EP4047270A1 - Procédé et agencement destinés à empêcher un retour de flamme dans un brûleur à prémelange - Google Patents

Procédé et agencement destinés à empêcher un retour de flamme dans un brûleur à prémelange Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4047270A1
EP4047270A1 EP22156289.5A EP22156289A EP4047270A1 EP 4047270 A1 EP4047270 A1 EP 4047270A1 EP 22156289 A EP22156289 A EP 22156289A EP 4047270 A1 EP4047270 A1 EP 4047270A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
temperature
burner body
fuel gas
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP22156289.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Reinert
Klaus Richter
Bodo Oerder
Matthias Hopf
Jochen Grabe
Ulrich Demandewicz
Michael Paul
Thomas Badenhop
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Publication of EP4047270A1 publication Critical patent/EP4047270A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/022—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/76—Protecting flame and burner parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
    • F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/9901—Combustion process using hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide water or brown gas as fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
    • F23D2203/1012—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/102—Flame diffusing means using perforated plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23D2209/10—Flame flashback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2231/00—Fail safe
    • F23N2231/28—Fail safe preventing flash-back or blow-back

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for preventing a flashback in a burner that is operated with a mixture of fuel gas and air (premix burner).
  • a burner body made of perforated sheet metal, which encloses or encloses an interior space, and can be designed as so-called flat or cylindrical burners.
  • Round holes are mostly used, but oblong slits and other shapes of the holes are also possible.
  • the dimensioning of the holes and their number/area unit and arrangement has an influence on the flame stability during combustion in a combustion chamber and on combustion hygiene (completeness of combustion and production of pollutants).
  • the object of the present invention is to at least partially solve the problems mentioned with reference to the prior art and, in particular, to observe a physical variable in a heating device operated with a fuel gas-air mixture, which allows this impending event to be detected even before a flashback occurs possible so that countermeasures can be taken in good time.
  • a method and an arrangement are to be created for recognizing and avoiding an impending flashback, the arrangement being simple and suitable for everyday operation of a heating device.
  • a method contributes to avoiding a flashback of a flame in an interior of a burner body of a burner in a heater, which is equipped with a A mixture of fuel gas and air is operated, with a temperature of the burner body being measured, with measures being taken to reduce the temperature of the burner body if the measured temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold value and/or if the measured temperature rises per unit of time.
  • the burner body is formed from or with at least one perforated metal sheet.
  • the invention is based on the finding that flashback on an inner surface of a burner body, which leads to a flashback, can only take place there once a certain critical temperature has been reached. Therefore, by observing the temperature of the torch body, it can be recognized when it is approaching the critical temperature. So e.g. B. when a predetermined threshold value of the temperature is exceeded or of the temporal derivation of measures to reduce the temperature are taken.
  • the temperature of the burner body is preferably measured by a temperature sensor in the interior of the burner body. Since a cold fuel gas-air mixture flows from the interior of the burner body into a combustion space in which combustion takes place with the formation of flames, the burner body is colder on the inside than on the outside. Since a flashback essentially depends on the temperature on the inside of the burner body, measuring the temperature in the interior, in particular near or on an inner surface of the burner body, makes sense.
  • Also contributing to the solution of the task is an arrangement for preventing a flame from flashing back into an interior space of a burner body of a burner in a heating device which can be operated with a mixture of fuel gas and air, with at least one Temperature sensor is present, which is connected to a control and regulation unit, which is set up to initiate measures to reduce the temperature of the burner body when a threshold value of the measured temperature and / or the increase in the measured temperature per unit time is exceeded.
  • the burner body is formed from or with at least one perforated metal sheet.
  • the perforated metal sheet (at least in the circumferential direction) encloses (directly) or delimits the interior space therein.
  • the arrangement is suitable for heaters that are operated with pure hydrogen or a fuel gas with a hydrogen content of more than 50%, in particular more than 97%, in which special measures to avoid flashbacks are particularly important.
  • the temperature sensor is preferably connected to the evaluation unit via a measuring line, which is led out of the interior of the burner through a passage on the blower side. In this way, the measuring line does not have to be routed through the combustion chamber and runs in cooler areas.
  • a further aspect also relates to a computer program product comprising instructions which cause the arrangement described to carry out the method described.
  • the evaluation of the measured data and their further use in the heater require a program and data for controlling the heater, both of which have to be updated from time to time.
  • the explanations for the method can be used for a more detailed characterization of the arrangement, and vice versa.
  • the arrangement can also be set up in such a way that the method is carried out with it.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a heater 1, which can be operated in particular with hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing fuel gas.
  • Air is conveyed to a burner 4 via an air supply 2 by means of a blower 3 .
  • Combustion gas is added to the air via a combustion gas supply 5 , a combustion gas valve 6 and a mixing element 7 .
  • the resulting combustible gas-air mixture passes from an interior 11 of the burner 4 through holes (not shown) in the burner body 10 formed from perforated sheet metal into a combustion chamber 14 where the mixture is burned with the formation of flames 18 .
  • Combustion gases (exhaust gases) produced are discharged into the environment via an exhaust system 15 .
  • a control and regulation unit 8 controls or regulates the entire heating device 1 and is in particular connected to the blower 3 and the fuel gas valve 6 via control lines 9 .
  • the heat generated during combustion is transferred from the flames 18 (mainly by radiation, but possibly also by convection or turbulence and heat conduction) to the burner body 10, so that its temperature and/or its time derivative (i.e. the change in temperature per unit time ) can rise above a predeterminable threshold value during operation, which indicates an imminent flashback. This can occur in particular with low power or low volume flow of fuel/air mixture when the flames 18 are burning close to the burner body 10 .
  • the temperature in the interior 11, in particular on an inner surface 17 of the burner body 10 by means a temperature sensor 12 is measured.
  • the measured values are transmitted via a measuring line 13, which is preferably routed through a bushing 16 on the blower side to the control and regulation unit 8, with the control and regulation unit 8 recognizing when the temperature exceeds a definable threshold value (or rises faster than a corresponds to a predetermined threshold) and initiates measures to reduce the temperature of the burner body 10. To do this, it can switch off the burner 4 (i.e. at least close the fuel gas valve 6) or increase the volume flow of fuel-air mixture, which can be done by increasing the volume flow of air or air and fuel gas (then maintaining the ratio of air and fuel gas). can be done.
  • the combustible gas/air mixture can also be changed in the sense that the volume flow of combustible gas is reduced, which lowers the combustion temperature. Apart from switching off, every measure allows continued operation of the heater 1 without or with a reduced risk of a flashback.
  • the present invention allows threatening flashbacks to be detected and avoided at an early stage with simple and robust instrumentation in a burner 4 of a heating device 1 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP22156289.5A 2021-02-19 2022-02-11 Procédé et agencement destinés à empêcher un retour de flamme dans un brûleur à prémelange Withdrawn EP4047270A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021103935.5A DE102021103935A1 (de) 2021-02-19 2021-02-19 Verfahren und Anordnung zur Vermeidung eines Flammenrückschlages in einen Vormisch-Brenner

