EP4058719A1 - Procédé de préparation d'un réservoir d'hydrogène comprenant une couche d'étanchéité et une embase - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation d'un réservoir d'hydrogène comprenant une couche d'étanchéité et une embaseInfo
- Publication number
- EP4058719A1 EP4058719A1 EP20861950.2A EP20861950A EP4058719A1 EP 4058719 A1 EP4058719 A1 EP 4058719A1 EP 20861950 A EP20861950 A EP 20861950A EP 4058719 A1 EP4058719 A1 EP 4058719A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polyamide
- base
- epoxy
- layer
- sealing layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/005—Storage of gas or gaseous mixture at high pressure and at high density condition, e.g. in the single state phase
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/06—Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0604—Liners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/066—Plastics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
- F17C2203/0673—Polymers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0675—Synthetics with details of composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0305—Bosses, e.g. boss collars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/2109—Moulding
- F17C2209/2118—Moulding by injection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/2109—Moulding
- F17C2209/2127—Moulding by blowing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/2109—Moulding
- F17C2209/2145—Moulding by rotation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
- F17C2209/227—Assembling processes by adhesive means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
- F17C2209/234—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of closing end pieces, e.g. caps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
- F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
- F17C2260/036—Avoiding leaks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of preparing a hydrogen tank comprising a sealing layer and a base.
- Hydrogen tanks represent a subject that is currently attracting a lot of interest from many manufacturers, especially in the automotive field.
- One of the goals is to offer vehicles that pollute less and less.
- electric or hybrid vehicles comprising a battery aim to gradually replace thermal vehicles, such as gasoline or diesel vehicles.
- thermal vehicles such as gasoline or diesel vehicles.
- the battery is a relatively complex component of the vehicle.
- the electric vehicle still suffers today from several problems, namely the battery life, the use in these rare earth batteries, the resources of which are not inexhaustible, much longer recharging times. that the tank filling times, as well as a problem of electricity production in the different countries to be able to recharge the batteries.
- Hydrogen therefore represents an alternative to the electric battery since hydrogen can be transformed into electricity by means of a fuel cell and thus power electric vehicles.
- Hydrogen tanks generally consist of a metal casing (liner or sealing layer) which must prevent the permeation of hydrogen.
- a metal casing liner or sealing layer
- Type IV is based on a thermoplastic liner around which a composite is wound.
- the permeability of the liner is a key factor in limiting hydrogen losses from the reservoir. Another area has an important role in this permeability / leakage, it is the connection between the liner and the metal outlet (or base or boss) of the tank.
- the first generation of type IV tanks uses a liner based on high density polyethylene (HDPE).
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- liners based on polyamide PA6 have been developed.
- the plastic liner with a circular protuberance located in the axial direction of the base and extending inside the base to the proximity of a internal thread for screwing on the valve.
- the valve is fitted with circumferential grooves housing an O-ring seal ring.
- Application EP0300931 describes reservoirs for any fluid comprising an internal envelope of thermoplastic material intended to provide the seal and an external envelope produced by filament winding intended to provide mechanical strength with interposition between the two envelopes of a cup. [0012] Nevertheless, there are risks of permeability and of leakage along the O-ring which increase with time.
- Application US2019 / 0170300 describes a tank comprising a non-metallic liner, in particular made of polyamide, a reinforcing layer made of a composite material surrounding the liner, and a metal base coupled to the liner and the reinforcing layer, the base being connected to the liner by means of a co-molded metal-polymer annular connection zone without the presence of an elastomeric seal.
- One of the aims of the invention is to provide a preparation process making it possible to increase the adhesion between the liner and the boss and thus limit the losses or leaks of gas at the connection between the liner and the liner. 'base or boss.
- the present invention therefore relates to a method for preparing a hydrogen reservoir (1) comprising at least one sealing layer (2) consisting of a composition comprising at least one polyamide P1, and at least one base (3) for providing at least one opening (5) to said reservoir (1), characterized in that said method comprises:
- At least one base (3) said at least one base (3) being covered by at least one layer (a) consisting of a composition comprising at least one adhesion primer,
- the inventors have unexpectedly found that the covering of the base with at least one layer (a) consisting of a composition comprising at least one adhesion primer, made it possible to secure and therefore increase the adhesion of the sealing layer (2) to the base (3), with the consequence of a better seal between said sealing layer (2 ) and the base (3) and the reduction of permeability and leakage at the connection (6) (or junction (6)) between said sealing layer (2) and the base (3).
- Layer (a) consists of a composition comprising at least one adhesion primer.
- adheresion primer means a compound which when applied to a support or substrate to be protected, in this case the base (3), and intended to receive a second support, in the 'occurrence the waterproofing layer (2), makes it possible to strengthen the bond between the two supports and therefore the creation of a chemical and / or physical bond between the two supports resulting in a strong adhesion between said substrate and said layer of sealing (2) and thus making it possible to secure and therefore increase the adhesion of the sealing layer (2) to the base, resulting in better sealing between said sealing layer (2) and said base ( 3).
- said adhesion primer is in liquid or solid form, in particular in powder form, advantageously it is in liquid form.
- the powder particles of said adhesion primer When it is in powder form, the powder particles of said adhesion primer have a volume diameter of the powder particles is included in the ratio D90 / D10, that is to say from 1.5 to 50, advantageously from 2 to 10.
- the volume diameters of the particles are defined according to the ISO 9276: 2014 standard.
- the “D50” corresponds to the mean diameter by volume, that is to say the value of the particle size which divides the population of particles examined exactly in two.
- the “D90” corresponds to the value at 90% of the cumulative curve of the particle size distribution by volume.
- the "D10" corresponds to the corresponds to the size of 10% of the volume of the particles.
- said adhesion primer is chosen from an epoxide, a combination of epoxide, an ethyl silicate, a polyurethane, aromatic or aliphatic, a P2 polyamide and a mixture thereof.
