EP3874081A1 - Kompositbauteil enthaltend ein polychloropren- und/oder polyurethan-bindemittel - Google Patents
Kompositbauteil enthaltend ein polychloropren- und/oder polyurethan-bindemittelInfo
- Publication number
- EP3874081A1 EP3874081A1 EP19797220.1A EP19797220A EP3874081A1 EP 3874081 A1 EP3874081 A1 EP 3874081A1 EP 19797220 A EP19797220 A EP 19797220A EP 3874081 A1 EP3874081 A1 EP 3874081A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- aqueous composition
- weight
- dispersion
- binder
- composite component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
- D04H1/641—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions characterised by the chemical composition of the bonding agent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
- D06N3/0088—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
- D06N3/142—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes mixture of polyurethanes with other resins in the same layer
- D06N3/144—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes mixture of polyurethanes with other resins in the same layer with polyurethane and polymerisation products, e.g. acrylics, PVC
Definitions
- Composite component containing a polychloroprene and / or polyurethane binder
- the invention relates to a method for producing a composite component, comprising the steps:
- coagulating the aqueous composition on the nonwoven by contacting with a coagulant and / or heating to 80 to 220 ° C to form a semi-finished product comprising a binder formed from the aqueous composition; iii) if appropriate, attaching a decor which has an adhesive film;
- step iv) then deforming the semi-finished product from step ii) or iii) by pressing and / or heating to 30 to 220 ° C. in order to obtain the composite component;
- the invention relates to a composite component which can be obtained by the method according to the invention and which contains or consists of this composite component.
- the invention relates to the use of the composite component of the present invention as part of an interior lining, a sun visor, a support part, a 2 or 3-dimensional soundproofing plate, a 3-dimensional pressure component, a cushioning material, a collision protection, a seat shell and a shockproofing as well as the use of an aqueous composition according to the invention as a binder for composite components.
- Light composite components in particular as part of a cushion element, are known for example from EP 2 933 136 Al.
- Such composite components consist among other things of a fleece and a binder.
- common composite components often contain a thermosetting binder.
- a three-dimensional stochastic fiber composite material bonded with thermosetting binders are not point-elastic.
- the material of the fiber is severely restricted and is made of polyethylene terephthalate.
- the arrangement of the material to the surface area always requires a fleece and to create comfort, for example in seat shells an additional comfort insert. This special composite material does not meet the requirements for good shaping due to its less good drapability.
- VOC volatile organic compounds
- the object was achieved by a method for producing a composite component, comprising the steps:
- coagulating the aqueous composition on the nonwoven by contacting with a coagulant and / or heating to 80 to 220 ° C to form a semi-finished product comprising a binder formed from the aqueous composition; iii) if appropriate, attaching a decor which has an adhesive film;
- step iv) then deforming the semi-finished product from step ii) or iii) by pressing and / or heating to 30 to 220 ° C. in order to obtain the composite component;
- aqueous composition contains at least one thickener.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a composite component, comprising the steps:
- coagulating the aqueous composition on the nonwoven by contacting with a coagulant and / or heating to 80 to 220 ° C to form a semi-finished product comprising a binder formed from the aqueous composition; iii) if appropriate, attaching a decor which has an adhesive film;
- step iv) then deforming the semi-finished product from step ii) or iii) by pressing and / or heating to 30 to 200 ° C. in order to obtain the composite component;
- aqueous composition contains at least one thickener.
- the invention relates to a composite component which can be obtained by the method according to the invention.
- the invention relates to an object containing the composite component or consisting of the composite component of the present invention.
- the invention also relates to the use of the composite component according to the present invention as part of an interior lining, a sun visor, a support part, a 2 or 3-dimensional soundproofing panel, a 3-dimensional pressure component, an upholstery material, a collision protection, a seat shell and shock insulation.
- the invention relates to the use of an aqueous composition which contains a polychloroprene dispersion and / or a polyurethane dispersion as defined in the present invention as a binder for composite components.
- At least one refers to 1 or more, for example 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more. In the context of the invention described herein, this indication does not refer to the absolute amount or number of a molecule or "At least one additive” therefore means, for example, that at least one type of additive is present, but two or more different types of additive may also be present. At least one does not refer to the amount of additive molecules that are present in the composition.
- the invention relates to:
- a method for producing a composite component comprising the steps or consisting of the steps:
- aqueous composition containing a polychloroprene dispersion and / or a polyurethane dispersion to at least one nonwoven, preferably by spraying, dipping or injection;
- ii) coagulating the aqueous composition on the nonwoven by contacting with a coagulant and / or heating to 80 to 220 ° C, preferably 180 to 220 ° C, to form a semi-finished product, which is a binder that comes from the aqueous Composition was formed includes; iii) if appropriate, attaching a decor which has an adhesive film; iv) then shaping the semi-finished product from step ii) or iii) by pressing, preferably for 0.1 to 30 seconds, more preferably 1 to 15 seconds, particularly preferably for 3 to 10 seconds, and / or heating to 30 to 220 ° C. , preferably 60 to 220 ° C, particularly preferably to 180 to 220 ° C to obtain the composite component;
- step ii) optionally applying a layer, preferably made of a thermoplastic polymer or resin, particularly preferably the binder as in step ii), to a part or the entire surface of the composite component and then optionally applying a decoration;
- step iv) or v) further shaping by renewed pressing and / or treatment with heat;
- aqueous composition contains at least one thickener.
- the polychloroprene dispersion and / or the polyurethane dispersion has an average particle size of 60 to 300 nm.
- the composition further contains an aqueous silicon dioxide dispersion.
- the aqueous composition comprises
- At least one thickener preferably selected from polyacrylic acids, water-soluble polyurethanes, silicas, cellulose derivatives such as polycarboxylated cellulose ethers, nonionic cellulose ethers and microfibrillated cellulose, alginates, xanthans, polyvinyl alcohols and mixtures thereof;
- Method according to embodiment 3 or 4 characterized in that the amount of c) 10 to 90 wt .-%, preferably 25 to 85 wt .-%, particularly preferably 40 to 75 wt .-% based on the total weight of the non-volatile components of the aqueous Composition is.
