EP3900075A2 - Verfahren zum herstellen einer festelektrolytmembran oder einer anode und festelektrolytmembran oder anode - Google Patents
Verfahren zum herstellen einer festelektrolytmembran oder einer anode und festelektrolytmembran oder anodeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3900075A2 EP3900075A2 EP19832050.9A EP19832050A EP3900075A2 EP 3900075 A2 EP3900075 A2 EP 3900075A2 EP 19832050 A EP19832050 A EP 19832050A EP 3900075 A2 EP3900075 A2 EP 3900075A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solid electrolyte
- polytetrafluoroethylene
- percent
- weight
- electrolyte membrane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/043—Processes of manufacture in general involving compressing or compaction
- H01M4/0435—Rolling or calendering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
- H01M4/623—Binders being polymers fluorinated polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
- H01M50/406—Moulding; Embossing; Cutting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a solid electrolyte membrane or an anode and a correspondingly produced one
- Solid electrolyte membrane or anode Solid electrolyte membrane or anode.
- Solid-state batteries represent a promising further development of lithium-ion batteries.
- solid-state batteries instead of a liquid electrolyte system, a lithium-ion conductor that is present as a solid is used
- Electrolyte used This also serves as an ion conductor between active material particles and as an ion-conductive separator between the anode and cathode. What is important here is the possibility of large-scale processing of powdered electrode mixtures and the formation of an intimate contact area between solid electrolyte and active materials with as many contact points and as few cavities as possible.
- Solid-state batteries can be categorized based on the electrolyte class used (oxidic, sulfidic and polymer-based). Oxide solid electrolytes have a high chemical and mechanical stability. Processing into non-porous and thin electrodes or solid electrolyte membranes, however, is a great challenge due to the high sintering temperatures.
- Sulfidic electrolyte materials can hardly be separated over a large area.
- various binder-solvent mixtures for the anode, cathode and electrolyte layer are used, since otherwise the layer underneath may dissolve when the layer is applied.
- a disadvantage of such processes is the comparatively high binder content of several percent by weight and the resulting higher electrical and ionic resistances.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to develop anode-side components of a solid-state battery and processes for their production which avoid the disadvantages mentioned, that is to say can be produced over a large area and have the lowest possible electrical and ionic resistances.
- a method for producing a solid electrolyte membrane for a solid-state battery has a method step in which a powder mixture is produced from a solid electrolyte material and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). By the action of shear forces on the powder mixture, at least partially fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene is formed. Subsequently, the powder mixture is formed into a flexible composite layer as the solid electrolyte membrane.
- the powder mixture has a maximum of 1 percent by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene.
- fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene as a binder a use of binder can be reduced, so that only small amounts of a maximum of 1 percent by weight or mass percent of polytetrafluoroethylene of the solid electrolyte membrane are necessary, which means that the
- the low bin content also enables the manufacture and design of a solid electrolyte membrane and anode unit as battery components, which are typically exposed to an electrical voltage of less than 0.1 V compared to lithium, in which the decomposition of the binder material PTFE otherwise leads to undesirable side reactions.
- the low binder content reduces the side reactions mentioned, which enables technically efficient production and design.
- the essence of the invention is the manufacture of a solid electrolyte membrane or anode unit as battery components, which are typically exposed to an electrochemical potential close to that of lithium or sodium, possibly even in direct contact with these elements.
- a powder mixture which should be understood to mean a material in granular form consisting of many small particles with a size of up to 5 pm for the solid electrolyte membrane or 15 pm for active material particles or a granular or lumpy mixture or bulk material.
- the powder mixture can be in dry form to simplify handling. In addition, the powder mixture cannot be free-flowing in the sense of the standard DIN EN ISO 6186.
- “dry” is to be understood to mean that constituents of the powder mixture are in the form of solids free from liquids or materials in a liquid state of aggregation.
- the powder mixture can be solvent-free, i.e. without a solvent. be placed.
- a "flexible composite layer” is to be understood as a composite layer that can be bent or folded and unfolded at room temperature by up to 180 ° without breaking. A bending radius is preferably 90 pm to 100 miti, particularly preferably 100 pm.
