EP0955419B1 - Framework system for prefabricated buildings - Google Patents
Framework system for prefabricated buildings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0955419B1 EP0955419B1 EP99107750A EP99107750A EP0955419B1 EP 0955419 B1 EP0955419 B1 EP 0955419B1 EP 99107750 A EP99107750 A EP 99107750A EP 99107750 A EP99107750 A EP 99107750A EP 0955419 B1 EP0955419 B1 EP 0955419B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frame bodies
- building
- elements
- framework system
- filling elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B2001/2481—Details of wall panels
Definitions
- the invention relates to a frame body system for prefabricated buildings, in which several frame bodies and flat filler elements to be inserted into them in one selected grid size using conventional connection techniques to exterior and Interior walls of single and multi-storey buildings can be assembled, whereby the Filling elements with doors, windows or door openings and window openings or the like. can be provided.
- Such frame body systems as for example in DE-U-74 26 370 are described, as well as their components can be done with relatively simple Production processes in large quantities and therefore inexpensive to produce and fulfill the technical requirements for prefabricated houses, in particular under from the point of view of "inexpensive building", naturally considerations of profitability stand in the foreground without the need for architecturally appealing facade designs must be waived.
- the known system has the disadvantage, however, that once it is in question Building that is equally for the living area and the industrial area Should be used, is constructed, fundamental design changes in particular in the facade design, but also in the interior layout Cost reasons no longer allowed.
- This is mainly due to the fact that the Bracing of the frame body system not by means of bracing elements but by means of Nodes takes place with the aim of forming spatial cells whose cube-shaped cubes each have a frame on which in the direction of the two other dimensions components are applied, so that with this system
- the basic shape is a cube and not a two-dimensional frame.
- the invention provides a remedy by proposing that the filling elements as Exchange elements are formed, in particular after completion of the building its facade, to adapt to changed building and construction regulations as well Design features and uses of the building without destruction appropriately adapted other filling elements can be replaced, with the filling elements stiffening elements also belong, each frame body from two at least at a distance separate longitudinal spars when installed and two, the ends of which interconnecting, in the installed state vertical cross bars, which the Complement the frame body to a quadrangular structure and to form a building corner two frame bodies can be connected to each other at an angle so that the The entirety of the frame body of a building forms a basic static system, which by An additive static system can be supplemented by additional vertical supports, each lie in the intersection of the frame bodies that meet in grid dimension, and additional horizontal beams, which are located in the area reserved for this next to the Cross bars of the basic static system are arranged and connected to them, be used.
- An additive static system can be supplemented by additional vertical supports, each lie in the intersection of the frame bodies that
- FIGS. 1 to 8 for prefabricated construction Buildings, both residential, industrial and administrative buildings, are characterized by frame body 1, 11, which consist for example of wood, and to be inserted into this flat filler elements 4, 5, both of which have a selected grid size and can be assembled into external and internal walls using conventional connection techniques are, the filling elements 6, 7, 8, 9, as shown in Fig. 17, with doors, windows or Door openings and window openings or the like. Can be provided.
- the frame body When building the building to be erected, the first thing is the basic static system forming frame body 1, 11 and filling elements 4 to 9 selected, the frame body are statically designed so that they are for the desired height of the building, e.g. ground floor or ground floor and one or more upper floors, depending on the type of building desired, So single family, double or row house or special construction, for example kindergarten building or smaller administration buildings.
- the matching desired filling elements 4, 5, as in Fig. 2 shown, selected, and, as shown with reference to FIGS.
- Filling elements of this type can be closed, be insulated, non-translucent elements or closed, insulated, translucent elements or closed elements with transparent window glazing or openable transparent elements, provided with windows or balcony doors or partially closed, thermally insulated elements with transparent, openable or non-openable Elements can be combined.
- such filling elements could also be used serve solar energy or be specially equipped for home automation without further details are to be presented here.
- the frame body 1, 11, which can be seen in FIG. 8, to form multi-storey buildings can also be arranged one above the other, consist of at least two at a distance separate, in the installed state horizontal longitudinal spars 15, 16 and two, the Ends interconnecting, in the installed state vertical cross bars 17, 18, the Complement the frame body to a square structure.
- the longitudinal bars 15, 16 are common longer than the cross bars 17, 18 and, like the cross bars, can be made in several parts his.
- a stiffening web can be arranged between the cross bars 17, 18 and connected to the longitudinal bars 15, 16.
- Each frame body 1, 11 has a height that corresponds to a floor height of the building 10.
- the length of the frame body is selected in two different sizes in the illustrated embodiments are matched to the selected grid dimension, but at least the length of a filling element 4, 5 correspond.
- the possibility is given, as can be seen in FIG. 6, instead of one long filling element 4 two equal sized smaller filling elements 5 in a large frame body 1 to be installed.
