EP3887244B1 - Verfahren und unterseeboot zur schnellen ausbringung einer gruppe von tauchern unter wasser - Google Patents

Verfahren und unterseeboot zur schnellen ausbringung einer gruppe von tauchern unter wasser Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3887244B1
EP3887244B1 EP19809413.8A EP19809413A EP3887244B1 EP 3887244 B1 EP3887244 B1 EP 3887244B1 EP 19809413 A EP19809413 A EP 19809413A EP 3887244 B1 EP3887244 B1 EP 3887244B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
submarine
divers
area
waiting area
drop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19809413.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3887244C0 (de
EP3887244A1 (de
Inventor
Andreas Malletschek
Torge Smyrek
Sven Harder
Birte Quiter
Rainer Rostek
Andreas Kölsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3887244A1 publication Critical patent/EP3887244A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3887244C0 publication Critical patent/EP3887244C0/de
Publication of EP3887244B1 publication Critical patent/EP3887244B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/28—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/28—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment
    • B63G8/32—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment of torpedo-launching means; of torpedo stores or handlers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/40—Rescue equipment for personnel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a submarine which enables a group of divers to be placed quickly under water.
  • the process of ejecting a diver underwater is comparatively slow.
  • the lock must be filled with air, connected to the inside of the pressure hull, and the diver can enter.
  • the lock is then flooded, although it may be necessary to ensure that the diver's pressure is equalized accordingly.
  • the lock is then opened to the outside and the diver can swim freely. If this procedure is carried out for an entire group, the first diver will be in the water for a comparatively long time, which reduces the air they breathe and can possibly lead to hypothermia.
  • the lock could be built so large that the entire group could be expelled at once. However, this would require an extremely large amount of space and could also have a major influence on the weight and trim of the boat. Therefore, this route is not feasible for most smaller submarines.
  • the submarine can surface further.
  • the group can then leave the submarine comparatively quickly.
  • the object of the invention is to create a method and a submarine with which a group of divers can be dropped underwater and with only a minimal stay of the submarine in the drop-off area.
  • water flows through means that this area is connected to the surrounding water, so that there is a pressure equalization between the area through which water flows and the environment.
  • an area through which water flows will preferably flood through the connections with the environment.
  • the waiting area is particularly preferably arranged inside the tower. This means the divers can be ejected during the journey. Since all divers are already in the water when the drop-off area is reached and no further locking process has to be carried out, the drop-off can then take place very quickly, as only one hatch in the outer skin of the submarine has to be opened, which allows the divers to move more quickly Follow the waiting area into the water surrounding the submarine. There is no longer a need for a lock be operated. This minimizes the length of stay and the reconnaissance risk of the submarine in the drop-off area.
  • the drop-off area is the place where the divers are dropped off from the submarine.
  • the drop area is therefore the geographical target point at which the divers should leave the submarine for their mission, the drop area usually having a certain margin of error compared to an exact point, which results in a range.
  • the drop-off area can, for example, be an area around a geographical target point with a radius of half, a quarter or a tenth of a nautical mile.
  • the divers After being dropped off, the divers carry out their mission (usually swimming) independently of the submarine.
  • the submarine During deployment, the submarine is generally stationary or moves only very slightly so that all divers can begin the mission as close together as possible. Since the drop-off area is usually close to the divers' actual target, the submarine is also exposed to the greatest risk of discovery in the drop-off area. In addition, due to the setting down and standstill, there is practically no maneuverability in the event of an attack without endangering the divers. The time that the submarine stays in the drop-off area is therefore the time of greatest threat. This time is just reduced by the method according to the invention.
  • the submarine While the submarine is traveling into the drop-off area in step a), on the one hand it is not yet in the drop-off area, on the other hand the submarine can move and can therefore carry out maneuvers and also maneuver in the event of a sudden threat.
  • the journey to the settling area in step a) is usually carried out at slow speed, i.e. at low speed, for example 1 to 4 knots, to avoid noise and thus to minimize the probability of detection.
  • the submarine is not in the drop-off area, but is on the way there.
  • the waiting area is therefore an area through which water flows but is protected from the current.
  • a current is definitely created by the movement of the submarine. This flow would have two effects.
  • divers could be driven away, but on the other hand, the current also has a direct negative effect on the divers.
  • An example of this is the increased heat dissipation caused by a flow, another example is the effort required to hold on against such a flow. This can lead to exhaustion of the divers and use up energy that is needed for the actual operation.
  • the divers are supplied with breathing air in the waiting area after they are discharged.
  • the supply can be provided via a fixed facility or via additional breathing air devices.
  • the advantage of the permanent facility is that it can directly access the submarine's large supplies.
  • additional breathing air devices is preferred.
  • These can be open, semi-closed or closed systems act. Closed systems have the advantage that no bubbles form, which increase the detectability of the submarine. Open systems have the advantage that they are simpler and carry a larger air supply for the same size.
  • An additional breathing apparatus is preferably provided for each diver.
  • Breathing air also called breathing gas
  • breathing gas includes all gas mixtures that can be used for breathing.
  • mixtures with noble gases and mixtures with an increased oxygen content.
  • Some well-known gas mixtures are known, for example, under the names Nitrox, Trimix, Triox, Heliair, Heliox, Neox.
  • the divers are supplied with electrical energy for heating in the waiting area after they have been discharged.
  • the electrical energy is used in particular for heating to counteract hypothermia.
  • Electrical energy can also be supplied centrally via the on-board network or separately, for example in the form of battery packs. If a central supply is provided, it can preferably be switched from inside the pressure body.
  • the advantage of using battery packs is that they are removable. This means that they can only be installed for planned use. This reduces the contact time with the water, especially for the electrical connections.