- the formation of the at least partially, but alternatively also completely fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene can be achieved by grinding, mixing in a screw shaft or in a calender roll device, kneading device, mortar device or a combination of the methods mentioned in order to ensure efficient fibrillation.
- the formation of the at least partially fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene typically takes place at room temperature, but it is preferred to achieve a binder content of less than 0.5 percent by weight at elevated temperatures of 60 ° C to 100 ° C, particularly preferably at 90 ° C to 100 ° C, especially at 100 ° C.
- the forming of the powder mixture into the flexible composite layer is typically carried out by rolling, pressing or extrusion. However, a combination of the methods mentioned can also be used.
- the polytetrafluoroethylene can be present in the composite layer at least partially as monoaxial and / or biaxially oriented polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the polytetrafluoroethylene can, however, also be present as a fully monoaxial or fully biaxially oriented polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the powder mixture has the solid electrolyte material in a concentration of 99 percent by weight to 99.9 percent by weight and the polytetrafluoroethylene in a concentration of 0.1 percent by weight to 1 percent by weight.
- the powder mixture preferably has less than 0.5 percent by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene, particularly preferably between 0.1 percent by weight and 0.4 percent by weight.
- a solid electrolyte membrane has a solid electrolyte material
- Polytetrafluoroethylene the solid electrolyte membrane having a maximum of 1% by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the method described can be used to produce the solid electrolyte membrane described, ie the solid electrolyte membrane described can be produced by the described method.
- a solid electrolyte electrode assembly comprises a solid electrolyte membrane with the properties described, which directly, ie in direct contact with the contact, diverts onto a first active layer and a first current, typically in the form of a first carrier film or first
- first electrode unit Current conductor layer made of an electrically conductive material, first electrode unit is applied.
- electrically conductive is to be understood here to mean any material which, at room temperature, ie 25 ° C., has an electrical conductivity of more than 10 5 S / m.
- the solid electrolyte membrane and the first active layer form a laminate, that is to say the solid electrolyte membrane is laminated onto the first active layer.
- the method described above can also be used to produce an anode unit.
- a powder mixture of an electrode material, a solid electrolyte material, an electrically conductive conductive additive and polytetrafluoroethylene is produced for the anode unit and at least partially fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene is formed by the action of shear forces on the powder mixture.
- the powder mixture is formed into a layer of a composite material of the anode unit arranged on a current conductor, the powder mixture having a maximum of 1 percent by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the solid electrolyte membrane and the layer made of a composite material of the anode unit, which functions as a second active layer form a laminate, that is to say the solid electrolyte membrane is laminated onto the second active layer.
- An anode unit that can be produced, for example, with the described method, for a lithium battery or another solid-state battery typically has an electrically conductive current conductor and a layer made of a composite material arranged on the current conductor.
- the sales Bundwerkstoff has an electrode material, a solid electrolyte material, an electrically conductive conductive additive and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a binder.
- the composite material has between 0.1 percent by weight and 1 percent by weight polytetrafluoroethylene and that
- Polytetrafluoroethylene is at least partially fibrillated
- fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene as a binder, the use of binders can be reduced, so that only small amounts of polytetrafluoroethylene are necessary and the electrical properties are therefore improved.
- electrically conductive is to be understood here in particular to mean any material which has an electrical conductivity of more than 10 6 S / m at room temperature, ie 25 ° C.
- the composite material is typically solvent-free to enable easier processing and easier application.
- the polytetrafluoroethylene in the composite material is oriented at least partially monoaxially and / or biaxially
- Polytetrafluoroethylene is present to adjust the mechanical properties as desired. It can of course also be provided that the polytetrafluoroethylene is present as completely monoaxial or biaxially oriented or aligned polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the composite material can have the electrically conductive electrode material in an amount of 60 percent by weight to 99 percent by weight, preferably up to 100 percent by weight.
- the composite material typically has at least 0.1 percent by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene in order to have sufficient binders available.
- the composite material preferably has less than 0.5 percent by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene, particularly preferably between 0.1 percent by weight and
- the electrically conductive electrode material can have lithium, sodium, graphite, hard carbon, that is to say non-graphitic and / or non-graphitizable carbon material, Li 4 Ti 5 0i 2 or a mixture of the materials mentioned.
- lithium can be exchanged for sodium in all the compounds mentioned in this application.
