EP4034719B1 - Structure and method for erecting a structure - Google Patents

Structure and method for erecting a structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4034719B1
EP4034719B1 EP20785927.3A EP20785927A EP4034719B1 EP 4034719 B1 EP4034719 B1 EP 4034719B1 EP 20785927 A EP20785927 A EP 20785927A EP 4034719 B1 EP4034719 B1 EP 4034719B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
supports
longitudinal direction
usage units
crosspieces
skeleton
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EP20785927.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP4034719C0 (en
EP4034719A1 (en
Inventor
Ivan Mallinowski
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Werk Eins GmbH
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Werk Eins GmbH
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34807Elements integrated in a skeleton
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/20Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/005Modulation co-ordination

Definitions

  • the invention firstly relates to a building with a skeleton of vertical supports, each mounted in a foundation on a subsoil, and bars attached to the supports and extending horizontally between the supports, with at least one sea container each resting directly on only two of the bars formed utility units, and attached to the skeleton accessible access routes, and supply and disposal lines from the underground to each of the utility units.
  • the invention also relates to a method for erecting such a structure.
  • FR919598 discloses a building having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to make the known building more variable.
  • the supports in a longitudinal direction of the utility units have a longitudinal grid spacing of 0.4 to 0.6 times the length of the utility units exhibit.
  • the living units then protrude by a total of 0.6 to 0.4 times their length over the bars on which they rest.
  • the utility units can be introduced particularly easily into the structure according to the invention and, if necessary, can also be removed again from the otherwise existing structure.
  • the bolts are preferably placed on brackets that project laterally on the supports.
  • the bars placed between two adjacent supports can be installed particularly easily in an existing building for a new unit to be installed, dismantled after use and reused elsewhere.
  • the supports and the bars are preferably prefabricated parts made of reinforced concrete.
  • Precast concrete columns have a foundation in which they are rigidly mounted.
  • Such finished parts are also generally known for hall construction and are available in variable dimensions at low cost.
  • the functional units of the building can be equipped and used in particular as apartments, offices, workshops, shops, restaurants and storage rooms.
  • the supports preferably have a longitudinal grid spacing transverse to a longitudinal direction of the sea containers which is 2 to 3 times the width of the sea containers.
  • a utility unit consisting of two sea containers standing next to one another and connected to one another on the longitudinal sides can be introduced between two supports.
  • the brackets in the longitudinal direction of the supports preferably have a grid spacing of 1.2 to 1.6 times the height of the sea containers.
  • a utility unit with the height of a Sea containers are introduced. If a console is "jumped over", then a service unit consisting of two or more sea containers standing one above the other and connected to one another at the top and bottom can be brought in.
  • the bars are preferably mortised to the supports.
  • the connection of the bolt to the support and thus the bolt from the support can be particularly easily detached in such a structure according to the invention if required.
  • the access routes preferably run essentially transversely to a longitudinal direction of the sea containers.
  • the access routes to the utility units are particularly short.
  • the supply and disposal lines preferably run at least in sections between two longitudinal sides of adjacent utility units arranged parallel to a longitudinal direction of the sea containers.
  • the supply and disposal lines can be concealed particularly easily.
  • the supply and disposal lines preferably run at least in sections in a channel formed in a longitudinal direction in the supports. In such a building according to the invention, the relevant sections of the supply and disposal lines are hidden.
  • the supports in a longitudinal direction of the utility units have a longitudinal grid spacing of 0.4 to 0.6 times the length of the utility units.
  • a structure according to the invention is produced with the method according to the invention. The method is therefore equally characterized by the advantages of the structure according to the invention explained above.