- said adhesion primer is chosen from aromatic or aliphatic polyurethane, an epoxy, a mixture of aromatic or aliphatic polyurethane, and epoxy, and a mixture of a P2 polyamide and epoxy .
- said adhesion primer is chosen from a polyurethane, aromatic or aliphatic, an epoxide, a mixture of aromatic or aliphatic polyurethane and epoxy.
- the mixture When the P2 polyamide is mixed with an epoxy, the mixture then consists of epoxy particles dispersed in a P2 polyamide powder.
- the epoxy particles in the epoxy-polyamide powder are present from 2 to 10% by weight.
- the particles of epoxy and of polyamide powder P2 can have different mean diameter D50 but advantageously the mixture of these two products has an average diameter D50 by volume of from 3 to 300 miti, in particular from 10 to 200 miti, more particularly from 15 to 150pm.
- the thickness of said adhesion primer covering the base (3) is from 1 pm to 200 pm.
- the thickness is then from 1 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, advantageously from 2 to 20 ⁇ m
- the thickness is then from 1 pm to 30 pm, advantageously from 2 to 20 pm.
- the thickness is then from 10 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, preferably from 20 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the liquid primer can be applied either by soaking in a primer bath, or by spraying, or even by brush.
- the powder primer is applied only by spraying and in the case where the primer is a mixture of polyamide P2 and epoxy or of polyamide P2 and polyurethane, then the electrostatic powder coating process is preferred.
- the layer (a) consists of a composition comprising a single adhesion primer.
- said adhesion primer is chosen from an epoxy and a polyurethane, aromatic or aliphatic, in particular an epoxide.
- said at least one adhesion primer is an epoxy or a mixture of polyester and epoxy, in particular an epoxy, and the thickness of the layer (a) is from 1 to 20 ⁇ m.
- said at least one base (3) is metallic and covered by at least one layer (a) consisting of a composition comprising at least one adhesion primer consisting of an epoxy.
- the layer (a) consists of a composition consisting of a single adhesion primer.
- said adhesion primer is chosen from an epoxy and a polyurethane, in particular an epoxy.
- the layer (a) consists of a composition comprising an adhesion primer consisting of a mixture of polyamide P2 and epoxy or polyamide P2 and polyurethane, in particular a mixture of polyamide P2 and epoxy.
- the layer (a) consists of a composition consisting of an adhesion primer consisting of a mixture of polyamide P2 and epoxy or polyamide P2 and polyurethane, in particular a mixture of polyamide P2 and epoxy.
- said at least one metal base (3) covered by at least one layer (a) consisting of a composition comprising at least one adhesion primer consisting of an epoxy is then covered with a layer (b) consisting of a composition comprising at least one polyamide P2 in powder form.
- the layer consisting of a composition comprising at least one polyamide P2 has a thickness of from 50 ⁇ m to 1500 ⁇ m.
- Said composition of layer (a) can also comprise impact modifiers and / or additives.
- the additives can be chosen from an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a UV absorber, a light stabilizer, a lubricant, an inorganic filler, a flame retardant, a nucleating agent, a plasticizer and a colorant. .
- said composition of layer (a) consists of said polyamide P3j predominantly, from 0 to 5% by weight of impact modifier, from 0 to 5% by weight of additives, the sum of the constituents of the composition being equal to 100%.
- it is metallic, in particular, without being limited to these, steel, in particular stainless steel, cast iron and aluminum.
- the at least one layer (a) consisting of a composition comprising at least one adhesion primer.
- Degreasing is an essential step intended to eliminate fatty substances which accumulate on the surface of the metal part during its manufacture. It involves the use of alkaline, neutral or acidic products (depending on the nature of the grease to be eliminated and the nature of the metal). These products can be applied by spraying or by immersion. More conventional solutions based on solvents (trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene) can also be used.
- high temperature pyrolysis can be used when the structure of the metal allows.
- the stripping / shot blasting follows the degreasing step and aims to remove all foreign bodies (carbon particles or metal oxides) present on the surface of the part. Once the surface is free of all traces of oil or grease, the following process can be applied:
- Mechanical stripping involves the projection of an abrasive medium on the surface of the part.
- Angular cast iron grit type G17 or corundum is recommended for ferrous metals and aluminum grit for aluminum-based alloys.
- the projection air must be dry and free from all traces of oil.
- the part Once shot peened, the part must be coated without delay (usually within eight hours) or can be stored temporarily in a dry place to prevent the appearance of oxides on the surface. If signs of surface corrosion appear, the shot peening step must be repeated before the coating can be applied.
- Chemical pickling involves the immersion or sprinkling of strong acid solutions (sulfuric, hydrochloric or phosphoric acid) on the part, followed by successive rinsing and drying in stable and controlled chemical baths.
- strong acid solutions sulfuric, hydrochloric or phosphoric acid
- Other types of chemical treatment can be used if they are compatible with the coating, in particular polyamide and its application process.
- Quality shot blasting must produce a perfectly clean surface (Sa 2 1 / 2-3) and a roughness (measured in accordance with ISO 4287-1: 1997) in particular between 10 pm and 80 pm.
- a degassing step is carried out before pickling / shot blasting.
- the waterproofing layer (2) consists of a composition comprising at least one polyamide P1.
- Said composition can also comprise impact modifiers and / or additives.
- the additives can be chosen from an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a UV absorber, a light stabilizer, a lubricant, an inorganic filler, an organic filler, a flame retardant, a nucleating agent, a plasticizer, pigment and colorant.
- said composition consists mainly of said polyamide P1, from 0 to 5% by weight of impact modifier, from 0 to 5% by weight of additives, the sum of the constituents of the composition being equal to 100%.
- the polyamide can be a homopolyamide or a copolyamide or a mixture thereof.