- the subdivision of the packing and frame can be made accordingly the chosen grid size can also be done in a different way.
- the frame body system shown in the drawing figures 1 to 8 is a static basic system view that according to the static requirements of the building to be constructed either simultaneously with the construction of the building, but also subsequently with an additive static system can be supplemented, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 14.
- interchangeable filling elements 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 have an edge profile that at least partially attachable to the top of the frame body 1, 11 and into the frame body can be used to achieve the desired connection between the frame body and the filling element in terms of strength and tightness.
- This main support system consists of tall buildings and wide spans Columns and horizontal beams in accordance with classic skeleton construction. Here they could Frame body and filling elements either in the form of a modular curtain wall or as modular facade elements are used, but also as "formwork" for composite materials serve.
- Fig. 18 shows three individually shown floors of a building 10 with floors 21 and Storey floors 20, which are constructed from the frame body system according to the invention and form a three-story building 10, in which the filling elements are replaced at any time can be replaced by other filling elements, if this can be seen from the above Reasons should arise.
- Fig. 19 demonstrates in which the ground floor of a building consisting of frame bodies and Filling elements, is shown, in which successively from left to right, starting from a left basic concept, a side extension 22 is carried out in the selected Grid is made and thus consists of frame bodies 1, 11. That belonging to the frame body 1 Filling element 4 is taken from the original floor plan or body and, as shown at 21, set out, whereupon the side frame body 11 by others Filling elements 5 are closed. In this way, the original floor area with enlarged accordingly by simple means.
- the modular system described above is largely closed by all possible building materials realize, with the possibility of using different building materials, be they known today or only in development and available in the future.
- Another great economic advantage of the frame body system according to the invention is in its high degree of prefabrication, since the various standard elements are easier to use and can be stored cost-effectively in order to be used at a future location, that does not need to be known at the time these elements are manufactured, to be used.
- the crucial aspect of the system described here is that the Filling elements can be replaced at any time after the initial creation of a Later changes in function and design of the same building as well as newer ones to take account of building technology knowledge without having to redesign this building should be, especially new static calculations and usual approval procedures requirement
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
- Bay Windows, Entrances, And Structural Adjustments Related Thereto (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Rahmenkörpersystem für in Fertigbauweise zu errichtende Gebäude, bei dem mehrere Rahmenkörper und in diese einzusetzende flächige Füllelemente in einem gewählten Rastermaß mittels herkömmlicher Verbindungstechniken zu Außen- und Innenwänden ein- und mehrgeschossiger Gebäude zusammenbaubar sind, wobei die Füllelemente mit Türen, Fenstern bzw. Türöffnungen und Fensteröffnungen oder dgl. versehen sein können.The invention relates to a frame body system for prefabricated buildings, in which several frame bodies and flat filler elements to be inserted into them in one selected grid size using conventional connection techniques to exterior and Interior walls of single and multi-storey buildings can be assembled, whereby the Filling elements with doors, windows or door openings and window openings or the like. can be provided.
Derartige Rahmenkörpersysteme, wie sie beispielsweise in dem DE-U-74 26 370 beschrieben sind, sowie ihre Bestandteile lassen sich mit verhältnismäßig einfachen Produktionsverfahren in großen Mengen und damit kostengünstig produzieren und erfüllen die für den Fertighausbau gestellten technischen Anforderungen, wobei insbesondere unter dem Gesichtspunkt des "preisgünstigen Bauens" naturgemäß Wirtschaftlichkeitserwägungen im Vordergrund stehen, ohne daß auf architektonisch ansprechende Fassadengestaltungen verzichtet werden muß.Such frame body systems, as for example in DE-U-74 26 370 are described, as well as their components can be done with relatively simple Production processes in large quantities and therefore inexpensive to produce and fulfill the technical requirements for prefabricated houses, in particular under from the point of view of "inexpensive building", naturally considerations of profitability stand in the foreground without the need for architecturally appealing facade designs must be waived.
Dem bekannten System haftet jedoch der Nachteil an, daß es, sobald das betreffende Bauwerk, das gleichermaßen für den Wohnbereich und den industriellen Bereich Verwendung finden soll, errichtet ist, grundlegende konstruktive Änderungen insbesondere in der Fassadengestaltung, jedoch auch bei der Innenraumaufteilung bereits aus Kostengründen nicht mehr zuläßt. Dies ist vor allem darauf zurückzuführen, daß die Aussteifung des Rahmenkörpersystems nicht über Aussteifungselemente sondern mittels Knotenpunkten stattfindet, und zwar mit dem Ziel, Raumzellen zu bilden, deren würfelförmige Kuben jeweils einen Rahmen aufweisen, an den in Richtung der beiden anderen Dimensionen Bauelemente angesetzt werden, so daß bei diesem System die Grundform ein Würfel ist und kein zweidimensionaler Rahmen.The known system has the disadvantage, however, that once it is in question Building that is equally for the living area and the industrial area Should be used, is constructed, fundamental design changes in particular in the facade design, but also in the interior layout Cost reasons no longer allowed. This is mainly due to the fact that the Bracing of the frame body system not by means of bracing elements but by means of Nodes takes place with the aim of forming spatial cells whose cube-shaped cubes each have a frame on which in the direction of the two other dimensions components are applied, so that with this system The basic shape is a cube and not a two-dimensional frame.
