EP3999736B1 - Injecteur de carburant destiné à des moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant destiné à des moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3999736B1
EP3999736B1 EP20729044.6A EP20729044A EP3999736B1 EP 3999736 B1 EP3999736 B1 EP 3999736B1 EP 20729044 A EP20729044 A EP 20729044A EP 3999736 B1 EP3999736 B1 EP 3999736B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
edge
nozzle needle
blind hole
fuel injector
longitudinal axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20729044.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3999736A1 (fr
Inventor
Fabian Wolf
Knut Kristian BAADSHAUG
Gerhard Suenderhauf
Andreas Koeninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3999736A1 publication Critical patent/EP3999736A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3999736B1 publication Critical patent/EP3999736B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/06—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves being furnished at seated ends with pintle or plug shaped extensions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1866—Valve seats or member ends having multiple cones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, as it is used in particular as a component of a so-called common rail injection system for self-igniting internal combustion engines for applications with relatively high maximum flow or injection quantities.
  • a fuel injector for internal combustion engines with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known from EN 10 2016 116 690 A1
  • the known fuel injector is characterized by a nozzle needle with a needle tip which has a cylindrical section with two edges running radially around a longitudinal axis of the nozzle needle in the direction of a blind hole base of a nozzle body below a conical section, whereby in a closed position of the nozzle needle the second edge facing the blind hole base is arranged below a lower inlet edge of an injection opening, in a partially open position of the nozzle needle the first edge facing away from the blind hole base is arranged below an upper inlet edge of the injection opening, and in a fully open position of the nozzle needle the second edge is arranged above the lower inlet edge of the injection opening.
  • Such a design of the needle tip of the nozzle needle is intended in particular to enable a stable flow between the nozzle needle, the blind hole and the injection opening or to avoid unstable flow conditions.
  • Such unstable flow conditions can manifest themselves in a tendency towards cavitation in the partial stroke range of the nozzle needle and thus in particular also negatively affect the quantity accuracy over the service life of the fuel injector.
  • the EP 3 014 104 A1 further discloses a nozzle assembly for a fuel injector with a nozzle needle having a further conical surface downstream of a conical sealing surface.
  • the fuel injector for internal combustion engines according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has, in addition to the desired properties such as achieving a stable flow with a low damage volume, the main advantage that its tendency to cavitation is significantly reduced in a partial stroke range of the nozzle needle, in which the cross-sectional area in the area of the seat between the nozzle needle and the nozzle body is smaller than the cross-section of the injection openings below the nozzle seat. In addition, a high flow efficiency is achieved in the full stroke range of the nozzle needle.
  • the above-mentioned advantages are achieved in the fuel injector according to the invention in that the diameter of the nozzle needle in the region of the first edge is larger than the diameter of the nozzle needle in the region of the second edge, and that a distance between the two edges viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis corresponds to 0.4 times to 1.6 times a diameter of the injection opening in an inlet region to the blind hole in the non-rounded state of the inlet region.
  • the nozzle needle has a convex section between the two edges.
  • the nozzle needle has a cylindrical section between the first edge and the sealing surface on the nozzle seat.
  • the cylindrical section in the direction of the sealing surface on the nozzle body is followed by a conical section whose angle to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle needle is greater than the angle between the sealing surface and the longitudinal axis.
  • the difference between the two angles on the nozzle needle is less than 8.5°. This avoids a strong diversion of the fuel flow with corresponding negative effects.
  • the nozzle needle has a concavely formed section there.
  • the nozzle needle below the second edge or in the direction of the bottom of the blind hole.
  • the second edge delimits a flat front surface of the needle tip.
  • the needle tip is conical on the side of the second edge facing away from the first edge.
  • the blind hole in the nozzle body has a cylindrical section that transitions into a rounded blind hole base, and that the transition between the cylindrical section and the rounded blind hole base is arranged between the upper and lower inlet edge of the injection opening, with the longitudinal axis of the injection opening preferably intersecting the transition.
  • a further optimization of the fuel flow in the direction of the injection opening provides that the injection opening is rounded to form a blind hole in the inlet area.