- said polyamide is a semi-crystalline polyamide or copolyamide.
- thermo-crystalline within the meaning of the invention, denotes a (co) polyamide which has a melting point (Tm) in DSC according to standard ISO 11357-3: 2013, and an enthalpy of crystallization during the cooling step at a speed of 20K / min in DSC measured according to standard ISO 11357-3 of 2013 greater than 20 J / g, preferably greater than 30 J / g.
- said polyamide P1 is a semi-aromatic copolyamide comprising at least two distinct units A and XY of formula A / XY, in which: A is a repeating unit obtained by polycondensation: of at least one C9 to C18 amino acid, preferably C10 to C18, more preferably C10 to C12, or at least one C9 to C18 lactam, preferably C10 to C18 , more preferably in C10 to C12, or of at least one diamine Ca in C4-C36, preferentially C6-C18, preferentially C6-C12, more preferentially C10-C12, with at least one dicarboxylic acid Cb in C4-C36, preferentially C6-C18, preferably C6-C12, more preferably C10-C12,
- XY is a repeating unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one linear C9 to C18 aliphatic diamine (X), preferably C10 to C18, more preferably C10 to C12, and at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid ( Y),
- said at least one lactam can be chosen from a C9 to C18 lactam, preferably C10 to C18, more preferably C10 to C12.
- a C10 to C12 lactam includes decanolactam, undecanolactam, and lauryllactam.
- Said unit A is obtained from the polycondensation of at least one lactam and can therefore comprise a single lactam or several lactams.
- said unit A is obtained from the polycondensation of a single lactam and said lactam is lauryllactam.
- said at least one amino acid can be chosen from a C9 to C18 amino acid, preferably C10 to C18, more preferably C10 to C12.
- a C9 to C12 amino acid is in particular 9-aminononanoic acid, 10-aminodecanoic acid, 10-aminoundecanoic acid, 12- acid. aminododecanoic acid and 11-aminoundecanoic acid as well as its derivatives, in particular N-heptyl-11-aminoundecanoic acid.
- Said unit A is obtained from the polycondensation of at least one amino acid and can therefore comprise a single amino acid or several amino acids.
- said unit A is obtained from the polycondensation of a single amino acid and said amino acid is 11-aminoundecanoic acid.
- the repeating unit A of said copolyamide is obtained from the polycondensation of at least one C4-C36 diamine Ca, preferably C6-C18, preferably C6-C12, more preferably C10-C12, with at least one diacid Cb in C4-C36, preferentially C6-C18, preferentially C6-C12, more preferentially C10-C12, then said at least one diamine in Ca is a linear or branched aliphatic diamine, in particular linear and said at least one Cb diacid is a linear or branched aliphatic diacid, in particular a linear diacid.
- said at least one diamine is linear aliphatic and said at least one diacid is aliphatic and linear.
- Said at least one C4-C36 diamine Ca can in particular be chosen from 1, 4-butanediamine, 1, 5-pentamethylenediamine, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, 1, 7-heptamethylenediamine, 1, 8- octamethylèdiamine, 1, 9-nonamethylèdiamine, 1, 10-decamethylèdiamine, 1,11- undecamethylèdiamine, 1, 12-dodecamethylèdiamine, 1,13-tridecamethylèdiamine, 1, 14-tetradecamethylèdiamine, 1,16- hexadecamethylèdiamine and 1, 18-octadecamethylenediamine, octadecenediamine, eicosanediamine, docosanediamine and diamines obtained from fatty acids.
- said at least one Ca diamine is C5-C18 and chosen from 1,5 pentamethylenediamine, 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine, 1, 7-heptamethylenediamine, 1, 8-octamethylenediamine, 1, 9-nonamethylèdiamine, 1, 10-decamethylèdiamine, 1, 11-undecamethylèdiamine, 1,12- dodecamethylèdiamine, 1, 13-tridecamethylèdiamine, 1,14- tetradecamethylèdiamine, 1, 16-hexadecamethylèdiamine and 1,18-octadecamethylèdiamine.
- said at least one C5 to C12 diamine Ca is in particular chosen from 1, 5 pentamethylenediamine, 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine, 1, 7-heptamethylenediamine, 1, 8-octamethylenediamine, 1 , 9-nonamethylèdiamine, 1, 10-decamethylèdiamine, 1,11- undecamethylèdiamine, 1, 12-dodecamethylèdiamine.
- the Ca diamine used is C10 to C12, in particular chosen from 1, 10-decamethylèdiamine, 1,11-undécamethylèdiamine, 1,12-dodecamethylèdiamine.
- Said at least one Cb C4 to C36 dicarboxylic acid can be chosen from succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, brassylic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, octadecanedioic acid, octadecenediamine, eicosanediamine, docosanediamine and diamines obtained from 'Fatty acids.
- said at least one Cb dicarboxylic acid is C6 to C18 and is chosen from adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid , brassylic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, octadecanedioic acid.
- said at least one Cb dicarboxylic acid is C6 to C12 and is chosen from adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid .
- said at least one Cb dicarboxylic acid is C10 to C12 and is chosen from sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid and dodecanedioic acid.
- Said unit A is obtained from the polycondensation of at least one diamine Ca with at least one dicarboxylic acid Cb and may therefore comprise a single diamine or several diamines and a single dicarboxylic acid or several dicarboxylic acids.
- said unit A is obtained from the polycondensation of a single diamine Ca with a single dicarboxylic acid Cb.
- Said XY unit is a repeating unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one linear aliphatic diamine (X) at C9 to C18, preferably from C10 to C18, more preferably from C10 to C12, and at least an aromatic dicarboxylic acid (Y).
- X linear aliphatic diamine
- Y aromatic dicarboxylic acid
- Said linear aliphatic diamine (X) is as defined for said linear aliphatic diamine Ca.
