EP3902956B1 - Verfahren und gleisbaumaschine zur bearbeitung eines schottergleises - Google Patents

Verfahren und gleisbaumaschine zur bearbeitung eines schottergleises Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3902956B1
EP3902956B1 EP19813490.0A EP19813490A EP3902956B1 EP 3902956 B1 EP3902956 B1 EP 3902956B1 EP 19813490 A EP19813490 A EP 19813490A EP 3902956 B1 EP3902956 B1 EP 3902956B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
track
lifting
lifting unit
unit
vibration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19813490.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3902956C0 (de
EP3902956A1 (de
Inventor
Heinz SPRINGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Original Assignee
Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
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Publication of EP3902956A1 publication Critical patent/EP3902956A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3902956C0 publication Critical patent/EP3902956C0/de
Publication of EP3902956B1 publication Critical patent/EP3902956B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines
    • E01B27/17—Sleeper-tamping machines combined with means for lifting, levelling or slewing the track
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/02—Placing the ballast; Making ballastway; Redistributing ballasting material; Machines or devices therefor; Levelling means
    • E01B27/023—Spreading, levelling or redistributing ballast already placed
    • E01B27/026—Spreading, levelling or redistributing ballast already placed by means of driven tools, e.g. rotating brooms or digging devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/04—Lifting or levelling of tracks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/10—Track-lifting or-lining devices or methods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/12—Tamping devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing a ballast track by means of a track construction machine, which comprises a lifting unit with holding rollers for holding a track grate formed from rails and sleepers and with lifting drives for lifting the track grate and a measuring system for comparing with a target position of the track, wherein the The lifting unit is caused to vibrate by means of a vibration exciter and the vibration is transmitted to the track grate.
  • the invention also relates to a corresponding track construction machine.
  • a tamping machine which has a lifting and straightening unit that can be set in vibration by means of a vibration exciter.
  • the machine is used to carry out a process in which a track is processed in two work passes.
  • a first work pass the track is raised to a target level in a conventional manner using the lifting and straightening unit and tamped using tamping units.
  • the vibration exciter of the lifting and straightening unit remains switched off.
  • the tamping machine travels the same track section a second time.
  • the vibration exciter is activated and the lifting and straightening unit is used as a stabilization unit.
  • a method for processing a ballast track using a track-laying machine wherein the track-laying machine has a lifting unit with holding rollers for holding a track grate formed from rails and sleepers and with lifting drives for lifting the track grate, a control device and a measuring system for comparing with a target position of the track includes.
  • the lifting unit is caused to vibrate by means of a vibration exciter and the vibration is transmitted to the track grate.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving track processing by means of a lifting unit of the type mentioned at the beginning.
  • a track construction machine optimized for the improved process should be specified.
  • the lifting unit is controlled by means of a control device in such a way that during a lifting process, the lifting unit is set into vibration and the track grate is first raised above the target position and then lowered to the target position.
  • cavities initially arise under the sleepers when lifting. These are filled with ballast during the lifting process because the vibrations transmitted to the track grate put the ballast in a flow-like state.
  • the gravel grains located next to and on the sleepers start to move and migrate downwards into the resulting cavities. This combined lifting and oscillating movement takes place beyond the target position so that enough gravel gets under the sleepers. To reach the target position, the oscillating lifting unit is then pushed down.
  • the gravel that gets into the cavities is compacted and forms a stable support for the sleepers.
  • Horizontal vibrations in the transverse direction of the track are advantageously transmitted to the track grate in order to achieve effective compaction of the ballast.
  • the track grate can be raised in a simple manner while at the same time stabilizing the track position.
  • the lifting process is interrupted at least once by lowering the oscillating lifting unit. This leads to a pre-compaction of the ballast that has already been moved under the sleepers. This increases the void volume under the sleepers as the lifting process continues, allowing more gravel to get under the sleepers throughout the entire lifting process.
  • the lifting unit includes straightening drives by means of which the track grate is straightened and that the vibration of the lifting unit is reduced during a straightening process.
  • the lifting unit fulfills the functions of a lifting and straightening unit.
