁇ 125> in the outer wall of the central chamber K M ⁇ 103> in the electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> reaches in, as in illustration 1 illustrated.
  • the propeller stirrer can also be magnetic, so that it is a magnetic stirrer bar ⁇ 123-1> (another word "magnetic stirrer bar”), which is operated by a magnetic stirrer drive ⁇ 123-2> located outside the central chamber K M ⁇ 103>, like it in Figure 2 is illustrated.
  • the mechanical stirring device can hang loosely in the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103>, as in illustration 1 shown.
  • the mechanical stirring device can also be attached, for example to the solid electrolyte F K ⁇ 111>, to the diffusion barrier D ⁇ 110> or to the outer wall ⁇ 117> delimiting the inside of the central chamber K M ⁇ 103>.
  • the attachment can be done by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example by screwing, clamping, gluing (plastic adhesive, PVC adhesive).
  • the mechanical stirring device comprises a propeller which is aligned parallel to the alkali cation-conducting solid electrolyte F K ⁇ 111>.
  • the mechanical stirring device makes a proportion ⁇ of 1 to 99%, more preferably 2 to 50%, even more preferably 3 to 40%, even more preferably 4 to 30% preferably 5 to 20%, most preferably 6 to 10% of the volume comprised by the central chamber K M .
  • V o is the maximum volume of liquid, eg the electrolyte L 3 ⁇ 114>, which the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> can hold if it does not comprise a mechanical stirring device.
  • V M is the maximum volume of liquid, eg the electrolyte L 3 ⁇ 114>, which the central chamber K M ⁇ 103> can hold if it comprises the mechanical stirring device.
  • the mechanical stirring device is placed in the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> in such a way that it allows the flow of the electrolyte L 3 ⁇ 114> through the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> and the anode chamber K A ⁇ 101> in allows sufficient extent or not completely blocked.
  • the mechanical stirring device interrupts the direct path in the central chamber K M between inlet Z KM ⁇ 108> and connection V AM ⁇ 112>.
  • the thread is selected in particular from sewing thread (e.g. from the Heilrmann company), fishing line, twine.
  • a fishing line with a diameter of 0.2 mm such as that sold by the companies Hemingway or Nexos, is most preferably used for the thread test.
  • the method according to the second aspect of the invention is one for preparing a solution L 1 ⁇ 115> of an alkali metal alkoxide XOR in the alcohol ROH in an electrolytic cell E ⁇ 100> according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the method according to the second aspect of the invention comprises the following steps (a), (b) and (c) occurring simultaneously.
  • step (a) a solution L 2 ⁇ 113> comprising the alcohol ROH, preferably comprising an alkali metal alkoxide XOR and alcohol ROH, is passed through K K ⁇ 102>.
  • X is an alkali metal cation and R is an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • R is preferably selected from the group consisting of n -propyl, iso -propyl, ethyl, methyl, more preferably selected from the group consisting of ethyl, methyl. Most preferably R is methyl.
  • the solution L 2 ⁇ 113> is preferably free of water.
  • "free of water” means that the weight of the water in the solution L 2 ⁇ 113>, based on the weight of the alcohol ROH in the solution L 2 ⁇ 113> (mass ratio) ⁇ 1:10, more preferably ⁇ 1:20, more preferably ⁇ 1:100, even more preferably ⁇ 0.5:100.
  • the mass fraction of XOR in the solution L 2 ⁇ 113> is in particular >0 to 30% by weight, preferably 5 to 20% by weight, more preferably at 10 to 20% by weight, even more preferably at 10 to 15% by weight, most preferably at 13 to 14% by weight, most preferably at 13% by weight.
  • the solution L 2 ⁇ 113> comprises XOR
  • the mass ratio of XOR to alcohol ROH is still in the range from 1:100 to 1:5, more preferably in the range from 1:25 to 3:20 more preferably in the range 1:12 to 1:8, even more preferably at 1:10.
  • step (b) a neutral or alkaline aqueous solution L 3 ⁇ 114> of a salt S comprising X as a cation is passed through K M ⁇ 103>, then over V AM ⁇ 112>, then through K A ⁇ 101> while the mechanical stirring device stirs the solution L 3 ⁇ 114> in K M ⁇ 103>.
  • the salt S is preferably a halide, sulfate, sulfite, nitrate, bicarbonate or carbonate of X, more preferably a halide.
  • Halides are fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides. The most preferred halide is chloride.
  • the pH of the aqueous solution L 3 ⁇ 114> is ⁇ 7.0, preferably in the range from 7 to 12, more preferably in the range from 8 to 11, even more preferably from 10 to 11, most preferably at 10.5.