- Said linear aliphatic diamine (X) can be identical to or different from the aliphatic and linear diamine Ca.
- Said aromatic dicarboxylic acid (Y) may be C6 to C18, C6 to C18, preferably C8 to C18, more preferably C8 to C12.
- T terepthalic acid
- I isophthalic acid
- N naphthalene dicarboxylic acid
- said aromatic dicarboxylic acid (Y) is terepthalic acid.
- said polyamide is a long-chain semi-aromatic polyamide, that is to say a polyamide having an average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom greater than 8.5, preferably greater than 9.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide is a polyamide chosen from A / 5T, A / 6T, A / 9T, A / 10T, A / 11T, A / 12T and A / BACT, A being as defined above.
- a polyamide chosen from a PA MPMDT / 6T, a PA11 / 10T, a PA 5T / 10T, a PA 11 / BACT, a PA 11 / 6T / 10T, a PA MXDT / 10T, a PA MPMDT / 10T , one PA BACT / 10T, one PA BACT / 6T, PA BACT / 10T / 6T, one PA 11 / BACT / 6T, PA 11 / MPMDT / 6T, PA 11 / MPMDT / 10T, PA 11 / BACT / 10T, one PA 11 / MXDT / 10T, an 11 / 5T / 10T.
- T corresponds to terephthalic acid
- MXD corresponds to m-xylylenediamine
- MPMD corresponds to methylpentamethylene diamine
- BAC corresponds to bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane.
- said polyamide P1 is an aliphatic polyamide or an aliphatic copolyamide, in particular an aliphatic polyamide.
- thermoplastic polymer is a short-chain aliphatic polyamide, that is to say a polyamide having an average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom of 4 to 8.5, in particular 4 to 7, or a long-chain polyamide, that is to say a polyamide having an average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom greater than 8.5, preferably greater than 9.
- the short-chain aliphatic polyamide is polyamide 6 (PA6) and the long-chain aliphatic polyamide is chosen from polyamide 11 (PA11), polyamide 12 (PA12), polyamide 1010 (PA1010), polyamide 1012 (PA1012), polyamide 1212 (PA1012), or a mixture thereof or a copolyamide thereof, in particular PA11 and PA12.
- said at least one aliphatic polyamide P1 is chosen from chosen from PA6, PA11 and PA12.
- Polyamide P2 is as defined for polyamide P1.
- the polyamide P2 is a long chain polyamide chosen from PA 1010, PA11, PA12, PA1012, polyamide 1212 (PA1212), a mixture of these or a copolyamide thereof, in particular PA11 and PA12.
- the polyamides P1 and P2 can be identical or different, but in the latter case, they must then be able to be weldable.
- weldingable is as defined in ISO 472: 2013 and refers to a softened surface joining process, usually using heat
- the polyamide P2 and the polyamide P1 are both semi-aromatic polyamides.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide P2 is identical to the semi-aromatic polyamide P1.
- polyamide P2 and the polyamide P1 are both aliphatic polyamides.
- the aliphatic polyamide P2 is identical to the aliphatic polyamide P1.
- P1 and P2 are identical and chosen from a short chain aliphatic polyamide which is polyamide 6 (PA6) and a long chain aliphatic polyamide chosen from polyamide 11 (PA11), polyamide 12 (PA12). , polyamide 1010 (PA1010), polyamide 1012 (PA1012), polyamide 1212 (PA1212), a mixture thereof or a copolyamide thereof, in particular PA11 and PA12.
- P1 and P2 are identical and chosen from PA6, PA11 and PA12.
- One or more composite reinforcing layers may or may be present.
- the first reinforcing layer present is wound around the sealing layer (2) and the other layers, if they are present, are wound on top of each other over the first reinforcing layer.
- a single reinforcing layer is present and wrapped around the sealing layer (2).
- each of said layers consists of a composition predominantly comprising at least one polyamide P3.
- the number of reinforcing layers is from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, in particular from 1 to 3.
- said at least one polyamide is present in more than 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the matrix of the composite.
- said at least one major polyamide is present at more than 60% by weight, in particular at more than 70% by weight, particularly at more than 80% by weight, more particularly at or equal to 90% by weight, by relative to the total weight of the composition,
- Said composition can also comprise impact modifiers and / or additives.
- the additives can be chosen from an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a UV absorber, a light stabilizer, a lubricant, an inorganic filler, a flame retardant, a nucleating agent, a plasticizer and a colorant. .
- said composition consists of said polyamide P3j predominantly, from 0 to 5% by weight of impact modifier, from 0 to 5% by weight of additives, the sum of the constituents of the composition being equal to 100%.
- Said at least one major polyamide of each layer may be identical or different.
- a single majority polyamide is present at least in the composite reinforcing layer wound around the waterproofing layer (2).
- each reinforcing layer comprises the same type of polyamide P3.
- Polyamide P3 is as defined for polyamide P1.
- Polyamide P3 can be identical to or different from polyamide P1.
- the polyamide P3 and the polyamide P1 are both semi-aromatic polyamides.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide P3 is identical to the semi-aromatic polyamide P1.
- P1 and P3 are identical and chosen from polyamides of high Tg, in particular having a Tg of at least 90 ° C, of preferably at least 100 ° C, more preferably at least 110 ° C, even more preferably 120 ° C.
- the polyamide P3 and the polyamide P1 are both aliphatic polyamides.
- the aliphatic polyamide P3 is identical to the aliphatic polyamide P1.
- P1 and P3 are identical and chosen from a short chain aliphatic polyamide which is polyamide 6 (PA6) and a long chain aliphatic polyamide chosen from polyamide 11 (PA11), polyamide 12 (PA12). , polyamide 1010 (PA1010), polyamide 1012 (PA1012), polyamide 1212 (PA1012), a mixture thereof or a copolyamide thereof, in particular PA11 and PA12.