  • disruptive effects of the vibrating unit on a machine frame are negligible because the movably mounted height drives have a vibration-damping effect.
  • the situation is different with a directional movement that occurs in the transverse direction of the track.
  • the straightening drives are activated, the lifting unit cannot oscillate freely in the cross-track direction because straightening forces act between the lifting unit and the machine frame. Disturbing vibration transmission to the machine frame is prevented by reducing the vibration of the lifting unit. Ideally, vibrations are completely switched off while the straightening drives are activated.
  • gravel is applied to the track grate in a previous work process. This is done either with the same track-laying machine or with another machine, for example a ballast plow.
  • the ballast placed on the sleepers is set in motion by the transmitted vibrations and fills the depressions and cavities created during the lifting process. In this way, there is enough subsequent gravel available for the filling processes in order to achieve high lifting values with the present method.
  • ballast is placed on the track grate.
  • the high-quality gravel is initially very mobile and promotes the shifting of the vibrating gravel grains. After compaction, however, there is a very stable structure that is not affected by any contamination or abrasion. This achieves the desired high transverse displacement resistance of the sleepers embedded in the ballast.
  • a further improvement provides that in a subsequent operation, sleepers of the track grate are tamped using a tamping unit.
  • the ballast pre-compacted by the vibrating lifting unit, is brought under the respective threshold even more efficiently using the tamping unit.
  • the lifting unit holds the track grate in the desired position.
  • the machine also includes a measuring system for comparing the lifting level during a lifting process with a target position of the track.
  • a control device is arranged which is set up to control the lifting unit according to one of the methods described. This new control of the lifting unit enables the gravel to be compacted or pre-compacted during a lifting process.
  • the vibration exciter comprises an adjusting device for adjusting an impact force acting on the track grate by the lifting unit.
  • the vibration transmitted to the track grate can be adapted to the given requirements. Particularly during a straightening process, it makes sense to reduce the transmitted vibration to reduce the impact force.
  • the adjustable impact force can be used to lower the track grate in a controlled manner. With the same load, a stronger impact force leads to a faster sinking of the track grating.
  • a tamping unit is arranged on a machine frame or a satellite frame behind the lifting unit with respect to a working direction. This enables multi-stage compaction in one work trip, with the lifting unit causing pre-compression and the tamping unit causing additional compaction.
  • a stabilization unit is arranged behind the lifting unit with respect to a working direction.
  • Such a combination is beneficial for new track laying or after ballast cleaning.
  • the track is raised to a desired target position and pre-compacted using the measuring system and the vibrating lifting unit.
  • the gravel is then further compacted using the stabilization unit.
  • the track construction machine 1 in Fig. 1 comprises a machine frame 2, which is mounted on rail chassis 3 and can be moved on a track 4.
  • the track 4 is a ballast track in which sleepers 6 mounted on ballast 5 and rails 7 connected to them form a track grate 8.
  • a tamping unit 11 is arranged behind a lifting unit 10.
  • a measuring system 12 includes, for example, three measuring cars 13, which record a track position during processing compared to a reference system 14. Either mechanically tensioned measuring gauges or optical devices are used as the reference system 14.
  • a mechanical measuring system 12 includes two leveling chords (one for each rail) and a directional gauge.
  • the tendons are stretched between the two outer measuring cars 13 and there is a measuring sensor 15 on the middle measuring car.
  • an optical measuring system 12 light sources and optical sensors are arranged on the measuring cars 13, by means of which the positions of the measuring cars 13 relative to one another are recorded.
  • the measuring system 12 is used to measure the track grate 8 to be raised to a desired level by means of the vibrating lifting unit 10.
  • the lifting unit 10 comprises a vibration exciter 16.
  • This is preferably constructed in such a way that the lifting unit 10 is set into a horizontal vibration transversely to the longitudinal direction of the machine when the vibration exciter 16 is activated.
  • two rotating unbalances are arranged, the impact forces of which increase in the horizontal direction and cancel out in the vertical direction. It is advantageous if the resulting impact force can be adjusted.
