DE3208302A1 - Arrangement for living or other useful purposes - Google Patents

Abstract

At least two of the known shipping containers (1, 2) are stacked on top of one another, screwed together at the points (17) provided and supplemented by arranging further containers side by side or stacking them to form residential blocks. Each such residential block has at least two access containers which contain the required stairs (16) and allow horizontal and vertical access to all the living containers. The door wings (9, 10) provided on a container end wall are opened, secured by spacers (14) and serve as supports for a balcony (11, 12). The arrangement is envisaged as emergency accommodation, in particular for use in a disaster or as a temporary building. It is easy to transport and is therefore immediately available, and it can be insulated easily and cheaply against heat losses, is earthquake-proof, self-supporting and stackable. <IMAGE>

Description

Arrangement for residential or other uses

Arrangement for no-use or other use The present invention concerns an arrangement for residential or other uses, with at least two commercial shipping containers with a rectangular floor plan, each shipping container has a floor, a ceiling, two end walls and two longitudinal walls and one of the two end walls is designed as a double-leaf door.

It is known that shipping containers that are in the German-speaking area Also referred to as sea containers, temporarily-for the creation of makeshift Have utility rooms, e.g. building barracks, used. So far, the containers have become this Purpose brought in place individually, if necessary with one or more Windows provided and furnished accordingly. For the provisional, i.e. mostly This procedure was definitely used when the containers were only used for a few weeks useful.

Now, in connection with disaster relief operations, e.g. after major earthquakes, shown that the use of such containers for residential and other uses is not only extremely inexpensive, but also practical Site offers great advantages and is very much appreciated by the residents because of it offer a living comfort for example with good heat insulation, the is far superior to that of a tent or caravan. The creation of larger, multi-container housing estates, however, encounter difficulties because the container on the one hand for reasons of space saving, heat insulation and the mutual development should be arranged directly next to each other, but then the arrangement of the daylight exposed windows on the long side is no longer possible .. In the long run, it is also unsatisfactory for the residents and unreasonable that the access stairs or ladders of the higher container lie outside the same and are therefore constantly exposed to the effects of the weather are.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to use known shipping container, i.e.

ISO (International Standardization Organization) containers of 6 and 12 m standard length for residential and other use so to propose that several containers can be arranged horizontally next to each other as well as vertically one above the other can and thus space cells, which can be in the form of, building elements without any problems Can be placed side by side and on top of each other and still provide optimal access of the individual apartments or rooms housed in the containers. This was achieved by the invention defined in independent claim 1.

An exemplary embodiment is shown below with reference to the accompanying drawing the invention including some design variants explained.

Fig. 1 is a simplified perspective view of two on top of each other arranged access container, Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the first Upper floor a container arrangement, Fig. 3 is a section along the line III-III in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a horizontal section at the level of the first Obergeschos.ses one Embodiment variant, Fig. 5 is a section along the line V-V in Fig. 4, Fig. Figure 6 is a section of an insulated container, Figures t and 8 illustrate that Formation of the wall insulation on the basis of detail cuts, which follow the line VII-VII in Fig. 6, Fig. 9 illustrates in perspective a possibility of Mutual Fixation of Adjacent Containers Fig. 10 is a plan view to the coupling member used in this case and, FIGS. 11 and 12 show in a simplified manner Perspective representations of the connection area between adjacent containers.

Fig. 1 shows in a simplified form two arranged one above the other Containers, which are designated in their entirety with 1 and 2, respectively. Both containers correspond in their basic design to the known, commercially available ones Ship or sea containers and therefore do not need to be described in detail will. Each of these containers comprises a floor 3, a ceiling 4, two End walls 5 and 6, as well as two longitudinal walls 7 and 8. In one end wall 5 each of the two Container will leave the existing two-winged door, the two wings of which are 9 and 10 stand monkeys in extension of the longitudinal walls of the container, i.

Form an angle of about 90 ° with the corresponding end walls. On the lower two wings is a floor 11 and a breast, ung-. 12 arranged, so that a walk-in balcony is created for the upper floor through a canopy 13 can be covered. The two wings 9 and 10 of the existing container door each floor are by two spacers 14 in their mutual Location held. These spacer bearings each have a wing spanning from above U-bracket on, whereby the two U-brackets are connected to one another by a profile iron are.