  • the divers after being discharged in the waiting area, can communicate with the interior of the pressure hull via a communication connection.
  • the communication channel can, for example, be designed as a unidirectional or bidirectional voice connection.
  • the communication port can be connected to a communication device carried by the diver.
  • an installed communication device can also be present in the waiting area.
  • the installed communication device can be a display device, particularly preferably with a manual input device.
  • At least one piece of equipment for the divers in the waiting area is supplied with energy.
  • Energy is preferably provided electrically, hydraulically and/or pneumatically.
  • the submarine reduces its speed to drop the divers from the waiting area.
  • the invention in a further aspect, relates to a submarine, wherein the submarine has a pressure hull and a tower.
  • the submarine has a lock, the lock having a first access from the pressure hull and a second access to the interior of the tower.
  • the interior of the tower has a waiting area for divers, with water flowing through the waiting area.
  • a breathing air supply is arranged in the waiting area.
  • the supply can be provided via a fixed facility or via additional breathing air devices.
  • the advantage of the permanent facility is that it can directly access the submarine's large supplies.
  • additional breathing air devices is preferred.
  • These can be open, semi-closed or closed systems. Closed systems have the advantage that no bubbles form, which increase the detectability of the submarine. Open systems have the advantage that they are simpler and carry a larger air supply for the same size.
  • the additional breathing apparatus is preferably attached to the submarine and is not carried by the diver when ejecting or disembarking.
  • the waiting area has connections for heating divers.
  • the electrical energy is used in particular for heating to counteract hypothermia.
  • Electrical energy can also be supplied centrally via the on-board network or separately, for example in the form of battery packs. If a central supply is provided, it can preferably be switched from inside the pressure body.
  • the advantage of using battery packs is that they are removable. This means that they can only be installed for planned use.
  • the waiting area has communication connections.
  • the communication channel can, for example, be designed as a unidirectional or bidirectional voice connection.
  • a communication device can also be provided, for example and in particular a display, via which current information can be made available to the divers. This allows the divers' mission to be adapted to current changes until immediately before they are dropped off.
  • the waiting area has at least one first light source and/or at least one first optical sensor, preferably at least one first light source and at least one first optical sensor.
  • the first light source and the first optical sensor are preferably coordinated with one another. In particular, this ensures that the crew inside the pressure hull can see how the ejection process is going or whether problems occur in the waiting area.
  • the at least one first lamp is dimmable.
  • the at least one first light source emits in a wavelength range that has a short range under water and thus does not change the probability of detection if possible.
  • the at least one first optical sensor is a camera which transmits an image of the waiting area into the pressure hull of the submarine.
  • the camera can be designed as a monochrome camera in order to get by with a particularly small amount of light.
  • the at least one first light source and the at least one first optical sensor can emit or be sensitive in the infrared range, particularly preferably in the range from 800 to 1100 nm or in the range 1600 to 1800 nm.
  • the advantage in the near-infrared range is that the absorption in water is such that, although illumination at short distances is possible, the range is reduced due to the increased absorption.
  • the waiting area has at least a first storage area in which equipment for the divers can be stowed until they are dropped off.
  • the waiting area has safety devices for the divers.
  • the divers can use the safety devices to temporarily protect themselves against external forces and do not have to actively compensate for them themselves.
  • Safety devices can be tethers, preferably with fasteners, foot straps and/or headbands. In one embodiment, the safety devices are foldable or removable.
  • a submarine 10 according to the invention is shown.
  • the submarine 10 has a pressure hull 20 and a tower 30, as well as a lock 40 through which divers 50 can be removed from the pressure hull 20 into the waiting area of the tower 30.
  • the lock 40 shown has three openings, one downwards into the pressure body 20, a central one directed forward or laterally into the waiting area in the tower 30 and an upward opening for direct exit.
  • Connection stations 60 are arranged within the waiting area in tower 30, one connection station 60 for each diver 50.
  • connection station 60 is in Fig. 2 shown.
  • the connection station 60 has a display 70 through which information is transmitted to the divers can.
  • the display 70 can preferably also be designed as a data input device.
  • the connection station 60 has a breathing air supply 80, for example a breathing air device.
  • the connection station 60 also has a power supply 90, for example a battery pack. This can be used to operate the diver's heating.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross section through the submarine 10.
  • the pressure hull 20 is at the bottom and the tower 30 is at the top.
  • a lock 40 is arranged between the pressure hull 20 and the interior of the tower 30. Through the lock 40, divers 50 can get into the waiting area 120 under the outer shell within the tower 30.
  • Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 the method according to the invention is sketched roughly and simplified.
  • Fig. 4 is shown how the submarine 10 moves into the drop-off area.
  • the divers 50 are taken to the waiting area. Since the waiting area is located under the outer shell, it is not visible here.
  • the divers 50 (symbolized here as a circle) are dropped off. Since no locking process is necessary from the waiting area, it happens very quickly; the submarine 10 only has to stay in the drop-off area 100 for a very short time. This one is in Fig. 5 shown.
  • the submarine 10 leaves the drop-off area, as shown in Fig. 6 shown. Divers 50 swim towards target 110.
  • the probability of detection for the submarine 10 and thus the threat to the submarine 10 depends on the distance of the target 110 and that the threat is higher the closer the submarine 10 is to the target 110, there There is potentially a stronger search there or the target 110 has measures for detecting submarines 10, then it can be seen that the danger in the example shown is highest for the submarine 10 in the drop-off area 100.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
EP19809413.8A 2018-11-26 2019-11-21 Verfahren und unterseeboot zur schnellen ausbringung einer gruppe von tauchern unter wasser Active EP3887244B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018220268.0A DE102018220268A1 (de) 2018-11-26 2018-11-26 Verfahren und Unterseeboot zur schnellen Ausbringung einer Gruppe von Tauchern unter Wasser
PCT/EP2019/082068 WO2020109128A1 (de) 2018-11-26 2019-11-21 Verfahren und unterseeboot zur schnellen ausbringung einer gruppe von tauchern unter wasser