  • the first structure 1 has a skeleton 2 anchored to a substructure, functional units 4 lying in six storeys 3 arranged one above the other and two blocks A and B arranged one behind the other in the skeleton 2, access paths 5 and attached to the skeleton 2 between the blocks A, B Supply and disposal lines from the underground to the utility units 4.
  • the underground and the supply and disposal lines are not shown.
  • Under the first floor 3 are not shown parking spaces for cars.
  • the living units 4 are residential, office and shop units in blocks of two used sea containers (40-foot HC) arranged next to each other. In an alternative assignment, up to three sea containers can be stacked one on top of the other in a utility unit that is not shown. Up to this height, the living units 4 meet the requirements for stability in the event of a fire.
  • the skeleton 2 consists essentially of 21 vertical supports 6 and bars 7, 8 running horizontally between the supports 6:
  • the supports 6 have a rectangular cross section of 80 x 50 cm and a length 9 of 20 m and a foundation 10 with a contact area of 2.5 x 2.5 m and a height of 60 cm .
  • the bars 7, 8 have a square cross section of 30 x 30 cm .
  • the access routes 5 consist of six arcades 17 in the transverse direction 14 of the building 1, which open up the utility units 4 floor by floor, and stairwells 18 arranged laterally next to the supports 6, which open up the floors 3 from the subsoil.
  • the arcades 17 are formed from a row of adjacent and interconnected plate beams, not shown individually, with a width of 4 m , which rest on the long bars 7 in front of and between the utility units 4 .
  • the supports 6, girders 7, 8, T-beams and stairwells 18 are prefabricated from reinforced concrete and the supports 6 are pre-assembled either with electricity or with water and sewage pipes for the supply and disposal of the units 4.
  • the living units 4 are partially furnished with built-in partitions, bathrooms, built-in cupboards and appliances, lighting, and are industrially prefabricated with self-sufficient ventilation and heating.
  • the supports 6 with longitudinal grid spacing 19 of 6 m and 12 m and a transverse grid spacing 20 of 5.5 m are erected and leveled on the compacted subsoil.
  • Figure 2a shown for the first floor 3 of each utility unit 4 the short bolts 8 in the transverse direction 14 and between the blocks A, B the long bolts 7 in the longitudinal direction 11 placed on the brackets 16 and secured to the supports 6 with bolts (not shown).
  • individual utility units 4 can be removed in the longitudinal direction 11 of the structure 1 and replaced by others. Due to the longitudinal grid spacing 19 of 6 m, the utility units 4 do not tilt between the bars 7, 8 when they are removed or inserted into the building 1. Bars 7, 8 and supports 6 can also be removed, replaced, added if necessary or after the building 1 has been dismantled continue to be used.
  • figure 3 shows the maximum expansion of the first building 1 with 24 supports 6, 36 long bars 7, 120 short bars 8 and 60 utility units 4 with a single height.
  • the Figures 4a and 4b show two sections of a not shown second structure according to the invention.
  • the construction principle of the second building corresponds to the first building 1: It consists of a skeleton anchored to the ground with four supports 21 and four utility units 22, each consisting of one sea container 23 per floor 24.
  • cantilevers 27 are attached to the supports 21, on which pergolas, not shown, are placed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft zunächst ein Bauwerk mit einem Skelett aus senkrechten, in jeweils einem Fundament auf einem Untergrund gelagerten Stützen und an den Stützen angebrachten und sich waagrecht zwischen den Stützen erstreckenden Riegeln, mit auf jeweils nur zwei der Riegel unmittelbar aufliegenden, aus jeweils mindestens einem Seecontainer gebildeten Nutzeinheiten, und mit an dem Skelett angebrachten begehbaren Zuwegungen, und Ver- und Entsorgungsleitungen von dem Untergrund zu jeder der Nutzeinheiten. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Errichten eines solchen Bauwerks.The invention firstly relates to a building with a skeleton of vertical supports, each mounted in a foundation on a subsoil, and bars attached to the supports and extending horizontally between the supports, with at least one sea container each resting directly on only two of the bars formed utility units, and attached to the skeleton accessible access routes, and supply and disposal lines from the underground to each of the utility units. The invention also relates to a method for erecting such a structure.