Hier schafft die Erfindung Abhilfe, indem sie vorschlägt, daß die Füllelemente als Austauschelemente ausgebildet sind, die nach Fertigstellung des Gebäudes, insbesondere seiner Fassade, zur Anpassung an geänderte Bau- und bautechnische Vorschriften sowie Gestaltungsmerkmale und Verwendungszwecke des Gebäudes zerstörungsfrei durch entsprechend angepasste andere Füllelemente ersetzbar sind, wobei zu den Füllelementen auch Aussteifungselemente gehören, jeder Rahmenkörper aus zwei wenigstens mit Abstand voneinander getrennten, im Einbauzustand horizontalen Längsholmen und zwei, deren Enden miteinander verbindenden, im Einbauzustand vertikalen Querholmen besteht, die den Rahmenkörper zu einem viereckigen Gebilde ergänzen und zur Bildung einer Gebäudeecke zwei Rahmenkörper im Winkel so aufeinanderstoßend miteinander verbindbar sind, daß die Gesamtheit der Rahmenkörper eines Gebäudes ein statisches Grundsystem bildet, das durch ein additives statisches System ergänzbar ist, indem zusätzliche vertikale Stützen, die jeweils in den Schnittpunkten der im Rastermaß aufeinandertreffenden Rahmenkörper liegen, sowie zusätzliche horizontale Träger, die in dem dafür freigehaltenen Bereich neben den Querholmen des statischen Grundsystems angeordnet und mit ihnen verbunden sind, verwendet werden.Here, the invention provides a remedy by proposing that the filling elements as Exchange elements are formed, in particular after completion of the building its facade, to adapt to changed building and construction regulations as well Design features and uses of the building without destruction appropriately adapted other filling elements can be replaced, with the filling elements stiffening elements also belong, each frame body from two at least at a distance separate longitudinal spars when installed and two, the ends of which interconnecting, in the installed state vertical cross bars, which the Complement the frame body to a quadrangular structure and to form a building corner two frame bodies can be connected to each other at an angle so that the The entirety of the frame body of a building forms a basic static system, which by An additive static system can be supplemented by additional vertical supports, each lie in the intersection of the frame bodies that meet in grid dimension, and additional horizontal beams, which are located in the area reserved for this next to the Cross bars of the basic static system are arranged and connected to them, be used.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet. Zu ihnen gehört der Vorschlag, die Füllelemente als ebenfalls vorgefertigte Teile mit den verlangten Wärme- und Schallisolierungen sowie gegebenenfalls gewünschten Außen- und Innenverkleidungen zu versehen und den Rahmenkörper zusammen mit den Füllelementen mit einem an sich bekannten statischen Tragsystem in Form einer modularen Vorhangfassade oder modularer Fassadenelemente oder einer Schalung für Verbundwerkstoffe zu versehen.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims. To They have the suggestion that the filling elements are also prefabricated parts with the required heat and sound insulation as well as any desired exterior and To provide interior linings and the frame body together with the filling elements with a known static support system in the form of a modular curtain wall or modular facade elements or formwork for composite materials.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Hand von zahlreichen in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine isometrische Darstellung mehrerer zusammengebauter Rahmenkörper,
- Fig. 2
- eine isometrische Darstellung der zu den Rahmenkörpern von Fig. 1 gehörenden Füllelemente,
- Fig. 3
- eine isometrische Darstellung von Rahmenkörpern, die teilweise mit Fühlelementen versehen sind,
- Fig. 4
- eine isometrische Darstellung von Rahmenkörpern, die vollständig mit Füllelementen versehen sind,
- Fig. 5
- eine isometrische Darstellung der Zuordnung von Rahmenkörpern und Füllelementen gemäß Fig. 4,
- Fig. 6
- eine isometrische Darstellung, vergleichbar derjenigen von Fig. 5, wobei jedoch unterschiedlich lange Füllelemente benutzt werden,