  • a fuel injector 10 for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber (not shown) of a self-igniting internal combustion engine is shown in sections.
  • the axially lower end region of the fuel injector 10 shown faces the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injector 10 is part of a so-called common rail injection system for self-igniting internal combustion engines, the system pressure preferably being more than 2000 bar.
  • the fuel injector 10 shown is preferably used in applications that require relatively high maximum flow rates.
  • the fuel injector 10 has a nozzle body 12 in which a blind hole 14 is formed.
  • the blind hole 14 has a section 16 which is conical around a longitudinal axis 15 of the nozzle body 12 and which forms a seat surface 17.
  • the section 16 merges into a cylindrical section 18, which is followed by a rounded blind hole base 20.
  • at least one injection opening 22 opens out, which is formed as a through-bore in the nozzle body 12 and via which fuel can be injected from the nozzle body 12 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the injection opening 22 is arranged at an oblique angle ⁇ relative to the longitudinal axis 15, wherein a longitudinal axis 23 of the injection opening 22 preferably intersects the transition between the cylindrical section 18 and the blind hole base 20 ( Fig.2 ).
  • the inlet area 24 of the injection opening 22 is equipped with a curve 25.
  • the diameter of the injection opening 22 in the area outside the curve 25 is designated by d.
  • the nozzle body 12 described so far cooperates with a nozzle needle 26 arranged such that it can move along the longitudinal axis 15 to inject fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine via the at least one injection opening 22.
  • the nozzle needle 26 is moved in a manner known per se, for example by means of a magnetic actuator (not shown), such that in a Fig.3 In the lowered position of the nozzle needle 26 shown in FIG. 1, the latter forms a sealing seat 30 with the nozzle body 12 or its seat surface 17 in the region of a conical sealing surface 28 of the nozzle needle 26 in order to close the at least one injection opening 22 at least indirectly.
  • FIGS. Fig.4 and 5 In the position shown in FIGS. Fig.4 and 5
  • an inlet gap 32 is opened in the direction of the at least one injection opening 22, so that the fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the sealing surface 28 of the nozzle needle 26 on the side facing the blind hole base 20 merges into a cylindrical section 35 as part of a needle tip 34, which in turn is followed by a conical section 36.
  • the end face 38 of the nozzle needle 26 facing the blind hole base 20 is designed as a flat end face 38, i.e. running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 15.
  • the transition between the cylindrical section 35 and the conical section 36 of the nozzle needle 26 forms a first edge 41 with a first diameter D 1 that runs radially around the longitudinal axis 15.
  • the end face 38 forms a second edge 42 with a second diameter D 2 at the transition to the conical section 36 that runs radially around the longitudinal axis 15.
  • the second diameter D 2 is smaller than the first diameter D 1.
  • an axial distance a is formed between the two edges 41, 42 when viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis 15. The distance a is 0.4 times to 1.6 times the diameter d of the injection opening 22 outside the inlet area 24, i.e. in the cylindrical area of the injection opening 22.
  • Fig.3 the closed position of the nozzle needle 26 in the nozzle body 12 is shown.
  • the second edge 42 is located axially in the direction of the Longitudinal axis 15 viewed below a lower inlet edge 44 of the injection opening 22.
  • a partially opened nozzle needle 26 is shown.
  • the first edge 41 viewed in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis 15, is located below an upper inlet edge 45 of the injection opening 22.
  • This has the effect that a primary flow 46, which passes directly from the inlet gap 32 into the area of the injection opening 22, is guided in a particularly favorable manner in terms of flow.
  • the Fig.4 The opening position of the nozzle needle 26 shown is characterized in that the (annular) cross section A seat in the area of the inlet gap 32 is smaller than the sum of the cross sections A SL of the injection openings 22.
  • the (fully) open state of the nozzle needle 26 is shown.
  • the second edge 42 is preferably located below the upper inlet edge 45 of the injection opening 22, at most approx. 30 ⁇ m above it.
  • Such an arrangement causes a secondary flow 48, which reaches the area of the injection openings 22 from the blind hole base 20, to produce relatively low flow separations in the area of the injection openings 22.