- Method according to embodiment 4 or 5 characterized in that the aqueous composition
- aqueous composition determines a viscosity of 500 to 7,000 mPa * s according to DIN ISO 2555 by means of a Brookfield rotary viscometer with spindle # 2 up to a viscosity of 2,500 mPa * s and above with a spindle # 3, at 12 rpm and 23 ° C.
- Method according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that after step ii) 20 to 600 g / m 2 dry weight, preferably 200 to 400 g / m 2 dry weight, more preferably 250 to 350 g / m 2 dry weight, of binder on a nonwoven available. If a decorative layer is also glued on, the amount of binder typically increases by the amount of binder used for bonding with the decorative layer.
- Method according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the at least one nonwoven made of polyolefin, polyethylene terephthalate, polyether sulfone, glass, mineral, carbon or plant-based fibers, such as Cotton fibers, coconut fibers, rice cotton fibers, or mixtures thereof; and or
- a nonwoven has a density of 300 to 1200 g / m 2 , preferably 400 to 550 g / m 2 or 900 to 1100 g / m 2 .
- Method according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that at least two nonwovens are used and the binder is between the nonwovens.
- Method according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that a coagulant is used, preferably a saline solution, more preferably a CaCl 2 solution.
- the adhesive film consists of a binder obtained from an aqueous composition as defined in step (i), which is coagulated as in step (ii), the binder preferably not is completely dried to obtain a moist adhesive film.
- the decor for example a textile fabric with foam backing, leather or a film, is also wetted with binder in step iii) on one side, in the case of a textile fabric with foam backing on the foam side , but not or not completely dried, so that a moist adhesive film is preserved and
- the binder-coated decor with the side of the moist adhesive film is placed on the binder-coated nonwoven fabric from step ii) or inserted into a press of the respective rolls and then pressed in step iv).
- Composite component obtainable by a process according to one of the embodiments 1 to 13, the composite component in particular having a basis weight of 900 to 2000 g / m 2 , preferably 1100 to 1400 g / m 2 , more preferably 1250 to 1350 g / m 2 , on most preferably 1300 g / m 2 . 15.
- Embodiment 14 wherein the object is preferably selected from an interior paneling, in particular door paneling, back plate,
- Trunk trim a sun visor, a support part, in particular
- Interior trim in particular door trim, back plate,
- Trunk trim a sun visor, a support part, in particular
- an aqueous composition which contains a polychloroprene dispersion and / or a polyurethane dispersion as defined in one of the embodiments 1 to 7 as a binder for composite components, in particular composite components which contain at least one nonwoven.
- the composite component contains a thermoplastic binder which is obtained by coagulating an aqueous composition which contains a polychloroprene dispersion and / or a polyurethane dispersion, hereinafter also referred to simply as an aqueous composition.
- the coagulation is carried out either with the aid of a coagulant, by heating or by both.
- Suitable coagulants are known to the person skilled in the field of polychloroprene dispersions and / or polyurethane dispersions. They are preferably salt solutions, in particular aqueous salt solutions, which particularly preferably contain CaCl 2 . A 2 to 5% by weight aqueous salt, in particular CaCl 2 , solution is most preferred.
- the coagulant is preferably applied by spraying, dipping or injection. Brushing, casting, knife coating and rolling are also possible. If the coagulation is carried out by means of heating, temperatures of 80 to 220 ° C. are preferred.
- both a coagulant is used and subsequent heating is carried out.
- the aqueous composition is applied to at least one fleece.
- Techniques customary in the field can be used for this. For example, application by spraying the fleece with the aqueous composition is suitable; Injecting the aqueous composition, or dipping the nonwoven into the aqueous composition. Brushing, casting, knife coating and rolling are also possible. However, spraying, injecting and dipping are preferred.
- the application can preferably take place at temperatures from -5 ° C to 80 ° C, preferably at 5 ° C to 45 ° C, more preferably 10 ° C to 35 ° C, most preferably 20 to 30 ° C.
- the composition can additionally be blown into the fleece by means of compressed air after application to the fleece.
- aqueous compositions which contain a polychloroprene dispersion and / or a polyurethane dispersion are described below.
- Polychloroprene dispersions suitable according to the invention are prepared by emulsion polymerization of chloroprene and optionally an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with chloroprene in an alkaline medium, such as, for. B. disclosed in WO-A 02/24825 (p. 3, line 26-p. 7, line 4), DE-A 30 02 734 (p. 8, line 23- p. 12, line 4). 9), US Pat. No. 5,773, 544 (column 2, line 9 to column 4, line 45) or WO 2009/027013 A. Particularly preferred are polychloroprene dispersions which are prepared by continuous polymerization, such as, for. B described in WO 02/24825 A, Example 2 and DE 3 002 734 Example 6, the regulator content being able to be varied between 0.01% and 0.3%.
- the at least one polychloroprene which is contained in the polychloroprene dispersion a) has a Shore A value of 10 to 100, preferably 30 to 95, more preferably 60 to 90. Mixtures of 2 or more different polychloroprenes are used; In an alternative embodiment, all polychloroprene contained in the polychloroprene dispersion a) have a Shore A value of 10 to 100, preferably 15 to 95.
- the polychloroprene is an anionic polychloroprene.
- it has a pH of 8 to 14, particularly preferably from 9 to 13, most preferably from 10 to 13, measured according to DIN ISO 976: 2013.
- the determination can be carried out using a pH meter 826 pH mobile from Metrohm, the LL Protrode WOC from Metrohm can be used as a single-rod electrode.
- the accuracy of the measurement can be increased by determining a single sample 20 times and averaging the results obtained.
- pH values below 8 can lead to the aqueous composition or the adhesive setting too quickly, which can lead to quality problems in warmer months.
- the proportion of the respective components relates to the total weight of the non-volatile components of the aqueous composition, the sum of the components of the aqueous composition a) to e) giving 100% by weight.
- the Shore A value is determined as described in DIN ISO 7619-2010 using a Zwick 3114 Durometer Type A (hardness A - 2.5 N).
- Aqueous polyurethane dispersions which are used in adhesives for demanding industrial applications such as, for example, in shoe manufacture, the bonding of parts for automotive interiors, film lamination or the bonding of textile substrates, are known.