Ein solches Bauwerk und ein Verfahren zum Errichten desselben ist von AKKA Architects, Amsterdam/NL unter der Projektbezeichnung "Living FramelWork" bekannt: Vorgeschlagen wird dort, ein Skelett aus senkrecht und waagrecht verlaufenden und miteinander verschweißten Stahlträgern zu errichten und Nutzeinheiten aus je zwei Seecontainern unmittelbar auf die waagrecht verlaufenden Riegel aufzulegen. Durch die Skelettbauweise erfüllt das bekannte Bauwerk die gesetzlichen Anforderungen an die Standfestigkeit im Brandfall.Such a building and a method for erecting it is known from AKKA Architects, Amsterdam / NL under the project name "Living FramelWork": It is proposed there to erect a skeleton made of vertically and horizontally running steel girders and welded together and service units of two sea containers each directly placed on the horizontal bars. Due to the skeleton construction, the well-known building meets the legal requirements for stability in the event of fire.

Im Hintergrund der Erfindung ist aus US 3,721,056 A ein Skelettbauverfahren bekannt, wobei Stützen und Riegel als Fertigteile aus Stahlbeton gefertigt, auf den Riegeln Bodenelemente aufgelegt und die Nutzeinheiten auf den Bodenelementen aufgebaut werden. DE 32 08 302 A1 offenbart ein Bauwerk aus übereinander gestapelten und miteinander verschraubten Seecontainern.In the background of the invention is off US 3,721,056 A a skeleton construction method is known, with supports and beams being manufactured as prefabricated parts made of reinforced concrete, floor elements being placed on the beams and the utility units being built up on the floor elements. DE 32 08 302 A1 reveals a structure made of sea containers stacked on top of one another and screwed together.

FR919598 offenbart ein Bauwerk mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Anspruchs 1. FR919598 discloses a building having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

AufgabeTask

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das bekannte Bauwerk variabler zu gestalten.The object of the invention is to make the known building more variable.

LösungSolution

Ausgehend von dem bekannten Bauwerk wird nach der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, dass die Stützen in einer Längsrichtung der Nutzeinheiten einen Längsrasterabstand mit dem 0,4- bis 0,6-fachen einer Länge der Nutzeinheiten aufweisen. Die Nutzeinheiten kragen dann mit dem insgesamt 0,6- bis 0,4-fachen ihrer Länge über die Riegel aus, auf denen sie aufliegen. In das erfindungsgemäße Bauwerk können die Nutzeinheiten besonders einfach eingebracht - und bedarfsweise auch aus dem ansonsten weiter bestehenden Bauwerk wieder entnommen werden.Based on the known building, it is proposed according to the invention that the supports in a longitudinal direction of the utility units have a longitudinal grid spacing of 0.4 to 0.6 times the length of the utility units exhibit. The living units then protrude by a total of 0.6 to 0.4 times their length over the bars on which they rest. The utility units can be introduced particularly easily into the structure according to the invention and, if necessary, can also be removed again from the otherwise existing structure.

Vorzugsweise werden in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk die Riegel auf an den Stützen seitlich auskragende Konsolen aufgelegt. Die zwischen zwei benachbarten Stützen aufgelegten Riegel lassen sich besonders einfach in einem bestehenden Bauwerk für eine neu anzubringende Nutzeinheit montieren, nach dessen Nutzung demontieren und an anderer Stelle neu einsetzen.In a structure according to the invention, the bolts are preferably placed on brackets that project laterally on the supports. The bars placed between two adjacent supports can be installed particularly easily in an existing building for a new unit to be installed, dismantled after use and reused elsewhere.

Vorzugsweise sind in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk die Stützen und die Riegel Fertigteile aus Stahlbeton. Stützen aus Fertigbeton weisen ein Fundament auf, in dem sie biegesteif gelagert sind. Im Gegensatz zu Stahlkonstruktionen sind aufwändige Aussteifungen in der weiteren Konstruktion entbehrlich. Solche Fertigteile sind zudem für den Hallenbau allgemein bekannt und zu geringen Kosten in variablen Abmessungen verfügbar.In a structure according to the invention, the supports and the bars are preferably prefabricated parts made of reinforced concrete. Precast concrete columns have a foundation in which they are rigidly mounted. In contrast to steel constructions, there is no need for complex reinforcements in the further construction. Such finished parts are also generally known for hall construction and are available in variable dimensions at low cost.

Die Nutzeinheiten des Bauwerks können insbesondere als Wohnungen, Büros, Werkstätten, Ladenlokale, Restaurants und Lagerräume ausgestattet sein und genutzt werden.The functional units of the building can be equipped and used in particular as apartments, offices, workshops, shops, restaurants and storage rooms.

Vorzugsweise weisen in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk die Stützen quer zu einer Längsrichtung der Seecontainer einen Längsrasterabstand mit dem 2- bis 3-fachen einer Breite der Seecontainer auf. In einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk kann zwischen zwei Stützen eine Nutzeinheit aus zwei nebeneinander stehenden, an den Längsseiten miteinander verbundenen Seecontainern eingebracht werden.In a structure according to the invention, the supports preferably have a longitudinal grid spacing transverse to a longitudinal direction of the sea containers which is 2 to 3 times the width of the sea containers. In such a structure according to the invention, a utility unit consisting of two sea containers standing next to one another and connected to one another on the longitudinal sides can be introduced between two supports.