  • either at least four unbalances with mutually adjustable phase positions or unbalances with adjustable eccentricity of the center of mass are provided. With the adjustable impact force, the vibration of the lifting unit 10 can be adapted to optimized specifications without delays.
  • the lifting unit 10 To lift the track grate 8, the lifting unit 10 includes holding rollers 17, which hold the rail heads in place and can be rolled along the rails 7. Flanged rollers and rollers arranged on rolling tongs are used as holding rollers 17. The wheel flange rollers are pressed against the inner edges of the rails using telescopic axles. The rolling tongs grip the rail heads from the outside.
  • the lifting unit 10 includes lifting drives 18, which are connected to the machine frame 2 and can carry out lateral pendulum movements. As a result, the horizontal vibration of the lifting unit 10 is not transmitted to the machine frame 2.
  • the lifting unit 10 also fulfills the function of track straightening.
  • the track 4 is brought laterally into the desired target position.
  • the straightening drives 19 required for this cause the lifting unit 10 to shift laterally relative to the machine frame 2.
  • the vibration exciter 16 is deactivated during track straightening. It is also sufficient to reduce the impact force by adjusting the imbalances that cause vibration.
  • the lifting unit 10 is controlled with a control device 20.
  • a control sequence for the lifting unit 10 is set up in this control device 20.
  • the vibrating lifting unit 10 is raised above a target position of the track 4.
  • the current position of the track grate 8 during the lifting process is compared with the target position using the measuring system 12.
  • FIG. 2 show further advantageous characteristics of a track construction machine 1, by means of which the method according to the invention can be carried out in an optimized manner.
  • a stabilization unit 21 is arranged behind the lifting unit 10 in the working direction 9. This ensures continuous track processing. After the track has been raised using the lifting unit 10, the track 4 is stabilized using the stabilization unit 21.
  • the track construction machine 1 in Fig. 3 is designed as a continuously working tamping machine.
  • the machine 1 moves continuously along the track 4.
  • a satellite 22 with the lifting unit 10 and the tamping unit 11 is moved cyclically forwards and backwards relative to the machine frame 2 in order to position the tamping unit 11 above the respective threshold 6 for the tamping process.
  • the operation of the lifting unit 10 is based on the further Figures 4-7 explained.
  • the track grate 8 is covered with gravel 5 ( Fig. 4 ).
  • gravel 5 was moved from the side of an embankment towards the rails 7 using a gravel plow.
  • the track grate 8 is lifted by means of the lifting unit 10 which is set in vibration, with the vibrations being transmitted to the ballast 5.
  • the vibrating gravel 5 shows a behavior similar to that of a flowing medium. That's why the cavities that appear during during the lifting process under the sleepers 6, immediately filled with moving gravel grains ( Fig. 5 ).
  • a lower impact force is sufficient. Smaller imbalances are therefore provided in the vibration exciter 16 than in a stabilization unit 21.
  • a vibration frequency in a range of 35 Hz to 50 Hz is optimal both during the lifting process and during the downward movement.
  • the invention extends to several working methods with and without a tamping unit 11.
  • the lifting unit 10 is lowered onto track 4.
  • the wheel flange rollers are pressed apart using telescopic axles and the rolling tongs are pressed onto the rails 7.
  • the vibration exciter 16 is then activated and the lifting unit 10 and the held track grate 8 begin to vibrate.
  • the lifting unit 10 is initially held in position via the measuring system 12 in order to avoid unintentional lowering of the track 4.
  • the lifting unit 10 with the track grate 8 held in place is raised several times and lowered in between.
  • This pulsating lifting process is carried out by means of the lifting drives 18, with the measuring system 12 being used to continuously compare the current track position with a predetermined target track position.
  • a change in level (solid line c) of the track grate 8 during a lifting process in the vertical direction z is shown over time t.
  • the track grate 8 should be lifted from a starting position a with a lifting value h to a predetermined target level b.
  • the target level b corresponds to the target position of track 4 in the vertical direction z.
  • the lifting unit 10 follows the course of the track grate and, starting from the starting position a, a new lifting process begins.
  • the track elevation is divided into three sections. In each section, the track grate 8 is first raised relative to a virtual linear track elevation (dashed line e). For example, a corresponding overlift value is stored in the control device 20.