- the solid electrolyte material is typically in the pul mixture with between 13 percent by weight and 35 percent by weight.
- Carbon nanotubes, carbon blacks, graphite, graphene and / or carbon fibers with between 1 percent by weight can be used as the main additive
- the solid electrolyte material is typically an electrochemically active material.
- the leading additive can be an electrochemically inactive material.
- the electrode material can have a protective layer which is applied to particles of this material. This protective layer is intended to prevent side reactions between the solid electrolyte material and the electrode material.
- the protective layer can have, for example, ⁇ 2 0-ZGq 2 or other metal oxides.
- Each particle of the electrode material can have a protective layer with a thickness of typically 2-5 nm.
- the electrically conductive current conductor of the anode unit typically comprises an electrically conductive material, preferably nickel, copper or stainless steel or a corresponding alloy, or is made entirely of this material.
- the current collector can be used as a, in particular special flat, current collector layer or current collector film with preferably double-sided coating, as expanded metal, as a foam, as a fiber fabric, as a fiber fabric or as provided with a primer layer
- the primer layer can also be used here be flat.
- the flexible composite layer is preferably applied to the electrically conductive current conductor to form the cathode unit. It can also be seen before to compress the flexible composite layer and / or the current arrester subsequently.
- the application of the flexible composite layer on the electrically conductive current conductor is typically carried out at temperatures between 60 ° C. and 120 ° C., preferably 80 ° C. to 100 ° C.
- a solid-state battery comprises a solid electrolyte electrode assembly with the properties described, a second electrode unit having a second active layer and a second carrier film being applied to a surface of the solid electrolyte membrane opposite the first electrode unit.
- a material of the second carrier film is typically different from a material of the first carrier film.
- Figure 1 is a schematic side view of an anode.
- FIG. 2 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1, the anode with a solid electrolyte membrane
- FIG. 3 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1, the anode provided with the solid electrolyte membrane and a cathode;
- FIG. 5 shows a discharge voltage profile of a test cell with a binder content of 0 percent by weight
- Fig. 6 in a representation corresponding to Figure 5, the discharge voltage profile of the test cell with a binder content of
- FIG. 11 shows a scanning electron microscope image corresponding to FIG. 4 of an anode containing graphite
- FIG. 12 shows a scanning electron microscope image corresponding to FIG. 4 of a solid electrolyte membrane
- FIG. 13 shows a diagram of a voltage curve over time of a symmetrically constructed battery cell
- FIG. 14 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 13 of the voltage curve of a symmetrical battery cell provided with polytetrafluoroethylene as a binder;
- Dry film electrode in combination with an electrolyte dry film and a dry cathode film.
- the first electrode 2 is formed in the exemplary embodiment shown from a composite material in powder form.
- the composite material has 85 percent by weight lithium-nickel-manganese cobalt (NCM), 13 percent by weight of a solid electrolyte material such as Li 2 S-P2S5 or Li 6 PS 5 CI (argyrodite), 2 percent by weight of electrically conductive carbon nanotubes as a leading additive and 0. 1 percent by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene as a binder.
- NCM lithium-nickel-manganese cobalt
- a solid electrolyte material such as Li 2 S-P2S5 or Li 6 PS 5 CI (argyrodite)
- 2 percent by weight of electrically conductive carbon nanotubes as a leading additive
- 0. 1 percent by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene as a binder.
- the binder content refers to the total mass with an NCM: C: SE ratio of 85: 2: 13 (SE is intended as an abbreviation for "solid electrolyte” to denote the solid electrolyte material).
- the composite material obtained is powdery, dry and solvent-free, but not free-flowing.
- the composite material can be mixed in a mortar. Shear forces are exerted on the mixture forming the composite material or the powder mixture, which cause fibril formation along the force vector.
- the composite material is rolled out on a plate with a roller to a desired layer thickness and laminated onto the carrier film 1.
- the carrier film 1 has a thickness of less than 20 pm and is optionally provided with a carbon primer.
- the cathode unit is finally assembled by punching or laser cutting.
- the composite material can be added as a powder mixture or bulk material directly into a calender nip without solvent additives.
- different rotation speeds of the two calender rolls are used, for example in a ratio of 10: 9 to 10: 4.