- Fig. 7
- eine der Fig. 6 vergleichbare isometrische Ansicht einer Rahmenkörperergänzung für ein eingeschossiges Gebäude,
- Fig. 8
- eine isometrisch Ansicht dreier Gebäudegeschosse gemäß Fig. 7,
- Fig. 9
- eine Draufsicht eines additiven statischen Systems aus Rahmenkörpern, Stützen und Füllelementen,
- Fig. 10
- eine senkrecht geschnittene Seitenansicht des Systems von Fig. 9 mit sechs Geschossen,
- Fig. 11
- eine isometrische Ansicht des additiven statischen Tragsystems gemäß Fig. 9,
- Fig. 12
- eine isometrische Ansicht eines dreigeschossigen Rahmenkörpersystems ohne Füllelemente,
- Fig. 13
- eine Fig. 12 vergleichbare isometrische Ansicht eines dreigeschossigen Rahmenkörpersystems, kombiniert mit dem additiven Tragsystem von Fig. 11,
- Fig. 14
- eine Fig. 13 vergleichbare isometrische Ansicht eines kombinierten Systems, ergänzt durch Füllelemente,
- Fig. 15
- eine isometrische Ansicht eines konventionellen statischen Tragsystems,
- Fig. 16
- eine Fig. 15 vergleichbare Ansicht eines konventionellen statischen Tragsystems, ergänzt durch Füllelemente der erfindungsgemäßen Art,
- Fig. 17
- eine perspektivische Ansicht dreier hintereinander angeordneter Gebäudefassaden aus Rahmenkörpern und Füllelementen,
- Fig. 18
- eine isometrische Ansicht dreier Gebäudegeschosse aus Rahmenkörpern, Füllelementen, Geschoß- und Fundamentplatten, und
- Fig. 19
- eine isometrische Ansicht von vier Gebäudegrundrissen, wobei drei davon einen Anbau aus Rahmenkörpern und Füllelementen aufweisen.
- Fig. 1
- an isometric representation of several assembled frame bodies,
- Fig. 2
- 2 shows an isometric representation of the filling elements belonging to the frame bodies of FIG. 1,
- Fig. 3
- an isometric representation of frame bodies which are partially provided with sensing elements,
- Fig. 4
- an isometric representation of frame bodies which are completely provided with filling elements,
- Fig. 5
- 3 shows an isometric representation of the assignment of frame bodies and filling elements according to FIG. 4,
- Fig. 6
- 5 shows an isometric representation, comparable to that of FIG. 5, but filling elements of different lengths are used,
- Fig. 7
- 6 isometric view of a frame body supplement for a single-storey building, comparable to FIG. 6,
- Fig. 8
- 7 shows an isometric view of three building floors according to FIG. 7,
- Fig. 9
- a plan view of an additive static system consisting of frame bodies, supports and filling elements,
- Fig. 10
- 9 shows a vertical sectional side view of the system from FIG. 9 with six storeys,
- Fig. 11
- 9 is an isometric view of the additive static support system according to FIG. 9,
- Fig. 12
- an isometric view of a three-story frame body system without filler elements,
- Fig. 13
- 12 isometric view of a three-story frame body system, combined with the additive support system of FIG. 11,
- Fig. 14
- 13 isometric view comparable to a combined system, supplemented by filling elements,
- Fig. 15
- an isometric view of a conventional static support system,
- Fig. 16
- 15 a view comparable to that of a conventional static support system, supplemented by filling elements of the type according to the invention,
- Fig. 17
- 2 shows a perspective view of three building facades arranged one behind the other, consisting of frame bodies and filling elements,
- Fig. 18
- an isometric view of three building floors from frame bodies, filling elements, floor and foundation slabs, and
- Fig. 19
- an isometric view of four building floor plans, three of which have an extension of frame bodies and filler elements.
Das in den Fig. 1 bis 8 dargestellte Rahmenkörpersystem für in Fertigbauweise zu errichtende
Gebäude, und zwar sowohl Wohn- als Industrie- und Verwaltungsgebäude, kennzeichnet sich
durch Rahmenkörper 1, 11, die beispielsweise aus Holz bestehen, und in diese einzusetzende
flächige Füllelemente 4, 5, die beide bezüglich ihrer Größe ein gewähltes Rastermaß aufweisen
und mittels herkömmlicher Verbindungstechniken zu Außen- und Innenwänden zusammenbaubar
sind, wobei die Füllelemente 6, 7, 8, 9, wie in Fig. 17 gezeigt, mit Türen, Fenstern bzw.