  • the (fully) open state of the nozzle needle 26 is characterized in that the cross section A seat of the inlet gap 32 is larger than the sum of the cross sections A SL of the injection openings 22.
  • Fig.6 is a comparison with the Fig. 1 to 5 modified nozzle needle 26a is shown. This is characterized in that instead of the conical section 36, a cylindrical section 49 is provided between the cylindrical section 35 and the end face 38. The first edge 41 is located in the transition from the section 35 to the annular surface 50 connecting the sections 35 and 49.
  • the nozzle needle 26b shown has a convex or rounded section 51 at the transition from the cylindrical section 35 to the (flat) end face 38.
  • the Fig.8 The nozzle needle 26c shown has a concave section 52 instead of the convex section 51.
  • the nozzle needle 26d shows the case in which the transition between the cylindrical section 35 and the (flat) end face 38 is formed by two conical sections 53, 54 having different angles to the longitudinal axis 15.
  • a nozzle needle 26e is shown, in which a conical section 55 adjoins the sealing surface 28 in the direction of the cylindrical section 35.
  • the conical section 55 has an angle ⁇ that is a maximum of 8.5° larger than an angle y between the sealing surface 28 and a line parallel to the longitudinal axis 15.
  • a nozzle needle 26f is shown in which the transition between the sealing surface 28 and the first edge 41 is made by a concave section 56.
  • the nozzle needle 26g is basically shaped like the nozzle needle 26f, but the end face 38e is inclined or conical.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Injecteur de carburant (10) pour moteurs à combustion interne, comprenant un corps de buse (12) dans lequel est formé un trou borgne (14) d'où part au moins un trou d'injection (22), et comprenant une aiguille d'injecteur (26 ; 26a à 26g) agencée dans le corps de buse (12) de manière à pouvoir se déplacer longitudinalement, sur laquelle est formée, sur le côté tourné vers le trou borgne (14), une surface d'étanchéité (28) avec laquelle l'aiguille d'injecteur (26 ; 26a à 26g) coopère par une surface de siège (17) du corps de buse (12) pour commander un écoulement de carburant vers ledit au moins un trou d'injection (22), et avec une pointe d'aiguille (34) se raccordant à la surface d'étanchéité (28) en direction du trou borgne (14), qui présente une première arête (41) d'un premier diamètre (D1) s'étendant radialement autour d'un axe longitudinal (15), à laquelle se raccorde, en direction du fond (20) du trou borgne, une deuxième arête (42) d'un deuxième diamètre (D2) s'étendant radialement autour de l'axe longitudinal (15), formant, dans une position abaissée de l'aiguille d'injecteur (26 ; 26a à 26g) un siège d'étanchéité (30) ; la deuxième arête (42), vue dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal (15), est agencée au-dessous d'un bord d'entrée inférieur (44) du trou d'injection (22), dans une position d'ouverture partielle de l'aiguille d'injecteur (26 ; 26a à 26g), la première arête (41), vue dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal (15), étant agencée au-dessous d'un bord d'entrée supérieur (45) du trou d'injection (22) et, dans une position d'ouverture complète de l'aiguille d'injecteur (26 ; 26a à 26g), vue dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal (15), la deuxième arête (42) étant agencée au-dessus du bord d'entrée inférieur (44) du trou d'injection (22),
    caractérisé
    en ce que le diamètre (D1) de l'aiguille d'injecteur (26 ; 26a à 26g), dans la zone de la première arête (41), est supérieur au diamètre (D2) de l'aiguille d'injecteur (26 ; 26a à 26g) dans la zone de la deuxième arête (42), et en ce qu'une distance (a) entre les deux arêtes (41, 42), considérée dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal (15), correspond à 0,4 fois à 1,6 fois un diamètre (d) du trou d'injection (22) dans une zone d'entrée (24) vers le trou borgne (14) dans l'état non arrondi de la zone d'entrée (24), et l'aiguille d'injecteur (26b ; 26c) présente entre les deux arêtes (41, 42) une section (51 ; 52) de forme convexe.