  • the mass fraction of the salt S in the solution L 3 ⁇ 113> is preferably in the range >0 to 20% by weight, preferably 1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 5 to 20% by weight, even more preferably 10 to 20% by weight, most preferably at 20% by weight, based on the total solution L 3 ⁇ 113>.
  • step (c) a voltage is then applied between E A ⁇ 104> and E K ⁇ 105>.
  • the charge source is known to those skilled in the art and is typically a rectifier that converts alternating current into direct current and can generate certain voltages via voltage converters.
  • the area of the solid electrolyte that contacts the anolyte located in the middle chamber K M ⁇ 103> is in particular 0.00001 to 10 m 2 , preferably 0.0001 to 2.5 m 2 , more preferably 0.0002 to 0.15 m 2 , even more preferably 2.83 cm 2 .
  • step (c) of the method according to the second aspect of the invention is carried out when both chambers K M ⁇ 103> and K A ⁇ 101> are at least partially loaded with L 3 ⁇ 114> and K K ⁇ 102> is at least partially loaded with L 2 ⁇ 113>.
  • step (c) charge transport takes place between E A ⁇ 104> and E K ⁇ 105> implies that K K ⁇ 102>, K M ⁇ 103> and K A ⁇ 101 > simultaneously with L 2 ⁇ 113> or L 3 ⁇ 114> are loaded in such a way that they cover the electrodes EA ⁇ 104> and EK ⁇ 105> to such an extent that the current circuit is closed.
  • This desired effect can be enhanced in the method according to the second aspect of the invention by varying the agitation speed of the mechanical agitation device during the implementation of step (b), whereby further turbulence can be generated which disrupts the formation of a pH gradient.
  • step (a) and step (b) are carried out continuously and voltage is applied in accordance with step (c).
  • solution L 1 ⁇ 115> is obtained at outlet A KK ⁇ 109>, the concentration of XOR in L 1 ⁇ 115> being higher than in L 2 ⁇ 113>.
  • the concentration of XOR in L 1 ⁇ 115> is preferably 1.01 to 2.2 fold, more preferably 1.04 to 1.8 fold, still more preferably 1.077 to 1.4 fold more preferably 1077 to 1.08 times higher than in L 2 ⁇ 113>, most preferably 1077 times higher than in L 2 ⁇ 113>, more preferably the mass fraction of XOR in L 1 ⁇ 115> and in L 2 ⁇ 113> is in the range of 10 to 20% by weight, more preferably 13 to 14% by weight.
  • the concentration of the cation X in the aqueous solution L 3 ⁇ 114> is preferably in the range of 3.5 to 5 mol/l, more preferably 4 mol/l.
  • the concentration of the cation X in the aqueous solution L 4 ⁇ 116> is more preferably 0.5 mol/l lower than that of the aqueous solution L 3 ⁇ 114> used in each case.
  • the method according to the second aspect of the invention is carried out at a temperature of 20°C to 70°C, preferably 35°C to 65°C, more preferably 35°C to 60°C, even more preferably 35°C to 50°C and a pressure of 0.5 bar to 1.5 bar, preferably 0.9 bar to 1.1 bar, more preferably 1.0 bar.
  • hydrogen is typically produced in the cathode chamber K K ⁇ 102>, which hydrogen can be discharged from the cell together with the solution L 1 ⁇ 115> via the outlet A KK ⁇ 109>.
  • the mixture of hydrogen and solution L 1 ⁇ 115> can then be separated by methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • the alkali metal compound used is a halide, in particular chloride, chlorine or another halogen gas can be produced, which can escape from the cell via the outlet A KK ⁇ 106> together with the solution L 4 ⁇ 116> can be discharged.
  • oxygen and/or carbon dioxide can also be formed, which can also be removed.
  • oxygen and/or COz and solution L 4 ⁇ 116> can then be separated by methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • gases chlorine, oxygen and/or CO2 have been separated from the solution L 4 ⁇ 116>, these can be separated from one another by methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • the method according to the invention protects the acid-labile solid electrolyte from corrosion without having to sacrifice alcoholate solution from the cathode compartment as a buffer solution, as is the case in the prior art.
  • the method according to the invention is thus more efficient than in WO 2008/076327 A1 described procedure in which the product solution is used for the middle chamber, which reduces the overall turnover.
  • the acid-labile solid electrolyte is stabilized by preventing the formation of a pH gradient due to the mechanical stirring device.
  • NM Sodium methylate
  • the electrolytic cell consisted of three chambers, which illustration 1 shown, except that the electrolytic cell did not have a mechanical agitation device in the central chamber, ie not the in illustration 1 shown propeller stirrer ⁇ 121> (and thus also not the motor ⁇ 122> and the transmission element ⁇ 124>).