Vorzugsweise weisen in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk die Konsolen in Längsrichtung der Stützen einen Rasterabstand mit dem 1,2- bis 1,6-fachen einer Höhe der Seecontainer auf. In einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk kann zwischen zwei benachbarten Konsolen eine Nutzeinheit mit der Höhe eines Seecontainers eingebracht werden. Wird eine Konsole "übersprungen", dann kann eine Nutzeinheit aus zwei oder mehr übereinander stehenden, an Decke und Boden miteinander verbundenen Seecontainern eingebracht werden.In a structure according to the invention, the brackets in the longitudinal direction of the supports preferably have a grid spacing of 1.2 to 1.6 times the height of the sea containers. In such a building according to the invention between two adjacent consoles a utility unit with the height of a Sea containers are introduced. If a console is "jumped over", then a service unit consisting of two or more sea containers standing one above the other and connected to one another at the top and bottom can be brought in.

Vorzugsweise sind in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk die Riegel mit den Stützen verzapft. Die Verbindung des Riegels mit der Stütze und damit der Riegel von der Stütze lässt sich in einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk bei Bedarf besonders einfach lösen.In a structure according to the invention, the bars are preferably mortised to the supports. The connection of the bolt to the support and thus the bolt from the support can be particularly easily detached in such a structure according to the invention if required.

Vorzugsweise verlaufen in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk die Zuwegungen im Wesentlichen quer zu einer Längsrichtung der Seecontainer. In einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk sind die Zuwege zu den Nutzeinheiten besonders kurz.In a structure according to the invention, the access routes preferably run essentially transversely to a longitudinal direction of the sea containers. In such a building according to the invention, the access routes to the utility units are particularly short.

Vorzugsweise verlaufen in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk die Ver- und Entsorgungsleitungen mindestens abschnittsweise zwischen zwei parallel zu einer Längsrichtung der Seecontainer angeordneten Längsseiten benachbarter Nutzeinheiten. In einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk lassen sich die Ver- und Entsorgungsleitungen besonders leicht kaschieren.In a structure according to the invention, the supply and disposal lines preferably run at least in sections between two longitudinal sides of adjacent utility units arranged parallel to a longitudinal direction of the sea containers. In such a structure according to the invention, the supply and disposal lines can be concealed particularly easily.

Vorzugsweise verlaufen in einem erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk die Ver- und Entsorgungsleitungen mindestens abschnittsweise in einem in einer Längsrichtung in den Stützen ausgebildeten Kanal. In einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerk sind die betreffenden Abschnitte der Ver- und Entsorgungsleitungen verborgen.In a structure according to the invention, the supply and disposal lines preferably run at least in sections in a channel formed in a longitudinal direction in the supports. In such a building according to the invention, the relevant sections of the supply and disposal lines are hidden.

Ausgehend von dem bekannten Verfahren wird nach der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, dass die Stützen in einer Längsrichtung der Nutzeinheiten einen Längsrasterabstand mit dem 0,4- bis 0,6-fachen einer Länge der Nutzeinheiten aufweisen. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird ein erfindungsgemäßes Bauwerk hergestellt. Das Verfahren zeichnet sich daher gleichermaßen durch die vorstehend erläuterten Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerks aus.Proceeding from the known method, it is proposed according to the invention that the supports in a longitudinal direction of the utility units have a longitudinal grid spacing of 0.4 to 0.6 times the length of the utility units. A structure according to the invention is produced with the method according to the invention. The method is therefore equally characterized by the advantages of the structure according to the invention explained above.

Ausführungsbeispieleexemplary embodiments

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
ein erstes erfindungsgemäßes Bauwerk,
Fig. 2a/b
zwei Details des ersten Bauwerks,
Fig. 3
einen Endausbau des ersten Bauwerks und
Fig. 4a/b
zwei Details eines zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerks.
The invention is explained below using exemplary embodiments. Show it
1
a first structure according to the invention,
2a/b
two details of the first building,
3
a final completion of the first structure and
4a/b
two details of a second structure according to the invention.