- P1 and P3 are identical and chosen from PA6, PA11 and PA12.
- the polyamide P3, the polyamide P2 and the polyamide P1 are all three semi-aromatic polyamides.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide P3 and the semi-aromatic polyamide P2 are identical to the semi-aromatic polyamide P1.
- P1, P2 and P3 are identical and chosen from polyamide, polyamides of high Tg, in particular having a Tg of at least 90 ° C, preferably of at least 100 ° C, more preferably of 'at least 110 ° C, even more preferably 120 ° C.
- the polyamide P3, the polyamide P2 and the polyamide P1 are all three aliphatic polyamides.
- the aliphatic polyamide P3 and the aliphatic polyamide P2 are identical to the aliphatic polyamide P1.
- P1, P2 and P3 are identical and chosen from a short-chain aliphatic polyamide which is polyamide 6 (PA6) and a long-chain aliphatic polyamide chosen from polyamide 11 (PA11), polyamide 12 ( PA12), polyamide 1010 (PA1010), polyamide 1012 (PA1012), polyamide 1212 (PA1012), or a mixture thereof or a copolyamide thereof, in particular PA11 and PA12.
- P1, P2 and P3 are identical and chosen from PA6, PA11 and PA12, polyamides of high Tg, in particular having a Tg of at least 90 ° C, preferably of at least 100 ° C. , more preferably at least 110 ° C, even more preferably 120 ° C.
- P1 and P2 are aliphatic polymers
- P3 is a semi-aromatic polymer of high Tg, in particular having a Tg of at least 90 ° C, preferably of at least 100 ° C, more preferably of at least 110 ° C, even more preferably 120 ° C.
- each of said layers (4) consists of a composition mainly comprising at least one thermosetting polymer P4, in particular based on epoxy.
- thermosetting polymers are chosen from epoxy resins, polyesters and polyurethanes, in particular epoxy or epoxy-based resins.
- the number of layers (4) is from 1 to 10, in particular from 1 to 5, in particular from 1 to 3, preferably 1.
- the term “predominantly” means that said at least one polymer is present in more than 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- said at least one majority thermosetting polymer is present at more than 60% by weight, in particular at more than 70% by weight, particularly at more than 80% by weight, more particularly at or equal to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition,
- Said composition can also comprise impact modifiers and / or additives.
- the additives can be chosen from an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a UV absorber, a light stabilizer, a lubricant, an inorganic filler, an inorganic filler, a flame retardant, a nucleating agent, a plasticizer, pigment and colorant.
- said composition consists of said thermosetting polymer P4 predominantly, from 0 to 5% by weight of impact modifier, from 0 to 5% by weight of additives, the sum of the constituents of the composition being equal to 100%.
- Said at least one majority polymer of each layer may be identical or different.
- a single majority thermosetting polymer is present at least in the composite reinforcing layer wrapped around the sealing layer (2).
- each reinforcing layer comprises the same type of thermosetting polymer.
- fibers constituting said fibrous material they are in particular fibers of mineral, organic or plant origin.
- said fibrous material can be sized or not sized.
- Said fibrous material can therefore comprise up to 0.1% by weight of an organic material (thermosetting or thermoplastic resin type) called sizing.
- fibers of mineral origin mention may be made of carbon fibers, glass fibers, basalt or basalt-based fibers, silica fibers, or silicon carbide fibers, for example.
- fibers of organic origin mention may be made of fibers based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer, such as semi-aromatic polyamide fibers, aramid fibers or polyolefin fibers, for example.
- they are based on an amorphous thermoplastic polymer and have a glass transition temperature Tg greater than the Tg of the polymer or mixture of thermoplastic polymer constituting the pre-impregnation matrix when the latter is amorphous, or greater than the Tm of the polymer or mixture of thermoplastic polymer constituting the prepreg matrix when the latter is semi-crystalline.
- they are based on a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer and have a melting point of Tm greater than the Tg of the polymer or thermoplastic polymer mixture constituting the prepregnation matrix when the latter is amorphous, or greater than the Tm of the polymer or thermoplastic polymer mixture constituting the prepregnation matrix when this the latter is semi-crystalline.
- the organic fibers constituting the fibrous material during impregnation with the thermoplastic matrix of the final composite.
- the fibers of plant origin mention may be made of natural fibers based on flax, hemp, lignin, bamboo, silk, in particular spider silk, sisal, and other cellulose fibers, in particular viscose. These fibers of plant origin can be used pure, treated or else coated with a coating layer, with a view to facilitating the adhesion and impregnation of the thermoplastic polymer matrix.
- the fibrous material can also be a fabric, braided or woven with fibers.
- organic fibers can be mixed with mineral fibers to be pre-impregnated with thermoplastic polymer powder and to form the pre-impregnated fibrous material.
- the rovings of organic fibers can have several grammages. They can also have several geometries.
- the fibers constituting the fibrous material may also be in the form of a mixture of these reinforcing fibers of different geometries. Fibers are continuous fibers.
- the fibrous material consists of continuous carbon or glass fibers or a mixture thereof, in particular carbon fibers. It is used as a wick or several wicks.
- the process then comprises a step of crosslinking said epoxy.
- the crosslinking step leads to the formation of one or more three-dimensional networks, by chemical or physical means, at the level of the base (3). This then allows the epoxy on the base to harden.
- said adhesion primer consists of an epoxy, said sealing layer (2) being prepared by rotational molding in a mold, and the crosslinking step is carried out during the rotational molding after prior introduction. of said base (3) in the rotomolding mold before the preparation of said sealing layer (2).
- said base (3) is covered by at least one layer consisting of an epoxy, by coating by spraying with a gun, by dipping in the diluted primer, or by coating with a brush and introduced into the mold. rotational molding before crosslinking.