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4047270A1 true EP4047270A1 (fr) 2022-08-24

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EP22156289.5A Withdrawn EP4047270A1 (fr) 2021-02-19 2022-02-11 Procédé et agencement destinés à empêcher un retour de flamme dans un brûleur à prémelange

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4047270A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021103935A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022122811A1 (de) 2022-09-08 2024-03-14 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Heizgerätes, Computerprogramm, Regel- und Steuer-gerät, Brennstoffdurchflussregler und Heizgerät
DE102022122935A1 (de) 2022-09-09 2024-03-14 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Detektion einer Rückzündung in einem Heizgerät

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002162028A (ja) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-07 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 燃焼制御方法及び燃焼装置
WO2020183289A1 (fr) * 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Polidoro S.P.A. Capteur de température amélioré pour brûleur à gaz, et ensemble constitué desdits capteur et brûleur
WO2020197391A1 (fr) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 Bdr Thermea Group B.V. Procédé d'actionnement d'un brûleur à gaz à prémélange, brûleur à gaz à prémélange associé, et chaudière

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7849821B2 (en) 2007-04-12 2010-12-14 Rheem Manufacturing Company Burner flashback detection and system shutdown apparatus
US11953201B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2024-04-09 Clearsign Technologies Corporation Control system and method for a burner with a distal flame holder

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002162028A (ja) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-07 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 燃焼制御方法及び燃焼装置
WO2020183289A1 (fr) * 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Polidoro S.P.A. Capteur de température amélioré pour brûleur à gaz, et ensemble constitué desdits capteur et brûleur
WO2020197391A1 (fr) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 Bdr Thermea Group B.V. Procédé d'actionnement d'un brûleur à gaz à prémélange, brûleur à gaz à prémélange associé, et chaudière

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Publication number Publication date
DE102021103935A1 (de) 2022-08-25

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