- a shear force is exerted on the composite material in the gap, which causes fibrils to form along the direction of the roll.
- the layer is laminated onto the substrate film 1 in a subsequent step and a final assembly takes place by punching or laser cutting.
- the formation of a film in the calender nip also enables the layers involved to be compacted strongly during film formation. What is important here is coordinated particle size distributions of the powdery materials that are used for the composite material in order to fill gaps in the large particles with smaller ones as space-efficiently as possible and to keep porosity low.
- the film therefore has a density of 1.7-1.9 g / cm 3 before pressing, which corresponds to a porosity of 50 to 55 percent. After pressing or compacting, the density is usually 3.5 g / cm 3 and the porosity with a value of up to 10 percent approaches the ideal value of 0 percent porosity.
- the resulting cathode unit thus has the layer sequence of substrate film 1 - first electrode 2.
- the composition of the first electrode 2 is typically as follows: cathode active material: 60 to 99 weight percent, solid electrolyte material 13 to 35 weight percent, lead additive 2 to 5 weight percent, whereby the binder (polytetrafluoroethylene) makes up 0.1 to 1 percent by weight of the total mass.
- the pressing mentioned above is typically carried out as a process step.
- All processing steps in which the solid electrolyte material is involved preferably take place under protective gas, for example an inert gas, preferably argon, or nitrogen, or dry air with a dew point below -50 ° C.
- protective gas for example an inert gas, preferably argon, or nitrogen, or dry air with a dew point below -50 ° C.
- an anode unit can also be produced using the method described.
- Nickel or stainless steel foil or copper is used as the substrate or current conductor layer 1.
- Polytetrafluoroethylene is added to the powder mixture with 0.3 weight percent to 1 weight percent of the total mass.
- hard carbon, lithium, a lithium alloy, in particular a lithium indium alloy or silicon can also be used for the anode.
- FIG. 2 the view corresponding to FIG. 1 shows the cathode unit comprising the carrier film 1 and the first electrode 2, a solid electrolyte membrane 3 now being in direct contact, that is to say in direct contact, on one side or surface of the first electrode 2 on which the Carrier film 1 is attached as a current conductor layer in direct contact, the opposite side or surface is arranged. While the carrier film 1 and the first electrode 2 lie flush one above the other, that is to say they have identical dimensions except for their respective thickness, the solid electrolyte membrane 3 is wider than the first electrode 2. Recurring features in this figure and in the following figures have identical reference numerals Mistake.
- FIG. 3 shows in a view corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2 a solid-state battery in which an anode unit is placed on the side opposite the solid electrolyte membrane 3 to the structure shown in FIG. 2.
- the anode unit is formed from a second electrode 4 as a second active layer and a second substrate film 5 as a second current collector layer, which in turn are in direct contact with one another.
- the second electrode 4 is in direct contact with the solid electrolyte membrane 3.
- the solid electrolyte membrane 3, the second electrode 4 and the second carrier film 5 are aligned one above the other, the second carrier film 5 having the smallest thickness, the second electrode 4 having the greatest thickness and the thickness of the solid electrolyte membrane 3 lies between the thickness of the second electrode 4 and the second carrier film 5.
- the capacities are typically matched to one another, which results in the thicknesses.
- the first electrode can, for example, have a thickness of 100 pm, the second electrode as a lithium anode, for example, up to 10 pm.
- the thicknesses of the first carrier film 1 and the second carrier film 5 can also be identical.
- the thickness of the first electrode 2 is greater than the thickness of the solid electrolyte membrane 3, which in turn has a greater thickness than the first carrier film 1.
- the solid electrolyte membrane S is also formed by the described method.
- a powder mixture of more than 99.9 percent by weight solid electrolyte and 0.1 percent by weight polytetrafluoroethylene is processed analogously to cathode production until a film is produced. This results in a solid electrolyte film with the following properties:
- the cell stack shown in a schematic side view in FIG. 3 can be provided with a battery housing designed as a pouch bag or hard case.
- the stack is then compacted and clamped so that a solid-state battery is obtained. It is thus possible to build up all layers of the solid-state battery with the same binder and to laminate or otherwise connect them directly to one another. As a result, homogeneous and compact interfaces can be obtained which do not impair battery performance. Nevertheless, it is possible to combine the components with components produced in a different way.