  • the connection between the middle and anode chamber was made by a hose that was attached to the bottom of the electrolytic cell.
  • the anode compartment and middle compartment were separated by a 2.83 cm 2 anion exchange membrane (Tokuyama AMX, ammonium groups on polymer).
  • the cathode and middle chamber were separated by a ceramic of the NaSICON type with an area of 2.83 cm 2 .
  • the ceramic had a chemical composition of the formula Na 3.4 Zr 2.0 Si 2.4 P 0.6 O 12 .
  • the anolyte was transferred to the anode compartment through the middle compartment.
  • the flow rate of the anolyte was 1 l/h, that of the catholyte was 90 ml/h and a current of 0.14 A was applied.
  • the temperature was 35°C.
  • the electrolysis was carried out for 500 hours with the voltage remaining constant at 5V.
  • Comparative example 1 was repeated with a two-chamber cell comprising only an anode and a cathode chamber, the anode chamber being separated from the cathode chamber by the ceramic of the NaSICON type.
  • this electrolytic cell did not contain a center chamber. This is reflected in an even more rapid corrosion of the ceramic compared to comparative example 1, which leads to a rapid rise in the stress curve. With an initial value of the voltage of ⁇ 5 V, this increases to > 20 V within 100 hours.
  • Comparative example 1 is repeated, with the central chamber comprising a propeller stirrer ⁇ 121> which is aligned parallel to the NASICON solid electrolyte.
  • the central chamber comprising a propeller stirrer ⁇ 121> which is aligned parallel to the NASICON solid electrolyte.
  • Comparative example 1 is repeated with the central chamber K M ⁇ 103> comprising a cross-shaped magnetic stir bar ⁇ 123-1> operated by a magnetic stirrer drive ⁇ 123-2>.
  • This arrangement also disrupts the uniform flow of electrolyte through the center chamber and creates turbulence. This makes it difficult for a pH gradient to build up during electrolysis.

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Claims (15)

  1. Cellule d'électrolyse E <100>, qui comprend au moins une chambre anodique KA <101>, au moins une chambre cathodique KK <102> et au moins une chambre centrale KM <103> disposée entre elles,
    dans laquelle KA <101> comprend une électrode anodique EA <104> et une sortie AKA <106>,
    dans laquelle KK <102> comprend une électrode cathodique EK <105>, une entrée ZKK <107> et une sortie AKK <109>,
    dans laquelle KM <103> comprend une entrée ZKM <108>, est séparée de KA <101> par une barrière de diffusion D <110> et est séparée de la KK <102> par un électrolyte solide FK <111> conducteur de cations alcalins,
    dans laquelle KM <103> et KA <101> sont reliées l'une à l'autre par un raccord VAM <112>, par lequel peut passer un liquide de KM <103> à KA <101>,
    caractérisée en ce que la chambre centrale KM <103> comprend un dispositif d'agitation mécanique.
  2. Cellule d'électrolyse E <100> selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'électrolyte solide FK <111> conducteur d'ions alcalins présente une structure de formule MI 1+2w+x-y+z MII W MIII x ZrIV 2-w-x-y MV y (SiO4)z (PO4)3-z, dans laquelle
    MI est choisi parmi Na+, Li+,
    MII est un cation métallique divalent,
    MIII est un cation métallique trivalent,
    MV est un cation métallique pentavalent,
    les indices en chiffres romains I, II, III, IV, V indiquant les nombres d'oxydation des cations métalliques correspondants,
    et w, x, y, z sont des nombres réels, avec 0 ≤ x < 2, 0 ≤ y < 2, 0 ≤ w < 2, 0 ≤ z < 3,
    et w, x, y, z sont choisis de façon que 1 + 2w + x - y + z ≥ 0 et 2 - w - x - y ≥ 0.
  3. Cellule d'électrolyse E <100> selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle le dispositif d'agitation mécanique comprend une hélice, qui est orientée parallèlement à l'électrolyte solide FK <111> conducteur de cations alcalins.
  4. Cellule d'électrolyse E <100> selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle le raccord VAM <112> est disposé à l'intérieur de la cellule d'électrolyse E <100>.
  5. Cellule d'électrolyse E <100> selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle le dispositif d'agitation mécanique représente une proportion ζ de 1 à 99 % du volume de la chambre centrale KM,
    avec ζ = V 0 − V M / V 0 * 100 ,
    Figure imgb0004
    et V0 étant le volume maximal de liquide que peut recevoir la chambre centrale KM <103> quand elle ne comprend pas de dispositif d'agitation mécanique <120>,
    et VM étant le volume maximal de liquide que peut contenir la chambre centrale KM <103> quand elle comprend le dispositif d'agitation mécanique <120>.