Das in Figur 1 gezeigte erste erfindungsgemäße Bauwerk 1 weist ein an einem Untergrund verankertes Skelett 2, in sechs übereinander angeordneten Etagen 3 und zwei hintereinander angeordneten Blöcken A und B in dem Skelett 2 liegende Nutzeinheiten 4, an dem Skelett 2 zwischen den Blöcken A, B angebrachte Zuwegungen 5 und Ver- und Entsorgungsleitungen von dem Untergrund zu den Nutzeinheiten 4 auf. Der Untergrund sowie die Ver- und Entsorgungsleitungen sind nicht dargestellt. Unter der ersten Etage 3 befinden sich nicht dargestellte Stellplätze für PKW.This in figure 1 The first structure 1 according to the invention shown has a skeleton 2 anchored to a substructure, functional units 4 lying in six storeys 3 arranged one above the other and two blocks A and B arranged one behind the other in the skeleton 2, access paths 5 and attached to the skeleton 2 between the blocks A, B Supply and disposal lines from the underground to the utility units 4. The underground and the supply and disposal lines are not shown. Under the first floor 3 are not shown parking spaces for cars.

Die Nutzeinheiten 4 sind Wohn-, Büro- und Ladeneinheiten in Blocks aus je zwei nebeneinander angeordneten gebrauchten Seecontainern (40-Fuß HC). In einer alternativen Belegung können in einer nicht dargestellten Nutzeinheiten bis zu drei Seecontainer aufeinander gestapelt werden. Bis zu dieser Höhe erfüllen die Nutzeinheiten 4 die Anforderungen an die Stabilität im Brandfall.The living units 4 are residential, office and shop units in blocks of two used sea containers (40-foot HC) arranged next to each other. In an alternative assignment, up to three sea containers can be stacked one on top of the other in a utility unit that is not shown. Up to this height, the living units 4 meet the requirements for stability in the event of a fire.

Das Skelett 2 besteht im Wesentlichen aus 21 senkrechten Stützen 6 und waagrecht zwischen den Stützen 6 verlaufenden Riegeln 7, 8: Die Stützen 6 weisen einen rechteckigen Querschnitt von 80 x 50 cm und eine Länge 9 von 20 m sowie ein Fundament 10 mit einer Aufstandsfläche von 2,5 x 2,5 m und einer Höhe von 60 cm auf. Die Riegel 7, 8 weisen einen quadratischen Querschnitt von 30 x 30 cm auf.The skeleton 2 consists essentially of 21 vertical supports 6 and bars 7, 8 running horizontally between the supports 6: The supports 6 have a rectangular cross section of 80 x 50 cm and a length 9 of 20 m and a foundation 10 with a contact area of 2.5 x 2.5 m and a height of 60 cm . The bars 7, 8 have a square cross section of 30 x 30 cm .

In Längsrichtung 11 des Bauwerks 1 und der Seecontainer sind 36 lange Riegel 7 mit einer Länge 12 von 12 m zwischen den Blöcken A, B und 68 kurze Riegel 8 mit einer Länge 13 von 5,5 m in Querrichtung des Bauwerks 1 angeordnet. An den Schmalseiten der Stützen 6 sind in einem vertikalen Rasterabstand 15 von 3,4 m seitlich auskragende Konsolen 16 angeformt. Jede Stütze 6 weist jeweils einen nicht dargestellten, über die gesamte Länge durchgehenden Kanal für die Ver- und Entsorgungsleitungen auf. Die Nutzeinheiten 4 liegen in der Längsrichtung 11 des Bauwerks 1 auf je zwei der kurzen Riegel 8 derart auf, dass sie vorn und hinten um jeweils etwa 1 m über diese auskragen und sind an die Ver- und Entsorgungsleitungen in den angrenzenden Stützen 6 angeschlossen.In the longitudinal direction 11 of the building 1 and the sea container 36 long bars 7 with a length 12 of 12 m between the blocks A, B and 68 short bars 8 with a length 13 of 5.5 m are arranged in the transverse direction of the building 1. To the Narrow sides of the supports 6 are formed in a vertical grid spacing 15 of 3.4 m laterally cantilevered brackets 16. Each support 6 has a non-illustrated continuous channel for the supply and disposal lines over the entire length. The utility units 4 lie in the longitudinal direction 11 of the building 1 on two of the short bars 8 in such a way that they project about 1 m over them at the front and rear and are connected to the supply and disposal lines in the adjacent supports 6.