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3887244A1 EP3887244A1 (de) 2021-10-06
EP3887244C0 EP3887244C0 (de) 2023-11-08
EP3887244B1 true EP3887244B1 (de) 2023-11-08

Family

ID=68696390

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19809413.8A Active EP3887244B1 (de) 2018-11-26 2019-11-21 Verfahren und unterseeboot zur schnellen ausbringung einer gruppe von tauchern unter wasser

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3887244B1 (es)
DE (1) DE102018220268A1 (es)
ES (1) ES2970632T3 (es)
WO (1) WO2020109128A1 (es)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1642127A (en) * 1926-10-28 1927-09-13 Orlowsky Wassyl Life-saving device for submarine vessels
GB335622A (en) * 1928-04-04 1930-09-29 Electric Boat Co Improvements in or relating to bridge structures for submarine vessels
US2076219A (en) * 1935-05-03 1937-04-06 Belloni Angelo Means for facilitating escape from submerged craft
DE2801534C3 (de) * 1978-01-14 1980-09-25 Bruker-Physik Ag, 7512 Rheinstetten Warmwasser-Kreislaufheizung in Arbeits-U-Booten oder Tauchkammern
EP0850830A3 (en) * 1996-12-30 1999-10-20 Javier Silvano Arzola A submarine
WO2009002520A2 (en) * 2007-06-26 2008-12-31 Talmor Amnon G Shallow water wet-dry vehicle and a littoral fighting vehicle
DE102007035433B3 (de) * 2007-07-28 2008-11-06 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Gmbh Unterseeboot
DE102015221496A1 (de) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-04 Thyssenkrupp Ag Unterwasserrettung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102018220268A1 (de) 2020-05-28
WO2020109128A1 (de) 2020-06-04
EP3887244C0 (de) 2023-11-08
EP3887244A1 (de) 2021-10-06
ES2970632T3 (es) 2024-05-29

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