  • the aim of this elevation is to ensure sufficient placement of ballast under the raised sleepers 6. It is advantageous if the extent of the elevation can be adjusted in order to adapt to the condition of the ballast and the desired overall elevation.
  • the lifting process is interrupted in each section by lowering the oscillating lifting unit 10.
  • it can be planned to fall below the level corresponding to a linear track lifting (dashed line e).
  • This increases the intermediate compaction of the ballast 5 and increases the fillable cavities during the subsequent lifting of the track grating.
  • a load can be set via the lifting drives 18, with which the lifting unit 10 presses on the track grate 8 during a lowering phase.
  • Load, impact force and vibration frequency of the lifting unit 10 as well as the lowering duration determine the compaction of the ballast 5 under the sleepers. Adjusting these parameters leads to an optimization of the respective compaction process depending on the condition of the ballast.
  • the track grate 8 is raised above the target level b with a final lowering to the target position. This is done through ongoing adjustment using the measuring system 12.
  • a straight line is specified as the target position for each rail in order to compensate for relative track position errors.
  • An improved track position correction is achieved by specifying an absolute target position. For this purpose, the actual position is measured with respect to specified fixed points before the track is processed. Based on this, the optimal target position is derived, taking various specifications and framework conditions into account.
  • the lifting unit 10 holds the track grate 8 in the position specified by the measuring system 12.
  • the already pre-compacted gravel 5 can be brought under the sleepers 6 more efficiently using the tamping unit 11 and further compacted there. Due to the pre-compaction of the gravel 5, fewer tamping cycles are required compared to a conventional tamping process in order to achieve a predetermined degree of compaction. In addition, the combined compaction processes using the lifting unit 10 and the tamping unit 11 lead to improved compaction results.
  • the lifting unit 10 is lowered onto track 4 at the start of work.
  • the lifting unit 10 is connected to the track grate 8 via the holding rollers 17.
  • the activated vibration exciter 16 causes the lifting unit 10 and the held track grate 8 to vibrate, with undesirable sinking being avoided via the measuring system 12.
  • the lifting unit 10 begins a pulsating lifting and lowering movement.
  • the lifting process is interrupted by lowering phases.
  • the result is a process in which lifting phases continuously alternate with lowering phases.
  • the resulting cavities under the sleepers 6 are filled with gravel 5.
  • This causes the track grate 8 to be raised.
  • the ballast 5 that has reached under the sleepers 6 is compacted. In this way, the track 4 is raised to the desired position by adjusting using the measuring system 12.
  • the pulsating raising and lowering movement can be adjusted to the condition of the gravel and the desired elevation.
  • the corresponding parameters such as lifting force, impact force, vibration frequency and load are set by operating personnel. Presets for these parameters can also be stored in the control device 20.
  • Track 4 can also be straightened.
  • the vibration of the lifting unit 10 is suspended every 1.5 to 2 meters in order to carry out a lateral displacement of the track grate 8 by means of the straightening drives 19.
  • a stabilization unit 21 is used.
  • several units 10, 21 can be arranged on a machine 1, as in Fig. 2 shown.
  • the stabilization unit 21 can be operated with an adjustable impact force.
  • the impact force of the stabilization unit 21 is then controlled via the measuring system 12 so that any longitudinal height errors are smoothed out.
  • Such longitudinal height errors arise in exceptional cases due to the pulsating raising and lowering movement of the lifting unit 10.
  • the ballast 5 is further compacted by means of the stabilization unit 21, which results in an even higher track quality.