Türöffnungen und Fensteröffnungen oder dgl. versehen sein können.The frame body system shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 for prefabricated construction
Buildings, both residential, industrial and administrative buildings, are characterized
by
Beim Aufbau des zu errichtenden Gebäudes werden zunächst die das statische Grundsystem
bildenden Rahmenkörper 1, 11 und Füllelemente 4 bis 9 ausgewählt, wobei die Rahmenkörper
statisch so ausgelegt sind, daß sie für die gewünschte Gebäudehöhe, also beispielsweise Erdgeschoß
oder Erdgeschoß und ein oder mehrere Obergeschosse, je nach gewünschter Gebäudeart,
also Einfamilien-, Doppel- oder Reihenhaus oder Sonderbau, beispielsweise Kindergartengebäude
oder kleinere Verwaltungsgebäude, geeignet sind. Nach Errichtung des Rahmenkörpersystems,
wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt, werden die dazu passenden gewünschten Füllelemente 4, 5, wie in
Fig. 2 gezeigt, ausgewählt, und, wie anhand der Fig. 3 bis 5 dargestellt, in die einzelnen Rahmenkörper
1, 11 so eingebaut, daß sie nach Fertigstellung des Gebäudes 10, insbesondere seiner
Fassade 14, zu einem beliebigen Zeitpunkt zukünftig zur Anpassung an geänderte Bau- und
bautechnische Vorschriften sowie Gestaltungsmerkmale und Verwendungszwecke des Gebäudes
zerstörungsfrei ausgetauscht und durch entsprechend angepaßte andere Füllelemente ersetzt
werden können.When building the building to be erected, the first thing is the basic static system
forming
Als Füllelemente kommen neben den hier im einzelnen erwähnten eine Vielzahl unterschiedlich
gearteter Elemente zum Einsatz, die als vorgefertigte Teile mit den verlangten Wärme- und
Schallisolierungen sowie ggf. gewünschten Außen- und Innenputz versehen sind und gewöhnlich
nach dem Einbau in den Rahmenkörper 1, 11 keiner Nachbehandlung bedürfen.In addition to those mentioned here in detail, there are a variety of filling elements
Kind of elements used, which as prefabricated parts with the required heat and
Sound insulation and any desired exterior and interior plaster are provided and usually
after installation in the
Derartige Füllelemente, zu denen auch Aussteifungselemente gehören können, können geschlossene, wärmegedämmte, nicht transluzente Elemente sein oder geschlossene, wärmegedämmte, transluzente Elemente oder geschlossene Elemente mit einer durchsichtigen Fensterverglasung oder öffenbare durchsichtige Elemente, versehen mit Fenstern oder Fenstertüren oder teilweise geschlossene, wärmegedämmte Elemente, die mit durchsichtigen, öffenbaren oder nichtöffenbaren Elementen kombinierbar sind. Darüber hinaus könnten derartige Füllelemente auch zur Nutzung der Sonnenenergie dienen oder für die Haustechnik besonders ausgestattet sein, ohne daß hier weitere Einzelheiten darzustellen sind. Filling elements of this type, which can also include stiffening elements, can be closed, be insulated, non-translucent elements or closed, insulated, translucent elements or closed elements with transparent window glazing or openable transparent elements, provided with windows or balcony doors or partially closed, thermally insulated elements with transparent, openable or non-openable Elements can be combined. In addition, such filling elements could also be used serve solar energy or be specially equipped for home automation without further details are to be presented here.
Die Rahmenkörper 1, 11, die, wie Fig. 8 zu entnehmen ist, zur Bildung mehrgeschossiger Gebäude
auch übereinander angeordnet werden können, bestehen aus wenigstens zwei mit Abstand
voneinander getrennten, im Einbauzustand horizontalen Längsholmen 15, 16 und zwei, deren
Enden miteinander verbindenden, im Einbauzustand vertikalen Querholmen 17, 18, die den
Rahmenkörper zu einem viereckigen Gebilde ergänzen. Die Längsholme 15, 16 sind gewöhnlich
länger als die Querholme 17, 18 und können, wie auch die Querholme, mehrteilig ausgebildet
sein. Aus statischen Gründen kann zwischen den Querholmen 17, 18 ein Versteifungssteg angeordnet
und mit den Längsholmen 15, 16 verbunden werden. Jeder Rahmenkörper 1, 11 weist
eine Höhe auf, die einer Geschoßhöhe des Gebäudes 10 entspricht. Die Länge des Rahmenkörpers
ist bei den dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen in zwei verschiedenen Größen gewählt, die
auf das gewählte Rastermaß abgestimmt sind, jedoch mindestens der Länge eines Füllelementes
4, 5 entsprechen. Dabei ist die Möglichkeit gegeben, wie aus Fig. 6 ersichtlich, anstelle eines
langen Füllelementes 4 zwei gleich große kleinere Füllelemente 5 in einen großen Rahmenkörper
1 einzubauen. Selbstverständlich kann die Unterteilung der Füllkörper und Rahmen entsprechend
dem gewählten Rastermaß auch in anderer Weise erfolgen.The
Das in den Zeichnungsfiguren 1 bis 8 dargestellte Rahmenkörpersystem ist als statisches Grundsystem anzusehen, das entsprechend den statischen Anforderungen des zu erstellenden Gebäudes entweder gleichzeitig beim Aufbau des Gebäudes, jedoch auch noch nachträglich durch ein additives statisches System ergänzt werden kann, wie dies in den Fig. 9 bis 14 dargestellt ist.The frame body system shown in the drawing figures 1 to 8 is a static basic system view that according to the static requirements of the building to be constructed either simultaneously with the construction of the building, but also subsequently with an additive static system can be supplemented, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 14.