Die Zuwegungen 5 bestehen aus sechs Laubengängen 17 in Querrichtung 14 des Bauwerks 1, die etagenweise die Nutzeinheiten 4 erschließen, und aus seitlich neben den Stützen 6 angeordneten Treppenhäusern 18, die die Etagen 3 vom Untergrund her erschließen. Die Laubengänge 17 sind aus in einer Reihe aneinander anschließenden und miteinander verbundenen, nicht einzeln dargestellten Plattenbalken mit einer Breite von 4 m gebildet, die auf den langen Riegeln 7 vor und zwischen den Nutzeinheiten 4 aufliegen.The access routes 5 consist of six arcades 17 in the transverse direction 14 of the building 1, which open up the utility units 4 floor by floor, and stairwells 18 arranged laterally next to the supports 6, which open up the floors 3 from the subsoil. The arcades 17 are formed from a row of adjacent and interconnected plate beams, not shown individually, with a width of 4 m , which rest on the long bars 7 in front of and between the utility units 4 .

Zur Herstellung des ersten Bauwerks 1 werden zunächst die Stützen 6, Riegel 7, 8, Plattenbalken und Treppenhäuser 18 aus Stahlbeton industriell vorgefertigt und die Stützen 6 entweder mit Strom- oder mit Wasser- und Abwasserleitungen zur Ver- und Entsorgung der Nutzeinheiten 4 vorkonfektioniert. Die Nutzeinheiten 4 werden teilmöbliert mit eingebauten Trennwänden, Bädern, Einbauschränken und -geräten, Beleuchtung, und mit autarker Lüftung und Heizung industriell vorgefertigt.To produce the first structure 1, the supports 6, girders 7, 8, T-beams and stairwells 18 are prefabricated from reinforced concrete and the supports 6 are pre-assembled either with electricity or with water and sewage pipes for the supply and disposal of the units 4. The living units 4 are partially furnished with built-in partitions, bathrooms, built-in cupboards and appliances, lighting, and are industrially prefabricated with self-sufficient ventilation and heating.

An dem Bauplatz werden zunächst die Stützen 6 mit Längsrasterabständen 19 von 6 m und 12 m und einem Querrasterabstand 20 von 5,5 m auf dem verdichteten Untergrund aufgerichtet und nivelliert. Dann werden wie in Figur 2a dargestellt für die erste Etage 3 jeder Nutzeinheit 4 die kurzen Riegel 8 in Querrichtung 14 und zwischen den Blöcken A, B die langen Riegel 7 in Längsrichtung 11 auf die Konsolen 16 aufgelegt und mit nicht dargestellten Bolzen an den Stützen 6 gesichert.At the construction site, the supports 6 with longitudinal grid spacing 19 of 6 m and 12 m and a transverse grid spacing 20 of 5.5 m are erected and leveled on the compacted subsoil. Then as in Figure 2a shown for the first floor 3 of each utility unit 4, the short bolts 8 in the transverse direction 14 and between the blocks A, B the long bolts 7 in the longitudinal direction 11 placed on the brackets 16 and secured to the supports 6 with bolts (not shown).

Anschließend werden wie in Figur 2b dargestellt in den Blöcken A, B auf die kurzen Riegel 8 die Nutzeinheiten 4 und zwischen den Blöcken A, B auf die langen Riegel 7 die Plattenbalken für den Laubengang 17 der ersten Etage 3 aufgelegt. Die Nutzeinheiten 4 werden vorn an die in der jeweils benachbarten Stütze 6 verlaufenden Stromleitungen und hinten an die in der jeweils benachbarten Stütze 6 verlaufenden Wasser- und Abwasserleitungen angeschlossen. Dann werden darüber die weiteren Etagen 3 entsprechend hergestellt. Schließlich werden die Treppenhäuser 18 aufgerichtet und an die Laubengänge 17 angeschlossen.Subsequently, as in Figure 2b shown in the blocks A, B on the short bars 8 the utility units 4 and between the blocks A, B on the long bar 7 the T-beams for the arcade 17 of the first floor 3 placed. The utility units 4 are connected at the front to the power lines running in the respective adjacent support 6 and at the rear to the water and sewage lines running in the respective adjacent support 6 . Then the other floors 3 are made accordingly. Finally, the staircases 18 are erected and connected to the arcades 17.