- the thickness of the primer in the form of a dry film before introduction into the rotational molding mold is then from 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
- a single layer consisting of said epoxy covers the base (3).
- the crosslinking is then carried out at the same time as the sealing layer (2) is prepared by heating the polyamide used, in particular in powder form, and introduced into the rotational molding.
- the heating is therefore dependent on the melting point of the polyamide used.
- said adhesion primer consists of an epoxy
- said adhesion primer consists of an epoxy
- said sealing layer (2) being prepared by rotational molding in a mold, the crosslinking step being carried out during a pre-curing step before introduction of said base (3) into the rotational molding mold before preparation of said sealing layer (2).
- said base (3) is covered by at least one layer consisting of an epoxy by dipping in a fluidized bed, by covering by spraying by gun or by dipping in the diluted primer and introduced into a system of preheating, in particular an oven, for carry out the crosslinking before introducing the base into the mold for preparing said sealing layer (2).
- the thickness of the primer in the form of a dry film before introduction into the preheating system is then between 8 and 12 ⁇ m.
- the temperature of the oven depends on the thickness of the base and the residence time. To overcome this, there are color guides for the crosslinking of the primer.
- the time during which the base is heated to high temperature (in particular greater than 200 ° C, in particular approximately equal to 220 ° C) must be low, preferably between 4 and 20 minutes.
- a single layer consisting of said epoxy covers the base (3).
- said adhesion primer consists of an epoxy, said sealing layer (2) being prepared beforehand by injection, thermoforming or extrusion-blow molding, said crosslinking being carried out during a step of pre-baking before fixing said at least one base (3) on said at least one sealing layer (2) prepared beforehand.
- said base (3) is covered with at least one layer consisting of an epoxy by dipping in a fluidized bed, by covering by spraying by gun or by dipping in the diluted primer and introduced into a system of preheating, in particular an oven, to effect crosslinking before introduction of the base into the mold for preparing said sealing layer (2).
- the thickness of the primer in the form of a dry film before introduction into the preheating system is then from 8 to 12 ⁇ m.
- the two surfaces to be assembled are heated beyond their respective melting points and brought into contact, this contact is maintained until the 2 surfaces have cooled (examples of mirror welding and ultra-sound welding).
- Another preferred method allows melting when the two materials are in contact (example of friction welding and laser welding). It is also possible to only melt one of the 2 surfaces before contacting.
- the temperature of the oven depends on the thickness of the base and the residence time. To overcome this, there are color guides for the crosslinking of the primer.
- the time during which the base is heated to high temperature should be low, preferably between 4 and 20 minutes.
- a single layer consisting of said epoxy covers the base (3).
- said adhesion primer consists of an epoxy, said sealing layer (2) being prepared by injection, thermoforming or extrusion, said crosslinking being carried out during a pre-curing step. before fixing said at least one base (3) on said at least one sealing layer.
- said sealing layer (2) is not prepared in a rotomolding mold but by injection, thermoforming or extrusion
- the temperature of the oven depends on the thickness of the base and the residence time. To overcome this, there are color guides for the crosslinking of the primer.
- the time during which the base is heated to high temperature should be low, preferably between 4 and 20 minutes.
- a single layer consisting of said epoxy covers the base (3).
- said adhesion primer consists of an epoxy
- the crosslinking step being carried out during a pre-curing step and said heated base and covered with crosslinked epoxy is then soaked in a fluidized bed of polyamide P2 or a non-electrostatic projection of a polyamide P2 powder is carried out before the fixing of said at least one base (3) on said au least one sealing layer (2) prepared beforehand.
- said base (3) is covered with at least one layer consisting of an epoxy by covering, by spraying by gun or by dipping in the diluted primer and introduced into a preheating system, in particular an oven , to perform crosslinking before introduction of the base into the mold for preparing said sealing layer (2).
- the thickness of the primer in the form of a dry film before introduction into the preheating system is then from 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the temperature of the oven depends on the thickness of the base and the residence time. To overcome this, there are color guides for the crosslinking of the primer.
- a single layer consisting of said epoxy covers the base (3).
- Said base can then be fixed on the sealing layer (2) after its preparation or in a rotational molding for the preparation of said sealing layer (2).
- said at least one metal base (3) is covered by at least one layer (a) consisting of a composition comprising at least one adhesion primer consisting of an epoxy covered with a layer. (b) consisting of a composition comprising at least one polyamide P2 in powder form, said base being previously covered with an epoxy then said polyamide P2 in powder form being applied to said base (3), said base then being passed through an oven to crosslink said epoxy and allow the polyamide P2 to melt.
- the adhesion primer and the polyamide P2 are present on the base before the crosslinking and therefore before the introduction of said base into the oven to crosslink the epoxy.
- Said base (3) is covered by at least one layer (a) consisting of an epoxy, by coating by spraying with a gun or by dipping in the diluted primer, then said polyamide P2 in powder form is applied by electrostatic spraying, by powdering hot or by dipping in a fluidized bed on said base (3), said base then being passed through an oven to crosslink said epoxy and allow melting of polyamide P2.
- layer (a) consisting of an epoxy, by coating by spraying with a gun or by dipping in the diluted primer, then said polyamide P2 in powder form is applied by electrostatic spraying, by powdering hot or by dipping in a fluidized bed on said base (3), said base then being passed through an oven to crosslink said epoxy and allow melting of polyamide P2.
- the layer (b) consisting of a composition comprising at least one polyamide P2 in powder form has a thickness of from 100 ⁇ m to 1500 ⁇ m.
- said thickness is from 50 to 200 ⁇ m, said polyamide P2 in powder form being applied by electrostatic spraying.
- said thickness is between 150 ⁇ m to 1500 ⁇ m, preferably from 200 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, said polyamide P2 in powder form being applied by hot powdering or by dipping in a fluidized bed.
- the temperature of the oven depends on the thickness of the base and the residence time.