- the method described allows electrodes to be produced without the addition of solvents. Since to operate a solid-state battery this is mechanically strained in the end, the binder function is only required for film formation, but not for stabilizing the layers during operation of the finished cell.
- FIG. 4 shows a scanning electron microscope image (SEM image) of a dry film made of NCM, solid electrolyte (SE), carbon fibers (CNF) in a mass ratio of 85: 13: 2 and 0.3 percent by weight of the total mass of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- SEM image scanning electron microscope image
- SE solid electrolyte
- CNF carbon fibers
- FIGS. 5 to 9 each show discharge voltage profiles of test cells of the solid-state battery described. An electrical voltage is plotted against the capacitance.
- Figure 5 the Proportion of polytetrafluoroethylene 0 percent by weight, in FIG. 6 0.1 percent by weight, in FIG. 7 0.3 percent by weight, in FIG. 8 0.7 percent by weight and in FIG. 10 1 percent by weight.
- FIG. 10 shows an impedance measurement in a Nyquist diagram, in which an imaginary part is plotted over a real part.
- the measurement curves show a test cell with a binder content of 0.1 percent by weight
- FIG. 11 shows the second electrode 4 of the anode unit, which was made from graphite, solid electrolyte material and 0.7 percent by weight polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the solid electrolyte membrane 3 is made of a solid electrolyte material and
- FIG. 13 shows a diagram of an electrical voltage profile of a symmetrical battery cell. Over a period of 200 hours, the symmetrical battery cell, which consists of two lithium anodes and a membrane made of solid electrolyte material, was operated with a current density of
- the voltage curve for a battery cell with 0.7 weight percent polytetrafluoroethylene in the membrane made of solid electrolyte dry film is shown in FIG.
- the measurement cycle corresponds to the measurement cycle described in connection with FIG. 13 and the overvoltage again remains stable during the measurement. It can be concluded that side reactions of the binder are negligible.
- FIG. 15 shows impedance spectra for the electrical conductivity determination of the solid electrolyte material or of the solid electrolyte at room temperature.
- the electrical conductivity of the solid electrolyte membrane 3 is due the low binder content of 0.7 percent by weight only marginally worsened. Wet chemical approaches partially reduce the electrical conductivity by a factor of 10.
- FIG. 16 shows a diagram of a voltage profile of a first charging section of a graphite dry film electrode in combination with an electrolyte dry film as solid electrolyte membrane 3 and a cathode dry film.
- the continuous measurement curve relates to a binder fraction of 0 percent by weight in all used, the dashed curve to a binder fraction of 0.3 percent by weight polytetrafluoroethylene and the dotted
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018222142.1A DE102018222142A1 (de) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Festelektrolytmembran oder einer Anode und Festelektrolytmembran oder Anode |
| PCT/EP2019/085594 WO2020127223A2 (de) | 2018-12-18 | 2019-12-17 | Verfahren zum herstellen einer festelektrolytmembran oder einer anode und festelektrolytmembran oder anode |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3900075A2 true EP3900075A2 (de) | 2021-10-27 |
Family
ID=69105808
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19832050.9A Pending EP3900075A2 (de) | 2018-12-18 | 2019-12-17 | Verfahren zum herstellen einer festelektrolytmembran oder einer anode und festelektrolytmembran oder anode |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12100858B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3900075A2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7557466B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR102842847B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102018222142A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020127223A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3878037A1 (de) | 2018-11-06 | 2021-09-15 | QuantumScape Battery, Inc. | Elektrochemische zellen mit katholytadditiven und mit lithiumgefüllten granat-separatoren |
| DE102018222129A1 (de) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-06-18 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Kathodeneinheit und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kathodeneinheit |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| DE102018222142A1 (de) | 2020-06-18 |
| JP2022514039A (ja) | 2022-02-09 |
| US12100858B2 (en) | 2024-09-24 |
| KR102842847B1 (ko) | 2025-08-07 |
| KR20210113995A (ko) | 2021-09-17 |
| WO2020127223A2 (de) | 2020-06-25 |
| JP7557466B2 (ja) | 2024-09-27 |
| WO2020127223A3 (de) | 2020-08-13 |
| US20220029242A1 (en) | 2022-01-27 |
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