Bevor dies im einzelnen erläutert wird, sei darauf hingewiesen, daß die einzelnen Rahmenkörper
1, 11 des Rahmenkörpersystems, die, wie aus den Zeichnungsfiguren 1 bis 14 ersichtlich, gleiche
oder unterschiedliche Längen aufweisen können, in Richtung ihrer Längsholme 15, 16 miteinander
verbindbar sind. Eine ähnliche Verbindung besteht zwischen den Rahmenkörpern in Richtung
ihrer Querholme 17, 18, wobei zur Bildung einer Gebäudeecke zwei Rahmenkörper 1, 11 im
Winkel aufeinanderstoßend miteinander verbindbar sind.Before this is explained in detail, it should be noted that the
Darüber hinaus weisen die austauschbaren Füllelemente 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ein Randprofil auf, das
zumindest teilweise auf die Oberseite des Rahmenkörpers 1, 11 aufsetzbar und in den Rahmenkörper
einsetzbar ist, um die gewünschte Verbindung zwischen Rahmenkörper und Füllelement
bezüglich Festigkeit und Dichtigkeit herzustellen.In addition, the
Für den Fall der Verwendung des additiven statischen Systems, für das die Fig. 9 bis 14 Beispiele
liefern, werden zusätzliche vertikale Stützen 12, die jeweils in den Schnittpunkten der im Rastermaß
aufeinandertreffenden Rahmenkörper 1, 11 liegen, sowie zusätzliche horizontale Träger
13, die in dem dafür freigehaltenen Bereich neben den Querholmen 15, 16 des statischen Grundsystems
angeordnet und mit ihnen verbunden sind, verwendet. Dadurch werden größere Spannweiten
und Gebäudehöhen ermöglicht.In the case of using the additive static system, for which FIGS. 9 to 14 examples
deliver, additional
Neben diesem additiven statischen System ist aber auch ein Einsatz des konventionellen statischen
Tragsystems 19 in Verbindung mit den erfindungsgemäßen Füllelementen 4, 5 oder 6, 7,
8, 9 möglich. Bei hohen Gebäuden und weiten Spannweiten besteht dieses Haupttragsystem aus
Stützen und horizontalen Trägern entsprechend dem klassischen Skellettbau. Hier könnten die
Rahmenkörper und Füllelemente entweder in Form einer modularen Vorhangfassade oder als
modulare Fassadenelemente eingesetzt werden, jedoch auch als "Schalung" für Verbundwerkstoffe
dienen.In addition to this additive static system, conventional static is also used
Carrying
In Fig. 17 ist anhand dreier aufeinanderfolgender Gebäudefassaden 14 für ein mehrgeschossiges
Gebäude die Verwendung verschiedenartigster Füllelemente 6, 7, 8, 9 gezeigt, wobei jedoch
diese Füllelemente in jedweder erforderlichen Weise funktionell und gestalterisch abgeändert
werden könnten, ohne daß dies hier im einzelnen erläutert oder dargestellt zu werden braucht.17 is based on three
Fig. 18 zeigt drei einzeln dargestellte Geschosse eines Gebäudes 10 mit Geschoßdecken 21 und
Geschoßböden 20, die aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Rahmenkörpersystem aufgebaut sind und
ein dreigeschossiges Gebäude 10 bilden, bei dem die Füllelemente jederzeit ausgetäuscht und
durch andere Füllelemente ersetzt werden können, falls sich hierfür aus den oben geschilderten
Gründen eine Notwendigkeit ergeben sollte.Fig. 18 shows three individually shown floors of a
Durch die aufeinander abgestimmten Elemente ist es möglich, sowohl das tragende System jederzeit
zu erweitern als auch die Füllelemente jederzeit auszutauschen. Dies wird anhand von
Fig. 19 demonstriert, in der das Erdgeschoß eines Gebäudes, bestehend aus Rahmenkörpern und
Füllelementen, dargestellt ist, bei dem von links nach rechts aufeinanderfolgend, ausgehend von
einem linken Grundkonzept, ein seitlicher Anbau 22 durchgeführt wird, der in dem gewählten
Rastermaß erfolgt und somit aus Rahmenkörpern 1, 11 besteht. Das zum Rahmenkörper 1 gehörige
Füllelement 4 wird dabei dem ursprünglichen Grundriß bzw. Körpers entnommen und,
wie bei 21 gezeigt, nach außen gesetzt, woraufhin die seitlichen Rahmenkörper 11 durch weitere
Füllelemente 5 geschlossen werden. Auf diese Weise wird die ursprüngliche Geschoßfläche mit
einfachen Mitteln entsprechend vergrößert.The coordinated elements make it possible to use both the load-bearing system at any time
expand and replace the filler elements at any time. This is shown by
Fig. 19 demonstrates in which the ground floor of a building consisting of frame bodies and
Filling elements, is shown, in which successively from left to right, starting from
a left basic concept, a
Das oben beschriebene modulare System ist weitestgehend durch alle möglichen Baustoffe zu verwirklichen, wobei auch die Möglichkeit besteht, unterschiedliche Baustoffe zu verwenden, seien sie nun heute bekannt oder erst in der Entwicklung und zukünftig verfügbar. The modular system described above is largely closed by all possible building materials realize, with the possibility of using different building materials, be they known today or only in development and available in the future.