- the P2 coating should appear to be completely melted on leaving the oven.
- the time during which the base is heated to high temperature should be low, preferably between 4 and 20 minutes.
- a single layer (a) consisting of said epoxy and a single layer (b) consisting of said polyamide P2 covers the base (3).
- said at least one metal base (3) is covered by at least one layer (a) consisting of a composition comprising at least one adhesion primer consisting of a mixture of a P2 polyamide. and an epoxy, said base then being passed through an oven to crosslink said epoxy and allow melting of polyamide P2.
- the primer therefore consists of a mixture of polyamide P2 and of epoxide, as defined above and in particular of epoxy particles dispersed in a polyamide powder as defined above.
- Said base (3) is covered by at least one layer (a) consisting of a mixture of polyamide P2 and epoxy, as defined above and in particular of epoxy particles dispersed in a polyamide powder. as defined above by electrostatic spraying, said base then being passed through an oven to crosslink said epoxy and allow melting of polyamide P2.
- layer (a) consisting of a mixture of polyamide P2 and epoxy, as defined above and in particular of epoxy particles dispersed in a polyamide powder. as defined above by electrostatic spraying, said base then being passed through an oven to crosslink said epoxy and allow melting of polyamide P2.
- the temperature of the oven depends on the thickness of the base and the residence time.
- the P2 coating should appear completely melted on leaving the oven.
- the time during which the base is heated to high temperature should be low, preferably between 4 and 20 minutes.
- a single layer (a) consisting of said mixture of epoxy and polyamide P2 covers the base (3).
- the method as defined above for the fifth, sixth and seventh variants characterized in that said sealing layer (2) is prepared beforehand by rotational molding, by injection, thermoforming or extrusion -blowing, said crosslinking being carried out during a pre-curing step before fixing said at least one base (3) on said at least one sealing layer (2) prepared beforehand.
- the method as defined above for variants 1 to 7 is characterized in that the reservoir comprises at least one composite reinforcing layer (4) consisting of a fibrous material in the form of of continuous fibers impregnated with a composition mainly comprising at least one thermosetting epoxy-based polymer.
- the method as defined above for variants 1 to 7 is characterized in that the reservoir comprises at least one composite reinforcing layer (4) made of a fibrous material in the form of continuous fibers impregnated with a composition mainly comprising at least one polyamide P3.
- said at least one composite reinforcing layer (4) is wound around the layer (2).
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a hydrogen tank (1) comprising a sealing layer (2), a base (3), a composite reinforcing layer (4) and an opening (5) and the junction (6) of the 'base (3) with the sealing layer (2).
- Example 1 Preparation of a tank comprising a waterproofing layer (2) of PA 11, a metal base (3) covered with epoxy primer and a composite reinforcing layer of carbon fibers with an epoxy matrix
- the base is shot peened at the area of contact with the sealing layer. 2 hours after this step, a coat of primer, supplied by the company Arkema under the name Primgreen® LAT 12035, is applied by spraying in a homogeneous white layer to the eye. It is then left to dry in a ventilated area until the white color disappears.
- a coat of primer supplied by the company Arkema under the name Primgreen® LAT 12035, is applied by spraying in a homogeneous white layer to the eye. It is then left to dry in a ventilated area until the white color disappears.
- This base is then introduced into an oven at 270 ° C. for 30 min. On leaving the oven, a brown color is visible in the areas of application of the primer, a color as defined in the procedures provided by the company Arkema.
- Polyamide powder supplied by the company Arkema, under the reference Rilsan® PA11 T nat BHV2, is sprayed onto the hot base so as to reach a thickness of approximately 400 ⁇ m. The base is then allowed to cool, until it reaches a temperature below 50 ° C.
- the base thus coated is then introduced into a rotational molding mold.
- PA 11 powder sold by Arkema under the name Roto 11 natural, is introduced into the mold.
- the temperature inside the mold is monitored during the rotational molding step. This mold is heated, while being rotated, until the temperature inside the mold reaches 220 ° C. the heating is then stopped, and the mold allowed to cool. The process is stopped when a temperature of 70 ° C is reached.
- the heating / cooling cycle lasts 1 hour.
- the waterproofing layer is then covered with a 2 cm thickness of composite containing carbon fibers and epoxy resin.
- the fibers are unwound from the spools on which they are delivered and wound around the waterproofing layer. Between the coils and the tank under construction, they pass through a bath of liquid epoxy to be impregnated with this resin. Once the thickness of 2 cm is reached anywhere in the tank (except at the openings), the tank is placed in an autoclave at 80 ° C for 8 hours.
- Comparative Example 2 Preparation of a tank comprising a sealing layer (2) PA 11, a metal base (3) without epoxy and a composite reinforcing layer of carbon fibers with an epoxy matrix.
- the quality of the adhesion to the base is evaluated.
- the reservoir is cut around the base, leaving 2 cm all around the base.
- the largest coated surface of the base is then identified, a Saint-André cross is hollowed out, cutting the layer of PA11 until it reaches the metal.
- the cross of Saint Andrew is located near the center of this larger area. The part is then introduced into a climatic chamber to carry out a salt spray test for 2000 hours.
- the quality of the adhesion is evaluated by removing the surface of PA 11 no longer adhering to the base (by applying a knife blade under the surface, at the level of the center of the cross, the layer of PA11 must be able to lift with only the force necessary to deform the layer of PA11).
- the maximum separation, starting from the center of the cross, is measured.