- the dispersions referred to in the context of the present invention as polyurethane dispersions contain, as the disperse phase, polymers which can be polyurethanes in the narrower sense, that is to say those polymers which are obtained by polymerizing polyols and polyisocyanates, but can also be those in which as a construction Components also mono- and / or diamines are used, optionally as chain extenders.
- polymers which can be polyurethanes in the narrower sense that is to say those polymers which are obtained by polymerizing polyols and polyisocyanates, but can also be those in which as a construction Components also mono- and / or diamines are used, optionally as chain extenders.
- both pure aqueous polyurethane and polyurethane-urea dispersions are used as the polyurethane dispersions which can be used according to the invention.
- polyurethane dispersions which contain semicrystalline segments and can be processed by the thermal activation process.
- the thermal activation process the dispersion is applied to the substrate, and after the water has completely evaporated, the adhesive layer is removed by heating, e.g. with an infrared heater, activated and converted into an adhesive state.
- the temperature at which the adhesive film becomes sticky is called the activation temperature.
- the aqueous polyurethane or polyurethane-urea dispersion which is preferably used contains, as the disperse phase, a polymer A) which, after drying, is partially crystalline or crystalline.
- a polymer is called semi-crystalline or crystalline if it has a melting peak in the DSC measurement according to DIN 65467 at a heating rate of 20 K / min.
- the melting peak is caused by the melting of regular partial structures in the polymer.
- the melting temperature of the polymers or polymer layers obtained from the formulations according to the invention is preferably in a range from 35 ° C. to 80 ° C., particularly preferably from 40 ° C. to 70 ° C., very particularly preferably from 42 ° C. to 55 ° C.
- the enthalpy of fusion of the polymer layers obtained from the formulations according to the invention is> 35 J / g, preferably> 40 J / g, particularly preferably> 45 J / g.
- the first heating is evaluated in order to also detect slowly crystallizing polymers.
- Polymer A is particularly preferably composed of
- a (v). optionally further isocyanate-reactive components which differ from A (i), A (ii) and (Aiv).
- the aqueous dispersions according to the invention preferably contain 15 to 60% by weight of polymer and 40 to 85% of water, preferably 30 to 50% by weight of polymer and 50 to 70% by weight of water, particularly preferably 38 to 52% by weight of polymer and 48 to 62 wt% water.
- the polymer preferably contains 50 to 95% by weight of component A (i), 0 to 10% by weight of component A (ii), 4 to 25% by weight of component A (iii), 0.5 to 10% by weight of component A (iv) and 0 to 30% by weight of component A (v), the sum of the components giving 100% by weight.
- the polymer contains 65 to 92% by weight of component A (i), 0 to 5% by weight of component A (ii), 6 to 15% by weight of component A (iii) , 0.5 to 5% by weight of component A (iv) and 0 to 25% by weight of component A (v), the sum of the components giving 100% by weight.
- the polymer contains 75 to 92% by weight of component A (i)), 0 to 5% by weight of component A (ii), 8 to 15% by weight of component A ( iii), 0.5 to 4% by weight of component A (iv) and 0 to 15% by weight of component A (v), the sum of the components giving 100% by weight.
- the polymer contains 80 to 90% by weight of component A (i), 0 to 3% by weight of component A (ii), 8 to 14% by weight of component A ( iii), 0.5 to 3% by weight of component A (iv) and 0 to 10% by weight of component A (v), the sum of the components giving 100% by weight.
- Suitable crystalline or partially crystalline difunctional polyester polyols A (i) are, in particular, linear or weakly branched polyester polyols based on dicarboxylic acids and / or their derivatives, such as anhydrides, esters or acid chlorides and preferably aliphatic, linear polyols. Mixtures of dicarboxylic acids and / or their derivatives are suitable. Suitable dicarboxylic acids are, for example, adipic acid, succinic acid, sebacic acid or dodecanedioic acid. Succinic acid, adipic acid and sebacic acid and their mixtures are preferred, succinic acid and adipic acid and their mixtures are particularly preferred, adipic acid is very particularly preferred. These are used in amounts of at least 90 mol%, preferably from 95 to 100 mol%, based on the total amount of all carboxylic acids.
- the difunctional polyester polyols A (i) can be prepared, for example, by polycondensation of dicarboxylic acids with polyols.
- the polyols preferably have a molecular weight of 62 to 399 g / mol, consist of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, are preferably unbranched, difunctional and preferably have primary OH groups.
- polyols which can be used for the preparation of polyester polyols A (i) are polyhydric alcohols, such as e.g. Ethanediol, di-, tri-, tetraethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, di-, tri-, tetrapropylene glycol, l, 3-propanediol, butanediol-l, 4, butanediol-l, 3, butanediol-2,3, pentanediol- l, 5, hexanediol-l, 6, 2,2-dimethyl-l, 3-propanediol, 1,4-dihydroxycyclohexane, 1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane, octanediol-l, 8, decanediol-l, l0,
- polyhydric alcohols such as e.g. Ethanediol, di-, tri-,
- Preferred polyol components for the polyester polyols A (i) are ethanediol-1,2, butanediol-1,4 and hexanediol-1,6, particularly preferred are butanediol-1,4 and hexanediol-1,6, butanediol-1 is very particularly preferred , 4th
- the polyester polyols A (i) can be composed of one or more polyols. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, they are made up of only one polyol.
- the crystalline or semi-crystalline difunctional polyester polyols with a number average molecular weight of at least 400 g / mol and a melting temperature of at least 35 ° C have a heat of fusion of at least 50 J / g, then the polymer produced using the same regularly has a heat of fusion of> 35 J /G.
- the heat of fusion of the polymer can be adjusted by a slight change in the content of polyester polyol A (i) in the composition or by a slight variation in the heat of fusion of the polyester polyol. These measures only require orientation tests and are entirely within the practical experience of the average person skilled in the art.
- the production of polyester polyols A (i) is known from the prior art.
- the number average molecular weight of the polyester polyols A (i) is preferably between 400 and 4000 g / mol, more preferably between 1000 and 3000 g / mol, particularly preferably between 1500 and 2500 g / mol, very particularly preferably between 1800 and 2400 g / mol.