Ein weiterer großer wirtschaftlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Rahmenkörpersystems besteht in seiner hohen Vorfertigungsmöglichkeit, da die verschiedenen Standardelemente in einfacher und kostensparender Weise bevorratet werden können, um an einem zukünftigen Einsatzort, der zum Zeitpunkt der Herstellung dieser Elemente noch gar nicht bekannt zu sein braucht, verwendet zu werden.Another great economic advantage of the frame body system according to the invention is in its high degree of prefabrication, since the various standard elements are easier to use and can be stored cost-effectively in order to be used at a future location, that does not need to be known at the time these elements are manufactured, to be used.
Des weiteren ist es aufgrund der konsequenten Trennung der Funktionen der verschiedenen Elemente, nämlich der Tragfunktion und der Füllfunktion, abgestimmt auf ein übergeordnetes Konstruktionssystem möglich, diese Elemente von verschiedenen Herstellern fertigen zu lassen und damit eine dezentrale Fertigung durchzuführen, die die jeweils günstigsten Standorte, besten Hersteller und neuesten Technologien zur Produktion der einzelnen Elemente nutzen kann.Furthermore, it is due to the consequent separation of the functions of the various Elements, namely the supporting function and the filling function, matched to a higher level Construction system possible to have these elements manufactured by different manufacturers and thus to carry out a decentralized production, the most favorable locations, the best Manufacturers and latest technologies can use to produce the individual elements.
Der entscheidende Gesichtspunkt des hier beschriebenen Systems besteht aber darin, daß die Füllelemente jederzeit ausgetauscht werden können, um nach der erstmaligen Erstellung eines Gebäudes späteren Funktions- und Gestaltungsänderungen desselben Gebäudes sowie neueren gebäudetechnischen Erkenntnissen Rechnung zu tragen, ohne daß dieses Gebäude neu konzipiert werden müßte, insbesondere neuer statischer Berechnungen und üblicher Genehmigungsverfahren bedarfThe crucial aspect of the system described here is that the Filling elements can be replaced at any time after the initial creation of a Later changes in function and design of the same building as well as newer ones to take account of building technology knowledge without having to redesign this building should be, especially new static calculations and usual approval procedures requirement
Claims (12)
- Framework system for prefabricated buildings according to which several frame bodies (1, 11) and flat filling elements (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) inserted into these frameworks can be mounted together at a selected modul measure by means of known connecting methods to establish outside walls and inside walls of buildings having one or several floors, which filling elements may be provided with doors, windows or door openings and window openings, respectively or the like, characterized in that filling elements ( 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) are configuered as exchange elements which are replaceable after finishing the building (10) and especially the front side (14) thereof for adaptation to amended regulations in the field of constructional engineering as well as charged configurational features and the intended use of the building (10) by correspondingly adapted other filling elements (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) in a not destructive manner, wherein the filling elements are also provided with reinforcing elements and each frame body comprises at least two distantly arranged, in mounted condition horizontally positioned longitudinal cross beams (15, 16) and two in mounted condition vertical cross beams ( 17, 18) connecting the ends of the horizontal cross beams, which beams complete the framework to a four-corned structure and wherein two frame bodies (1, 11) can be connected to form a corner of the building by embutment under an angle so that the entirety of the frame bodies (1, 11) of the building form a static basic system which can be completed by adding a static system of additional vertical posts positioned, respectively, within the crossing points of the frame bodies (1, 11) abutting within the modul measure and further completed by additional horizontal beams (13) arranged within the free areas adjacent to the beams ( 15, 16) of the static basic system and connected thereto.
- Framework system according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling elements (4, 5, 6, 7, 8) are as also prefabricated parts provided with the requested heat isolation and noise isolation as well as eventually provided with the requested outside covering and inside covering so that they do not need any post-treatment after mounting into the frame bodies.