- the greatest separation distance is 8mm.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1912707A FR3103250B1 (fr) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Procédé de préparation d’un réservoir d’hydrogène comprenant une couche d’étanchéité et une embase |
| PCT/FR2020/052058 WO2021094686A1 (fr) | 2019-11-14 | 2020-11-12 | Procédé de préparation d'un réservoir d'hydrogène comprenant une couche d'étanchéité et une embase |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4058719A1 true EP4058719A1 (fr) | 2022-09-21 |
Family
ID=69468870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20861950.2A Pending EP4058719A1 (fr) | 2019-11-14 | 2020-11-12 | Procédé de préparation d'un réservoir d'hydrogène comprenant une couche d'étanchéité et une embase |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220397237A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4058719A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2023502222A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20220097508A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN114729727A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3156621A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3103250B1 (fr) |
| MX (1) | MX2022005470A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021094686A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102442629B1 (ko) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-09-14 | 한화솔루션 주식회사 | 실링 구조 보스가 구비된 고압용기 및 이의 제조방법 |
| FR3124428B1 (fr) * | 2021-06-28 | 2025-12-05 | Arkema France | Structure multicouche pour le transport ou le stockage de l’hydrogene |
| EP4141314A1 (fr) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-01 | MAGNA Energy Storage Systems GmbH | Réservoir haute pression doté d'une partie à bossage pourvue de revêtement en matière plastique |
| KR20240160409A (ko) * | 2023-05-02 | 2024-11-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 압력 용기 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2632051B1 (fr) * | 1988-05-24 | 1990-09-21 | Hembert Claude | Revetement de protection anti-feu et thermique |
| CA1326832C (fr) * | 1987-07-21 | 1994-02-08 | Claude Leon Hembert | Reservoir de fluide et son procede de fabrication |
| AT1592U1 (de) * | 1996-08-29 | 1997-08-25 | Jos Heiser Vormals J Winter S | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur innenbeschichtung von gasflaschen |
| FR2757450B1 (fr) * | 1996-12-24 | 1999-02-26 | Salomon Sa | Procede de decoration d'un article composite du type ski, surf, planche a roulettes ou composant de cycle |
| US6746719B2 (en) * | 2000-10-13 | 2004-06-08 | Atofina Chemicals, Inc. | Process of priming a metal surface for attaching resin systems thereto utilizing aqueous emulsion of a polyfunctional epoxide compound as the primer |
| JP4578068B2 (ja) * | 2003-06-18 | 2010-11-10 | 株式会社Ihiエアロスペース | シェル用積層体及びこれを用いた圧力容器 |
| KR100469636B1 (ko) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-02-02 | 주식회사 케이시알 | 복합재료 고압용기용 고밀폐도 금속성 노즐보스 |
| US9091395B2 (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2015-07-28 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Process for forming a vessel |
| JP2012189106A (ja) * | 2011-03-09 | 2012-10-04 | Yachiyo Industry Co Ltd | 圧力容器の口金構造及び圧力容器の製造方法 |
| JP5044712B1 (ja) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-10-10 | エア・ウォーター株式会社 | 摩擦材用鋼製裏金および鋼製品の製造方法 |
| FR2981357B1 (fr) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-10-25 | Arkema France | Composition souple a base de polyamide semi-aromatique, son procede de preparation et ses utilisations |
| JP5395156B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-01-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ガスタンク及びその製造方法 |
| FR3004141B1 (fr) * | 2013-04-03 | 2015-05-15 | Astrium Sas | Liaison entre un liner metallique mince et une paroi en composite par enduction chargee de particules thermoplastiques |
| JP6390384B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-28 | 2018-09-19 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 圧力容器および圧力容器の製造方法 |
| JP6565179B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-28 | 2019-08-28 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | ライナーおよび圧力容器 |
| CN105715943B (zh) * | 2014-12-03 | 2018-07-27 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | 一种固态高压混合储氢罐 |
| JP2016142349A (ja) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-08 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 圧力容器 |
| FR3035173B1 (fr) * | 2015-04-15 | 2017-12-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de preparation de la coque interne d'un reservoir composite de type iv pour le stockage de fluide sous pression |
| DE102015107871A1 (de) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-11-24 | Schmitt Prof. Möhlmann & Collegen Wirtschaftskanzlei - lnsolvenzverwalter Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung einer Gasflasche |
| RU2692788C1 (ru) * | 2015-06-19 | 2019-06-27 | Прк-Десото Интернэшнл, Инк. | Гибкая нехроматная антикоррозийная грунтовка |
| ITUA20164707A1 (it) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-12-28 | Faber Ind Spa | Recipiente a pressione |
| CN107270120B (zh) * | 2017-07-05 | 2020-04-10 | 长安大学 | 一种车载轻质高压金属氢化物复合式储氢罐 |
| JP2019143648A (ja) * | 2018-02-15 | 2019-08-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 高圧タンクの製造方法 |
| CN110173619A (zh) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-27 | 杨清萍 | 一种铝、钢复合层储氢罐及其为芯的纤维缠绕增强储氢瓶 |
-
2019
- 2019-11-14 FR FR1912707A patent/FR3103250B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-11-12 KR KR1020227019740A patent/KR20220097508A/ko active Pending
- 2020-11-12 CA CA3156621A patent/CA3156621A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-11-12 CN CN202080079438.7A patent/CN114729727A/zh active Pending
- 2020-11-12 EP EP20861950.2A patent/EP4058719A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-11-12 JP JP2022527128A patent/JP2023502222A/ja active Pending
- 2020-11-12 WO PCT/FR2020/052058 patent/WO2021094686A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2020-11-12 US US17/776,380 patent/US20220397237A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-12 MX MX2022005470A patent/MX2022005470A/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3103250A1 (fr) | 2021-05-21 |
| CN114729727A (zh) | 2022-07-08 |
| MX2022005470A (es) | 2022-06-02 |
| US20220397237A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 |
| WO2021094686A1 (fr) | 2021-05-20 |
| FR3103250B1 (fr) | 2022-03-18 |
| JP2023502222A (ja) | 2023-01-23 |
| KR20220097508A (ko) | 2022-07-07 |
| CA3156621A1 (fr) | 2021-05-20 |
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