- the number average molecular weight is determined, for example, by means of GPC measurements using polystyrene standards.
- the melting temperature of the crystalline or partially crystalline polyester polyols is generally at least 35 ° C., preferably between 40 and 80 ° C., particularly preferably between 42 and 60 ° C. and very particularly preferably between 45 and 52 ° C.
- the heat of fusion is> 35 J / g, preferably> 40 J / g and particularly preferably> 50 J / g.
- Difunctional polyol components with a molecular weight of 62 to 399 g / mol which are suitable as build-up component A (ii) are, for example, the polyols mentioned for the preparation of the polyester polyols A (i).
- Low molecular weight polyester diols, polyether diols, polycarbonate diols or other polymer diols are also suitable in principle, provided that they have a molecular weight of 62 to 399 g / mol.
- Diisocyanates Y (NCO) 2 are preferably used, Y being a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, a divalent cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 15 carbon atoms or a divalent araliphatic Hydrocarbon radical having 7 to 15 carbon atoms.
- diisocyanates examples include tetramethylene diisocyanate, methyl pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-diisocyanato-cyclohexane, l-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanato-methyl-cyclohexane, 4,4'-diisocyanato-dicyclohexane -methane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexyl-propane (2,2), 1,4-di-isocyanatobenzene, 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2 , 2'- and 2,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, tetramethylxyl
- polyisocyanates known per se in polyurethane chemistry or else modified polyisocyanates containing, for example, carbodiimide groups, allophanate groups, isocyanurate groups, urethane groups and / or biuret groups.
- polyisocyanates are also suitable which contain heteroatoms in the radical linking the isocyanate groups and / or have a functionality of more than 2 isocyanate groups per molecule.
- the former are e.g. by modification of simple aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and / or aromatic diisocyanates, polyisocyanates made up of at least two diisocyanates with uretdione, isocyanurate, urethane, allophanate, biuret, carbodiimide, imino-oxadiazinedione and / or oxadiazinetrione and / or oxadiazinetrione .
- An example of an unmodified polyisocyanate with more than 2 isocyanate groups per molecule is e.g. 4- Isocyanatomethyl-1, 8-octane diisocyanate (nonanetriisocyanate) called.
- Particularly preferred structural components A (iii) are hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and
- IPDI 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexane
- Preferred components A (iv) which are reactive toward isocyanate and carry at least one ionic or potentially ionic group are mono- and dihydroxycarboxylic acids, mono- and diaminocarboxylic acids, mono- and dihydroxysulfonic acids, mono- and diaminosulfonic acids as well as mono- and dihydroxyphosphonic acids or mono- and diaminophosphonic acids and their alkali and ammonium salts.
- Examples are dimethylolpropionic acid, dimethylolbutyric acid, hydroxypivalic acid, N- (2-aminoethyl) -ß-alanine, N- (2-aminoethyl) -
- 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid N - (2-aminoethyl) -2-aminoethane carboxylic acid ethylenediamine propyl or butyl sulfonic acid, 1,2- or 1,3-propylenediamine- ⁇ -ethyl sulfonic acid, malic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, glycine, alanine, taurine, Lysine, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid, an addition product of IPDI and acrylic acid (EP-A 0 916 647, example 1) and its alkali and / or ammonium salts; the adduct of sodium bisulfite with butene-2-diol-1,4, polyether sulfonate, the propoxylated adduct of 2-butenediol and NaHSCf, for example described in DE-A 2 446 440 (page 5-9, formula I-III).
- Sodium, potassium, lithium and calcium hydroxide and tertiary amines such as triethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine and ethyldiisopropylamine are well suited for salt formation.
- Other amines for salt formation can also be used, such as, for example, ammonia, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, methydiethanolamine, aminomethylpropanol and also Mixtures of the above and other amines. It makes sense to add these amines only after the isocyanate groups have been largely reacted.
- component A (iv) are building blocks which can be converted into cationic groups, such as N-methyl-diethanolamine, by adding acids.
- Particularly preferred components A (iv) are those which have carboxy and / or carboxylate and / or sulfonate groups.
- the sodium salts of N- (2-aminoethyl) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid and N- (2-aminoethyl) -2-aminoethane carboxylic acid, in particular N- (2-aminoethyl) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, are very particularly preferred.
- the salts of dimethylolpropionic acid are also very particularly preferred.
- Components A (v) which are reactive toward isocyanates can be, for example, polyoxyalkylene ethers which contain at least one hydroxyl or amino group.
- the commonly used polyalkylene oxide polyether alcohols are accessible in a manner known per se by alkoxylation of suitable starter molecules.
- Alkylene oxides suitable for the alkoxylation reaction are, in particular, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, which can be used individually or together in the alkoxylation reaction.
- Further components A (v) which are reactive toward isocyanate are, for example, monoamines, diamines and / or polyamines and mixtures thereof.
- Examples of monoamines are aliphatic and / or alicyclic primary and / or secondary monoamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, the isomeric propylamines and butylamines, higher linear aliphatic monoamines and cycloaliphatic monoamines such as cyclohexylamine.
- Other examples are amino alcohols, i.e. H. Compounds containing amino and hydroxyl groups in one molecule, e.g. B. ethanolamine, N-methylethanolamine, diethanolamine or 2-propanolamine.
- Examples of diamines are 1, 2-ethanediamine, 1,6-hexamethylene diamine, 1-amino-3, 3,5-trimethyl-5-aminomethyl-cyclohexane
- the polymer according to the invention contains at least one monoamine and / or at least one diamine as component A (v) which is reactive towards isocyanate in order to adjust the molecular weight.
- component (a) can be a dispersion (a1) based on one or more polychloroprene polymers, a dispersion (a2) based on one or more polyurethane and / or polyurea polymers, or mixtures of (al) and ( a2) can be used.
- the aqueous composition for use in the present invention contains at least one thickener. Suitable thickeners are described, for example, in W. Heilen et al. “Additives for aqueous coating systems, Vincentz-Verlag Hannover, ISBN 978-3- 86630-845-9, page 61 ff.