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé
    en ce que l'aiguille d'injecteur (26 ; 26a à 26e) présente une section (35) de forme cylindrique entre la première arête (41) et la surface d'étanchéité (28).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé
    en ce que la section (35) de forme cylindrique est suivie, en direction de la surface d'étanchéité (28), d'une section (55) de forme conique dont l'angle (β) avec l'axe longitudinal (15) est supérieur à l'angle (γ) entre la surface d'étanchéité (28) et l'axe longitudinal (15).
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé
    en ce que la différence entre les deux angles (β, γ) est inférieure à 8,5°.
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'aiguille d'injecteur (26f ; 26g) présente une portion (56) de forme concave entre le première arête (41) et la surface d'étanchéité (28).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la deuxième arête (42) délimite une surface frontale plane (38) de la pointe de l'aiguille (34).
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la pointe de l'aiguille (34) est pourvue d'une surface frontale (38a) de forme conique sur le côté de la deuxième arête (42) opposé à la première arête (41).
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le trou borgne (14) présente une section cylindrique (18) qui se prolonge par le fond (20) de trou borgne de forme arrondie, et en ce que la transition entre la section cylindrique (18) et le fond (20) de trou borgne de forme arrondie est agencée entre les bords d'entrée inférieur et supérieur (44, 45) du trou d'injection (22), un axe longitudinal (23) du trou d'injection (22) coupant de préférence la transition entre la section cylindrique (18) et le fond (20) de trou borgne.
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le trou d'injection (22) est réalisé avec un arrondi (25) dans la zone d'entrée (24) vers le trou borgne (14).
EP20729044.6A 2019-07-18 2020-05-27 Injecteur de carburant destiné à des moteurs à combustion interne Active EP3999736B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019210631.5A DE102019210631A1 (de) 2019-07-18 2019-07-18 Kraftstoffinjektor für Brennkraftmaschinen
PCT/EP2020/064627 WO2021008763A1 (fr) 2019-07-18 2020-05-27 Injecteur de carburant destiné à des moteurs à combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3999736A1 EP3999736A1 (fr) 2022-05-25
EP3999736B1 true EP3999736B1 (fr) 2024-05-08

Family

ID=70918441

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20729044.6A Active EP3999736B1 (fr) 2019-07-18 2020-05-27 Injecteur de carburant destiné à des moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20230130775A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3999736B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114502834A (fr)
DE (1) DE102019210631A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021008763A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5882068A (ja) * 1981-11-09 1983-05-17 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料噴射ノズル
DE10246693A1 (de) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-15 Siemens Ag Einspritzvorrichtung zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff
DE10354878A1 (de) * 2003-11-24 2005-06-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung, insbesondere für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Kraftstoff-Direkteinspritzung, sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
JP4480763B2 (ja) * 2004-05-11 2010-06-16 トムソン ライセンシング 投射系
JP3989495B2 (ja) * 2004-09-22 2007-10-10 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料噴射装置
JP5842728B2 (ja) * 2012-05-08 2016-01-13 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 燃料噴射弁
DE102013212142A1 (de) * 2013-06-25 2015-01-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Düsenbaugruppe für einen Kraftstoffinjektor sowie Kraftstoffinjektor
JP6109758B2 (ja) * 2014-01-30 2017-04-05 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 燃料噴射ノズル
JP6474694B2 (ja) * 2015-06-24 2019-02-27 株式会社Ｓｏｋｅｎ 燃料噴射ノズル
JP2017031925A (ja) * 2015-08-05 2017-02-09 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射装置
JP6510940B2 (ja) 2015-09-24 2019-05-08 株式会社Ｓｏｋｅｎ 燃料噴射弁
EP3252301B1 (fr) * 2016-06-02 2020-12-02 Caterpillar Motoren GmbH & Co. KG Injecteur de carburant pour un moteur à deux combustibles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20230130775A1 (en) 2023-04-27
DE102019210631A1 (de) 2021-01-21
CN114502834A (zh) 2022-05-13
WO2021008763A1 (fr) 2021-01-21
EP3999736A1 (fr) 2022-05-25

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