  • layer-by-layer compaction of the ballast 5 and restoration of the track geometry for driving clearances up to a certain speed can be carried out even without the use of a tamping unit 11. If necessary, the final step is processing using a tamping machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
EP19813490.0A 2018-12-27 2019-12-02 Verfahren und gleisbaumaschine zur bearbeitung eines schottergleises Active EP3902956B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA390/2018A AT521990B1 (de) 2018-12-27 2018-12-27 Verfahren und Gleisbaumaschine zur Bearbeitung eines Schottergleises
PCT/EP2019/083209 WO2020135973A1 (de) 2018-12-27 2019-12-02 Verfahren und gleisbaumaschine zur bearbeitung eines schottergleises

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3902956A1 EP3902956A1 (de) 2021-11-03
EP3902956C0 EP3902956C0 (de) 2023-11-15
EP3902956B1 true EP3902956B1 (de) 2023-11-15

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19813490.0A Active EP3902956B1 (de) 2018-12-27 2019-12-02 Verfahren und gleisbaumaschine zur bearbeitung eines schottergleises

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US12104330B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP3902956B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP7453977B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN113195830A (ja)
AT (1) AT521990B1 (ja)
EA (1) EA202100174A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2020135973A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT521263B1 (de) 2018-08-20 2019-12-15 Hp3 Real Gmbh Verfahren zur Einzelfehlerbehebung
AT524276A1 (de) * 2020-09-16 2022-04-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Verfahren und Gleisstopfmaschine zum Unterstopfen eines Gleises

Family Cites Families (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT201640B (de) * 1958-10-30 1959-01-10 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Fahrbare Gleisstopfmaschine
CA1082521A (en) * 1976-04-14 1980-07-29 Josef Theurer Method and apparatus for obtaining a controlled degree of ballast compaction in the tamping and leveling of a track
AT371171B (de) * 1981-01-28 1983-06-10 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Gleisnivellierstopf- und richtmaschine mit stabilisationsaggregat
AT389132B (de) * 1987-09-04 1989-10-25 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Kontinuierlich (non-stop) verfahrbare gleisbaumaschine
US4903609A (en) * 1988-09-23 1990-02-27 Kennametal Inc. Tamping blade with improved inserts
DK0499016T3 (da) * 1991-02-12 1995-05-22 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Rensningsmaskine
EP0518845B1 (de) * 1991-06-12 1995-04-12 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft m.b.H. Verfahren und Stopfmaschine zum Verdichten des Schotters eines Gleises
AT400862B (de) * 1992-05-26 1996-04-25 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Gleisbaumaschine mit höhenverstellbarem gleishebeaggregat
ES2130776T3 (es) * 1995-02-09 1999-07-01 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Metodo y maquina para batear y estabilizar una via ferrea.
DK0952254T3 (da) * 1998-03-27 2004-03-15 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Fremgangsmåde til sporpositionskorrektion
CN101061275B (zh) 2004-11-22 2010-06-16 弗兰茨普拉塞铁路机械工业股份有限公司 校正轨道高度位置误差的方法
EP2957674B1 (de) 2014-06-18 2017-10-11 HP3 Real GmbH Verfahren zum Betreiben einer auf einer Gleisanlage verfahrbaren Oberbaumaschine
AU2015303498B2 (en) * 2014-08-13 2020-10-01 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gesellschaft M.B.H. Machine for stabilizing a track
AT516873B1 (de) * 2015-03-03 2016-12-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Maschine zur Stabilisation eines Gleises
AT516590B1 (de) * 2014-11-28 2017-01-15 System 7 - Railsupport GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten der Schotterbettung eines Gleises
AT516547B1 (de) * 2015-02-27 2016-06-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Stopfaggregat zum Unterstopfen von Schwellen eines Gleises
AT517357B1 (de) * 2015-08-21 2017-01-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Stopfaggregat
AT517480B1 (de) * 2015-11-18 2017-02-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Stopfaggregat sowie Verfahren zum Unterstopfen eines Gleises
AT518023B1 (de) * 2015-12-02 2018-04-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Stopfmaschine sowie Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Lagekorrektur eines Gleises

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US12104330B2 (en) 2024-10-01
AT521990A1 (de) 2020-07-15
CN113195830A (zh) 2021-07-30
US20220025585A1 (en) 2022-01-27
EP3902956C0 (de) 2023-11-15
EA202100174A1 (ru) 2021-10-29
JP2022515845A (ja) 2022-02-22
JP7453977B2 (ja) 2024-03-21
WO2020135973A1 (de) 2020-07-02
AT521990B1 (de) 2022-07-15
EP3902956A1 (de) 2021-11-03

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