- Suitable thickeners are, for example, in amounts from 0.01 to 15% by weight, based on the non-volatile content of the aqueous composition, preferably selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acids, water-soluble polyurethanes, silicas, cellulose derivatives such as polycarboxylated cellulose ethers, nonionic cellulose ethers and microfibrillated celluloses, alginates, xanthanes, polyvinyl alcohols and mixtures thereof, In a further embodiment, the thickeners are present in amounts of 0.3 to 5.0% by weight, based on non-volatile fractions of the aqueous composition.
- the presence of at least one thickener in the aqueous composition achieves several technical advantages.
- the stability of the aqueous composition is increased, in particular if additional constituents, such as, for example, flame retardants, such as Al (OH) 3 , are additionally present.
- the viscosity is increased by the addition of the at least one thickener, which improves the process. If aqueous compositions without a thickener are used, this or the adhesive is sucked in too strongly by the applied vacuum and the distribution of the aqueous composition or the adhesive in the component is often not sufficient.
- the presence of the thickener also enables a more precise dosage and less dripping of the aqueous composition to be achieved. About that In addition, a more constant layer thickness is achieved after application of the aqueous composition to the nonwoven compared to compositions that do not contain thickeners.
- the aqueous composition may further contain an aqueous silica dispersion.
- Aqueous dispersions of silicon dioxide have been known for a long time. Depending on the manufacturing process, they are available in different structures. Silicon dioxide dispersions suitable according to the invention can be obtained on the basis of silica sol, silica gel, pyrogenic silicas or precipitated silicas or mixtures of these. If appropriate, such aqueous silicon dioxide dispersions are used whose Si0 2 particles have an average particle diameter of 1 to 400 nm, preferably 5 to 100 nm and particularly preferably 8 to 55 nm. If precipitated silicas are used, they are ground for the purpose of particle reduction. The mean particle diameter is determined by fiber diffraction on a fiber diffractometer.
- a sample of the silica dispersion or the aqueous composition is removed with stirring, transferred to a beaker and diluted by adding water without the addition of dispersing additives so that a dispersion with a weight fraction of approximately 1% by weight of SiO 2 is formed.
- a dispersion with a weight fraction of approximately 1% by weight of SiO 2 is prepared by stirring the powder into water.
- the particle size distribution is determined from a partial sample of the dispersion with the fiber diffractometer. A relative refractive index of 1.09 should be selected for the measurement. All measurements are made at room temperature.
- Silica sols are colloidal solutions of amorphous silicon dioxide in water, which are usually also referred to as silica sols but briefly as silica sols.
- the silicon dioxide is in the form of spherical particles which are hydroxylated on the surface.
- the particle diameter of the colloidal particles is usually 1 to 200 nm, the specific BET surface area correlating to the particle size (determined by the method of GN Sears, Analytical Chemistry Vol. 28, N. 12, 1981-1983, December 1956, as follows) described) is 15 to 2000 m 2 / g.
- the surface of the Si0 2 particles has a thread that is compensated for by a corresponding counterion, which leads to the stabilization of the colloidal solution.
- the alkaline stabilized silica sols have a pH of 7 to 11.5 and contain, for example, small amounts of Na 2 0, K 2 0, Li 2 0, ammonia, organic nitrogen bases, tetraalkylammonium hydroxides or alkali or ammonium aluminates as alkalizing agents.
- Silica sols can also be present as semi-stable colloidal solutions with a weak acidity. It is also possible to produce cationically adjusted silica sols by coating the surface with AFfOHfsCl.
- the solids concentrations of the silica sols are preferably 5 to 60% by weight of SiO 2 .
- the manufacturing process for silica sols essentially goes through the production steps: dealalkalization of water glass by means of ion exchange, adjustment and stabilization of the desired particle sizes (distribution) of the Si0 2 particles, adjustment of the desired Si0 2 concentration and optionally a surface modification of the Si0 2 particles, such as with Al 2 (OH) 5 Cl. In none of these steps does the Si0 2 particle leave the colloidally dissolved state. This explains the presence of the discrete primary particles, for example with high binder effectiveness.
- Silica gels are colloidally shaped or unshaped silicas of elastic to firm consistency with loose to dense pore structure.
- the silica is in the form of highly condensed polysilicic acid. There are siloxane and / or silanol groups on the surface.
- the silica gels are produced from water glass by reaction with mineral acids.
- the primary particle size is generally 3 to 20 nm and the specific surface 250 to 1000 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area is determined in the present invention by the method of G. N. Sears, Analytical Chemistry Vol. 28, N. 12, 1981-1983, December 1956.
- pyrogenic silica and precipitated silica.
- water is initially introduced and then water glass and acid, such as H 2 S0 4 , are added simultaneously.
- This creates colloidal primary particles that agglomerate as the reaction progresses and grow into agglomerates.
- the specific surface is 30 to 800 m 2 / g and the primary particle size is 5 to 100 nm.
- the primary particles of these silicas, which are present as a solid, are firmly crosslinked to form secondary agglomerates. Fumed silica can be produced by flame hydrolysis or using the arc process.
- the dominant synthetic process for pyrogenic silicas is flame hydrolysis, in which tetrachlorosilane is decomposed in a detonating gas flame.
- the silica formed is X-ray amorphous. Fumed silica has significantly less OH groups on its almost non-porous surface than precipitated silica.
- the pyrogenic silica produced by flame hydrolysis has a specific surface area of 50 to 600 m 2 / g and a primary particle size of 5 to 50 nm
- the silica produced by the arc process has a specific surface area of 25 to 300 m 2 / g and a primary particle size of 5 up to 500 nm.
- an SiO 2 raw material such as pyrogenic or precipitated silica
- this is converted into an aqueous Si0 2 dispersion by dispersion.
- dispersants of the prior art are used, preferably those which are suitable for producing high shear rates, such as, for. B. Ultratorrax or dissolver discs.
- Preferred polymer dispersions according to the invention are those in which the Si0 2 particles of the silicon dioxide dispersion c) are present as discrete uncrosslinked primary particles. It is also preferred that the Si0 2 particles have hydroxyl groups on the particle surface.
- Aqueous silica sols are particularly preferably used as the aqueous silicon dioxide dispersions c).