- Framework system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that several frame bodies (1, 11) can be superimposed to form a building provided with several floors.
- Framework system according to one of claims 1 through 3, characterized in that height of each frame body (1, 11) corresponds to the height of a floor of the building (10):
- Framework system according to one of claims 1 through 4, characterized in that the length of the frame bodies (1, 11) corresponds at least to the length of a filling element (4, 5).
- Framework system according to one of claims 1 through 5, characterized in that the longitudinal bars (15, 16) and the cross bars can consist of several parts.
- Framework system according to one of claims 1 through 6, characterized in that parts of the filling elements (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) can be configured as supporting elements.
- Framework system according to one of claims 1 through 7, characterized in that several frame bodies (1, 11) of equal or unequal length can be joined in the direction of their longitudinal bars (15, 16).
- Framework system according to one of claims 1 through 8, characterized in that several frame bodies (1, 11) can be joined in the direction of their cross bars ( 17, 18).
- Framework system according to one of claims 1 through 9, characterized in that the exchangeable filling elements (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) are provided with an edge profile which can be at least partly positioned onto the upper side of the frame bodies (1, 11) and at least partly inserted into the frame bodies.
- Framework system according to one of claims 1 through 10, characterized in that the frame bodies (1, 11) and the filling elements (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) can be used together with a static support system (19) known per se in form of a modular front curtain or modular front elements or a shell for compound materials.
- Framework system according to one of claims 1 through 11, characterized in that the frame bodies (1, 11) can be joined with a base plate (20) as well as a floor plate (21) of the building which should be constructed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19820438 | 1998-05-07 | ||
DE19820438A DE19820438C1 (en) | 1998-05-07 | 1998-05-07 | Frame body system for prefabricated buildings |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0955419A2 EP0955419A2 (en) | 1999-11-10 |
EP0955419A3 EP0955419A3 (en) | 2000-03-29 |
EP0955419B1 true EP0955419B1 (en) | 2004-04-07 |
Family
ID=7866984
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99107750A Expired - Lifetime EP0955419B1 (en) | 1998-05-07 | 1999-04-19 | Framework system for prefabricated buildings |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0955419B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE263873T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19820438C1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1298946C (en) * | 2003-12-28 | 2007-02-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Steel-steel concrete fully prefabricated assembling structure |
ES2281298B1 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2008-08-16 | Equipo 63, S.A. | MODULAR STRUCTURE |
FR2942483A1 (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-08-27 | Bernard Dauguet | Advanced rigid and insulating structure forming method for mobile home construction, involves assembling panels to form walls and ceiling, where each panel is formed of trays juxtaposed on face on which frame is fixed to stiffen assembly |
BE1027535B1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-30 | In Vast Group Bv | Modular construction system for constructing a building |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE7426370U (en) * | 1975-02-13 | Kuhn W | Room cells made of wood | |
DD65124A (en) * | ||||
FR535555A (en) * | 1921-05-17 | 1922-04-18 | Rapid building construction system | |
US1893636A (en) * | 1931-04-11 | 1933-01-10 | Ridgway Herbert | Metallic house framing |
US2255194A (en) * | 1939-08-01 | 1941-09-09 | Stout Engineering Lab Inc | Building construction |
DE1924612A1 (en) * | 1969-05-14 | 1970-11-26 | Kaiser Dipl Ing Wilhelm | Scarf stone |
AT329237B (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1976-04-26 | Alexander Dipl Ing Maculan | SPACE-BUILDING ELEMENT, IN PARTICULAR FOR CONSTRUCTION BUILDINGS, AS WELL AS BUILDINGS MADE FROM SUCH ELEMENTS |
IT1149162B (en) * | 1982-12-16 | 1986-12-03 | Giovanni Gianini | MODULAR ELEMENTS FOR COMPOSING REMOVABLE EQUIPPED CONTAINERS, TO BE USED AS WORKING ENVIRONMENT OF MOBILE WORKSTATIONS |
US4910932A (en) * | 1987-01-05 | 1990-03-27 | Honigman Michael L | Modular building system |
AT394410B (en) * | 1990-07-27 | 1992-03-25 | Wolf Systembau Gmbh & Co Kg | WALL COMPOSED OF PRE-MADE WALL ELEMENTS |
US5666766A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-09-16 | Handy Home Products, Inc. | Building constructions |
-
1998
- 1998-05-07 DE DE19820438A patent/DE19820438C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-04-19 AT AT99107750T patent/ATE263873T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-19 EP EP99107750A patent/EP0955419B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0955419A2 (en) | 1999-11-10 |
EP0955419A3 (en) | 2000-03-29 |
ATE263873T1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
DE19820438C1 (en) | 2000-02-03 |
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