  6. Cellule d'électrolyse E <100> selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle le dispositif d'agitation mécanique interrompt la trajectoire directe dans la chambre centrale KM entre l'entrée ZKM <108> et le raccord VAM <112>, selon le test du fil indiqué dans la description.
  7. Procédé de fabrication d'une solution L1 <115> d'un alcoolate de métal alcalin XOR dans l'alcool ROH dans une cellule d'électrolyse E <100> selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    le procédé comprenant les étapes simultanées (a), (b) et (c) ci-après :
    (a) une solution L2 <113> comprenant l'alcool ROH est envoyée à travers KK <102>,
    (b) une solution aqueuse neutre ou alcaline L3 <114> d'un sel S comprenant X en tant que cation est envoyée à travers KM <103> puis par VAM <112>, puis à travers KA <101>, pendant que le dispositif d'agitation mécanique agite la solution L3 <114> dans KM <103>,
    (c) on applique une tension entre EA <104> et EK <105>, ce en conséquence de quoi on obtient en sortie AKK <109> une solution L1 <115>, la concentration de XOR dans L1 <115> étant supérieure à celle dans L2 <113>, et
    et ce en conséquence de quoi on obtient en sortie AKA <106> une solution aqueuse L4 <116> de S, la concentration de S dans L4 <116> étant inférieure à celle dans L3 <114>,
    X représentant un cation d'un métal alcalin et R un radical alkyle ayant 1 à 4 atomes de carbone.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel X est choisi dans le groupe consistant en Li+, Na+, K+.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans lequel S représente un halogénure, un sulfate, un sulfite, un nitrate, un hydrogénocarbonate ou un carbonate de X.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, dans lequel R est choisi dans le groupe consistant en un méthyle, un éthyle.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 à 10, dans lequel L2 <113> comprend l'alcool ROH et un alcoolate de métal alcalin XOR.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, dans lequel le rapport en masse de XOR à l'alcool ROH dans L2 <113> est compris dans la plage de 1:100 à 1:5.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans lequel la concentration de XOR dans L1 <115> est de 1,01 à 2,2 fois plus élevée que dans L2 <113>.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 à 13, qui est mis en œuvre à une température de 20 à 70 °C et sous une pression de 0,5 à 1,5 bar.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 à 14, dans lequel la vitesse d'agitation du dispositif d'agitation mécanique varie pendant la mise en œuvre de l'étape (b).
EP21182468.5A 2021-06-29 2021-06-29 Cellule d'électrolyse à trois chambre destinée à la production d'alcoolates alcalimétaux Active EP4112779B1 (fr)

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EP21182468.5A EP4112779B1 (fr) 2021-06-29 2021-06-29 Cellule d'électrolyse à trois chambre destinée à la production d'alcoolates alcalimétaux
HUE21182468A HUE064033T2 (hu) 2021-06-29 2021-06-29 Háromkamrás elektrolízis cella alkálifémalkoholátok elõállítására
DK21182468.5T DK4112779T3 (da) 2021-06-29 2021-06-29 Trekammerelektrolysecelle til fremstilling af alkalimetalalkoholater
JP2023577605A JP2024523350A (ja) 2021-06-29 2022-06-22 アルカリ金属アルコキシド生成用の三室電解槽
CN202280046251.6A CN117597470A (zh) 2021-06-29 2022-06-22 用于生产碱金属醇盐的三室电解池
KR1020237045182A KR20240023532A (ko) 2021-06-29 2022-06-22 알칼리 금속 알콕사이드의 제조를 위한 3-챔버 전해 셀
US18/573,924 US20240295034A1 (en) 2021-06-29 2022-06-22 Three-chamber electrolytic cell for the production of alkali metal alkoxides
PCT/EP2022/066937 WO2023274794A1 (fr) 2021-06-29 2022-06-22 Cellule d'électrolyse à trois chambres pour la production d'alcoolates de métaux alcalins

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WO2024156568A1 (fr) 2023-01-23 2024-08-02 Evonik Operations Gmbh Procédé de dépolymérisation de poly(téréphtalates d'alkylène) dans une extrudeuse
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EP4112779A1 (fr) 2023-01-04
DK4112779T3 (da) 2023-11-06
US20240295034A1 (en) 2024-09-05
CN117597470A (zh) 2024-02-23
HUE064033T2 (hu) 2024-02-28
JP2024523350A (ja) 2024-06-28
KR20240023532A (ko) 2024-02-22
WO2023274794A1 (fr) 2023-01-05

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