- Si0 2 particles have hydroxyl groups on the particle surface can be determined, for example, using the following measurement method.
- the silica sol is acidified and then titrated against an alkali.
- An essential property of the silicas according to the invention is their thickening effect in formulations made from polychloroprene dispersions, which means that the adhesives thus produced form fine-particle, sedimentation-stable dispersions, are easy to process and also have a high stability on nonwovens.
- Aqueous compositions which contain a polychloroprene dispersion and / or a polyurethane dispersion a) according to the present invention and a silicon dioxide dispersion c) according to the present invention are mixtures of commercially available dispersions.
- Suitable polychloroprene dispersions a1) according to the present invention are commercially available from Covestro GmbH AG under the trade name Dispercoll® C, in particular Dispercoll® C 74, C 84, C 86, C 2325, and C 2372-1.
- An example of a suitable polyurethane dispersion a2) is Dispercoll® U 53F (Covestro Deutschland AG).
- Suitable silicon dioxide dispersions c) according to the present invention are commercially available under the trade name Dispercoll® S, in particular Dispercoll® S 5005 (55 nm), S 4510 (30 nm), S 4020 (15 nm), S3030 / 1 (9 nm) , S 2020XP (15 nm), particularly preferably Dispercoll® S 4510, available from Covestro Deutschland AG.
- Dispercoll® S Dispercoll® S 5005 (55 nm), S 4510 (30 nm), S 4020 (15 nm), S3030 / 1 (9 nm) , S 2020XP (15 nm), particularly preferably Dispercoll® S 4510, available from Covestro Deutschland AG.
- the mean particle diameter is given above in the brackets.
- Dispercoll® S 4510 and / or S 3030/1 being preferably contained.
- the aqueous composition contains 10 to 90% by weight of an aqueous silicon dioxide dispersion, preferably with an average particle diameter of the silicon dioxide particles of 1 to 400 nm (component c).
- the proportion of the respective components relates to the total weight of the non-volatile components of the aqueous composition, the sum of the components of the aqueous composition a) to d) giving 100% by weight.
- the aqueous composition of the present invention may optionally contain additives.
- wetting agents in particular polyphosphates, such as sodium hexametaphosphate, naphthalenesulfonic acid, ammonium or sodium polyacrylic acid salts can be added.
- salts of polyacrylic acids in particular Na salts of polyacrylic acids, such as, for example, commercially available under the trade name Dispex N40 from BASF.
- Flame retardants can also be added to the aqueous composition in order to increase the fire safety of the moldings produced therefrom.
- flame retardants are: organic phosphorus and nitrogen compounds, organochlor and organobromine compounds, and inorganic flame retardants such as e.g. Antimony trioxide or aluminum hydroxide.
- aluminum hydroxide is preferably used as the flame retardant in the aqueous composition; aluminum hydroxide with an average particle size d (50) in the range from 1.0 to 3.9, in particular 1.7 to 2.1, mhi is particularly preferably used .
- fungicides can also be added for preservation. These are used in amounts of 0.02 to 1% by weight, based on the non-volatile components, of the aqueous composition. Suitable fungicides are, for example, phenol and cresol derivatives or organotin compounds.
- tackifying resins such as. B. unmodified or modified natural resins such as rosin esters, hydrocarbon resins or synthetic resins such as phthalate resins
- tackifying resins such as. B. unmodified or modified natural resins such as rosin esters, hydrocarbon resins or synthetic resins such as phthalate resins
- Preferred are alkylphenol resin and terpene phenol resin dispersions with softening points greater than 70 ° C, particularly preferably greater than 10 ° C.
- organic solvents such as, for example, toluene, xylene, butyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, dioxane or their mixtures or plasticizers, such as, for example, those based on adipate, phthalate or phosphate in amounts of 0.5 to 10 parts by weight , based on non-volatile components of the aqueous composition.
- the aqueous composition of the present invention can also 0.1 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 1.5 to 15 wt .-%, at least one pigment, preferably selected from white pigments, more preferably from chalk, Ti0 2 , ZnO, MgO, Al (OH) 3 Al 2 0 3 or mixtures thereof.
- Zinc oxide or magnesium oxide can be used as an acceptor for small amounts of hydrogen chloride which can be split off from the chloroprene polymers and are therefore additionally contained in preferred embodiments. These are added in amounts of 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 5% by weight, based on the nonvolatile components of the aqueous composition, and can partially hydrolyze or contain (al) in the presence of the polychloroprene dispersions hydrolyzable portions. In this way, the viscosity of the polymer dispersion can be increased and adjusted to a desired level.
- the at least one additive is selected from pigments, flame retardants, antioxidants, dispersing aids, emulsifiers, wetting agents, coupling agents and defoamers.
- the proportions of the individual components are selected such that the resulting dispersion has a nonvolatile content of 25 to 60% by weight, preferably 30 to 50% by weight, the proportions of the polychloroprene dispersion and / or the polyurethane dispersion (a) from 9.9 to 90% by weight, preferably 14.7 to 75% by weight and the silicon dioxide dispersion (c) from 9.9 to 90% by weight, preferably 24.7 to 85 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 40 to 75 wt .-%, wherein the percentages relate to the weight of non-volatile components of components a) to d) and add up to 100 wt .-%.
- the polychloroprene dispersions and / or polyurethane dispersions can optionally other dispersions such as.
- the aqueous composition according to the invention is prepared by simply mixing components (a) to (d).
- the polychloroprene dispersion and / or the polyurethane dispersion (a) are preferably introduced and the other components are added with stirring.
- the thickener (b) is added as the last component of the mixture.
- the composite component of the present invention further comprises at least one nonwoven.
- nonwovens known to those skilled in the field of composite components are suitable as nonwovens in the sense of the present invention.
- Synthetic, regenerated and natural fibers and mixtures thereof can be used as fiber or thread materials.
- mixtures of elastic and inelastic fibers or threads are produced.
- Non-elastic fibers or threads for the first textile web are, for example, cotton, viscose and synthetic fibers or threads such as, for example, polyacrylic, polyamide, aramid, polyester, polyols fine or inorganic fiber materials, such as, for example, glass fibers or carbon fibers.