The - between the two lower container Iarflugeln 9 and 10 located Room, which is designated in Fig. 1 with 15, can be viewed as a covered forecourt will. The two in Fig. 1 visible end faces of the two containers, which by fixing the door leaves 9 and 10 are open, in this embodiment provided with additional doors. The lower door serves as an entrance for the two containers, while the upper door closes the upper container space opposite the balcony forms.

As can also be seen from Fig. 1, the.

Ceiling 4 of the lower container 1 and the floor 3 of the upper container 2. perforated roughly in the middle area, so that an opening for a staircase 16 arises. Further details about the room layout of the container are provided from the figures to be described below. In connection with FIG. 1 However, it should be noted that the containers lying on top of one another are attached to the with 53 designated locations are fixed to one another, as will be described below.

Figures 2 and 3 show in the horizontal or

Vertical section one of the many possible designs a residential complex composed of shipping containers. The middle block of flats consists of a total of nine containers, of which those visible in the drawing are included 17 to 21 are designated. As the plan according to FIG. 2 shows, the containers are 17 and 19, as well as the containers arranged on these orientated the same while the entrances or balcony side of the container 18 and the container located above it 20 and 21 are oriented in opposite directions. The middle ones, labeled 18, 20 and 21 Containers are so-called "access containers" within the scope of the present invention, which the horizontal and vertical development of the adjacent or. located above Allow further containers.

According to Fig. 3, the entrance of the dargestell th apartment block is on the open end face of the container 18 provided in the direction of arrow 22, wherein the other usable spaces via the stairs 23, 24, 25 and the wall openings 26 and 27 (Fig. 2) can be reached.

As Figures 2 and 3 show, each container is through a middle, the staircase containing access area E divided so that on both sides of the access area E each has a usable space N.

In Figures 2 and 3, the windows and doors are each marked with F and T denotes. It can be seen that each usable space N either through a window F or is supplied with light by a door T, the doors T in this case as Glass doors are trained. The upper floors are each with balcony parapets B equipped; the canopies V on the top floor are preferred also designed to be translucent.

As can also be seen from Figures 2 and 3, laterally adjoin the described. Block of flats further containers 28, 29, etc., these also again are grouped together to form apartment blocks, which can be accessed via centrally arranged access let the container enter. In the spaces between neighboring apartment blocks the total of 30 designated chimneys or house connections are arranged, the thus extend upwards in the vertical direction over the respective wall and their connection with the individual floors realized with relatively simple means can be.

It is clear to the person skilled in the art that access containers and the these adjacent utility containers can be combined in a variety of ways. One of these numerous possibilities is again shown schematically in FIGS shown. The one chosen as an exemplary embodiment. Apartment block consists of three floors four containers each. The containers on the first floor, their sectional view Fig. 4 shows, are designated there by 31, 32, 33 and 314, while the above of the input container 32 located container with 35 and 36 were designated. Furthermore, as FIG. 4 shows, the adjacent wall panels of the two Containers 33 and 314 removed and replaced by vertical supports 37. These pods men thus takes on a stiffening function instead of distant I.ängswcinde and are preferably made of welded steel profiles. To this Way is created by merging the two. Containers 33 and 34 a relative large room used, for example, as a classroom for teaching purposes can be. If more space is required, three or more containers could also be used in this way can be combined into a single room.

In this case, all containers are oriented in the same way, i.e. their balcony parapets B are on the same side. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment According to Figures 2 and 3, the access areas E of the three access containers 32, 35 and 36 (FIG. 5), however, not in the middle area of the container, but in the edge area of a 12 m long container, so that here at every access area E a usable space N adjoins. Access to the lower access area E is in Direction of arrow 38, while all other Container.über the stairs 39, as well as doors T are accessible. House connections and chimney 30 can turn in the space be placed between adjacent blocks. In the embodiment according to Figure 4 and 5 is on the outer longitudinal wall of the lower container 314 a Installation zone 40 attached, which, for example, water connections, furnace, fuse boxes etc. may contain.

It would also be possible to have a separate one for the access area 6 m container (total length 6 m) should be used, so that only the stairs and one associated handling.

The connection points 30 arranged outside the living rooms are in the selected embodiment easily accessible from both sides, so that Maintenance and repair work can be carried out with little effort can. The adjacent block of flats, designated 41 in FIG. 4, is preferred compared to the already beschrieberlen by a dimension a in the longitudinal direction the container moved.