Bei einer Nutzungsänderung während der Lebensdauer des Bauwerks 1 können einzelne Nutzeinheiten 4 in der Längsrichtung 11 des Bauwerks 1 entnommen und durch andere ersetzt werden. Durch den Längsrasterabstand 19 von 6 m kippen die Nutzeinheiten 4 beim Entnehmen oder Einfügen in das Bauwerk 1 nicht zwischen die Riegel 7, 8. Ebenso können Riegel 7, 8 und Stützen 6 entnommen, ersetzt, bei Bedarf ergänzt oder nach einem Abbau des Bauwerks 1 weiter verwendet werden.In the event of a change in use during the life of the structure 1, individual utility units 4 can be removed in the longitudinal direction 11 of the structure 1 and replaced by others. Due to the longitudinal grid spacing 19 of 6 m, the utility units 4 do not tilt between the bars 7, 8 when they are removed or inserted into the building 1. Bars 7, 8 and supports 6 can also be removed, replaced, added if necessary or after the building 1 has been dismantled continue to be used.

Figur 3 zeigt den maximalen Ausbau des ersten Bauwerks 1 mit 24 Stützen 6, 36 langen Riegeln 7, 120 kurzen Riegeln 8 und 60 Nutzeinheiten 4 mit einfacher Höhe. figure 3 shows the maximum expansion of the first building 1 with 24 supports 6, 36 long bars 7, 120 short bars 8 and 60 utility units 4 with a single height.

Die Figuren 4a und 4b zeigen zwei Schnitte eines nicht weiter dargestellten zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerks. Das Bauprinzip des zweiten Bauwerks entspricht dem ersten Bauwerk 1: Es besteht aus an einem am Untergrund verankerten Skelett mit vier Stützen 21 und vier Nutzeinheiten 22 aus je einem Seecontainer 23 je Etage 24. Die Riegel 25, auf denen die Nutzeinheiten 22 aufliegen, kragen über die Stützen 21 hinaus aus, so dass zwei der Nutzeinheiten 22 zwischen den Stützen 21 und zwei weitere außerhalb der Stützen 21 aufgelegt werden können.The Figures 4a and 4b show two sections of a not shown second structure according to the invention. The construction principle of the second building corresponds to the first building 1: It consists of a skeleton anchored to the ground with four supports 21 and four utility units 22, each consisting of one sea container 23 per floor 24. The bars 25, on which the utility units 22 rest, overhang the supports 21 out, so that two of the utility units 22 can be placed between the supports 21 and two more outside of the supports 21.

An der Eingangsseite 26 der Nutzeinheiten 22 sind Kragarme 27 an den Stützen 21 angebracht, auf denen nicht dargestellte Laubengänge aufgelegt werden.On the input side 26 of the utility units 22, cantilevers 27 are attached to the supports 21, on which pergolas, not shown, are placed.

In den Figuren sind

1
Bauwerk
2
Skelett
A
Block
B
Block
3
Etage
4
Nutzeinheit
5
Zuwegung
6
Stütze
7
langer Riegel
8
kurzer Riegel
9
Länge
10
Fundament
11
Längsrichtung
12
Länge
13
Länge
14
Querrichtung
15
vertikaler Rasterabstand
16
Konsole
17
Laubengang
18
Treppenhaus
19
Längsrasterabstand
20
Querrasterabstand
21
Stütze
22
Nutzeinheit
23
Seecontainer
24
Etage
25
Riegel
26
Eingangsseite
27
Kragarm
In the figures are
1
structure
2
skeleton
A
block
B
block
3
floor
4
utility unit
5
access
6
support
7
long bar
8th
short latch
9
length
10
foundation
11
longitudinal direction
12
length
13
length
14
transverse direction
15
vertical grid spacing
16
console
17
pergola
18
staircase
19
Longitudinal grid spacing
20
cross grid spacing
21
support
22
utility unit
23
sea container
24
floor
25
bars
26
entry page
27
cantilever

Claims (10)