- Elastic fiber or thread elements are, for example, games made from elastodes, thermoplastic elastomers, elastane, elastic polyamide or polyurethane fibers, textured synthetic games, cellulose cinnamon crepe threads or cellulose spider crepe threads.
- the nonwovens preferably consist of polyolefin, polyethylene terephthalate, polyether sulfone, glass, mineral or plant-based fibers, such as cotton fibers, coconut fibers, rice cotton fibers, or mixtures thereof and / or have a density of 300 to 1200 g / m 2 , preferably 400 to 550 g / m 2 or 900 to 1100 g / m 2 .
- Both the elastic and the non-elastic fibers or threads can be used in different thicknesses depending on the thickness of the desired fleece.
- the thread count of the elastic threads is preferably 4-80 tex, preferably 10-40 tex, particularly preferably 15-30 tex.
- the nonwovens can consist of one or more different types of threads or fibers, which differ from one another with regard to the material and / or the yarn thickness.
- One or more types of non-elastic games and, if available, one or more types of elastic games can be included.
- the longitudinal stretchability of the nonwovens is preferably from 30-200%, more preferably 60-110%, particularly preferably 85-100%.
- the transverse extensibility of the nonwovens is preferably 10- 120%, more preferably 30-100%, particularly preferably 40-90%.
- the nonwovens can be colored or undyed. Furthermore, the nonwovens can be needled, carded or thermally pre-fixed.
- the nonwovens can also contain or consist of flame-retardant fibers in order to improve the flame-retardancy of the composite component.
- a suitable commercially available flame retardant for fibers is Aflammit® from Thor or Exolit® from Clariant.
- the use of red phosphorus is also possible.
- the semifinished product obtained after coagulation is formed into a composite component by pressing and / or heating.
- the steps can be carried out using the methods customary for a person skilled in the field of composite components, for example in a press. If heating is used, the semi-finished product can be warmed up before being placed in the press. Alternatively, it is possible for the semi-finished product to be heated and pressed in the press at the same time.
- this preferably takes 0.1 to 30 seconds, more preferably 1 to 15 seconds, particularly preferably 3 to 10 seconds.
- the composite component obtained can then be processed further. For example, by applying a layer, preferably made of a thermoplastic polymer or resin, to a part or the entire surface of the composite component and then, if appropriate, applying a decoration. All decors known to those skilled in the art are suitable, for example textile fabrics, preferably with foam backing, leather or foils. As a result, the composite component can be further supported and solidified.
- the thermoplastic polymer can be selected from conventional thermoplastic polymers, such as polyolefins or polyurethanes. It is also possible that the thermoplastic polymer is the binder as described above. If resins are used, those described above can also be used.
- the semi-finished product can be processed in various devices or in a so-called “one shot” process within a press.
- This one-shot process preferably comprises the following steps:
- the fleece is wetted with binder and heated.
- a dry, warm and binder-coated nonwoven is obtained.
- the decor for example a textile fabric with a foam backing, is also wetted on the foam side with binder but not or not completely dried, so that a moist adhesive film is retained.
- the decor coated with binder is placed with the side of the moist adhesive film on the binder-coated nonwoven from step A. or is moved into the press of the respective rolls and then pressed.
- the parts are joined first by thermoplastic fiber forming and later by the cohesion and curing of the binder and the slower curing of the adhesive film.
- thermoplastic fiber On its own, neither cooling the thermoplastic nor curing the binder would be possible so quickly. Even high pressure alone usually does not lead to satisfactory solutions for the decor.
- the binder for the adhesive joint of the lamination / textile should preferably not be filled too hard or set too hard.
- the carrier would then be quite firm, but the bond between the textile and the carrier may not be sufficiently stable.
- a further shaping of the composite component can also be carried out by pressing again and / or a new heat treatment.
- Automatic folding of the composite component or the further processed composite component is also possible, so that a durable bond is achieved in the folding area. This presupposes that the circumferential trimming is adapted to the fold, that a predetermined breaking point weakens the material in the radius on the B side and that there is a sufficient energy source (pressure, temperature, high-frequency energy).
- the composite component or the further processed composite component can be cut or punched as described above to obtain a desired shape.
- the composite component obtained according to the invention is used as a component of an interior cladding, a sun visor, a carrier part, a 2 or 3-dimensional soundproofing panel, a 3-dimensional pressure component, an upholstery material, a collision protection, a seat shell and a shock insulation.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 explained in more detail. It shows
- Fig. 2 shows a second manufacturing method for a composite component according to the invention
- FIG 3 shows a third method for producing a composite component according to the invention.
- a fleece 1 is fed from a roll 2 over two guide rollers 3 to a binder application device 4, in the present case a spraying device.
- the binder application device 4 applies the binder to the fleece 1 on both sides.
- the fleece 1 coated in this way is then fed to a reagent application device 5, where a coagulant is applied by spraying.
- the fleece 1 is then fed to a press 6 with hydraulically operated and heated press tables 7.
- the coated fleece 1 is pressed into the desired shape, heated and, at the same time, cut to the desired size using a punching device also arranged in the press 6.
- the cutting or punching of the composite component 9 is carried out in particular in a pinch edge tool. After the dwell time has been reached, the composite component 9 according to the invention is then ejected and the process is repeated.
- FIG. 2 shows an alternative continuous production method for producing a composite component 9 according to the invention.
- the binder application device is realized by an immersion bath 10, through which the fleece 1 is guided over a squeeze roller arrangement 11 and the binder is applied to it.
- the weight of the rollers creates pressure on the nonwoven 1 carried out between the rollers and thus controls the amount of binder applied.
- the coated fleece 1 is guided through a gap between two stripping rollers 12, as a result of which excess binder is removed and again the immersion bath 10 is supplied. The remaining process steps proceed as in the manner shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 shows a third variant of a continuous production process according to the invention. This is essentially based on the procedure shown in FIG. 2, the press 13 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 not containing a heated press table but an unheated molding tool.
- the coated nonwoven material is heated on one side or on both sides directly in front of the press 13 by a heating station 14 by means of a heating plate or an infrared radiation heater. Typical heating temperatures are around 220 ° C. Since the curing reaction of the binder is already set in motion by this upstream heating station 14, additional heating of the pressing or punching tool can be dispensed with here during the pressing and punching process.