A simplified vertical section through a heat-insulated base container 6 shows. Below the container ceiling 42 there is accordingly an intermediate ceiling 43 moved in. Through 'openings 45, which are arranged in both end walls of the container are, air can thus circulate in the space 44. The possibly falling condensate is discharged through an opening 46.

The cross-section of the thermally insulated container wall shows from the inside to the outside, a wall cladding 47, which for example made of chipboard or Täferriemen consists, a horizontal counter battens 48, as well as a heat insulating Layer 49 with vapor barrier or vapor barrier 49a, which by a rafter battens 50 is held. The whole thing is outwardly through the sheet steel jacket 51 of the container closed.

The frontal, designated in Fig. 6 with 52 frames are as Hollow profiles formed, to which the outside air through the openings 45 also Has access. If the thermal insulation according to FIG. 7 is selected, the holes 45 of the end frame profile 52 arranged so that in each case a hole in front one of the intermediate spaces 53 (FIG. 7).

The type of insulation described is known to the person skilled in the art as a cold roof construct ion 'known.

Another option for wall insulation is shown in the detailed section according to Fig. 8. The entire insulation is here as a prefabricated sandwich insulation panel 54 formed and glued onto the container wall 56, wherein the Glue points are marked with L. The sandwich panel 94 has a plastic inner wall 5, 6, a vapor barrier 57 (e.g. aluminum foil) and the insulation layer 58.

The channels 59 formed by the container wall are used for ventilation.

The advantage of this arrangement is that the prefabricated Plate can be attached much faster and with less effort, since the entire fastening process only requires gluing. The dew point lies within the insulation mass, so that no condensation water occurs. Depending on the location of the access areas With the arrangement according to the invention, the most varied of combinations can be made of utility rooms, e.g. bedrooms, dining rooms, craft rooms, etc. In the middle Arrangement of an access area according to Fig; 2 can, for example, be a utility room a one-room apartment ,. the one on the opposite side of the access area lying: Jutzraum can be a single room. Both have direct incidence of daylight on the front.

The ones described are likely to be prefabricated emergency shelters Container arrangements, especially in disaster operations and for emergency housing and utility rooms of all kinds (provisional space for shops, offices, etc. for renovations, Social centers, hospitals, schools, etc.) have proven their worth, as they are not only inexpensive, Thanks to ISO standards, it can be easily transported anywhere with trucks, trains and ships and are therefore immediately ready for use, but also compared to the known emergency shelters have a long lifespan of approximately 20 to 30 years .. Other advantages of the inventive container Arrangements are in their earthquake security as well as in the possibility of uncomplicated and cheap thermal insulation, the standard Creation of self-supporting construction and stackability. When transporting to The living containers can be used fully furnished and at new locations even use it for the transport of any relief supplies.

Compared to the standard living containers that are placed individually the described container arrangement also offers a whole block of flats the following advantages: - greater usability of the available plots, - lower development costs for connections such as water, electricity, gas and Sewerage, - flexibility in the arrangement of rooms for large families, - versatile and more pleasing architectural design (the location impression of the individual container will be eliminated).

If the containers are not offset according to Fig. 2 but are arranged in such a way that that their end faces are practically in a vertical plane, so is for their mutual fixation the device shown in Figs. 9 and 10 is used.

Fig. 9 shows in a simplified manner the abutment area of 4 containers, which in pairs next to each other and in pairs on top of each other. Everyone with 60, 61, 62 and 63 designated container has, as is known to those skilled in the art, one at each corner massive coupling block 64 intended to take up weight when stacking, the in technical jargon "Corner fitting" is called. Everyone Coupling block 64 is provided with bores 65 running transversely to one another.

If you now push the containers 60 - 63 together (Fig. 9), that the coupling blocks 64 adjacent containers touch, so let all four containers are fixed with the aid of a single coupling member 66.

The latter has a coupling plate 67 with which two fixing cams 68/69 are welded. Since the shape of the bores 65 that of the fixing cams 68/69 is adapted, the bores 65 are accordingly designed as elongated holes, leave the fixing cams, as shown in FIG. 9, are inserted so that their lower halves in the holes of the container 60/63, the upper. Halves in the holes of the Container 6.1 / 62 protrude. So that the containers are with respect to mutual displacement anchored within a block of flats. The fixing cams could be in can be varied in many ways.