  1. Structure (1) with a skeleton (2) consisting of vertical supports (6, 21), each mounted in a foundation on a base, and crosspieces (8, 25) attached to the supports (6, 21) and extending horizontally between the supports (6, 21), with usage units (4, 22) resting directly on only two of the crosspieces (8, 25) in each case and each formed from at least one sea container (23), and with accessible access routes (5) and supply and disposal lines from the base to each of the usage units (4, 22) attached to the skeleton (2), characterized in that the supports (6, 21) have a longitudinal grid spacing (19) in a longitudinal direction (11) of the usage units (4, 22) with 0.4 to 0.6 times a length of the usage units (4, 22).
  2. Structure (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the crosspieces (8, 25) rest on brackets (16) protruding laterally from the supports (6, 21).
  3. Structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supports (6, 21) and the crosspieces (8, 25) are finished parts made of reinforced concrete.
  4. Structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supports (6, 21) have a longitudinal grid spacing (19) transverse to a longitudinal direction (11) of the sea containers (23) with 2 to 3 times a width of the sea containers (23).
  5. Structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brackets (16) have a grid spacing (15) with 1.2 to 1.6 times a height of the sea containers (23) in the longitudinal direction of the supports (6, 21).
  6. Structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the crosspieces (8, 25) are mortised to the supports (6, 21).
  7. Structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the access routes (5) run substantially transverse to a longitudinal direction (11) of the sea containers (23).
  8. Structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply and disposal lines run at least in sections between two longitudinal sides, arranged parallel to a longitudinal direction (11) of the sea containers (23), of adjacent usage units (4, 22).
  9. Structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply and disposal lines run at least in sections in a channel formed in a longitudinal direction in the supports (6, 21).
  10. Method for erecting a structure (1), wherein initially a skeleton (2) is erected, by vertical supports (6, 21) each being mounted in a foundation on a base, and then horizontal crosspieces (8, 25) being attached between the supports (6, 21) and then usage units (4, 22) each formed from at least one sea container (23) being placed directly on only two of the crosspieces (8, 25) in each case, and wherein access routes (5) and supply and disposal lines from the base to each of the usage units (4, 22) are attached to the skeleton (2), characterized in that the supports (6, 21) have a longitudinal grid spacing (19) in a longitudinal direction (11) of the usage units (4, 22) with 0.4 to 0.6 times a length of the usage units (4, 22).
EP20785927.3A 2019-09-27 2020-09-25 Structure and method for erecting a structure Active EP4034719B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019126126.0A DE102019126126A1 (en) 2019-09-27 2019-09-27 Structure and method of erecting a structure
PCT/EP2020/076977 WO2021058781A1 (en) 2019-09-27 2020-09-25 Structure and method for erecting a structure

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EP4034719C0 EP4034719C0 (en) 2023-08-23
EP4034719B1 true EP4034719B1 (en) 2023-08-23

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EP (1) EP4034719B1 (en)
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USD1012322S1 (en) * 2021-07-22 2024-01-23 Mccleskey Professional Services Mausoleum
IT202100029348A1 (en) * 2021-11-19 2023-05-19 Spatti Ingegneria S R L PREFABRICATED STRUCTURE, PREFABRICATED MODULE
US20230160196A1 (en) * 2021-11-23 2023-05-25 Optima, Inc. Modular habitable structures, and associated systems and methods
US11773583B1 (en) * 2022-12-09 2023-10-03 Admares Group Oy Building unit, method for manufacturing building unit and building

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR919598A (en) * 1945-09-20 1947-03-12 Construction of investment buildings, with one or more floors
FR2035121B1 (en) * 1969-03-20 1976-01-16 Yawata Iron Steel Co Ja
US3641720A (en) * 1969-11-06 1972-02-15 Omnico Systems Int Prefabricated building construction with interfitting stud splines
US3721056A (en) * 1970-09-03 1973-03-20 Warner Vertical modular construction having insertable units
US4059931A (en) * 1976-01-29 1977-11-29 Mongan William T Building framing system for post-tensioned modular building structures
DE3208302A1 (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-23 Robert Haefelfinger Arrangement for living or other useful purposes
US8117290B2 (en) * 2005-07-25 2012-02-14 Cisco Technology, Inc. Simple home networking
US9663937B2 (en) * 2007-06-07 2017-05-30 Gary B. Goldman Modular housing and method of installation in a structural framework
ES2333636B1 (en) * 2008-10-10 2011-03-11 Angel Moreno Cano PRE-MANUFACTURED SEMIRRESISTENT MODULE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND PROCEDURE ASSEMBLY ON THE WORK OF THE SAME.
KR20160017842A (en) * 2014-08-06 2016-02-17 삼성물산 주식회사 The complex construction method of building using precast concrete frame and room type cavin unit

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US20220213678A1 (en) 2022-07-07
WO2021058781A1 (en) 2021-04-01
EP4034719A1 (en) 2022-08-03
DE102019126126A1 (en) 2021-04-01

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