- the fleece has a temperature of 30 ° C. to 220 ° C. when it enters the press 13, depending on the transport speed and the distance between the heating station 14 and the press 13.
- Dispercoll® C 2325 Polychloroprene dispersion, 55% solids content, Covestro GmbH AG
- 64.69 g of Rhenofit® DDA-50 EM antioxidant, 50% solids content, Lanxess AG
- 64 , 69 g Emulvin® W emulsifier, 65% solids content, Lanxess AG
- 6278.54 g Dispercoll® S 4510 sica sol dispersion, 45% solids content, Covestro GmbH
- 520.63 g Martinal® 01-104 flame retardant based on aluminum hydroxide, Martinswerk GmbH
- 523.04 g of Borchigel® A LA thickckener, solids content 10%, diluted 1: 1 with water to a solids content 5%, OMG Borchers GmbH
- Dispercoll® U 53F polyurethane dispersion, 40% solids content, Covestro GmbH AG
- Rhenofit® are added in succession with stirring DDA-50 EM (anti-aging agent, 50% solids, Lanxess AG), 33.8 g Emulvin® W (emulsifier, 65% solids, Lanxess AG), 2335.8 g Dispercoll® S 3030-1 (silica sol dispersion, 30% Solids content, Covestro GmbH), 271.51 g Martinal® 01-104 (flame retardant based on aluminum hydroxide, Martinswerk GmbH) and 382.5 g Borchigel® A LA (thickener, solids content 10%, diluted 1: 1 with water to solids content 5 %, OMG Borchers GmbH) dosed and stirred for 30 min. The dispersion is then left to stand at RT for 24 hours. The resulting aqueous binder dispersion has a solids content of 3
- a non-woven material PES 1000g / m 2 made of 60% by weight of PES black and 40% by weight of PES bikofibre white is used for the production of the composite components, in the present case in the form of cladding parts, so that a gray fleece is produced from this.
- Such a fleece was each wetted with one of the compositions described above with a dry weight of 300 g / m 2 and blown into the fleece with the aid of compressed air. The material was then heated at 200 to 220 ° C. for about 30 to 90 seconds and then pressed in the mold at room temperature, the casing parts being obtained.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18203867 | 2018-10-31 | ||
| PCT/EP2019/079386 WO2020089163A1 (de) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-28 | Kompositbauteil enthaltend ein polychloropren- und/oder polyurethan-bindemittel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP3874081A1 true EP3874081A1 (de) | 2021-09-08 |
| EP3874081B1 EP3874081B1 (de) | 2023-02-08 |
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Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12325953B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3874081B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN113242920A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020089163A1 (de) |
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| US5773A (en) | 1848-09-19 | Sizing and drying cotton-batting | ||
| US544A (en) | 1837-12-29 | Construction of heddles and harness eor weavers | ||
| DE2446440C3 (de) | 1974-09-28 | 1981-04-30 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von wäßrigen Dispersionen von Sulfonatgruppen aufweisenden Polyurethanen |
| DE3002734A1 (de) | 1980-01-25 | 1981-07-30 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur herstellung eines polychloropren-klebstoffs mit verbesserter topfzeit |
| US4366192A (en) * | 1981-02-17 | 1982-12-28 | Norwood Industries, Inc. | Thermal coagulation of polyurethane dispersions |
| DE3325163A1 (de) * | 1982-07-14 | 1984-01-19 | Norwood Industries, Inc., Malvern, Pa. | Impraegniermassen mit polyurethan-polymeren |
| JPH04281074A (ja) * | 1991-03-07 | 1992-10-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | ポリウレタン樹脂系湿式合成皮革の製造方法 |
| EP0817805B1 (de) * | 1995-03-27 | 2010-09-08 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polychloroprenmischung |
| DE19750186A1 (de) | 1997-11-13 | 1999-05-20 | Bayer Ag | Hydrophilierungsmittel, ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung als Dispergator für wäßrige Polyurethan-Dispersionen |
| DE10046545A1 (de) | 2000-09-19 | 2002-03-28 | Bayer Ag | Klebstoffzusammensetzung auf Basis von Polychloropren-Dispersionen |
| DE10324305A1 (de) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-16 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung sphärischer Zinkoxidpartikel |
| EP1664225A1 (de) * | 2003-09-18 | 2006-06-07 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Wässrige klebstoff-dispersionen |
| CN1715228A (zh) * | 2004-06-14 | 2006-01-04 | 日信化学工业株式会社 | 玻璃纤维粘合剂组合物及玻璃纤维制毡 |
| US7964662B2 (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2011-06-21 | Bostik, Inc. | Adhesive formulation for vacuum forming applications |
| DE102008009390A1 (de) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-02-26 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Niedrigviskose wässrige Klebstoff-Polymer-Dispersionen |
| US20100044909A1 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-02-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Lofty, tackified nonwoven sheet and method of making |
| WO2015039940A1 (de) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung eines formkörpers |
| DE102014213373B4 (de) | 2014-04-16 | 2021-06-24 | Johnson Controls Gmbh & Co. Kg | Polsterelement |
| KR20180002810A (ko) * | 2015-05-06 | 2018-01-08 | 바스프 에스이 | 복합 재료 제조 방법 |
| EP3296361B1 (de) * | 2015-05-15 | 2019-12-04 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Wässrige dispersionsmischung |
| KR101855924B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-09 | 주식회사 에스앤비 | 습기 경화형 폴리우레탄 핫멜트를 이용한 자동차 시트 제조 장치 및 방법 |
-
2019
- 2019-10-28 WO PCT/EP2019/079386 patent/WO2020089163A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-10-28 US US17/289,787 patent/US12325953B2/en active Active
- 2019-10-28 EP EP19797220.1A patent/EP3874081B1/de active Active
- 2019-10-28 CN CN201980072467.8A patent/CN113242920A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020089163A1 (de) | 2020-05-07 |
| CN113242920A (zh) | 2021-08-10 |
| US12325953B2 (en) | 2025-06-10 |
| EP3874081B1 (de) | 2023-02-08 |
| US20210395945A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 |
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