A possibility of fixing two containers lying one on top of the other will be described below with reference to Figs. As these figures show each of the containers designated here with C has a corner fitting in its corner area 64, which is designed as a hollow body and elongated hole-shaped on its side surfaces, has continuous recesses 71. The fixation of the two superimposed Container is now made by a coupling plate 72, which is screwed 70, nuts 73 and washers 74 is screwed to the two corner fittings 64.

Since the corner fittings 64 from the inside in many cases, in particular in the abutment area of four neighboring containers, which are difficult to access, was made for the Attachment of the screws 70 developed a special device. Accordingly according to each of the screws 70 is rigidly connected to two fixing cams 70a and 70b. the Height H of the larger fixing cam 70b is dimensioned such that the fixing cam is can just be pushed into the recess 71 with a certain amount of play. There the height h of the smaller fixing cam 70a is adapted to the width b of the recess 71 is, the two fixing cams for the purpose of mounting the screw 70 in the recess insert, -turn a quarter turn within the same, whereupon the screw 70, as shown on the upper corner fitting in FIG. 11, torsionally rigid within the recess 71 is anchored. Now it is possible to fix the two vertically to each other Corner fittings 64 put on the coupling plate 7'2 and by means of the washers 74 and nuts 73 screw together.

This type of coupling is of particular importance in those cases where the well-known standard anchors of the commercially available containers are no longer applicable are. This is then particularly in connection with the present invention the case when four container corners collide at one point and there with one another should be fixed. The plate 72 shown in Fig. 12 is then twice that large and accordingly has four bores for receiving the screws 70.

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Claims (12)

5 s p r .ü c h e 1. Arrangement for residential or other purposes, with at least two commercially available shipping containers with a rectangular floor plan, each shipping container has a floor, a ceiling, two end walls and two Has longitudinal walls and one of the two end walls is designed as a double-leaf door is *, characterized in that at least two containers provided and designed as an access container (1, 2; .18, 20, 21; 32, 35, 36) are in which the. required stairs (16; 23, 24, 25; 39) are arranged. 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that each Access container an access area adjoining a usable space on both sides has, so that the two usable spaces from the end walls of the container with Daylight can be supplied. 3. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that several development con-. tainer (18, 20, 21) are arranged vertically one above the other and are any utility container (17, 19; 31, 33, 34), which are accessible via the access container. 4. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the front wall-side door leaves folded open by 900, fixed in this position are and as a carrier for a canopy (v) or a walk-on balcony (B) serve. 5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that two or several shipping containers are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction and the Door leaves opened and fixed by 900 each, at least partially glazed are and therefore one of. Define the daylight-lit room. 6. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that at least the outer walls and ceilings of the container with thermal insulation are provided, which has a heat-insulating layer (49) and a rear ventilation space (44), which through openings (45) in the container sheet steel jacket are attached, with the outside air in connection, with one in the floor area The opening (46) arranged in the container serves as a condensate drain. 7. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that of three containers arranged side by side on the same floor of the the middle one offset from the two outer ones by the length of a door leaf, and so on is arranged that its front door wall, on the opposite side the door walls of the two outer containers (Fig. 2). 8. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the access area is approximately in the middle of the container, with the side facing the door.% The same is a one-room apartment, on the opposite side a single room adjoins (Fig. 2). 9. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjoining Longitudinal walls of two containers arranged side by side are removed and replaced by vertical ones Supports (37) are replaced, so that a usable space of twice the usable area of a Containers is created. 10. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein each container at each corner a coupling block designed as a hollow body and provided with recesses having, characterized in that superimposed for horizontal fixation Coupling block (64) a coupling plate (67) is provided ',' both sides of which protruding fixing cams (68, 69) in the form of those provided in the coupling blocks (67) Recesses (65) are adapted. 11. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein each container at each corner a hollow body with elongated recesses having provided coupling block, characterized in that the coupling block- (64) two superposed containers for the purpose of vertical fixation by a Coupling plate (73) are connected to each other, which in the 'two coupling blocks (64) is screwed. 12. The arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the for fixing the coupling plate (73) to the adjoining coupling block (64) Screw (70) on its section lying within the coupling block (64) 1 two fixing cams (70a, 70b) is provided, the height (h) of one fixing cam (70a) the width (b), the height (H) of the other fixing cam (70b) the length (L) corresponds to the elongated recess.